TWI830760B - 疏水疏油構件及疏水疏油構件之製造方法 - Google Patents
疏水疏油構件及疏水疏油構件之製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI830760B TWI830760B TW108127313A TW108127313A TWI830760B TW I830760 B TWI830760 B TW I830760B TW 108127313 A TW108127313 A TW 108127313A TW 108127313 A TW108127313 A TW 108127313A TW I830760 B TWI830760 B TW I830760B
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Classifications
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Abstract
對各種基材以下述方法設置以分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為主成分的特定厚度之底塗層後,與於該底塗層的外表面上設置以水解性含氟化合物之硬化物為主成分的特定厚度之疏水疏油層而成的疏水疏油構件,可穩定且簡便地對各種基材賦予耐磨耗性及抗靜電性優良的疏水疏油被膜;該疏水疏油構件係藉由具有以下步驟的方法等而得:在基材的表面上濕式塗佈包含分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物與溶劑的溶液之步驟;使該溶劑乾燥而於前述基材的表面上形成・層合底塗層之步驟;於該底塗層的外表面上濕式塗佈包含水解性含氟化合物與溶劑的溶液後,使該溶劑乾燥,或者乾式塗佈由該溶液使溶劑蒸發而得的水解性含氟化合物之步驟;及使該水解性含氟化合物硬化而於底塗層的外表面上形成・層合疏水疏油層之步驟。
Description
本發明係有關於一種兼備抗靜電性與疏水疏油性的疏水疏油構件及該疏水疏油構件之製造方法,詳言之,係有關於一種在基材與疏水疏油層之間使用分子中具有多個矽醇基(鍵結於矽原子之羥基)之有機矽化合物來形成底塗層的疏水疏油構件及該疏水疏油構件之製造方法。
近年來,為改良外觀或辨視性,對不易使髒汙附著之技術或容易卸除髒汙之技術的要求逐年提高,尤其是眼鏡鏡片、智慧型手機、穿戴式終端、汽車導航、電子設備之殼體、廚台或運輸設備之機體的表面由於容易附著皮脂或油汙,而期望設置疏水疏油層。然而,作為疏水疏油劑使用之具有氟基的化合物,由於其表面自由能極小而具有對各種基材的非黏著性、非密接性,因此不易使疏水疏油劑直接密接於基材。而且,如氟之疏水膜係具有容易帶電之特徵,而不易簡單地達到抗靜電性優良的疏水疏油表面。
為解決此種密接性的問題,作為可對玻璃等的基材表面實施疏水疏油處理之處理劑,例如日本特開2011-116947號公報(專利文獻1)中揭示一種下述平均組成式所示之含有氟氧伸烷基之聚合物組成物:
(式中Rf1
為包含5~100個-Cd
F2d
O-(d為1~6之整數,可隨重複單元而異)之重複單元的二價直鏈型氟氧伸烷基,A及B彼此獨立為選自Rf2
基或下述式
所示之基的基,Rf2
為F、H、末端為-CF3
基或-CF2
H基之一價含氟基,Q為二價有機基,Z為具有矽氧烷鍵之二~七價有機聚矽氧烷殘基,R為碳數1~4之烷基或苯基,X為水解性基,a為2或3,b為1~6,c為1~5之整數,β為0或1之整數)。
然而,專利文獻1所提出之處理劑,在以玻璃等為代表之存在大量矽醇基的基板上雖顯示較優良的耐久性,但對於金屬、金屬氧化物或樹脂等則不易獲得優良的密接性。
作為提升密接性之方法,有人揭示一種以乾式法(蒸鍍法或濺鍍法)設置SiO2
層作為底塗層的方法(國際公開第2014/097388號:專利文獻2)。其中指出若採用此方法,則可形成耐久性優良的疏水疏油層,但由於必需在真空中進行處理,而且要塗敷於大型基板時則需要大型裝置,因此就生產性、生產成本方面,應用範圍有限。
另一方面,有人揭示一種能以濕式法設置底塗層的聚矽氮烷溶液(國際公開第2010/038648號:專利文獻3)。其係利用塗佈聚矽氮烷溶液後,與水分反應而轉化為二氧化矽玻璃。此方法在未採用真空製程方面較乾式法更為優異,但要使疏水疏油層的密接性更穩定,則需要長時間的高溫加熱或加濕,因此在生產性、成本方面存有問題,由耐熱性觀點而言有可應用之基材受限的問題。
再者,以上述方法設置疏水疏油層的構件,常大於基材所具有的表面電阻值,而會引起所謂帶電的問題。雖已有人提出各種抗靜電劑,但基於對組成物添加抗靜電劑之觀點,表面的疏水疏油性、防汙性不足。
此外,作為與本發明相關之習知技術,可與上述文獻共同舉出下述文獻。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2011-116947號公報
[專利文獻2]國際公開第2014/097388號
[專利文獻3]國際公開第2010/038648號
[專利文獻4]日本特開2007-197425號公報
[專利文獻5]日本特開2007-297589號公報
[專利文獻6]日本特開2007-297543號公報
[專利文獻7]日本特開2008-088412號公報
[專利文獻8]日本特開2008-144144號公報
[專利文獻9]日本特開2010-031184號公報
[專利文獻10]日本特開2010-047516號公報
[專利文獻11]日本特開2011-178835號公報
[專利文獻12]日本特開2014-084405號公報
[專利文獻13]日本特開2014-105235號公報
[專利文獻14]日本特開2013-253228號公報
[專利文獻15]日本特開2014-218639號公報
[專利文獻16]國際公開第2013/121984號
[發明所欲解決之課題]
本發明係有鑑於上述實情而完成者,茲以提供一種抗靜電性優良的疏水疏油構件,及以濕式法或乾式法形成對各種基材之抗靜電性優良的疏水疏油層之疏水疏油構件之製造方法為目的。
[解決課題之手段]
本案發明人等為達成上述目的而致力重複多次研究的結果發現,對各種基材以下述方法設置以分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為主成分的特定厚度之底塗層(第1層)後,於該底塗層的外表面上設置以水解性含氟化合物之硬化物為主成分的特定厚度之疏水疏油層(第2層)而成的疏水疏油構件,可穩定且簡便地對各種基材賦予耐磨耗性及抗靜電性優良(即外表面的表面電阻值為1.0×1011
Ω/□以下)的疏水疏油被膜,而且底塗層及疏水疏油層,在室溫(25℃±10℃)製程下亦可塗敷而成,終至完成本發明;該疏水疏油構件係藉由具有以下步驟的方法等而得:在基材之至少單側的表面上濕式塗佈包含分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物與溶劑的溶液之步驟;使該溶劑乾燥而於前述基材之至少單側的表面上形成・層合底塗層之步驟;於該底塗層的外表面上濕式塗佈包含水解性含氟化合物與溶劑的溶液後,使該溶劑乾燥,或者乾式塗佈由該溶液使溶劑蒸發而得的水解性含氟化合物之步驟;及使該水解性含氟化合物硬化而於底塗層的外表面上形成・層合疏水疏油層之步驟。
亦即,本發明係提供下述之疏水疏油構件及疏水疏油構件之製造方法:
[1]
一種疏水疏油構件,其為在基材之至少單側的表面上具有作為第1層之底塗層,並進一步於該底塗層的外表面上具有作為第2層之疏水疏油層而成的疏水疏油構件,其中,該底塗層係由以分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為主成分之膜厚30~500nm的層所構成,且該疏水疏油層係由以水解性含氟化合物之硬化物為主成分之膜厚0.5~30nm的層所構成,該疏水疏油層之外表面的表面電阻值為1.0×1011
Ω/□以下。
[2]
如[1]之疏水疏油構件,其中分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為四烷氧基矽烷之水解・部分縮合物。
[3]
如[1]或[2]之疏水疏油構件,其中水解性含氟化合物係於至少1個分子鏈末端具有至少1個水解性矽烷基,且具有-Cj
F2j
O-(j為1以上之整數)所示之重複單元多個鍵結而成的二價直鏈狀全氟氧伸烷基聚合物殘基之含有氟氧伸烷基之水解性有機矽化合物。
[4]
如[3]之疏水疏油構件,其中水解性矽烷基為選自具有碳數1~12之烷氧基、碳數2~12之烷氧烷氧基、碳數1~10之醯氧基、碳數2~10之烯氧基、鹵基或胺基之矽烷基及矽氮烷基的基。
[5]
如[3]或[4]之疏水疏油構件,其中二價直鏈狀全氟氧伸烷基聚合物殘基為-(CF2
)d
-O-(CF2
O)p
(CF2
CF2
O)q
(CF2
CF2
CF2
O)r
(CF2
CF2
CF2
CF2
O)s
(CF(CF3
)CF2
O)t
-(CF2
)d
-(式中,p、q、r、s、t各自獨立為0~200之整數,且p+q+r+s+t=3~500,附加p、q、r、s、t之括弧內所示之各重複單元可隨機地鍵結,d獨立為0~8之整數,該單元可為直鏈狀或分支狀)所示之基。
[6]
如[1]~[5]中任一項之疏水疏油構件,其中水解性含氟化合物為選自下述通式(1)~(5)所示之含氟水解性有機矽化合物的至少1種;
(A-Rf)α
ZWβ
(1)
Rf-(ZWβ
)2
(2)
Z’-(Rf-ZWβ
)γ
(3)
[式中,Rf獨立為-(CF2
)d
-O-(CF2
O)p
(CF2
CF2
O)q
(CF2
CF2
CF2
O)r
(CF2
CF2
CF2
CF2
O)s
(CF(CF3
)CF2
O)t
-(CF2
)d
-所示之二價直鏈狀全氟氧伸烷基聚合物殘基,p、q、r、s、t各自獨立為0~200之整數,且p+q+r+s+t=3~500,附加有p、q、r、s、t之括弧內所示之各重複單元可隨機地鍵結,d獨立為0~8之整數,該單元可為直鏈狀或分支狀;A獨立為氟原子、氫原子,或末端為-CF3
基、-CF2
H基或者-CH2
F基之一價含氟基,Z、Z’獨立為單鍵或可包含氮原子、氧原子、矽原子、磷原子或者硫原子,且可經氟取代之二~八價有機基,W獨立為末端具有水解性基之一價有機基;α、β各自獨立為1~7之整數,且α+β=2~8之整數;γ為2~8之整數]
A-Rf-Q-(Y)δ
-B (4)
Rf-(Q-(Y)δ
-B)2
(5)
(式中,Rf、A係與前述相同,Q獨立為單鍵或二價有機基,δ各自獨立為1~10之整數,Y獨立為具有水解性基之二價有機基,B獨立為氫原子、碳數1~4之烷基或鹵素原子)。
[7]
如[6]之疏水疏油構件,其中含氟水解性有機矽化合物為下述所示者:
(式中,Me為甲基,p1、q1、r1、s1、t1各自獨立為1~200之整數,且p1、q1、r1、s1、t1之合計為3~500,附加p1、q1、r1、s1、t1之括弧內所示之各重複單元可隨機地鍵結)。
[8]
如[1]~[7]中任一項之疏水疏油構件,其中基材為樹脂、陶瓷、石英、玻璃、藍寶石或鑽石。
[9]
一種如[1]~[8]中任一項之疏水疏油構件之製造方法,其包含:在基材之至少單側的表面上濕式塗佈包含分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物與溶劑的溶液之步驟;使該溶劑乾燥而於前述基材之至少單側的表面上形成・層合底塗層之步驟;於該底塗層的外表面上濕式塗佈包含水解性含氟化合物與溶劑的溶液後,使該溶劑乾燥,或者乾式塗佈由該溶液使溶劑蒸發而得的水解性含氟化合物之步驟;及使該水解性含氟化合物硬化而於底塗層的外表面上形成・層合疏水疏油層之步驟。
此外,本發明中所稱「直鏈狀全氟氧伸烷基聚合物殘基」,係指構成主鏈之全氟氧伸烷基結構的二價氟氧伸烷基重複單元彼此以直鏈狀連結者;各個二價氟氧伸烷基單元其本身亦可為例如-[CF2
CF(CF3
)O]-等具有分支結構的氟氧伸烷基單元。
[發明之效果]
根據本發明,可形成兼具抗靜電性與疏水疏油表面的疏水疏油構件。該疏水疏油構件之製造方法不需要真空製程或高溫之加熱製程,能以濕式(毛刷塗佈、旋轉塗佈、噴霧塗裝、凹版塗佈、模塗佈、棒塗佈、狹縫塗佈)製程形成,可應用於各種用途,尤其適用於要求抗靜電性與防汙性的用途。特別有用於例如因電子設備之殼體、穿戴式終端、眼鏡鏡片、觸控面板顯示器、保護膜、保護玻璃、半導體製品製造用之石英玻璃等的帶電而導致機能降低之製品、塵埃等因靜電而附著而導致辨識性變差、厭劃傷製品、因指紋或油、水等附著而損及辨識性或美觀性之製品。
[實施發明之形態]
以下,就本發明更詳細地加以說明。
本發明之疏水疏油構件為在基材之至少單側的表面上具有作為第1層之底塗層,並進一步於該底塗層的外表面上具有作為第2層之疏水疏油層而成的疏水疏油構件,其中,該底塗層係由以分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為主成分之膜厚30~500nm的層所構成,且該疏水疏油層係由以水解性含氟化合物之硬化物為主成分之膜厚0.5~30nm的層所構成,該疏水疏油層之外表面的表面電阻值為1.0×1011
Ω/□以下。
本發明係例如藉由在各種基材的表面(至少單側的表面)上濕式塗佈包含分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物與溶劑的溶液後,使該溶劑乾燥而於前述基材之至少單側的表面上形成・層合底塗層(第1層),並進一步於該底塗層的外表面上濕式塗佈包含水解性含氟化合物與溶劑的溶液(疏水疏油劑)後,使該溶劑乾燥,或者乾式塗佈由該溶液(疏水疏油劑)使溶劑蒸發而得的水解性含氟化合物,並且使該水解性含氟化合物硬化而於底塗層的外表面上形成・層合疏水疏油層(第2層)的方法等,而獲得在各種基材的表面上具有以分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為主成分之膜厚30~500nm的底塗層(第1層),並進一步於該表面上具有以水解性含氟化合物之硬化物為主成分之膜厚0.5~30nm,且外表面的表面電阻值為1.0×1011
Ω/□以下之疏水疏油層(第2層)的疏水疏油構件者。
作為本發明中適用之基材,不特別限制,特佳為樹脂、陶瓷、石英、玻璃、藍寶石、鑽石。
於此,作為基材之樹脂,可舉出熱塑性樹脂或熱硬化性樹脂,具體而言宜為以下者。可舉出賽璐璐、纖維素乙酸酯、纖維素丙酸酯、纖維素丁酸酯、6-尼龍、6,6-尼龍、12-尼龍等脂肪族聚醯胺、芳香族聚醯胺、ABS樹脂、AS樹脂、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯(低密度或高密度)、聚丙烯等聚烯烴、聚氯乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚乙烯醇、聚縮醛、聚碳酸酯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯等飽和聚酯、芳香族聚酯、聚醚酮、聚醚醚酮、聚碸、聚醚碸、聚醚醯亞胺、聚芳酯、聚甲基戊烯、離子聚合物、液晶聚合物、聚醯亞胺、聚醯胺醯亞胺、氟樹脂、聚苯硫醚、(改性)聚苯醚、熱塑性聚胺基甲酸酯等熱塑性樹脂,或者環氧樹脂、不飽和聚酯、熱硬化性聚胺基甲酸酯、聚醯亞胺、二乙二醇雙碳酸烯丙酯(通稱CR-39)之聚合物、(鹵化)雙酚A之二(甲基)丙烯酸酯之(共)聚合物、(鹵化)雙酚A之胺基甲酸酯改性二(甲基)丙烯酸酯之(共)聚合物、二丙烯酸酯化合物或乙烯基苯甲醇與不飽和硫醇化合物等之共聚物等熱硬化性樹脂。
又,作為陶瓷,可舉出氧化鋁、氧化鋯、氮化矽、氮化鋁、碳化矽、鈦酸鋇、鋯石、莫來石、塊滑石、鎂橄欖石、鈦酸鋯酸鉛、肥粒鐵、堇青石等;作為玻璃,可舉出鈉玻璃、鋁矽酸鹽玻璃、硼矽酸玻璃、冕玻璃、Tempax、Pyrex、Neoceram、石英玻璃等,但不限定於此等。此外,玻璃亦可經化學強化處理或物理強化處理。
形成・層合於上述基材之至少單側的表面上之底塗層(第1層)係以分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為主成分,較佳為含有50質量%以上的該有機矽化合物且膜厚為0.5~500nm者。該底塗層可例如藉由在各種基材的表面上濕式塗佈包含分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物與溶劑的溶液後,再乾燥去除該溶劑而形成(層合)。
分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為1分子中較佳具有2個以上,更佳具有3個以上,再更佳具有4個以上矽醇基者。分子中的矽醇基數過少的話,有時無法降低層合於該底塗層(第1層)的外表面上之疏水疏油層(第2層)之外表面的表面電阻值。此外,分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物中的矽醇基量係以0.002~0.042mol/g,特別是0.004~0.035mol/g,尤其是0.005~0.030mol/g為佳。
分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物可藉由將分子中具有多個甲氧基、乙氧基等烷氧基、氯原子等鹵素原子等之水解性基之有機矽化合物水解・部分縮合而得。
於此,作為分子中具有多個水解性基之有機矽化合物,可舉出甲基三甲氧基矽烷、二甲基二甲氧基矽烷、苯基三甲氧基矽烷、二甲氧基二苯基矽烷、四甲氧基矽烷、四乙氧基矽烷、甲基三乙氧基矽烷、二甲基二乙氧基矽烷、苯基三乙氧基矽烷、正丙基三甲氧基矽烷、正丙基三乙氧基矽烷、己基三甲氧基矽烷、己基三乙氧基矽烷、癸基三甲氧基矽烷、1,6-雙(三甲氧基矽烷基)己烷、三氟丙基三甲氧基矽烷、乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷、乙烯基三乙氧基矽烷、2-(3,4-環氧環己基)乙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-環氧丙氧基丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、3-環氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-環氧丙氧基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、對苯乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷、3-甲基丙烯醯氧丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、3-甲基丙烯醯氧丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-甲基丙烯醯氧丙基甲基二乙氧基矽烷、3-甲基丙烯醯氧丙基三乙氧基矽烷、3-丙烯醯氧丙基三甲氧基矽烷、參-(三甲氧基矽烷基丙基)異三聚氰酸酯、三氯矽烷、二氯矽烷等,可混合此等的2種以上來使用。
此外,於本發明中,作為分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物,較佳使用將上述分子中具有多個水解性基之有機矽烷等的有機矽化合物水解後,使其進行部分脫水縮合而達高分子量者(部分縮合物)。此外,本發明中所稱部分縮合物,係指將上述分子中具有多個水解性基之有機矽烷等的有機矽化合物水解而成的分子中具有多個矽醇基(鍵結於矽原子之羥基)之有機矽烷經部分脫水縮合而得之分子中具有多個殘留矽醇基的有機聚矽氧烷化合物。
上述分子中具有多個水解性基之有機矽化合物的水解・部分縮合物(分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物)其重量平均分子量較佳為300~100,000,更佳為5,000~50,000。此外,本發明中,重量平均分子量能以例如以甲苯作為展開溶劑之凝膠滲透層析(GPC)分析的聚苯乙烯換算值求得(下同)。
就本發明所使用之分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物,特佳為四甲氧基矽烷、四乙氧基矽烷等四有機矽烷的水解・部分縮合物。
分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物係以使用溶劑加以稀釋為宜。作為供溶解分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物的溶劑,較佳為甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、丁醇等醇類、丙二醇單甲醚或聚乙二醇單丙醚等醚類,惟不特別限定,只要基於與基材的潤濕性或沸點而適宜選擇即可。包含分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物與溶劑的溶液中之分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物的濃度較佳為0.01~10質量%,更佳為0.6~4質量%。濃度過低的話,未塗敷部分會增加;濃度過高的話,則矽醇基彼此可能發生二次凝聚。
又,包含分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物與溶劑的溶液中,亦可視需求使用紫外線吸收劑、光安定劑、抗氧化劑、調平劑、消泡劑、顏料、染料、分散劑、抗靜電劑、防霧劑等界面活性劑類之成分。此外,此等較佳以去除溶劑後所得之底塗層中的分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物達50質量%以上(50~100質量%),尤為80~100質量%(即上述任意成分取50質量%以下(0~50質量%),較佳為0~20質量%)的範圍添加。
上述包含分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物與溶劑的溶液可藉由濕式塗佈,尤為浸漬、毛刷塗佈、旋轉塗佈、噴霧塗裝、凹版塗佈、模塗佈、棒塗佈、狹縫塗佈、流動塗佈等方法塗佈於基材表面,並使溶劑乾燥而形成以分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為主成分的底塗層。溶劑的乾燥可於室溫(25℃±10℃)下進行1~24小時左右,亦可在不對基材造成影響的溫度範圍內以例如40~150℃加熱30秒~24小時左右。
形成・層合於基材之至少單側的表面上之底塗層(第1層)的膜厚係隨基材的種類而適宜選定,通常為30~500nm,較佳為30~400nm,尤為30~250nm。此外,於本發明中,膜厚可藉由光譜式橢圓偏光儀、X射線反射率法或螢光X射線膜厚測定法等周知之方法來測定(下同)。
其次,形成・層合於上述底塗層的外表面上之疏水疏油層(第2層)係由以水解性含氟化合物之硬化物為主成分之膜厚0.5~30nm的層所構成者。
該疏水疏油層可例如藉由在形成之底塗層(第1層)的外表面上塗佈包含水解性含氟化合物與溶劑的溶液(疏水疏油劑)並使其硬化而形成・層合。
作為該水解性含氟化合物,可使用日本特開2007-197425號公報(美國專利公開公報第2007/ 149746A1)、日本特開2007-297589號公報(美國專利公開公報第2007/7197758A1)、日本特開2007-297543號公報、日本特開2008-088412號公報(美國專利公開公報第2008/071042A1)、日本特開2008-144144號公報、日本特開2010-031184號公報(美國專利公開公報第2010/029889A1)、日本特開2010-047516號公報(美國專利公開公報第2010/076211A1)、日本特開2011-116947號公報(美國專利公開公報第2011/098402A1)、日本特開2011-178835號公報、日本特開2014-084405號公報(美國專利公開公報第2014/113145A1)、日本特開2014-105235號公報(美國專利公開公報第2014/147680A1)、日本特開2013-253228號公報、日本特開2014-218639號公報(美國專利公開公報第2015/307719A1)、國際公開第2013/121984號(美國專利公開公報第2014/302332A1)(專利文獻1、4~16)所記載之水解性含氟有機矽化合物等。
茲就水解性含氟有機矽化合物更具體地加以說明。
本發明之水解性含氟化合物較佳為在至少1個,較佳為1~14個,更佳為1~7個分子鏈末端,分別具有至少1個,較佳為1~6個,更佳為2~4個水解性矽烷基(例如1分子中具有至少1個,較佳為2~60個,更佳為3~30個水解性矽烷基)的水解性含氟化合物,該化合物更佳為於1分子中具有選自具有甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基等碳數1~12,尤為碳數1~10之烷氧基、甲氧甲氧基、甲氧乙氧基等碳數2~12,尤為碳數2~10之烷氧烷氧基、乙醯氧基等碳數1~10之醯氧基、異丙烯氧基等碳數2~10之烯氧基、氯基、溴基、碘基等鹵基或胺基之矽烷基及矽氮烷基等的水解性基且具有氟原子的有機矽化合物。
作為該水解性含氟化合物,較佳以分子中具有氟氧伸烷基(即一價或二價全氟聚醚殘基)之化合物為宜。氟氧伸烷基係指具有-Cj
F2j
O-所示之重複單元多個鍵結而成之(聚)氟氧伸烷基結構(二價直鏈狀全氟氧伸烷基聚合物殘基)的化合物(該結構中j為1以上,較佳為1~6,更佳為1~4之整數)。尤以具有3~500個,較佳為15~200個,更佳為20~100個,再更佳為25~80個該重複單元為宜。
上述重複單元-Cj
F2j
O-可為直鏈型及分支型任一種。可舉出例如下述之單元,此等重複單元的2種以上可鍵結而成。
上述(聚)氟氧伸烷基結構(二價直鏈狀全氟氧伸烷基聚合物殘基),尤為-(CF2
)d
-O-(CF2
O)p
(CF2
CF2
O)q
(CF2
CF2
CF2
O)r
(CF2
CF2
CF2
CF2
O)s
(CF(CF3
)CF2
O)t
-(CF2
)d
-,p、q、r、s、t各自獨立為0~200之整數,較佳的是p為5~100之整數,q為5~100之整數,r為0~100之整數,s為0~50之整數,t為0~100之整數,且p+q+r+s+t=3~500之整數,較佳為10~105之整數。此外,附加p、q、r、s、t之括弧內所示之各重複單元可隨機地鍵結。d獨立為0~8之整數,較佳為0~5之整數,更佳為0~2之整數,該單元可為直鏈狀或分支狀。尤其能以下述結構表示:
(式中,p’、q’、r’、s’、t’各自獨立為1~200之整數,且p’、q’、r’、s’、t’之合計為3~500。附加p’、q’、r’、s’、t’之括弧內所示之各重複單元可隨機地鍵結。d’獨立為0~5之整數,該單元可為直鏈狀或分支狀)。
本發明之水解性含氟化合物更佳為下述通式(1)~(5)之任一者所示之含氟水解性有機矽化合物(含有氟之水解性有機矽化合物)。此等可單獨使用1種,亦可併用2種以上。
(A-Rf)α
ZWβ
(1)
Rf-(ZWβ
)2
(2)
Z’-(Rf-ZWβ
)γ
(3)
A-Rf-Q-(Y)δ
-B (4)
Rf-(Q-(Y)δ
-B)2
(5)
式(1)~(5)中,Rf獨立為-(CF2
)d
-O-(CF2
O)p
(CF2
CF2
O)q
(CF2
CF2
CF2
O)r
(CF2
CF2
CF2
CF2
O)s
(CF(CF3
)CF2
O)t
-(CF2
)d
-所示之二價直鏈狀全氟氧伸烷基聚合物殘基,p、q、r、s、t各自獨立為0~200之整數,且p+q+r+s+t=3~500,附加p、q、r、s、t之括弧內所示之各重複單元可隨機地鍵結,d獨立為0~8之整數,該單元可為直鏈狀或分支狀。A獨立為氟原子、氫原子,或末端為 -CF3
基、-CF2
H基或者-CH2
F基之一價含氟基,Z、Z’獨立為單鍵或可包含氮原子、氧原子、矽原子、磷原子或者硫原子,且可經氟取代之二~八價有機基,W獨立為末端具有水解性基之一價有機基。α、β各自獨立為1~7之整數,較佳的是α為1~3之整數,更佳為1,β為1~3之整數,且α+β=2~8之整數,較佳為2~4之整數。γ為2~8之整數,較佳為2或3。
又,Q獨立為單鍵或二價有機基,δ各自獨立為1~10之整數,Y獨立為具有水解性基之二價有機基,B獨立為氫原子、碳數1~4之烷基或鹵素原子。
上述式(1)~(5)中,Rf為上述(聚)氟氧伸烷基結構(二價直鏈狀全氟氧伸烷基聚合物殘基)之-(CF2
)d
-O-(CF2
O)p
(CF2
CF2
O)q
(CF2
CF2
CF2
O)r
(CF2
CF2
CF2
CF2
O)s
(CF(CF3
)CF2
O)t
-(CF2
)d
-,可例示與上述相同者。
上述式(1)及(4)中,A獨立為氟原子、氫原子,或末端為-CF3
基、-CF2
H基或者-CH2
F基之一價含氟基。作為末端為-CF3
基、-CF2
H基或者-CH2
F基之一價含氟基,具體而言可例示-CF3
基、-CF2
CF3
基、-CF2
CF2
CF3
基、-CH2
CF(CF3
)-OC3
F7
基、-CH2
OCF2
CFH-OC3
F7
基等。作為A,其中,較佳為-CF3
基、-CF2
CF3
基、-CF2
CF2
CF3
基、-CH2
OCF2
CFH-OC3
F7
基。
上述式(1)~(3)中,Z、Z’獨立為單鍵或可包含氮原子、氧原子、矽原子、磷原子或者硫原子,且可經氟取代之二~八價有機基。該有機基能以(L)e
-M(e為1~7之整數,較佳為1~3之整數)表示。
於此,L為單鍵或氧原子、硫原子,或者二價有機基,上述式(1)~(3)中,Z之L皆為Rf基與M基(或W基)之連結基,Z’之L為M(或Rf基)與Rf基之連結基。作為二價有機基,較佳為可包含選自由醯胺鍵、醚鍵、羰基鍵、酯鍵或二甲基亞矽烷基等二有機亞矽烷基、 -Si[OH][(CH2
)f
Si(CH3
)3
]-(f為2~4之整數)所示之基所成群組的1種或2種以上之未取代或經取代之碳數2~12之二價有機基,更佳為可包含前述結構之未取代或經取代之碳數2~12之二價烴基。
作為前述未取代或經取代之碳數2~12之二價烴基,可舉出例如伸乙基、伸丙基(伸三甲基、甲基伸乙基)、伸丁基(伸四甲基、甲基伸丙基)、伸己基、伸八甲基等伸烷基、伸苯基等伸芳基,或此等基之2種以上之組合(伸烷基・伸芳基等)。再者,亦可為將鍵結於此等基的碳原子之氫原子的一部分或全部以氟、碘等鹵素原子取代的基。其中,較佳為未取代或經取代之碳數2~4之伸烷基或伸苯基。
作為L之二價有機基,可舉出例如下述結構所示之基或此等2種以上鍵結而成之基。
(式中,f為2~4之整數,b為2~6之整數,較佳為2~4之整數,u、v為1~4之整數,g為2~4之整數,Me為甲基)。
此外,M為單鍵或氮原子、矽原子、碳原子、磷原子或者包含此等之基,或者二~八價(上述(e+1)價)有機基。具體而言為選自單鍵、-R1 2
C-所示之二價基、-R3 2
Si-所示之二價基、-NR4
-所示之二價基、-N=所示之三價基、-P=所示之三價基、-PO=所示之三價基、-R1
C=所示之三價基、 -R3
Si=所示之三價基、-C≡所示之四價基、-O-C≡所示之四價基及-Si≡所示之四價基的基,或二~八價矽氧烷殘基,上述式(1)~(3)中,Z之M皆為L(或Rf基)與W基之連結基,Z’之M為經由L而與Rf基連結(或連結Rf基彼此)之基。
上述中,R1
彼此獨立地較佳為具有可中介存在碳數1~3之烷基、羥基、矽原子數2~51個二有機矽氧烷結構的碳數1~3之氧伸烷基之重複單元的基,或R2 3
SiO-所示之矽醚基,R2
彼此獨立為氫原子,較佳為碳數1~3之烷基、苯基等芳基,或碳數1~3之烷氧基。R3
彼此獨立地較佳為碳數1~3之烷基、碳數2或3之烯基、碳數1~3之烷氧基,或氯基。R4
為碳數1~3之烷基、苯基等碳數6~10之芳基。當M為矽氧烷殘基時,較佳具有矽原子數2~51個,較佳為矽原子數2~13個,更佳為矽原子數2~11個,再更佳為矽原子數2~5個的直鏈狀、分支狀或環狀有機聚矽氧烷結構。該有機聚矽氧烷宜為具有碳數1~8,更佳為碳數1~4之甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基及C3
F7
-C3
H6
-等未取代或者氟取代烷基或苯基者。又,亦可包含2個矽原子以伸烷基鍵結之矽伸烷基結構,即Si-(CH2
)n
-Si。前述式中n為2~6之整數,較佳為2~4之整數。
作為此種M,可舉出下述所示者:
(式中,i為1~20之整數,c為1~50之整數,Me為甲基)。
上述式(1)~(3)中,W獨立為末端具有水解性基之一價有機基,較佳為以下述式表示:
(式中,R為碳數1~4之烷基或苯基,X獨立為水解性基,a為2或3,m為0~10之整數)。
上述式中,作為X之水解性基,可舉出甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基等碳數1~12,尤為碳數1~10之烷氧基、甲氧甲氧基、甲氧乙氧基等碳數2~12,尤為碳數2~10之烷氧烷氧基、乙醯氧基等碳數1~10之醯氧基、異丙烯氧基等碳數2~10之烯氧基、氯基、溴基、碘基等鹵基、胺基等。其中較佳為甲氧基及乙氧基。
又,R為碳數1~4之甲基、乙基等烷基或苯基,其中較佳為甲基。
a為2或3,基於反應性、對基材的密接性之觀點,較佳為3。m為0~10之整數,較佳為2~8之整數,更佳為2或3。
式(1)~(3)中,作為(-)α
ZWβ
、-ZWβ
所示之結構,可舉出下述結構:
(式中,L、R、X、f、c及a諸如上述,m1為0~10之整數,較佳為2~8之整數,m2為1~10之整數,較佳為2~8之整數,Me為甲基)。
上述式(4)及(5)中,Q獨立為單鍵或二價有機基,係Rf基與Y基之連結基。作為該Q之二價有機基,較佳為可包含選自由醯胺鍵、醚鍵、酯鍵或二甲基亞矽烷基等二有機亞矽烷基、-Si[OH][(CH2
)f
Si(CH3
)3
]-(f為2~4之整數)所示之基所成群組的1種或2種以上之未取代或經取代之碳數2~12之二價有機基,更佳為可包含前述結構之未取代或經取代之碳數2~12之二價烴基。
作為前述未取代或經取代之碳數2~12之二價烴基,可例示與上述L所例示之未取代或經取代之碳數2~12之二價烴基相同者。
作為Q之二價有機基,可舉出例如下述結構所示之基:
【化51】
(式中,f為2~4之整數,b為2~6之整數,較佳為2~4之整數,u、v為1~4之整數,g為2~4之整數,Me為甲基)。
上述式(4)及(5)中,Y彼此獨立為具有水解性基之二價有機基,較佳為下述式所示之結構者:
(式中,R、X及a諸如上述。k為0~10之整數,較佳為1~10之整數,更佳為2~8之整數。h為1~6之整數,較佳為1或2,M’為未取代或經取代之三~八價,較佳為三價或四價烴基,該烴基中之碳原子的一部分或全部可經矽原子取代,且鍵結於該碳原子之氫原子的一部分或全部可經氟原子等鹵素原子取代)。
作為M’,較佳為下述結構所示之基:
(上述中,M1
為單鍵、碳數1~6之未取代或者經取代之二價烴基或二甲基亞矽烷基等二有機亞矽烷基,M2
為 -R1
C=所示之三價基或-R3
Si=所示之三價基,R1
、R3
係與上述相同。R5
為氫原子或碳數1~6之甲基、乙基、丙基等烷基等之一價烴基)。
作為M1
,可例示單鍵、伸苯基、二甲基亞矽烷基、伸四氟乙基等。又,作為M2
,可舉出下述所示者:
(式中,Me為甲基)。
作為此種Y,可舉出例如下述基:
(式中,X係與上述相同,k1為0~10之整數,較佳為1~8之整數,k2為2~10之整數,較佳為2~8之整數,Me為甲基)。
上述式(4)及(5)中,δ各自獨立為1~10之整數,較佳為1~4之整數。
又,B彼此獨立為氫原子、碳數1~4之甲基、乙基、丙基及丁基等烷基,或氟原子、氯原子、溴原子及碘原子等鹵素原子。
作為上述式(1)~(5)所示之含氟水解性有機矽化合物(含有氟之水解性有機矽化合物),可舉出例如下述結構:
(式中,Me為甲基,p1、q1、r1、s1、t1各自獨立為1~200之整數,且p1、q1、r1、s1、t1之合計為3~500,附加p1、q1、r1、s1、t1之括弧內所示之各重複單元可隨機地鍵結)。
此外,本發明之通式(1)~(5)所示之含氟水解性有機矽化合物(含有氟之水解性有機矽化合物)可包含上述水解性基(X)的一部分或全部經水解的化合物(X為OH基之化合物),亦可包含此等OH基的一部分或全部經縮合的化合物。
上述水解性含氟化合物係以預先藉由溶劑稀釋為宜;就此種溶劑而言,只要是可使上述水解性含氟化合物均勻地溶解者則不特別限定。可舉出例如氟改性脂肪族烴系溶劑(全氟庚烷、全氟辛烷等)、氟改性芳香族烴系溶劑(1,3-三氟甲基苯等)、氟改性醚系溶劑(甲基全氟丁基醚、乙基全氟丁基醚、全氟(2-丁基四氫呋喃)等)、氟改性烷基胺系溶劑(全氟三丁胺、全氟三戊胺等)、烴系溶劑(石油精、甲苯、二甲苯等)、酮系溶劑(丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基異丁基酮等)。此等當中,由溶解性及穩定性等而言,宜為經氟改性之溶劑,尤以氟改性醚系溶劑、氟改性芳香族烴系溶劑為佳。上述溶劑可單獨使用1種或混合2種以上使用。
溶劑較佳以疏水疏油劑(包含水解性含氟化合物與溶劑的溶液)中之水解性含氟化合物為0.01~50質量%,較佳為0.03~10質量%,更佳為0.05~1質量%的方式含有。
含有上述水解性含氟化合物之疏水疏油劑可藉由濕式塗敷法(浸漬法、毛刷塗佈、旋轉塗佈、噴霧、凹版塗佈、模塗佈、棒塗佈、狹縫塗佈)、蒸鍍法等周知之方法施用於基材。塗敷條件等只要依循向來周知之方法即可;由以濕式塗敷法(濕式法)塗敷、形成底塗層而言,含有水解性含氟化合物之疏水疏油劑亦以濕式塗敷法(濕式法)塗敷係較為有效。
水解性含氟化合物可於室溫(25℃)下以1~24小時使其硬化;而為了以更短時間使其硬化,亦能以30~200℃加熱1分鐘~1小時。以促進水解方面而言,硬化係以在加濕下(50~90%RH)進行為佳。
此外,於塗敷含有水解性含氟化合物之疏水疏油劑前,亦可對基材上的底塗層表面實施電漿處理、UV處理、臭氧處理等的洗淨或使表面活化之處理。
本發明之疏水疏油構件的氟層(疏水疏油層)的膜厚為0.5~30nm,較佳為1~30nm,更佳為8~25nm。其膜厚過厚的話,疏水疏油層之外表面的表面電阻值會上升;過薄的話則表面特性、耐磨耗性不足。
如此所得之本發明之疏水疏油構件中,該疏水疏油層之外表面的表面電阻值為1.0×1011
Ω/□以下,較佳為1.0×1011
~1.0×107
Ω/□,更佳為9.8×1010
~1.0×108
Ω/□。疏水疏油層之外表面的表面電阻值過大的話,有機EL等電子裝置常會引起作動不良,而且會因塵埃等的附著導致表面的辨識性變差,而損及光學特性或質感。再者,表面容易弄髒。於本發明中,表面電阻值可藉由市售之電阻率計,例如Mitsubishi Chemical Analytech公司製Hiresta UX MCP-HT800來測定。此外,為使上述疏水疏油層之外表面的表面電阻值達上述範圍,作為第1層之以分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為主成分之底塗層的膜厚需採30~500nm,而且形成於該底塗層的外表面上之作為第2層之以水解性含氟化合物之硬化物為主成分之疏水疏油層的膜厚需採0.5~30nm。
作為如此所得之本發明之疏水疏油構件,可舉出汽車導航、平板電腦、智慧型手機、數位相機、數位視訊攝影機、PDA、攜帶型音訊播放機、汽車音響、遊戲機等之殼體、攝影機鏡頭、眼鏡鏡片、太陽眼鏡、AR鏡片、VR鏡片等的鏡片、內視鏡、手術刀、血壓計、X光CT、MRI等醫療用設備、液晶顯示器、有機EL顯示器、可撓性裝置等的觸控面板表面、保護膜、抗反射膜、光碟、DVD、藍光光碟等光學物品、汽車、電車、航空器等的窗玻璃、頭燈蓋、頭燈透鏡等、外壁用建材、廚房用建材、候車室、美術品、運輸用設備之機體、鏡子、毫米波感測器用罩蓋等。
[實施例]
以下示出實施例及比較例對本發明具體地加以說明,惟本發明不受此所限定。此外,下述各例中,底塗層的膜厚為藉由螢光X射線膜厚測定法所測得的值,Me表示甲基。
[實施例1~8及比較例1~5]
如下述所示,製作具有基材、底塗層及疏水疏油層之疏水疏油材的試驗體。
[基材]
聚碳酸酯基材(Engineering Test Service股份有限公司製CARBOGLASS POLISH,厚2mm、寬50mm、長100mm之試片基板)
[底塗層的形成]
以下述所示方法分別將底塗層形成於上述基材上。
[底塗層1的形成]
使用將四乙氧基矽烷之水解・部分縮合物(重量平均分子量:25,000、矽醇基量:0.015mol/g)以丁醇稀釋成固含量0.5質量%的處理液浸漬塗敷(將基材浸漬於處理液60秒後,以150mm/min往上提)於上述基材後,於室溫(25℃)下乾燥1小時,而於上述基材的外表面上形成19nm的底塗層1。
[底塗層2的形成]
使用將四乙氧基矽烷之水解・部分縮合物(重量平均分子量:25,000、矽醇基量:0.015mol/g)以丁醇稀釋成固含量0.78質量%的處理液浸漬塗敷(將基材浸漬於處理液60秒後,以150mm/min往上提)於上述基材後,於室溫(25℃)下乾燥1小時,而於上述基材的外表面上形成30nm的底塗層2。
[底塗層3的形成]
使用將四乙氧基矽烷之水解・部分縮合物(重量平均分子量:25,000、矽醇基量:0.015mol/g)以丁醇稀釋成固含量0.98質量%的處理液浸漬塗敷(將基材浸漬於處理液60秒後,以150mm/min往上提)於上述基材後,於室溫(25℃)下乾燥1小時,而於上述基材的外表面上形成42nm的底塗層3。
[底塗層4的形成]
使用將四乙氧基矽烷之水解・部分縮合物(重量平均分子量:25,000、矽醇基量:0.015mol/g)以丁醇稀釋成固含量1.5質量%的處理液浸漬塗敷(將基材浸漬於處理液60秒後,以150mm/min往上提)於上述基材後,於室溫(25℃)下乾燥1小時,而於上述基材的外表面上形成58nm的底塗層4。
[底塗層5的形成]
使用將四乙氧基矽烷之水解・部分縮合物(重量平均分子量:25,000、矽醇基量:0.015mol/g)以丁醇稀釋成固含量2.0質量%的處理液浸漬塗敷(將基材浸漬於處理液60秒後,以150mm/min往上提)於上述基材後,於室溫(25℃)下乾燥1小時,而於上述基材的外表面上形成91nm的底塗層5。
[底塗層6的形成]
使用將四乙氧基矽烷之水解・部分縮合物(重量平均分子量:25,000、矽醇基量:0.015mol/g)以丁醇稀釋成固含量3.0質量%的處理液浸漬塗敷(將基材浸漬於處理液60秒後,以150mm/min往上提)於上述基材後,於室溫(25℃)下乾燥1小時,而於上述基材的外表面上形成148nm的底塗層6。
[底塗層7的形成]
使用將四乙氧基矽烷之水解・部分縮合物(重量平均分子量:25,000、矽醇基量:0.015mol/g)以丁醇稀釋成固含量4.0質量%的處理液浸漬塗敷(將基材浸漬於處理液60秒後,以150mm/min往上提)於上述基材後,於室溫(25℃)下乾燥1小時,而於上述基材的外表面上形成210nm的底塗層7。
[底塗層8的形成]
使用將全氫聚矽氮烷以二丁醚稀釋成固含量2.0質量%的處理液浸漬塗敷於上述基材後,以80℃/80%RH進行硬化24小時,而於上述基材的外表面上形成厚度96nm的底塗層8。浸漬塗敷係將基材浸漬於處理液30秒後,以150mm/min往上提。
[底塗層9的形成]
於上述基材的外表面上以濺鍍法塗敷SiO2
層成100nm,而於上述基材的外表面上形成厚度100nm的底塗層9。
進而,基於下述方法在形成有上述底塗層1~9之基材的底塗層的外表面上形成・層合疏水疏油層。
[疏水疏油層的形成]
將下述所示化合物1以氟系溶劑(Novec7200(3M公司製,乙基全氟丁基醚))稀釋成固含量為0.1質量%後,以噴霧塗敷裝置(T&K股份有限公司製NST-51)噴霧塗敷於上述基材的底塗層上。其後,以80℃進行硬化30分鐘而形成硬化被膜(疏水疏油層),而製成試驗體。由根據螢光X射線裝置(Rigaku股份有限公司製ZSXmini2)之F檢測量所算出之疏水疏油層的平均膜厚為約10nm。
[化合物1]
(p1+q1=45、p1:q1=23:22)
此外,實施例1係使用形成有底塗層2、實施例2係使用形成有底塗層3、實施例3係使用形成有底塗層4、實施例4係使用形成有底塗層5、實施例5係使用形成有底塗層6、實施例6係使用形成有底塗層7、比較例1係使用形成有底塗層1、比較例2係使用形成有底塗層8、比較例3係使用形成有底塗層9的基材。又,比較例4則未形成底塗層,而是以上述方法直接將疏水疏油層形成於聚碳酸酯基材。使用上述所得之試驗體,根據以下方法進行各種評定。將此等結果示於表1。
[抗靜電性]
就抗靜電性的評定,係使用Mitsubishi Chemical Analytech公司製電阻率計(Hiresta UX MCP-HT800),依下述條件測定表面電阻值。
施加電壓:1,000V
[疏水疏油性]
使用接觸角計(DropMaster,協和界面科學公司製),測定硬化被膜(疏水疏油層)對水的接觸角及對油酸的接觸角。
[動摩擦係數]
使用新東科學公司製表面性試驗機,依下述條件測定硬化被膜(疏水疏油層)對Bemcot(旭化成公司製)的動摩擦係數。
接觸面積:10mm×30mm
荷重:100g
[皮脂汙垢擦拭性]
請7位官能檢查員將額頭的皮脂用手指轉印於硬化被膜(疏水疏油層)的表面,並根據下述評定基準評定以Bemcot(旭化成公司製)擦拭時的擦拭性。
A:2次以內即可完全拭除
B:3~5次以內可完全拭除
C:擦拭5次,有一部分無法拭除的部分殘留
D:擦拭5次仍幾乎無法拭除
由表1之結果可知,就實施例1~6,由於其疏水疏油性優良且疏水疏油層之外表面的表面電阻值較低,結果皮脂汙垢擦拭性優良,且不易帶電。就比較例1,由於底塗層的膜厚過薄,疏水疏油層之外表面的表面電阻值下降不完全,而成為容易帶電的表面。比較例2在二氧化矽膜之濕式塗敷中使用了代表性的全氫聚矽氮烷,與比較例4相比表面特性(疏水疏油性)較優良,但疏水疏油層之外表面的表面電阻值高到無法測定。就比較例3,在二氧化矽膜之乾式塗敷中使用了代表性的SiO2
濺鍍膜,與比較例4相比表面特性(疏水疏油性)較優良,但疏水疏油層之外表面的表面電阻值高到無法測定。就比較例4,未使用底塗層的結果,未能發揮充分的性能。
作為底塗層使用之有機矽化合物中的矽醇基,可藉由捕捉空氣中的水分而有助於降低表面電阻值;惟對其表面接枝氟聚合物時,仍未喪失其效果。因此,可形成兼具疏水疏油性與抗靜電性的膜。
其次,以與上述同樣的方式在形成有上述底塗層5之基材之底塗層的外表面上形成・層合厚疏水疏油層,並進行與上述同樣之評定的結果,為如下述表2之結果。
此外,實施例7係以20nm的厚度形成・層合疏水疏油層,實施例8係以30nm的厚度形成・層合疏水疏油層,比較例5係以50nm的厚度形成・層合疏水疏油層。
由表2之結果可知,若疏水疏油層過厚,則可確認疏水疏油層之外表面的表面電阻值上升(比較例5);要兼具疏水疏油性與抗靜電性,重要的是將疏水疏油層減薄至特定的膜厚範圍。
[產業上可利用性]
根據本發明,可僅以濕式塗敷,依室溫製程形成具有疏水疏油性優良且抗靜電性優異的硬化被膜(底塗層+疏水疏油層)之疏水疏油構件。再者,本發明為亦可對大面積進行塗敷之技術。因此,本發明之疏水疏油構件可作成以捲筒狀生產的機能性薄膜,對於電子設備之殼體或經常日常使用、接觸的物品,經過長時間仍可維持良好的防汙表面。
Claims (9)
- 一種疏水疏油構件,其為在基材之至少單側的表面上具有作為第1層之底塗層,並進一步於該底塗層的外表面上具有作為第2層之疏水疏油層而成的疏水疏油構件,其中,該底塗層係由以分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為主成分之膜厚30~500nm的層所構成,該分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為四烷氧基矽烷之水解‧部分縮合物,以甲苯作為展開溶劑之凝膠滲透層析分析的聚苯乙烯換算的重量平均分子量為5,000~100,000,且分子中的矽醇基量為0.002~0.042mol/g,並且該疏水疏油層係由以水解性含氟化合物之硬化物為主成分之膜厚0.5~30nm的層所構成,該疏水疏油層之外表面的表面電阻值為1.0×1011Ω/□以下。
- 如請求項1之疏水疏油構件,其中前述底塗層係由分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物所構成,該分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為四烷氧基矽烷之水解‧部分縮合物,以甲苯作為展開溶劑之凝膠滲透層析分析的聚苯乙烯換算的重量平均分子量為5,000~100,000,且分子中的矽醇基量為0.002~0.042mol/g。
- 如請求項1之疏水疏油構件,其中水解性含氟化合物 係於至少1個分子鏈末端具有至少1個水解性矽烷基,且具有-CjF2jO-(j為1以上之整數)所示之重複單元多個鍵結而成的二價直鏈狀全氟氧伸烷基聚合物殘基之含有氟氧伸烷基之水解性有機矽化合物。
- 如請求項3之疏水疏油構件,其中水解性矽烷基為選自具有碳數1~12之烷氧基、碳數2~12之烷氧烷氧基、碳數1~10之醯氧基、碳數2~10之烯氧基、鹵基或胺基之矽烷基及矽氮烷基的基。
- 如請求項3之疏水疏油構件,其中二價直鏈狀全氟氧伸烷基聚合物殘基為-(CF2)d-O-(CF2O)p(CF2CF2O)q(CF2CF2CF2O)r(CF2CF2CF2CF2O)s(CF(CF3)CF2O)t-(CF2)d-(式中,p、q、r、s、t各自獨立為0~200之整數,且p+q+r+s+t=3~500,附加p、q、r、s、t之括弧內所示之各重複單元可隨機地鍵結,d獨立為0~8之整數,該單元可為直鏈狀或分支狀)所示之基。
- 如請求項1~5中任一項之疏水疏油構件,其中水解性含氟化合物為選自下述通式(1)~(5)所示之含氟水解性有機矽化合物的至少1種;(A-Rf)αZWβ (1) Rf-(ZWβ)2 (2) Z’-(Rf-ZWβ)γ (3) [式中,Rf獨立為-(CF2)d-O-(CF2O)p(CF2CF2O)q(CF2CF2CF2O)r(CF2CF2CF2CF2O)s(CF(CF3)CF2O)t-(CF2)d-所示之二價直鏈狀全氟氧伸烷基聚合物殘基,p、q、r、s、t各自獨立為0~200之整數,且p+q+r+s+t=3~500,附加有p、q、r、s、t之括弧內所示之各重複單元可隨機地鍵結,d獨立為0~8之整數,該單元可為直鏈狀或分支狀;A獨立為氟原子、氫原子,或末端為-CF3基、-CF2H基或者-CH2F基之一價含氟基,Z、Z’獨立為單鍵或可包含氮原子、氧原子、矽原子、磷原子或者硫原子,且可經氟取代之二~八價有機基,W獨立為末端具有水解性基之一價有機基;α、β各自獨立為1~7之整數,且α+β=2~8之整數;γ為2~8之整數]A-Rf-Q-(Y)δ-B (4) Rf-(Q-(Y)δ-B)2 (5)(式中,Rf、A係與前述相同,Q獨立為單鍵或二價有機基,δ各自獨立為1~10之整數,Y獨立為具有水解性基之二價有機基,B獨立為氫原子、碳數1~4之烷基或鹵素原子)。
- 如請求項1之疏水疏油構件,其中基材為樹脂、陶瓷、石英、玻璃、藍寶石或鑽石。
- 一種如請求項1~8中任一項之疏水疏油構件之製造方法,其包含:在基材之至少單側的表面上濕式塗佈包含分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物與溶劑的溶液之步驟;使該溶劑乾燥而於前述基材之至少單側的表面上形成‧層合底塗層之步驟;於該底塗層的外表面上濕式塗佈 包含水解性含氟化合物與溶劑的溶液後,使該溶劑乾燥,或者乾式塗佈由該溶液使溶劑蒸發而得的水解性含氟化合物之步驟;及使該水解性含氟化合物硬化而於底塗層的外表面上形成‧層合疏水疏油層之步驟;其中該分子中具有多個矽醇基之有機矽化合物為四烷氧基矽烷之水解‧部分縮合物,以甲苯作為展開溶劑之凝膠滲透層析分析的聚苯乙烯換算的重量平均分子量為5,000~100,000,且分子中的矽醇基量為0.002~0.042mol/g。
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