TWI716387B - 層合玻璃用中間膜及層合玻璃 - Google Patents
層合玻璃用中間膜及層合玻璃 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI716387B TWI716387B TW105108001A TW105108001A TWI716387B TW I716387 B TWI716387 B TW I716387B TW 105108001 A TW105108001 A TW 105108001A TW 105108001 A TW105108001 A TW 105108001A TW I716387 B TWI716387 B TW I716387B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- laminated glass
- interlayer film
- glass
- laminated
- mol
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 67
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 57
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 50
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 45
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 26
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric aldehyde Natural products CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 21
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 125000004036 acetal group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 13
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 11
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentanal Chemical compound CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FRQDZJMEHSJOPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate) Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(CC)CCCC FRQDZJMEHSJOPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001422033 Thestylus Species 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- JARKCYVAAOWBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanal Chemical compound CCCCCC=O JARKCYVAAOWBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- JEYLQCXBYFQJRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-ethylbutanoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-ethylbutanoate Chemical compound CCC(CC)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(CC)CC JEYLQCXBYFQJRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropylaldehyde Chemical compound CC(C)C=O AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000021736 acetylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 2
- KSMVZQYAVGTKIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC=O KSMVZQYAVGTKIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYHFUZHODSMOHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=O GYHFUZHODSMOHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NUJGJRNETVAIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCC=O NUJGJRNETVAIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- LVHHWVSYKBDVEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-heptanoyloxyethoxy)ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCC LVHHWVSYKBDVEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNNGUFMVYQJGTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylbutanal Chemical compound CCC(CC)C=O UNNGUFMVYQJGTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OXQGTIUCKGYOAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylbutanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(CC)C(O)=O OXQGTIUCKGYOAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCDUWJFWXVRGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-heptanoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCC GCDUWJFWXVRGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSKNCQWPZQCABD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-heptanoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCC SSKNCQWPZQCABD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMRHEUVIDCMWHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylbutyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CC OMRHEUVIDCMWHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N caproic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCCCC(=O)OCC SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IGUBHVNRNHYEPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid;2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCC(O)=O.OCCOCCOCCO IGUBHVNRNHYEPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOADGALWHMAAKM-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;2-ethylbutanoate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCC(CC)C([O-])=O JOADGALWHMAAKM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10559—Shape of the cross-section
- B32B17/10577—Surface roughness
- B32B17/10587—Surface roughness created by embossing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10559—Shape of the cross-section
- B32B17/10577—Surface roughness
- B32B17/10596—Surface roughness created by melt fracture
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10972—Degassing during the lamination
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/22—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using plasticisers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/285—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyethers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
- B32B27/322—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
- B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
- B60J1/02—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor arranged at the vehicle front, e.g. structure of the glazing, mounting of the glazing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
- C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
- C03C27/10—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/406—Bright, glossy, shiny surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/538—Roughness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2329/00—Polyvinylalcohols, polyvinylethers, polyvinylaldehydes, polyvinylketones or polyvinylketals
- B32B2329/06—PVB, i.e. polyinylbutyral
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
本發明之目的在於提供一種即便利用夾輥(nip roll)法亦能夠發揮高脫氣性、能夠不產生氣泡而製造目視辨認性高之層合玻璃的層合玻璃用中間膜、及使用有該層合玻璃用中間膜之層合玻璃。
本發明為一種層合玻璃用中間膜，其於至少一表面具有大量凹部與大量凸部，上述凹部具有底部連續之槽形狀，鄰接之上述凹部平行且規則地並排，上述底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之底部之旋轉半徑R相對於上述底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之間隔Sm的比率(R/Sm×100)為15%以上。
Description
本發明提供一種即便利用夾輥(nip roll)法亦能夠發揮高脫氣性、能夠不產生氣泡而製造目視辨認性高之層合玻璃的層合玻璃用中間膜、及使用有該層合玻璃用中間膜之層合玻璃。
2片玻璃板之間夾持含有塑化聚乙烯丁醛等熱塑性樹脂之層合玻璃用中間膜並相互接著而得之層合玻璃被廣泛用作汽車用擋風玻璃。
作為此種汽車用擋風玻璃之製造方法之一，使用真空脫氣法。
真空脫氣法中，將於至少2片玻璃板之間積層有層合玻璃用中間膜之積層體放入至橡膠袋進行減壓抽吸，一面將殘留於玻璃板與中間膜之間之空氣去除，一面進行預壓接，繼而，例如於高壓釜內進行加熱加壓而進行正式壓接，藉此獲得汽車用擋風玻璃。
利用真空脫氣法之層合玻璃之製造步驟中，將玻璃與層合玻璃用中間膜進行積層時之脫氣性是重要的。因此，於層合玻璃用中間膜之至少一表面，以確保層合玻璃製造時之脫氣性為目的而形成有微細凹凸。
尤其是藉由將該凹凸之凹部設為具有底部連續之槽形狀(刻線狀)且鄰接之該刻線狀之凹部平行且規則地形成之結構，能夠發揮極優異之脫氣性(例如專利文獻1)。
另一方面，作為層合玻璃之製造方法，有夾輥法。夾輥法中，藉由一面使用輸送器搬送於至少2片玻璃板之間積層有層合玻璃用中間膜之積層體，一面使該積層體通過加熱區域而加熱至一定溫度，然後通過夾輥將殘留於玻璃與中間膜之間之空氣擠出並除去，同時進行熱壓接，使積層體之中間膜與玻璃間之空氣減少並密接。
然而，於使用供於利用真空脫氣法製造層合玻璃之層合玻璃用中間膜，利用夾輥法製造層合玻璃之情形時，存在所得層合玻璃之脫氣性降低之問題。
專利文獻1：日本特開2001-48599號公報
本發明人等針對利用夾輥法製造層合玻璃之情形時，所得層合玻璃之脫氣性降低之原因進行研究。其結果發現：為了脫氣而於層合玻璃用中間膜之表面所形成之底部連續之槽形狀之凹部(以下亦稱為「刻線狀之凹部」)係原因所在。真空脫氣法中，因同時進行減壓與加熱而進行預壓接，故而刻線狀之凹部藉由減壓將內部之空氣除去，因此幾乎不存在所得層合玻璃中凹部未壓扁而殘存之問題。然而，於夾輥法中，因預壓接時僅利用壓力使膜與玻璃壓接，故存在預壓接後，凹部未壓扁而殘存之情況。
若未壓扁而殘存之凹部中殘存之空氣量多，則存在於利用高壓釜進行加壓加熱壓接後膜中亦殘存氣泡而使目視辨認性降低之擔憂。又，特別是預壓接時之層合玻璃前驅物之溫度低之情形時，凹部不易壓扁，易殘存氣泡。
本發明之目的在於提供一種即便利用夾輥法亦能夠發揮高脫氣性、能夠不產生氣泡而製造目視辨認性高之層合玻璃的層合玻璃用中間膜、及使用有該層合玻璃用中間膜之層合玻璃。再者，本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜不僅可用於夾輥法，亦可用於真空脫氣法。
本發明係一種層合玻璃用中間膜，其於至少一表面具有大量凹部與大量凸部，上述凹部具有底部連續之槽形狀，鄰接之上述凹部平行且規則地並排，上述底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之底部之旋轉半徑R相對於上述底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之間隔Sm的比率(R/Sm×100)為15%以上。
再者，本發明中，「於至少一表面具有大量凹部與大量凸部」亦指「於至少一表面形成有大量凹部與大量凸部」，「凹部具有底部連續之槽形狀，鄰接之上述凹部平行且規則地並排」亦指「凹部具有底部連續之槽形狀，鄰接之上述凹部平行且規則地形成」。
以下，對本發明進行詳細敍述。
本發明人等經深入研究，結果發現：藉由將層合玻璃用中間膜之凹凸形狀設為特定者，而即便利用夾輥法亦能夠發揮高脫氣性，能夠製造目視辨認性高之層合玻璃，從而完成本發明。再者，本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜不僅可用於夾輥法，亦可用於真空脫氣法。
本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜於至少一表面具有大量凹部與
大量凸部，上述凹部具有底部連續之槽形狀，鄰接之上述凹部平行且規則地並排。藉此，能夠確保利用夾輥法製造層合玻璃時之脫氣性。上述凹凸可僅存在於一表面，但就顯著提高脫氣性而言，較佳存在於層合玻璃用中間膜之兩面。
本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜中，於上述至少一表面所具有之凹凸之凹部具有底部連續之槽形狀(即，具有「刻線狀之凹部」)，鄰接之凹部平行且規則地並排。一般而言，對在2片玻璃板之間積層有層合玻璃用中間膜之積層體進行壓接時之空氣之易排除性與上述凹部之底部之連通性及平滑性密切相關。藉由將中間膜之至少一面之凹凸之形狀設為刻線狀之凹部平行且規則地並排之形狀，上述底部之連通性優異，顯著提高脫氣性。
再者，「規則地並排」係指鄰接之上述刻線狀之凹部可平行且等間隔地並排，亦可鄰接之上述刻線狀之凹部平行地並排，但所有鄰接之上述刻線狀之凹部之間隔並非等間隔。又，上述刻線狀之凹部無需為底部全部連續之槽形狀，亦可於底部之一部分具有分斷壁。又，若鄰接之凹部平行且規則地並排，則底部之槽之形狀亦可不為直線狀，例如，亦可為波形狀或鋸齒狀。
本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜中，上述底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之底部之旋轉半徑R相對於上述底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之間隔Sm的比率(R/Sm×100)為15%以上。藉此，利用夾輥法製造層合玻璃之情形時，能夠於預壓接時發揮充分之脫氣性，並且能夠利用預壓接時之壓力壓扁刻線狀之凹部，防止空氣殘存而能夠獲得無氣泡之透明層合玻璃。
上述底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之底部之旋轉半徑R相對於上述底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之間隔Sm的比率(R/Sm×100)較佳為20%以上，更佳為30%以上，進一步較佳為50%以上。再者，上述底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之底部之旋轉半徑R相對於上述底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之間隔Sm的比率(R/Sm×100)較佳為200%以下，更佳為100%以下。
本說明書中，上述刻線狀之凹部之底部之旋轉半徑R能夠藉由下述方法求出：對層合玻璃用中間膜使用單刃剃刀(例如，Feather Safety Razor公司製造，FAS-10)以截面不於相對於刻線狀之凹部之方向垂直之方向且平行於膜厚度之方向變形之方式，使剃刀不滑向與凹部垂直之方向而向與厚度方向平行之方向推出，藉此進行切割，使用顯微鏡(例如，奧林巴斯公司製造之「DSX-100」)對其剖面進行觀察，並於測定倍率為208倍進行拍攝，進一步於將拍攝圖像擴大顯示為50μm/20mm之狀態下，使用配套軟體內之測量軟體，描繪與刻線狀之凹部之底部內接之圓，將此時該圓之半徑設為該凹部之旋轉半徑R。又，測定時之環境為23℃及30RH%下。此處，取中間膜中任意5點作為樣本，對每個樣本之R進行3點測量，將合計15點之平均值設為R。
又，本說明書中上述刻線狀之凹部之間隔Sm係由JIS B-0601(1994)規定。上述刻線狀之凹部之間隔Sm係藉由以下方式獲得：使用光學顯微鏡(SONIC公司製造之「BS-D8000 III」)，對層合玻璃用中間膜之第1面及第2面(觀察範圍為20mm×20mm)進行觀察，對鄰接之凹部之間隔進行測定，並計算鄰接之凹部之最底部間之最短距離之平均值。
上述刻線狀之凹部之底部之旋轉半徑R之較佳下限為20
μm，較佳上限為250μm。若上述刻線狀之凹部之底部之旋轉半徑R在該範圍內，則於利用夾輥法製造層合玻璃之情形時，更容易利用預壓接時之壓力壓扁刻線狀之凹部，發揮更優異之脫氣性。上述刻線狀之凹部之底部之旋轉半徑R之更佳下限為40μm，更佳上限為125μm。
上述刻線狀之凹部之間隔Sm之較佳下限為50μm，較佳上限為1000μm。若上述刻線狀之凹部之間隔Sm在該範圍內，則於利用夾輥法製造層合玻璃之情形時，於預壓接時發揮更優異之脫氣性，且更容易利用其壓力壓扁刻線狀之凹部。上述刻線狀之凹部之間隔Sm之更佳下限為100μm，進一步較佳下限為175μm，更佳上限為400μm，進一步較佳上限為300μm。藉由將上述刻線狀之凹部之間隔設為上述下限以上，於真空袋方式中亦能夠保持良好之脫氣性。
上述刻線狀之凹部之粗糙度(Rz)之較佳下限為10μm，較佳上限為80μm。藉由將上述刻線狀之凹部之粗糙度(Rz)設為該範圍內，能夠發揮優異之脫氣性。上述刻線狀之凹部之粗糙度(Rz)之更佳下限為20μm，更佳上限為65μm。進一步較佳上限為50μm。
再者，本說明書中之刻線狀之凹部之粗糙度(Rz)係由JIS B-0601(1994)所規定，藉由以橫截刻線方向之凹部連續之方向之方式於垂直方向進行測定而獲得。此處，作為測定器，能夠使用例如小坂研究所公司製造之「Surfcorder SE300」等，能夠藉由如下條件進行測定：測定時之截止(cutoff)值為2.5mm，基準長度為2.5mm，將測定長度設為12.5mm，將預備長度設為2.5mm，觸針之移行速度為0.5mm/秒，觸針形狀使用頂端半徑為2μm，頂端角為60°者。又，測定時之環境為23℃及30RH%下。又，測定之
中間膜係於測定時之環境下靜置3小時以上後進行測定。
本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜之上述凹凸之凸部之頂端之旋轉半徑R'之較佳下限為15μm。藉此，玻璃與層合玻璃用中間膜間之摩擦力增大，利用夾輥法製造層合玻璃時，能夠更有效地防止在輸送器上玻璃與層合玻璃用中間膜偏移。上述凸部之頂端之旋轉半徑R'之上限並無特別限定，較佳為100μm以下。藉此，積層中間膜彼此時膜彼此亦不會接著，操作性提高。上述凸部之頂端之旋轉半徑R'之更佳下限為30μm，更佳上限為80μm。
再者，上述凸部之頂端之旋轉半徑R'能夠藉由下述方法求出：對中間膜沿相對於刻線狀之凹部之方向垂直之方向且為膜厚度方向進行切割，使用顯微鏡(例如，奧林巴斯公司製造之「DSX-100」)對其剖面進行觀察，以555倍之測定倍率進行拍攝，進一步於將拍攝圖像擴大顯示為50μ/20mm之狀態下，使用配套軟體內之測量軟體，將描繪與凸形狀之頂點內接之圓時之該圓之半徑設為該凸部之頂端之旋轉半徑。又，測定時之環境為23℃及30RH%下。
本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜較佳含有熱塑性樹脂。
作為上述熱塑性樹脂，例如可列舉：聚偏二氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯、偏二氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物、聚三氟乙烯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚酯、聚醚、聚醯胺、聚碳酸酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯縮醛、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物等。其中，較佳為聚乙烯縮醛或乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物，更佳為聚乙烯縮醛。
上述聚乙烯縮醛例如能夠藉由利用醛使聚乙烯醇(PVA)進行縮醛化而製造。上述聚乙烯縮醛較佳為聚乙烯醇之縮醛化物。PVA之皂化度一般而言，在70~99.9莫耳%之範圍內。
用以獲得上述聚乙烯縮醛之PVA之聚合度較佳為200以上，更佳為500以上，進一步更佳為1700以上，特佳為2000以上，較佳為5000以下，更佳為4000以下，進一步較佳為3000以下，進一步較佳為未達3000，特佳為2800以下。上述聚乙烯縮醛較佳為藉由使聚合度在上述下限以上及上述上限以下之PVA進行縮醛化而得之聚乙烯縮醛。若上述聚合度在上述下限以上，則層合玻璃之耐貫通性進一步提高。若上述聚合度在上述上限以下，則中間膜之成形變得容易。
PVA之聚合度表示平均聚合度。該平均聚合度係藉由依據JIS K6726「聚乙烯醇試驗方法」之方法求出。作為上述醛，一般而言可較佳地使用碳數為1~10之醛。作為上述碳數為1~10之醛，例如可列舉：甲醛、乙醛、丙醛、正丁醛、異丁醛、正戊醛、2-乙基丁醛、正己醛、正辛醛、正壬醛、正癸醛及苯甲醛等。其中，較佳為正丁醛、正己醛或正戊醛，更佳為正丁醛。上述醛可僅使用1種，亦可併用2種以上。
上述聚乙烯縮醛較佳為聚乙烯丁醛。藉由使用聚乙烯丁醛，中間膜對層合玻璃構件之耐候性等進一步提高。
本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜較佳含有塑化劑。
作為上述塑化劑，只要為通常用於層合玻璃用中間膜之塑化劑則並無特別限定，例如可列舉：一元有機酸酯、多元有機酸酯等有機塑化劑、或有機磷酸化合物、有機亞磷酸化合物等磷酸塑化劑等。
作為上述有機塑化劑，例如可列舉：三乙二醇-二-2-乙基己酸酯、三乙二醇-二-2-乙基丁酸酯、三乙二醇-二正庚酸酯、四乙二醇-二-2-乙基己酸酯、四乙二醇-二-2-乙基丁酸酯、四乙二醇-二正庚酸酯、二乙二醇-二-2-乙基己酸酯、二乙二醇-二-2-乙基丁酸酯、二乙二醇-二正庚酸酯等。其中，較佳含有三乙二醇-二-2-乙基己酸酯、三乙二醇-二-2-乙基丁酸酯、或三乙二醇-二正庚酸酯，更佳含有三乙二醇-二-2-乙基己酸酯。
本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜較佳含有接著力調整劑。
作為上述接著力調整劑，例如較佳使用鹼金屬鹽或鹼土金屬鹽。作為上述接著力調整劑，例如可列舉：鉀、鈉、鎂等之鹽。
作為構成上述鹽之酸，例如可列舉：辛酸、己酸、2-乙基丁酸、丁酸、乙酸、甲酸等羧酸之有機酸、或鹽酸、硝酸等無機酸。
本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜根據需要亦可含有抗氧化劑、光穩定劑、作為接著力調整劑之改質聚矽氧油、阻燃劑、抗靜電劑、耐濕劑、熱線反射劑、熱線吸收劑等添加劑。
本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜較佳為光澤度為35%以下。
本說明書中，所謂光澤度係指使用精密光澤計(例如，村上色彩研究所製造之「GM-26PRO」等)，依據JIS Z 8741：1997所測定之75度鏡面光澤。光澤度為35%以下之中間膜具有微細之凹凸形狀，能夠抑制積層膜彼此時之自黏力，提高操作性。上述光澤度之更佳上限為20%以下，進一步較佳之上限為10%以下。光澤度為3%以上之情形時，於預壓接時能夠抑制微細之凹凸形狀殘留於膜與玻璃之間，於利用高壓釜加壓加熱壓接後亦能
夠防止氣泡殘存於膜中。
於本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜為多層結構之情形時，例如可列舉：為了提高層合玻璃之隔音性，將上述第1樹脂層作為保護層，將上述第2樹脂層作為隔音層，以2層保護層挾持隔音層之具有優異隔音性之層合玻璃用中間膜(以下亦稱為「隔音中間膜」)。
以下，關於該隔音中間膜更具體地進行說明。
在上述隔音中間膜中，上述隔音層具有賦予隔音性之作用。
上述隔音層較佳含有聚乙烯縮醛X與塑化劑。
上述聚乙烯縮醛X能夠藉由利用醛使聚乙烯醇進行縮醛化而製備。上述聚乙烯縮醛X較佳為聚乙烯醇之縮醛化物。
上述聚乙烯醇通常係藉由使聚乙酸乙烯酯進行皂化而獲得。
上述聚乙烯醇之聚合度之較佳下限為200，較佳之上限為5000。藉由將上述聚乙烯醇之聚合度設為200以上，能夠提高所得隔音中間膜之耐貫通性，藉由設為5000以下，能夠確保隔音層之成形性。上述聚乙烯醇之聚合度之更佳下限為500，更佳上限為4000。
用以使上述聚乙烯醇進行縮醛化之醛之碳數之較佳下限為4，較佳上限為6。藉由將醛之碳數設為4以上，能夠穩定地含有充分量之塑化劑，能夠發揮優異之隔音性能。又，能夠防止塑化劑之滲出。藉由將醛之碳數設為6以下，能夠使聚乙烯縮醛X之合成變得容易，確保生產性。
作為上述碳數為4~6之醛，可為直鏈狀之醛，亦可為支鏈狀之醛，例如可列舉：正丁醛、正戊醛等。
上述聚乙烯縮醛X之羥基量之較佳上限為30莫耳%。藉由
將上述聚乙烯縮醛X之羥基量設為30莫耳%以下，能夠含有發揮隔音性所需之量之塑化劑，並能夠防止塑化劑之滲出。上述聚乙烯縮醛X之羥基量之更佳上限為28莫耳%，進一步較佳上限為26莫耳%，特佳上限為24莫耳%，較佳下限為10莫耳%，更佳下限為15莫耳%，進一步較佳下限為20莫耳%。
上述聚乙烯縮醛X之羥基量係以百分率(莫耳%)表示鍵結有羥基之乙烯基量除以主鏈之全部乙烯基量所求出之莫耳分率之值。上述鍵結有羥基之乙烯基量例如能夠藉由利用依據JIS K6728「聚乙烯丁醛試驗方法」之方法，對上述聚乙烯縮醛X之鍵結有羥基之乙烯基量進行測定而求出。
上述聚乙烯縮醛X之縮醛基量之較佳下限為60莫耳%，較佳上限為85莫耳%。藉由將上述聚乙烯縮醛X之縮醛基量設為60莫耳%以上，能夠提高隔音層之疏水性，並含有發揮隔音性所需之量之塑化劑，能夠防止塑化劑之滲出或白化。藉由將上述聚乙烯縮醛X之縮醛基量設為85莫耳%以下，能夠使聚乙烯縮醛X之合成變得容易，確保生產性。上述縮醛基量能夠藉由利用依據JIS K6728「聚乙烯丁醛試驗方法」之方法，對上述聚乙烯縮醛X之鍵結有縮醛基之乙烯基量進行測定而求出。
上述聚乙烯縮醛X之乙醯基量之較佳下限為0.1莫耳%，較佳上限為30莫耳%。藉由將上述聚乙烯縮醛X之乙醯基量設為0.1莫耳%以上，能夠含有發揮隔音性所需之量之塑化劑，並能夠防止滲出。又，藉由將上述聚乙烯縮醛X之乙醯基量設為30莫耳%以下，能夠提高隔音層之疏水性，防止白化。上述乙醯基量之更佳下限為1莫耳%，進一步較佳之下限為5莫耳%，特佳之下限為8莫耳%，更佳上限為25莫耳%，進一步較佳
之上限為20莫耳%。上述乙醯基量係以百分率(莫耳%)表示將自主鏈之全部乙烯基量減去鍵結有縮醛基之乙烯基量及鍵結有羥基之乙烯基量所得之值除以主鏈之全部乙烯基量而求出之莫耳分率之值。
特別是就能夠容易地於上述隔音層含有發揮隔音性所需之量之塑化劑而言，上述聚乙烯縮醛X較佳為上述乙醯基量為8莫耳%以上之聚乙烯縮醛、或上述乙醯基量未達8莫耳%且縮醛基量為68莫耳%以上之聚乙烯縮醛。
上述隔音層中之塑化劑之含量，相對於上述聚乙烯縮醛X100質量份之較佳下限為45質量份，較佳之上限為80質量份。藉由將上述塑化劑之含量設為45質量份以上，能夠發揮高隔音性，藉由設為80質量份以下，能夠防止出現塑化劑之滲出而導致層合玻璃用中間膜之透明性或接著性降低。上述塑化劑之含量之更佳下限為50質量份，進一步較佳之下限為55質量份，更佳上限為75質量份，進一步較佳之上限為70質量份。再者，上述隔音層中之塑化劑之含量可為層合玻璃製作前之塑化劑含量，亦可為層合玻璃製作後之塑化劑含量。再者，層合玻璃製作後之塑化劑之含量能夠根據以下程序進行測定。製作層合玻璃後，於溫度為25℃、濕度為30%之環境下靜置4週。其後，藉由利用液態氮對層合玻璃進行冷卻而將玻璃與層合玻璃用中間膜剝離。對所得保護層及隔音層沿厚度方向進行切割，於溫度為25℃、濕度為30%之環境下靜置2小時後，在保護層與隔音層之間插入手指或機械，於溫度為25℃、濕度為30%之環境下進行剝離，對於保護層及隔音層分別獲得10g之長方形之測定試樣。對測定試樣使用索氏(Soxhlet)萃取器利用二乙基醚萃取塑化劑12小時後，對測定試樣中
之塑化劑進行定量，求出保護層及中間層中塑化劑之含量。
上述隔音層之厚度之較佳下限為50μm。藉由將上述隔音層之厚度設為50μm以上，能夠發揮充分之隔音性。上述隔音層之厚度之更佳下限為70μm，進一步較佳之下限為80μm。再者，上限並無特別限定，考慮到作為層合玻璃用中間膜之厚度，較佳之上限為150μm。
上述保護層具有如下作用：防止隔音層中所含有之大量之塑化劑滲出而導致層合玻璃用中間膜與玻璃之接著性降低，又，賦予層合玻璃用中間膜耐貫通性。
上述保護層例如較佳含有聚乙烯縮醛Y與塑化劑，更佳含有羥基量大於聚乙烯縮醛X之聚乙烯縮醛Y與塑化劑。
上述聚乙烯縮醛Y能夠藉由利用醛使聚乙烯醇進行縮醛化而製備。上述聚乙烯縮醛Y較佳為聚乙烯醇之縮醛化物。上述聚乙烯醇通常係藉由使聚乙酸乙烯酯進行皂化而獲得。又，上述聚乙烯醇之聚合度之較佳下限為200，較佳之上限為5000。藉由將上述聚乙烯醇之聚合度設為200以上，能夠提高層合玻璃用中間膜之耐貫通性，藉由設為5000以下，能夠確保保護層之成形性。上述聚乙烯醇之聚合度之更佳下限為500，更佳上限為4000。
用以使上述聚乙烯醇進行縮醛化之醛之碳數之較佳下限為3，較佳之上限為4。藉由將醛之碳數設為3以上，層合玻璃用中間膜之耐貫通性提高。藉由將醛之碳數設為4以下，聚乙烯縮醛Y之生產性提高。
作為上述碳數為3~4之醛，可為直鏈狀之醛，亦可為支鏈狀之醛，例如可列舉正丁醛等。
上述聚乙烯縮醛Y之羥基量之較佳上限為33莫耳%，較佳之下限為28莫耳%。藉由將上述聚乙烯縮醛Y之羥基量設為33莫耳%以下，能夠防止層合玻璃用中間膜之白化。藉由將上述聚乙烯縮醛Y之羥基量設為28莫耳%以上，層合玻璃用中間膜之耐貫通性提高。
上述聚乙烯縮醛Y之縮醛基量之較佳下限為60莫耳%，較佳之上限為80莫耳%。藉由將上述縮醛基量設為60莫耳%以上，能夠含有發揮充分之耐貫通性所需之量之塑化劑。藉由將上述縮醛基量設為80莫耳%以下，能夠確保上述保護層與玻璃之接著力。上述縮醛基量之更佳下限為65莫耳%，更佳上限為69莫耳%。
上述聚乙烯縮醛Y之乙醯基量之較佳上限為7莫耳%。藉由將上述聚乙烯縮醛Y之乙醯基量設為7莫耳%以下，能夠提高保護層之疏水性，防止白化。上述乙醯基量之更佳上限為2莫耳%，較佳之下限為0.1莫耳%。再者，聚乙烯縮醛Y之羥基量、縮醛基量及乙醯基量能夠利用與聚乙烯縮醛X相同之方法進行測定。
上述保護層中之塑化劑之含量相對於上述聚乙烯縮醛Y100質量份之較佳下限為20質量份，較佳之上限為45質量份。藉由將上述塑化劑之含量設為20質量份以上，能夠確保耐貫通性，藉由設為45質量份以下，能夠防止塑化劑之滲出，防止層合玻璃用中間膜之透明性或接著性之降低。上述塑化劑之含量之更佳下限為30質量份，進一步較佳之下限為35質量份，更佳上限為43質量份，進一步較佳之上限為41質量份。就層合玻璃之隔音性進一步提高而言，上述保護層中之塑化劑之含量較佳為少於上述隔音層中之塑化劑之含量。再者，上述保護層中之塑化劑之含量可為層
合玻璃製作前之塑化劑含量，亦可為層合玻璃製作後之塑化劑含量。再者，層合玻璃製作後之塑化劑之含量能夠藉由與上述隔音層相同之程序進行測定。
就層合玻璃之隔音性進一步提高而言，聚乙烯縮醛Y之羥基量較佳為大於聚乙烯縮醛X之羥基量，更佳為大1莫耳%以上，進一步較佳為大5莫耳%以上，特佳為大8莫耳%以上。藉由對聚乙烯縮醛X及聚乙烯縮醛Y之羥基量進行調整，能夠控制上述隔音層及上述保護層中之塑化劑之含量，上述隔音層之玻璃轉移溫度降低。結果，層合玻璃之隔音性進一步提高。
又，就層合玻璃之隔音性進一步提高而言，上述隔音層中之相對於聚乙烯縮醛X100質量份之塑化劑之含量(以下亦稱為含量X)較佳為多於上述保護層中之相對於聚乙烯縮醛Y100質量份之塑化劑之含量(以下亦稱為含量Y)，更佳為多5質量份以上，進一步較佳為多15質量份以上，特佳為多20質量份以上。藉由對含量X及含量Y進行調整，上述隔音層之玻璃轉移溫度降低。結果，層合玻璃之隔音性進一步提高。
上述保護層之厚度之較佳下限為200μm，較佳之上限為1000μm。藉由將上述保護層之厚度設為200μm以上，能夠確保耐貫通性。
上述保護層之厚度之更佳下限為300μm，更佳上限為700μm。
作為製造上述隔音中間膜之方法，並無特別限定，例如可列舉：利用擠出法、軋光(calender)法、加壓法等通常之製膜法將上述隔音層與保護層製膜成片狀後進行積層之方法等。
本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜之製造方法並無特別限定，能夠
使用習知公知之製造方法。
本發明中，作為於層合玻璃用中間膜之至少一表面形成大量凹部與大量凸部之方法，例如可列舉：壓紋輥法、軋光輥法、異形擠出(profile extrusion)法、熔體破壞法等。其中，較佳為壓紋輥法。
於一對玻璃板之間積層有本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜之層合玻璃亦為本發明之一。
上述玻璃板能夠使用通常所使用之透明板玻璃。例如可列舉：浮製板玻璃、拋光板玻璃、壓花板玻璃、烙網玻璃、夾絲板玻璃、著色板玻璃、熱線吸收玻璃、熱線反射玻璃、綠色玻璃等無機玻璃。又，亦能夠使用於玻璃之表面形成有紫外線遮蔽塗層之紫外線遮蔽玻璃。進一步，亦能夠使用聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚碳酸酯、聚丙烯酸酯等有機塑料板。
作為上述玻璃板，亦可使用2種以上之玻璃板。例如可列舉於透明浮製板玻璃與綠色玻璃之類之著色玻璃板之間積層有本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜之層合玻璃。又，作為上述玻璃板，亦可使用2種以上之厚度相異之玻璃板。
本發明之層合玻璃能夠利用夾輥法較佳地製造。
夾輥法中，藉由一面使用輸送器搬送於至少2片玻璃板之間積層有層合玻璃用中間膜之積層體，一面使該積層體通過加熱區域而加熱至一定溫度，然後通過夾輥將殘留於玻璃與中間膜之間之空氣擠出並除去，同時進行熱壓接，使積層體之中間膜與玻璃間之空氣減少而密接。
再者，使用輸送器搬送上述積層體時，較佳將本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜之上述刻線狀之凹部之斜度設為相對於輸送器之行進方向為55°以下。
藉此，能夠防止輸送器所引起的移動時該積層體中玻璃與層合玻璃用中間膜偏移，能夠實現高生產效率。使用輸送器進行搬送時之本發明之層合玻璃用中間膜之上述刻線狀之凹部之斜度更佳為相對於輸送器之行進方向為45°以下，進一步較佳為25°以下。
根據本發明，可提供一種即便利用夾輥法亦能夠發揮高脫氣性，能夠製造不產生氣泡而目視辨認性高之層合玻璃的層合玻璃用中間膜、及使用有該層合玻璃用中間膜之層合玻璃。
以下列舉實施例對本發明之態樣進行更加詳細之說明，但本發明不僅限定於該等實施例。
(實施例1)
(1)層合玻璃用中間膜之製備
相對於藉由利用正丁醛使平均聚合度為1700之聚乙烯醇進行縮醛化所得之聚乙烯丁醛(乙醯基量為1莫耳%，丁醛(butyral)基量為69莫耳%，羥基量為30莫耳%)100重量份，添加作為塑化劑之三乙二醇-二-2-乙基己酸酯(3GO)40重量份，並以膜中之鎂濃度達到50ppm之方式添加作為接著力調整劑之雙(2-乙基丁酸)鎂與乙酸鎂之50質量%：50質量%混
合物，利用混合輥進行充分混練，獲得樹脂組成物。
藉由將所得樹脂組成物使用擠出機進行擠出，而獲得厚度為760μm之單層結構之層合玻璃用中間膜。
首先，作為第一步驟，利用噴砂劑對鐵輥表面施以無規之凹凸後，對輥進行立式研磨，進一步使用更加微細之噴砂劑於研磨後之平坦部施以微細之凹凸，將藉此具有粗大主壓紋與微細副壓紋之相同形狀之一對輥用作凹凸形狀轉印裝置，將無規之凹凸形狀轉印於所得層合玻璃用中間膜之兩面。作為此時之轉印條件，將層合玻璃用中間膜之溫度設為80℃，將上述輥之溫度設為145℃，將線速設為10m/分鐘，將加壓線壓設為10~200kN/m。
作為第二步驟，將由使用三角形斜線型研磨機於表面實施了雕刻加工之金屬輥與具有65~75之JIS硬度之橡膠輥所構成之一對輥用作凹凸形狀轉印裝置，使所得層合玻璃用中間膜通過該凹凸形狀轉印裝置，對層合玻璃用中間膜之一表面賦予底部連續之槽形狀(刻線狀)之凹部平行且等間隔地形成的凹凸。作為此時之轉印條件，將層合玻璃用中間膜之溫度設為70℃，將輥溫度設為145℃，將線速設為10m/分鐘，將加壓線壓設為5~100kN/m。又，對刻線賦型後之膜厚度進行測定，結果橫向及行進方向之膜厚度為760μm，最大厚度與最小厚度之差為25μm，對厚度輪廓於測定方向上每隔15cm進行劃分，對每個區間之最大厚度與最小厚度之差進行記錄，結果差最大之區間之厚度差為10μm。
(2)層合玻璃用中間膜之凹凸之評價
利用依據JIS B-0601(1994)之方法，對所得層合玻璃用中間膜之表
面之刻線狀之凹部之間隔Sm、旋轉半徑R及刻線狀之凹部之粗糙度Rz進行測定。再者，於測定方向為相對於刻線垂直之方向，截止值=2.5mm，基準長度=2.5mm，評價長度=12.5mm，觸針之頂端半徑=2μm，頂端角度=60°，測定速度=0.5mm/s之條件下進行測定。
又，關於刻線狀之凹部之間隔，使用光學顯微鏡(SONIC公司製造之「BS-D8000 III」)以觀察範圍20mm×20mm對層合玻璃用中間膜之表面之5處分別進行觀察並對鄰接之凹部之間隔進行測定，從而計算出鄰接之凹部之最底部間之最短距離之平均值，藉此進行測定。
又，對層合玻璃用中間膜使用單刃剃刀(Feather Safety Razor公司製造，FAS-10)以截面不於相對於刻線狀之凹部之方向垂直之方向且平行於膜厚度之方向變形之方式，使剃刀不滑向與凹部垂直之方向而向與厚度方向平行之方向推出，藉此進行切割，使用顯微鏡(奧林巴斯公司製造之「DSX-100」)對其剖面進行觀察。對上述剖面於測定倍率為208倍進行拍攝，進一步於將拍攝圖像擴大顯示為50μm/20mm之狀態下，描繪與刻線狀之凹部之底部內接之圓，求出此時該圓之半徑(即，旋轉半徑R)。第一步驟後之膜表面之Rz為15μm。
將關於層合玻璃用中間膜之表面及背面之凹凸之測定值示於表1。
(實施例2~13、比較例1~4)
將所使用之聚乙烯丁醛之乙醯基量、丁醛基量及羥基量如表1及表2所示進行變更，藉由變更第一步驟之壓紋輥之形狀、三角形斜線型輥而變更賦予之凹凸之形狀，除此以外，利用與實施例1相同之方式製備層合玻璃用中間膜。將關於實施例及比較例中所得之層合玻璃用中間膜之表面及
背面之凹凸之測定值示於表1及表2。
(實施例14)
(保護層用樹脂組成物之製備)
相對於聚乙烯丁醛樹脂(羥基之含有率為30莫耳%，乙醯化度為1莫耳%，丁醛化度為69莫耳%，平均聚合度為1700)100重量份，添加作為塑化劑之三乙二醇-二-2-乙基己酸酯(3GO)36重量份，並以膜中之鎂濃度達到50ppm之方式添加作為接著力調整劑之雙(2-乙基丁酸)鎂與乙酸鎂之50質量%：50質量%混合物，利用混合輥充分進行混練，獲得保護層用樹脂組成物。
(隔音層用樹脂組成物之製備)
相對於聚乙烯丁醛樹脂(羥基之含有率為23.5莫耳%，乙醯化度為12.5莫耳%，丁醛化度為64莫耳%，平均聚合度為2300)100重量份，添加作為塑化劑之三乙二醇-二-2-乙基己酸酯(3GO)76.5重量份，利用混合輥充分進行混練，獲得隔音層用樹脂組成物。
(層合玻璃用中間膜之製作)
藉由將隔音層用樹脂組成物及保護層用樹脂組成物進行共擠出，而獲得寬度為100cm之於厚度方向依序積層有保護層(厚度為350μm)、隔音層(厚度為100μm)、保護層(厚度為350μm)之三層結構之層合玻璃用中間膜。
首先，作為第一步驟，利用噴砂劑於鐵輥表面施以無規之凹凸後，對輥進行立式研磨，進一步使用更加微細之噴砂劑於研磨後之平坦部施以微細之凹凸，將藉此具有粗大主壓紋與微細副壓紋之同形狀之一對
輥用作凹凸形狀轉印裝置，將無規之凹凸形狀轉印於所得層合玻璃用中間膜之兩面。作為此時之轉印條件，將層合玻璃用中間膜之溫度設為80℃，將上述輥之溫度設為145℃，將線速設為10m/分鐘，將加壓線壓設為10~200kN/m。
作為第二步驟，將由使用三角形斜線型研磨機於表面實施了雕刻加工之金屬輥與具有65~75之JIS硬度之橡膠輥所構成之一對輥用作凹凸形狀轉印裝置，使所得層合玻璃用中間膜通過該凹凸形狀轉印裝置，對層合玻璃用中間膜之一表面賦予底部連續之槽形狀(刻線狀)之凹部平行且等間隔地形成的凹凸。作為此時之轉印條件，將層合玻璃用中間膜之溫度設為70℃，將輥溫度設為145℃，將線速設為10m/分鐘，將加壓線壓設為5~100kN/m。又，對刻線賦型後之膜厚度進行測定，結果橫向及行進方向之膜厚度為800μm，最大厚度與最小厚度之差為25μm，對厚度輪廓於測定方向上每隔15cm進行劃分，對每個區間之最大厚度與最小厚度之差進行記錄，結果差最大之區間之厚度差為10μm。
(2)層合玻璃用中間膜之凹凸之評價
利用依據JIS B-0601(1994)之方法，對所得層合玻璃用中間膜之表面之刻線狀之凹部之間隔Sm、旋轉半徑R及刻線狀之凹部之粗糙度Rz進行測定。再者，於測定方向為相對於刻線垂直之方向，截止值=2.5mm，基準長度=2.5mm，評價長度=12.5mm，觸針之頂端半徑=2μm，頂端角度=60°，測定速度=0.5mm/s之條件下進行測定。
又，關於刻線狀之凹部之間隔，使用光學顯微鏡(SONIC公司製造之「BS-D8000III」)以觀察範圍20mm×20mm對層合玻璃用中間膜之表面之
5處分別進行觀察並對鄰接之凹部之間隔進行測定，從而計算出鄰接之凹部之最底部間之最短距離之平均值，藉此進行測定。
又，對層合玻璃用中間膜使用單刃剃刀(Feather Safety Razor公司製造，FAS-10)以截面不於相對於刻線狀之凹部之方向垂直之方向且平行於膜厚度之方向變形之方式，使剃刀不滑向與凹部垂直之方向而向與厚度方向平行之方向推出，藉此進行切割，使用顯微鏡(奧林巴斯公司製造之「DSX-100」)對其剖面進行觀察。對上述剖面於測定倍率為208倍進行拍攝，進一步於將拍攝圖像擴大顯示為50μm/20mm之狀態下，描繪與刻線狀之凹部之底部內接之圓，求出此時該圓之半徑(即，旋轉半徑R)。第一步驟後之膜表面之Rz為15μm。
將關於層合玻璃用中間膜之表面及背面之凹凸之測定值示於表3。
(3)塑化劑之含量之測定
製作層合玻璃後，於溫度為25℃，濕度為30%之環境下靜置4週。其後，藉由利用液態氮對層合玻璃進行冷卻而將玻璃與層合玻璃用中間膜剝離。對所得保護層及隔音層沿著厚度方向進行切割，於溫度為25℃，濕度為30%之環境下靜置2小時後，在保護層與隔音層之間插入手指或機械，於溫度為25℃，濕度為30%之環境下進行剝離，對於保護層及隔音層分別獲得10g之長方形之測定試樣。對測定試樣使用索氏萃取器利用二乙基醚萃取塑化劑12小時後，對測定試樣中之塑化劑進行定量，求出保護層及中間層中之塑化劑之含量。
(實施例15~22、比較例5~7)
將所使用之聚乙烯丁醛之乙醯基量、丁醛基量及羥基量如表3所示進
行變更，並藉由變更第一步驟之壓紋輥之形狀、三角形斜線型輥而變更賦予之凹凸之形狀，除此以外，以與實施例14相同之方式製備層合玻璃用中間膜。將關於實施例及比較例中所得之層合玻璃用中間膜之表面及背面之凹凸之測定值示於表3。
(評價)
關於實施例及比較例中所得之層合玻璃用中間膜，利用以下方法進行評價。
將結果示於表1、表2及表3。
〈利用夾輥法之評價〉
(1)預壓接後殘存之壓紋形狀之評價
將實施例及比較例中所得之層合玻璃用中間膜於23℃、30RH%之環境下放置5小時後，供至以後之操作。
將層合玻璃用中間膜夾於兩片清玻璃板(縱15cm×橫30cm×厚2.5mm)之間製成積層體，使用第一夾輥(輥壓力2kgf/cm2)進行1次脫氣而獲得積層體。進一步，一面使用輥式輸送器對該積層體進行搬送一面使其通過紅外線烘箱內進行加熱使其表面溫度達到50℃，然後使用第2夾輥(輥壓力4kgf/cm2)進行2次脫氣而獲得積層體。
將所得積層體進一步放置於輥式輸送器上進行搬送，並使其通過紅外線烘箱內進行加熱使積層體之玻璃表面溫度達到85℃，然後通過第3夾輥(輥壓力4kgf/cm2)進行擠壓，藉此使殘留於玻璃板與中間膜之間之空氣進行脫氣而進行3次脫氣，完成預壓接。通過各夾輥時之夾輥間之間隙比積層體之厚度窄1mm，夾輥之周速達到5m/min。再者，將形成於層合玻
璃用中間膜之表面之刻線狀之凹部與輸送器之行進方向所成角度示於表1、表2及表3。
藉由將預壓接完成後之積層體浸入至液態氮內使其充分冷卻，而以於中間膜表面不殘留玻璃之方式剝離玻璃，獲得中間膜片。
將所得中間膜片於23℃及30RH%下靜置1小時後，使用三維表面形狀測定機(Bulker AXS公司製造，Contour GT-K)對中間膜片表面測定殘存之壓紋形狀。再者，利用三維表面形狀測定機進行之壓紋形狀之測定係於24小時以內進行。
測定點係對距利用輥式輸送器進行搬送時之行進方向側之玻璃端部10~20cm之間、距左右之玻璃端部3cm之區域內進行20點測定。每個測定視野係設為1.3mm×1.3mm。
自所得三維形狀，利用與三維表面形狀測定機配套之解析軟體之Multivision解析，對殘存之槽形狀之體積進行測量。計算出體積時之基準面係設為玻璃與膜之剝離面，藉由將Multivision解析條件內之「ZeroLevel」條件作為「BackGround」對「By Threshold」項目之值進行調整而進行設定。
計算出單位面積之平均槽體積，將測得之20點之平均值超過1.5μm3/μm2(=μm)者評價為「×」，將1.0μm3/μm2(=μm)以上且1.5μm3/μm2(=μm)以下者評價為「○」，將未達1.0μm3/μm2(=μm)者評價為「○○」。再者，平均槽體積係同一點之表面與背面之槽體積之平均值。
(2)層合玻璃之發泡之評價(條件1)
將實施例及比較例中所得之層合玻璃用中間膜於23℃、30RH%之環境
下靜置5小時後，供至以後之操作。
將層合玻璃用中間膜夾於兩片清玻璃板(縱15cm×橫30cm×厚2.5mm)之間製成積層體，使用第一夾輥(輥壓力2kgf/cm2)進行1次脫氣而獲得積層體。進一步，一面使用輥式輸送器對該積層體進行搬送一面使其通過紅外線烘箱內進行加熱使其表面溫度達到50℃，然後使用第2夾輥(輥壓力4kgf/cm2)進行2次脫氣而獲得積層體。
將所得積層體進一步放置於輥式輸送器上進行搬送，並使其通過紅外線烘箱內進行加熱使積層體之玻璃表面溫度達到85℃，然後通過第3夾輥(輥壓力4kgf/cm2)進行擠壓，藉此使殘留於玻璃板與中間膜之間之空氣進行脫氣而進行3次脫氣，完成預壓接。通過各夾輥時之夾輥間之間隙比積層體之厚度窄1mm，夾輥之周速達到5m/min。再者，將形成於層合玻璃用中間膜之表面之刻線狀之凹部與輸送器之行進方向所成之角度示於表1、表2及表3。
(3)層合玻璃之發泡之評價(條件2)
將實施例及比較例中所得之層合玻璃用中間膜於23℃、30RH%之環境下放置5小時後，供至以後之操作。
將層合玻璃用中間膜夾於兩片清玻璃板(縱15cm×橫30cm×厚2.5mm)之間製成積層體，使用第一夾輥(輥壓力2kgf/cm2)進行1次脫氣而獲得積層體。進一步，一面使用輥式輸送器對該積層體進行搬送一面使其通過紅外線烘箱內進行加熱使其表面溫度達到70℃，然後使用第2夾輥(輥壓力4kgf/cm2)進行2次脫氣而獲得積層體。
通過各夾輥時之夾輥間之間隙比積層體之厚度窄1mm，夾輥之周速達
到5m/min。再者，將形成於層合玻璃用中間膜之表面之刻線狀之凹部與輸送器之行進方向所成之角度示於表1、表2及表3。
(4)層合玻璃之發泡之評價(條件3)
將實施例及比較例中所得層合玻璃用中間膜於23℃、30RH%之環境下放置5小時後，供至以後之操作。
將層合玻璃用中間膜夾於兩片清玻璃板(縱15cm×橫30cm×厚2.5mm)之間製成積層體，使用第一夾輥(輥壓力2kgf/cm2)進行1次脫氣而獲得積層體。進一步，一面使用輥式輸送器對該積層體進行搬送一面使其通過紅外線烘箱內進行加熱使其表面溫度達到60℃，然後使用第2夾輥(輥壓力4kgf/cm2)進行2次脫氣而獲得積層體。
通過各夾輥時之夾輥間之間隙比積層體之厚度窄1mm，夾輥之周速達到5m/min。再者，將形成於層合玻璃用中間膜之表面之刻線狀之凹部與輸送器之行進方向所成之角度示於表1、表2及表3。
對於由層合玻璃之發泡之評價之條件1~3所得之積層體，使用高壓釜裝置於槽內壓力為13個大氣壓、槽內溫度為140℃維持20分鐘後，將槽內溫度冷卻至40℃，然後將壓力泄壓至1個大氣壓，製成層合玻璃。
進一步將層合玻璃在烘箱中於140℃保管2小時後，自烘箱中取出並放置冷卻3小時，然後利用目視觀察層合玻璃之外觀。對各20片調查玻璃板與層合玻璃用中間膜之間產生發泡(氣泡)之片數，對距離玻璃端部1cm以上之區域中是否產生氣泡進行判定。將氣泡片數為5片以下之情形評價為「○」，並將發泡片數為6片以上之情形評價為「×」。
〈利用真空脫氣法之評價〉
(利用真空袋方式之預壓接後脫氣性之評價)
將所得層合玻璃用中間膜夾於兩片清玻璃板(縱15cm×橫15cm×厚度2.5mm)之間，將伸出部分切除而獲得積層體。將所得積層體於烘箱內進行預加熱直至玻璃之表面溫度達到50℃後，轉移至橡膠袋內，將橡膠袋與抽吸減壓機連接，於加熱之同時於-600mmHg之減壓下進行保持，並以積層體之溫度(預壓接溫度)於18分鐘內達到90℃之方式進行加熱後，恢復至大氣壓，終止預壓接，獲得預脫氣後積層體。
關於所得預脫氣後積層體，利用以下方法對平行光線透射率進行評價。
即，根據JIS K 7105，對預脫氣後積層體之平行光線透射率Tp(%)使用霧度計(村上色彩技術研究所公司製造，HM-150)進行測定。
測定位置係預脫氣後積層體之2條對角線所交差之中央部、於對角線方向上距預脫氣後積層體之各頂點5.6cm之4點，合計5點，將其平均值設為Tp。
測定前自積層體切出以上述測定點為中心對測定值不造成影響之範圍之大小，將其作為測定用樣本。
再者，層合玻璃之透明性之下降係起因於預壓接時之脫氣不良。因此，相較於對層合玻璃之發泡性等進行評價，藉由對預脫氣後積層體之可見光線透射率進行測定，能夠更精密地評價層合玻璃用中間膜之脫氣性。
[產業上之可利用性]
根據本發明，可提供一種即便利用夾輥法亦能夠發揮高脫氣性、能夠不產生氣泡而製造目視辨認性高之層合玻璃的層合玻璃用中間膜、及使用有該層合玻璃用中間膜之層合玻璃。
Claims (4)
- 一種層合玻璃用中間膜，其於至少一表面具有大量凹部與大量凸部，該凹部具有底部連續之槽形狀，鄰接之該凹部平行且規則地並排，其特徵在於：該底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之底部之旋轉半徑R相對於該底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之間隔Sm的比率(R/Sm×100)為15%以上，且該底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之間隔Sm為300μm以下。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之層合玻璃用中間膜，其中，底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之底部之旋轉半徑R為20~250μm。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之層合玻璃用中間膜，其中，底部連續之槽形狀之凹部之間隔Sm為100~300μm。
- 一種層合玻璃，其於一對玻璃板之間積層有申請專利範圍第1、2或3項之層合玻璃用中間膜。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014202339 | 2014-09-30 | ||
| PCT/JP2015/077856 WO2016052666A1 (ja) | 2014-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
| WOPCT/JP2015/077856 | 2015-09-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201711838A TW201711838A (en) | 2017-04-01 |
| TWI716387B true TWI716387B (zh) | 2021-01-21 |
Family
ID=55630688
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW105108001A TWI716387B (zh) | 2014-09-30 | 2016-03-16 | 層合玻璃用中間膜及層合玻璃 |
| TW109102262A TW202019671A (zh) | 2014-09-30 | 2016-03-16 | 層合玻璃用中間膜及層合玻璃 |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW109102262A TW202019671A (zh) | 2014-09-30 | 2016-03-16 | 層合玻璃用中間膜及層合玻璃 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10471686B2 (zh) |
| EP (2) | EP4385728A3 (zh) |
| JP (2) | JP6683477B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR102378647B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN106164006B (zh) |
| MX (2) | MX2017003743A (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2709271C2 (zh) |
| TW (2) | TWI716387B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2016052666A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3202738B1 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2023-10-18 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Laminated glass intermediate film and laminated glass |
| JP6639912B2 (ja) | 2014-10-10 | 2020-02-05 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
| EP3597613A4 (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2021-06-23 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | INTERMEDIATE FILM FOR LAMINATED GLASS AND LAMINATED GLASS |
| KR101936085B1 (ko) * | 2017-06-15 | 2019-04-03 | 에스케이씨 주식회사 | 합판 유리용 수지 필름, 이를 포함하는 합판 유리 및 이의 제조방법 |
| MX2020003902A (es) * | 2017-10-18 | 2020-08-20 | Saint Gobain | Metodo de alineacion y laminacion mejorado para la produccion de vidrio laminado delgado a partir de paneles de vidrio que no se acoplan de forma exacta. |
| KR102002361B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-07-22 | 에스케이씨 주식회사 | 합판 유리용 수지 필름, 이를 포함하는 합판 유리 및 이의 제조방법 |
| KR102281628B1 (ko) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-07-23 | 에스케이씨 주식회사 | 접합용 필름 및 이를 포함하는 광투과 적층체 |
| CN112876794B (zh) * | 2019-11-29 | 2023-02-28 | 长春石油化学股份有限公司 | 聚合物膜及其应用 |
| US11426981B2 (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2022-08-30 | Chang Chun Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Polymer film and uses of the same |
| US11136441B2 (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2021-10-05 | Chang Chun Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Polymer film and uses of the same |
| CN112876706B (zh) * | 2019-11-29 | 2023-05-30 | 长春石油化学股份有限公司 | 聚合物膜及其应用 |
| CN112477362A (zh) * | 2020-12-05 | 2021-03-12 | 东莞市群安塑胶实业有限公司 | 离子性中间层夹胶玻璃减少气泡的制作方法 |
| CN112810307B (zh) * | 2021-01-17 | 2022-07-05 | 山东沃尔新材料有限公司 | 一种pvc装饰膜加工用温控型印刷设备 |
| US20230182448A1 (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-06-15 | Chang Chun Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Polymer film |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002104846A (ja) * | 2000-07-27 | 2002-04-10 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 合わせガラス用中間膜 |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3414592B2 (ja) * | 1996-03-07 | 2003-06-09 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 合わせガラス用中間膜 |
| US6093471A (en) | 1999-02-08 | 2000-07-25 | Solutia Inc. | Polyvinyl butyral sheet |
| CA2376547C (en) * | 1999-07-01 | 2006-09-12 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Interlayer for laminated glass and laminated glass |
| JP2001048599A (ja) * | 1999-08-02 | 2001-02-20 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 合わせガラス用中間膜 |
| DE19951444A1 (de) | 1999-10-25 | 2001-04-26 | Huels Troisdorf | Verfahren und Folie zur Herstellung von Verbundsicherheitsscheiben |
| JP2002037648A (ja) * | 2000-07-27 | 2002-02-06 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
| US7678441B2 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2010-03-16 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Interlayers for laminated safety glass with superior de-airing and laminating properties and process for making the same |
| BR112015002011B1 (pt) * | 2012-08-02 | 2021-06-08 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd | filme de intercamadas para um vidro laminado |
| KR20160039147A (ko) | 2013-08-01 | 2016-04-08 | 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 | 합판 유리용 중간막 및 합판 유리 |
| RU2687660C2 (ru) | 2013-08-01 | 2019-05-15 | Секисуй Кемикал Ко., Лтд. | Промежуточный слой ламинированного стекла и ламинированное стекло |
| US10870254B2 (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2020-12-22 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Interlayer film for laminated glass and laminated glass |
| JP6568356B2 (ja) | 2013-08-01 | 2019-08-28 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 車両用フロントガラスの製造方法 |
| RU2678343C2 (ru) | 2014-03-31 | 2019-01-28 | Секисуй Кемикал Ко., Лтд. | Внутренний пленочный слой для ламинированного стекла и ламинированное стекло |
| CA2934844A1 (en) | 2014-04-09 | 2015-10-15 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Vehicle-windshield-glass intermediate film, rolled body, and vehicle windshield glass |
| KR20200087285A (ko) | 2014-04-09 | 2020-07-20 | 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 | 합판 유리용 중간막, 롤상체, 합판 유리, 및 합판 유리의 제조 방법 |
| US10226803B2 (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2019-03-12 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Embossed thermoplastic resin sheet, engraved roll, engraved roll manufacturing method, laminated glass interlayer, and laminated glass |
| EP3202738B1 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2023-10-18 | Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. | Laminated glass intermediate film and laminated glass |
| MX2017003744A (es) | 2014-09-30 | 2017-06-30 | Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd | Pelicula intercapa para vidrio laminado, cuerpo en forma de rollo, vidrio laminado, metodo para fabricar la pelicula intercapa para vidrio laminado, y metodo para la fabricacion del cuerpo en forma de rollo. |
| JP6639912B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-10 | 2020-02-05 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
-
2015
- 2015-09-30 RU RU2017114983A patent/RU2709271C2/ru active
- 2015-09-30 MX MX2017003743A patent/MX2017003743A/es unknown
- 2015-09-30 CN CN201580017137.0A patent/CN106164006B/zh active Active
- 2015-09-30 EP EP24166063.8A patent/EP4385728A3/en active Pending
- 2015-09-30 EP EP15845698.8A patent/EP3202729B1/en active Active
- 2015-09-30 JP JP2015553979A patent/JP6683477B2/ja active Active
- 2015-09-30 KR KR1020167030564A patent/KR102378647B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2015-09-30 WO PCT/JP2015/077856 patent/WO2016052666A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2015-09-30 US US15/322,793 patent/US10471686B2/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-03-16 TW TW105108001A patent/TWI716387B/zh active
- 2016-03-16 TW TW109102262A patent/TW202019671A/zh unknown
-
2017
- 2017-03-22 MX MX2023005869A patent/MX2023005869A/es unknown
-
2020
- 2020-01-28 JP JP2020011630A patent/JP6859466B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002104846A (ja) * | 2000-07-27 | 2002-04-10 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 合わせガラス用中間膜 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6683477B2 (ja) | 2020-04-22 |
| JP2020073450A (ja) | 2020-05-14 |
| EP3202729B1 (en) | 2024-06-12 |
| MX2023005869A (es) | 2023-06-05 |
| RU2017114983A (ru) | 2018-11-05 |
| JP6859466B2 (ja) | 2021-04-14 |
| TW201711838A (en) | 2017-04-01 |
| MX2017003743A (es) | 2017-06-30 |
| RU2017114983A3 (zh) | 2019-05-06 |
| WO2016052666A1 (ja) | 2016-04-07 |
| TW202019671A (zh) | 2020-06-01 |
| KR20170066278A (ko) | 2017-06-14 |
| EP3202729A4 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
| CN106164006B (zh) | 2020-05-22 |
| JPWO2016052666A1 (ja) | 2017-07-13 |
| US10471686B2 (en) | 2019-11-12 |
| EP4385728A2 (en) | 2024-06-19 |
| EP3202729A1 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
| US20170157898A1 (en) | 2017-06-08 |
| CN106164006A (zh) | 2016-11-23 |
| RU2709271C2 (ru) | 2019-12-17 |
| EP4385728A3 (en) | 2024-09-25 |
| KR102378647B1 (ko) | 2022-03-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TWI716387B (zh) | 層合玻璃用中間膜及層合玻璃 | |
| TWI709480B (zh) | 層合玻璃用中間膜及層合玻璃 | |
| JP6556052B2 (ja) | 自動車用フロントガラス用中間膜、ロール状体及び自動車用フロントガラス | |
| CN107848881B (zh) | 夹层玻璃用中间膜、夹层玻璃用中间膜的制造方法和夹层玻璃 | |
| JP6894491B2 (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜、ロール状体、合わせガラス、及び、合わせガラスの製造方法 | |
| TWI678346B (zh) | 層合玻璃用中間膜及層合玻璃 | |
| CN108883980B (zh) | 夹层玻璃用中间膜及夹层玻璃 | |
| JP6770818B2 (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜 | |
| TWI838334B (zh) | 層合玻璃用中間膜、層合玻璃用中間膜之製造方法、及層合玻璃 | |
| CN109071338B (zh) | 夹层玻璃用中间膜及夹层玻璃 | |
| JP7252928B2 (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス | |
| JP6688652B2 (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |