TWI624000B - Apparatus and method for transportation of a carrier or a substrate - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for contactless transmission of deposition sources is provided. The device contains a deposition source component. The deposition source component contains a source of deposition. The deposition source component includes a first active magnetic unit. The device includes a guiding structure that extends in the direction of source transmission. The deposition source component is movable along the guiding structure. The first active magnetic unit and the guiding structure are configured to provide a first magnetic levitation force to suspend the deposition source component.

Description

Apparatus and method for transporting a carrier or substrate

Embodiments of the present disclosure are related to apparatus and methods for transporting a carrier or substrate, and more particularly, to a carrier or substrate for depositing a layer on a large area substrate.

Several methods for depositing materials on a substrate are known. For example, the substrate may be coated by using a vaporization process, a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process (eg, a sputtering process, a spray process, etc.), or a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. Processing may be performed in a processing chamber of the deposition apparatus in which the substrate to be coated is located. A deposition material is provided in the processing chamber. A plurality of materials (e.g., small molecules, metals, oxides, nitrides, and carbides) can be used to deposit on the substrate. Further, other processing, such as etching, structure, annealing, and the like, can be performed in the processing chamber.

For example, coating processes can be considered for large area substrates, for example, in display fabrication techniques. Coated substrates can be used in several applications and in several technical fields. For example, the application can be an organic light emitting diode (OLED) panel. Further applications include insulating panels, microelectronic devices (eg, semiconductor devices), substrates with thin film transistors (TFTs), color filters, and the like. OLEDs are solid-state devices composed of thin films of (organic) molecules that produce light in electrical applications. For example, an OLED display can provide a bright display on an electronic device and use a lower power than, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD). In the processing chamber, organic molecules (eg, vaporized, sputtered, sprayed, etc.) are produced and deposited as layers on the substrate. For example, the particles may pass through a mask having a boundary or a specific pattern to deposit material at a desired location on the substrate, for example, to form an OLED pattern on the substrate.

The alignment of the substrate relative to the mask and the quality of the processed substrate (specifically deposited layers) can be provided. For example, the alignment should be accurate and stable in order to achieve good results. Systems used for substrate and mask alignment can be susceptible to external disturbances such as vibration. Further, systems for alignment can increase the cost of ownership.

In summary, there is a need for an apparatus that provides improved control of carrier or substrate transport during deposition processing.

According to one embodiment, a method of contactlessly aligning a carrier assembly is provided. The method includes: suspending the carrier assembly in a vacuum chamber; moving the carrier assembly during suspension to place the carrier assembly relative to a predetermined position (specifically a mask or mask carrier); Aligning the carrier assembly with respect to a mask or a mask carrier in at least one direction selected from the group consisting of: a substrate transport direction, a vertical direction of +-15 degrees, and the direction combination.

In accordance with another embodiment, a method of processing a substrate of a carrier assembly is provided. The method includes a method of contactlessly aligning the carrier assembly, wherein the mask or the mask carrier is placed in the vacuum chamber; and the substrate is processed in the vacuum chamber. The method of contactlessly aligning the carrier assembly includes: suspending the carrier assembly in a vacuum chamber; moving the carrier assembly during suspension to be relative to a predetermined position (specifically a mask or mask carrier) Placing the carrier assembly; and aligning the carrier assembly with respect to the mask or mask carrier in at least one direction selected from the group consisting of: substrate transport direction, vertical +-15 degrees first Direction, and a combination of the above.

In accordance with another embodiment, an apparatus for non-contacting a carrier assembly and a mask or a mask carrier relative to one another in a vacuum chamber of a substrate processing system is provided. The apparatus includes: a guiding structure having a plurality of active magnetic units within the vacuum chamber, wherein the guiding structure is configured to suspend the carrier assembly in the vacuum chamber; a driving structure, the driving structure is The vacuum chamber has a plurality of further active magnetic units, wherein the drive structure is configured to drive the carrier assembly in a transport direction without mechanical contact; two or more alignment actuators, the two or a plurality of alignment actuators for contacting the mask, the substrate, or the mask and the substrate in the vacuum chamber; and a controller coupled to the guiding structure, the driving structure, and the two One or more alignment actuators and configured to control the plurality of active magnetic units and the plurality of further active magnetic units to provide a pre-alignment with the guiding structure and the driving structure and to provide Mechanical alignment of one or more alignment actuators.

Referring now in detail to the various embodiments of the present disclosure, FIG. In the following description of the drawings, the same reference numerals are intended to refer to the same parts. Only the differences from the individual embodiments are described. Each example is provided by way of illustration of the disclosure, and is not intended to limit the disclosure. Further, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment may be used on other embodiments (or with other embodiments) to create a further embodiment. It is intended that the specification include such modifications and changes.

Embodiments described herein relate to contactless suspension, transport, and/or alignment of carriers or substrates. The present disclosure refers to a carrier assembly that can include one or more of the group consisting of: a carrier that supports a substrate, a carrier that does not have a substrate, a substrate, or a substrate that is supported by a support. The term "non-contact" as used throughout this disclosure is conceptually understood to mean that, for example, the weight of the carrier and substrate is not maintained by mechanical contact or mechanical force, but is maintained by magnetic force. Specifically, a magnetic force is used instead of mechanical force to maintain the carrier assembly in a suspended or floating state. For example, the apparatus described herein can have no mechanical components (eg, mechanical rails) to support the weight of the deposition source component. In some implementations, there may be no mechanical contact between the carrier assembly and all remaining equipment during suspension and, for example, movement of the carrier assembly in the system.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the action or suspension of the suspension means the state of the object in which the object floats without mechanical contact or support. Further, moving a object means providing a driving force (eg, a force in a direction different from the levitation force), wherein the object moves from one position to another (eg, a different lateral position). For example, an object such as a carrier assembly (ie, by a force that resists gravity) can be suspended and can be suspended while moving in a direction different from the direction parallel to gravity.

The contactless suspension, transport, and/or alignment of the carrier assembly in accordance with embodiments described herein facilitates no mechanical contact between the deposition source component and the equipment section during transport or alignment of the carrier assembly (eg, Particles produced by mechanical rails. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein provide improved purity and uniformity of deposited layers on the substrate, particularly because of the minimization of particle generation when using contactless suspension, transport, and/or alignment.

A further advantage (compared to the mechanical components used to guide the carrier assembly) is that the embodiments described herein are not subject to linear and/or precision friction that affects the movement of the carrier assembly. The contactless transmission of the carrier assembly allows for frictionless movement of the carrier assembly, wherein the alignment of the highly accurate carrier assembly relative to the mask can be controlled and maintained. Still further, the suspension allows for rapid acceleration or deceleration of the speed of the carrier assembly and/or fine adjustment of the speed of the carrier assembly.

Further, the material of the mechanical rail is typically subjected to deformation, which may be caused by chamber venting, by temperature, use, wear, and the like. These deformations affect the position of the carrier assembly and thus the quality of the deposited layer. In contrast, the embodiments described herein allow for the compensation of potential deformations (eg, appearing in the guiding structures described herein). The embodiments described herein allow for contactless alignment of the carrier assembly based on a contactless approach in which the carrier assembly is suspended and transported. Accordingly, improved and/or more efficient alignment of the substrate relative to the mask can be provided.

According to an embodiment (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein), the apparatus is configured for the carrier assembly to be in a vertical direction (eg, the y-direction) and/or along one or more lateral directions (eg, , x direction) no contact translation.

Embodiments described herein allow for contactless rotation of the carrier assembly relative to at least one axis of rotation (for example, angularly aligning the carrier assembly relative to the mask). Rotation of the deposition source assembly over an angular range from 0.003 degrees to 3 degrees with respect to the axis of rotation can be provided. Embodiments described herein allow for additional mechanical rotation (ie, contact) of the carrier assembly relative to at least one axis of rotation for angular alignment of the carrier assembly (eg, relative to the mask). Mechanical rotation of the deposition source assembly over a range of angles from 0.0001 degrees to 3 degrees with respect to the axis of rotation can be provided.

In the present disclosure, the technical term "substantially parallel" direction may include directions that cause small angles (or even as high as 15 degrees) of up to 10 degrees from each other. Further, the technical term "substantially perpendicular" direction may include directions that cause an angle of less than 90 degrees to each other (eg, at least 80 degrees or at least 75 degrees). Similar considerations apply to concepts of substantially parallel or vertical axes, planes, areas, and the like.

Some embodiments described herein relate to the concept of "vertical direction." Consider the vertical direction as being substantially parallel to the direction extending along the gravitational force. The vertical direction may deviate from true verticality (true verticality is defined by gravity), for example, angles up to 15 degrees. For example, the y-direction (indicated by Y in the drawing) described herein is a vertical direction. Specifically, the y-direction shown in the figure defines the direction of gravity.

Embodiments described herein may further relate to the concept of "lateral direction." Understand the lateral direction to distinguish it from the vertical direction. The transverse direction may be vertical or substantially perpendicular to the true vertical direction defined by gravity. For example, the x-direction and the z-direction (indicated by X and Z in the drawings) described herein are lateral directions.

Embodiments described herein can be used to coat large area substrates, for example, for display fabrication. The substrate or substrate receiving area provided by the apparatus and method described herein can be a large area substrate. For example, a large-area substrate or carrier can be GEN 4.5, corresponding to a substrate of approximately 0.67 m ² (0.73 x 0.92 m), GEN 5, corresponding to a substrate of approximately 1.4 m ² (1.1 mx 1.3 m), GEN 7.5, corresponding to approximately 4.29 m ² substrate (1.95 mx 2.2 m), GEN 8.5, corresponding to approximately 5.7 m ² substrate (2.2 mx 2.5 m), or even GEN 10, corresponding to approximately 8.7 m ² substrate (2.85 mx 3.05 m). It is similarly possible to implement even larger generations such as GEN 11 and GEN 12 and corresponding substrate areas.

The term "substrate" as used herein may specifically possess a substantially rigid substrate, such as a wafer, a slice of a transparent crystal such as sapphire or the like, or a glass plate. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto and the term "substrate" may have an elastic substrate such as a mesh or a foil. Understand the term "substantial rigidity" to distinguish it from "elasticity". In particular, a substantially rigid substrate may have some degree of elasticity (eg, a glass sheet having a thickness of 0.5 mm or less), wherein the substantially rigid substrate is less elastic than the elastic substrate.

The substrate can be made of any material suitable for material deposition. For example, the substrate may be made of a material selected from the group consisting of: glass (eg, soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, etc.), metal, polymer, ceramic, compound material, carbon fiber material, which may be coated by a deposition process Metal or any other material or combination of materials.

As illustrated in FIG. 1A, an apparatus 100 for contactless transmission of carrier assembly 110 and/or substrate 120 is provided in accordance with an embodiment. The device includes a carrier assembly 110. The carrier assembly 110 can include a substrate 120. The carrier assembly 110 includes a first passive magnetic unit 150. The apparatus includes a guiding structure 170 that extends in the direction of transport of the carrier assembly. The guiding structure includes a plurality of active magnetic units 175. The carrier assembly 110 is movable along the guiding structure 170. A first passive magnetic unit 150 (eg, a ferromagnetic material rod) and a plurality of active magnetic units of the guiding structure 170 are configured to provide a first magnetic levitation force to suspend the carrier assembly 110. The member for suspension described herein is a member for providing a contactless force to suspend, for example, a carrier assembly.

According to an embodiment (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein), device 100 may be arranged in a processing chamber. The processing chamber can be a vacuum chamber or a vacuum deposition chamber. The term "vacuum" as used herein is conceptually understood to mean a technical vacuum having a vacuum pressure lower than, for example, 10 mbar. Apparatus 100 can include one or more vacuum pumps (e.g., a turbo pump and/or a low temperature pump) coupled to a vacuum chamber to create a vacuum inside the vacuum chamber.

FIG. 1A shows a side view of device 100. Apparatus 100 includes a carrier assembly 110. Further, the device includes a guiding structure 170. The device can further include a drive structure 180. The drive structure includes a plurality of further active magnetic units. The carrier assembly can include a second passive magnetic unit 160 (eg, a ferromagnetic material rod) to interact with the further active magnetic unit 185 of the drive structure 180. Figure 1 shows a side view of the X-Y plane. Figure 1B shows a top view of device 100 of Figure 1A. Figure 1B shows the X-Z plane. A plurality of active magnetic units 175 are shown from the top in FIG. 1B. FIG. 1C shows another side view of device 100. Figure 1C shows the Z-Y plane. In Figure 1C, an active magnetic unit 175 of a plurality of active magnetic units is shown. The active magnetic unit 175 provides a magnetic force that interacts with the first passive magnetic unit 150 of the carrier assembly 110. For example, the first passive magnetic unit 150 can be a ferromagnetic material cord. The tether can be a portion of the carrier assembly 110 that is coupled to the support structure 112. The cord or first passive magnetic unit may also be integrally formed integrally with the support structure 112 to support the substrate 120. The carrier assembly 110 can further include a second passive magnetic unit 160, such as a further cord. A further cord can be coupled to the carrier assembly 110. The cord or the second passive magnetic unit may also be integrally formed integrally with the support structure 112.

The technical term "passive" magnetic unit is used herein to distinguish it from the concept of "active" magnetic unit. A passive magnetic unit may mean an element having magnetic properties that is not subject to active control or adjustment, at least during operation of device 100. For example, the magnetic properties of a passive magnetic unit (eg, a rope or further rope of a carrier assembly) are not subject to active control during movement of the carrier assembly through the deposition apparatus or general processing equipment. According to an embodiment (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein), the controller of device 100 is not configured to control the passive magnetic unit of the deposition source component. A passive magnetic unit can be adapted to generate a magnetic field, such as a static magnetic field. The passive magnetic unit can be unconfigured to produce an adjustable magnetic field. The passive magnetic unit can be a magnetic material, such as a ferromagnetic material, a permanent magnet, or can have permanent magnetic properties.

Compared to passive magnetic units, active magnetic units provide more flexibility and precision for the adjustability and control of the magnetic field generated by the active magnetic unit. In accordance with embodiments described herein, the magnetic field generated by the active magnetic unit can be controlled to provide alignment of the carrier assembly 110. For example, by controlling the adjustable magnetic field, the magnetic levitation force acting on the carrier assembly 110 can be controlled with high precision, thereby allowing the carrier assembly to be in contactless alignment with the substrate by the active magnetic unit.

In accordance with the embodiments described herein, the plurality of active magnetic units 175 provide the first passive magnetic unit 150 and the magnetic force on the carrier assembly 110. A plurality of active magnetic units 175 suspend the carrier assembly 110. Further active magnetic unit 185 drives the carrier within the processing system, such as along the X direction, that is, the first direction along the substrate transport direction. Accordingly, a plurality of further active magnetic units 185 form a drive structure for moving the carrier assembly 110 while being suspended by a plurality of active magnetic units 175. Further active magnetic unit 185 interacts with second passive magnetic unit 160 to provide a force along the substrate transport direction. For example, the second passive magnetic unit 160 can include a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in alternating polarities. The final magnetic field of the second passive magnetic unit 160 can interact with a plurality of further active magnetic units 185 to move the carrier assembly 110 simultaneously.

To suspend the carrier assembly 110 and the plurality of active magnetic units 175 and/or the mobile carrier assembly 110 and the plurality of further active magnetic units 185, the active magnetic unit can be controlled to provide an adjustable magnetic field. The adjustable magnetic field can be a static or dynamic magnetic field. According to an embodiment (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein), the active magnetic unit is configured to generate a magnetic field to provide a magnetic field levitation force extending in a vertical direction. According to other embodiments (which may be combined with further embodiments described herein), the active magnetic unit may be configured to generate a magnetic force that extends in a lateral direction. The active magnetic unit described herein can be or comprise an element selected from the group consisting of: an electromagnetic device, an electromagnetic coil, a coil, a superconducting magnet, or any combination thereof.

Figure 2 shows an apparatus 200 for processing a substrate in a vacuum chamber. Vacuum chamber 252 may, for example, have a chamber wall 253. A gate valve 262 can be provided in the chamber wall 253. The gate valve can be opened to load the carrier assembly 110 into and out of the vacuum chamber 252. One or more guiding structures 170 are provided. The one or more guiding structures may include a plurality of active magnetic units 175. 2 shows an embodiment of an apparatus 200 having two gate valves 262 and two guiding structures 170. Accordingly, the two carrier assemblies 110 can be loaded and unloaded from the vacuum chamber 252 (eg, alternately or simultaneously). Alternating loading and unloading of the carrier assembly 110 has the advantage that the processing tool (eg, deposition source) can individually process the substrate of the carrier assembly while unloading or loading another substrate of another carrier assembly. Accordingly, the throughput of the apparatus 200 can be increased.

As shown in FIG. 2, apparatus 200 further includes a maintenance chamber 254, which may be, for example, a further vacuum chamber. The sustain chamber 254 can be separated from the vacuum chamber 252 by a further gate valve 264. According to one embodiment (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein), device 200 may be a deposition device. The deposition source assembly 270 can move along the track 272. A portion of the track 272 or track 272 can extend into the maintenance chamber 254 to move the deposition source assembly from the vacuum chamber 252 into the maintenance chamber 254. Moving the deposition source assembly 270 into the maintenance chamber has the advantage that the deposition source assembly can be maintained outside of the vacuum chamber 252. For example, after further gate valve 264 is closed, maintenance chamber 254 can be vented to have a maintained access deposition source assembly while vacuum chamber 252 can maintain exhaust. According to some embodiments, the second deposition source component 270 can operate in the vacuum chamber 252 while the first deposition source component 270 can be maintained in the maintenance chamber 254. Additionally or alternatively, the reduced number of times the vacuum chamber 252 requires ventilation results in a cleaner environment in the vacuum chamber 252.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, which may be combined with other embodiments described herein, the deposition source component 270 can include a support 274. The support 274 can include a drive unit to move the deposition source assembly 270 along the track 272. Support 274 can further include a magnetic unit to suspend deposition source components. One or more deposition sources may be included in the deposition source component. As exemplified in Figure 2, the support 274 supports three turns 276 to vaporize the material to be deposited on the substrate. The vaporized material can be directed in a vapor distribution element or vapor distribution tube 278. The vapor distribution element or vapor distribution tube can direct the vaporized material onto the substrate mounted on the carrier of the carrier assembly 110.

Figure 2 shows the deposition source assembly facing the substrate of the upper carrier assembly 110 of Figure 2. The deposition source component is movable along a substrate mounted on a carrier of the carrier assembly. For example, the deposition source component can include one or more line sources. The combination of wire source and movement that provides deposition source components allows for the deposition of materials on rectangular substrates, such as large area substrates fabricated for displays. According to a further embodiment, the dispensing tube of the deposition source assembly can include one or more point sources that can be moved along the surface of the substrate.

In addition to the translation of the deposition source component, the deposition source component can also rotate the deposition source such that the deposition source is directed toward the substrate of the lower carrier assembly 110 shown in FIG. Accordingly, the carrier assembly 110 can be loaded away from and into the vacuum chamber 252 at the first position of the upper and lower positions shown in FIG. 2, while the upper and lower positions shown in FIG. 2 can be processed. Corresponding to the substrate of the carrier assembly at another location. After processing the corresponding substrate, loading of a new substrate, such as on the carrier assembly 110, can be accomplished. After rotating one or more deposition sources of deposition source component 270, the substrate loaded at the first location of the upper and lower locations shown in FIG. 2 can be processed. Similarly, loading of another substrate in other locations may occur during processing (eg, depositing a layer) of the substrate at the first location.

According to an embodiment, the velocity of the deposition source component along the source transport direction can be controlled to control the deposition rate. The speed of the deposition source component can be adjusted instantly under the control of the controller. Adjustments can be provided to compensate for deposition rate changes. A velocity profile can be defined. The velocity profile determines the velocity of the deposition source component at different locations. A speed profile can be provided to the controller or stored in the controller. The controller can control the drive system such that the velocity of the deposition source component is based on the velocity profile. Accordingly, immediate control and adjustment of the deposition rate can be provided, so that layer uniformity can be further improved. The translation of the deposition source component along the source transport direction (as considered in the embodiments described herein) allows for high coating accuracy during the coating process, specifically high masking accuracy, since the substrate and mask can be coated Stay still during the period.

As shown in FIG. 2, a mask 212 can be provided between the deposition source assembly 270 and the substrate of the carrier assembly 110. Figure 2 shows the first mask 212 in the upper position (i.e., the location between the deposition source assembly and the upper carrier assembly 110) and the second mask 212 in the lower position (i.e., at the deposition source assembly) And the position between the lower carrier assemblies 110).

According to embodiments described herein and as described in more detail in relation to Figures 5 and 6, the mask may be an edge exclusion mask or may be a mask (a shadow mask for depositing a pattern on the substrate). According to embodiments described herein, the mask may be supported by the mask carrier. Accordingly, the mask carrier can also be referenced to provide a suspension alignment of the mechanical contact of the mask referred to herein. Embodiments of the present disclosure are moving carrier assemblies that are suspended in a processing device. The movement of the suspended carrier assembly allows for higher placement accuracy (compared to the movement of the mechanically supported carrier assembly, i.e., non-contactless support for mechanical contact with, for example, a substrate transfer roller). In particular, the movement of the suspended carrier assembly allows for a high position of substrate placement in the transport direction and/or the vertical direction (eg, the X and Y directions of FIGS. 1A-1C). In accordance with the embodiments described herein, the placement accuracy of the carrier assembly allows for improved alignment of the substrate relative to the mask 212 supported by the carrier of the carrier assembly. The alignment can be modified to provide the precision required for some mask configurations, or can be modified to allow for reduced complexity of the split alignment system for some other mask configurations.

In accordance with the present disclosure, apparatus and methods for vertical substrate processing can be used. Wherein, during substrate processing, the substrate is oriented vertically, i.e., the substrate is aligned parallel to the vertical direction described herein, i.e., allows for possible deviations from true perpendicularity. Small deviations from the true perpendicularity of the substrate orientation can be provided, for example because substrate support with this offset can result in a more stable substrate position or reduced particle adhesion on the substrate surface. The necessary vertical substrate may have a deviation from the vertical orientation of +-15 degrees or less. Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure may mean that the reference substrate is oriented in a direction that is +-15 degrees vertically.

Figures 3A and 3B show another embodiment of the apparatus to provide a vertical substrate orientation in which a small deviation of 15 degrees or less in absolute value can be provided. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the substrate 120 supported by the support 112 may be slightly inclined to face downward. This reduces particles that adhere to the surface of the substrate during substrate processing. FIG. 3A shows a carrier assembly having a first passive magnetic unit 150 and a second passive magnetic unit 160. A support 112 for supporting the substrate 120 may be provided between the first passive magnetic unit and the second passive magnetic unit. FIG. 3A further illustrates the guiding structure 170 and the drive structure 180. The carrier assembly shown in FIG. 3A is tilted, that is, by providing a further active magnetic unit 370 or a plurality of further active magnetic units 370 distributed along the length of the guiding structure 170, the carrier assembly having a self-vertical A slight deviation in orientation in which the second passive magnetic unit 160 is attracted by the further active magnetic unit 370. Accordingly, the carrier assembly is provided in a suspended state wherein the lower end of the carrier assembly is pulled laterally by the further active magnetic unit 370. Other components may also be provided to laterally pull the lower end of the carrier assembly without mechanical contact.

According to a further embodiment, the deviation from the vertical orientation can also be provided by a passive magnetic unit (e.g., a permanent magnet). For example, the carrier assembly can have a permanent magnet, be provided as a second passive magnetic unit 160, or, in addition, for example, adjacent to the second passive magnetic unit 160. A further permanent magnet can be provided below the permanent magnet. Further permanent magnets and permanent magnets having opposite magnetic properties may be provided to attract each other. By attraction, the carrier assembly can be offset from the vertical orientation. Further, the attraction can provide guidance along the direction of transport. According to further embodiments (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein), a further pair of permanent magnets may be provided to provide a guiding force at the upper side of the carrier. Accordingly, a permanent magnet of the second pair of permanent magnets can be provided in the upper region of the carrier assembly, and a corresponding permanent magnet of the second pair of permanent magnets can be provided in the region adjacent to the guiding structure. Guide along the transport direction can be provided by the attraction between the second pair of permanent magnets.

FIG. 3B shows another embodiment of the present disclosure having a first passive magnetic unit 150 and a second passive magnetic unit 160. In order to provide a tilted substrate orientation of the substrate 120 (i.e., slightly offset from the vertical orientation, for example, by an absolute value of 15 degrees or less), the support 112 is shaped to provide substrate tilt while the carrier assembly is vertical.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a carrier assembly (eg, vehicle assembly 110 shown herein) can include one or more maintenance devices (not shown) that are configured for use with The substrate 120 is maintained at a flat plate or frame. The one or more maintenance devices may comprise at least one of: mechanical, electrostatic, electric (van der Waals), electromagnetic and/or magnetic components, such as mechanical and/or magnetic clamps.

In some implementations, the carrier assembly contains or is an electrostatic clamp (E clamp). The E-clamp can have a support surface, such as the support 112 shown in Figures 1C, 3A, and 3B, to support the substrate 120 on the E-clamp. In one embodiment, the E-clamp comprises a dielectric body having an electrode embedded in the dielectric body. The dielectric body can be made of a dielectric material, preferably a highly thermally conductive dielectric material such as pyrolytic boron nitride, aluminum nitride, tantalum nitride, aluminum or equivalent materials. The electrodes can be coupled to a source of power to provide power to the electrodes to control the clamping force. The clamping force is an electrostatic force acting on the substrate 120 to fix the substrate on the supporting surface of the support.

In some implementations, the carrier assembly 110 includes or is an electric clamp or a Gecko clamp (G clamp). The G clamp may have a support surface for supporting a substrate on the G clamp. The clamping force can be an electrical force acting on the substrate to secure the substrate to the support surface.

4A and 4B illustrate the operational state of device 100 in accordance with an embodiment (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein). Figures 4A and 4B show side views of device 100. As shown, the guiding structure 170 can extend along the direction of transport of the carrier assembly, that is, the X direction in Figures 4A and 4B. The transport direction of the carrier assembly is the lateral direction described herein. The guiding structure 170 can have a linear shape extension along the transport direction. The length of the guiding structure 170 along the source transport direction may be from 1 to 30 m.

In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 4A and 4B, the alignable substrate 120 is substantially parallel to the plane of the drawing, for example, having a deviation of +15 degrees. The substrate may be provided in the substrate receiving area during substrate processing (eg, deposited layer processing). The substrate receiving area has dimensions, such as length and width, that are the same or slightly larger (e.g., 5 to 20%) than the corresponding dimensions of the substrate.

During operation of the device 100, the carrier assembly 110 can be translatable along the guiding structure 170 in the transport direction (eg, the X direction). 4A and 4B show the carrier assembly 110 at different locations relative to the guiding structure 170 along the X direction. A horizontal arrow 485 indicates the driving force of the drive structure 180. As a result, translation of the carrier assembly 110 along the guiding structure 170 from left to right is provided. Vertical arrow 475 indicates the levitation force acting on the carrier assembly.

The first passive magnetic unit 150 may have a magnetic property in the transport direction substantially along the length of the first passive magnetic unit 150. The magnetic field generated by the active magnetic unit 175' interacts with the magnetic properties of the first passive magnetic unit 150 to provide a first magnetic levitation force and a second magnetic levitation force. Accordingly, contactless suspension, transport, and alignment of the carrier assembly 110 can be provided.

As shown in Figure 4A, the carrier assembly 110 is provided at a first location. In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, two or more active magnetic units 175' (e.g., two or three active magnetic units 175') are activated by controller 440 to generate a magnetic field for suspending carrier assembly 110. In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the carrier assembly is suspended below the guiding structure 170 without mechanical contact.

In Figure 4A, two active magnetic units 175' provide a magnetic force, indicated by arrow 475. The magnetic force contacts the gravity to suspend the carrier assembly. Controller 440 controls two active magnetic units 175' that are specifically used to individually control the two active magnetic units to maintain the carrier assembly in a suspended state. Further, one or more further active magnetic units 185' are controlled by controller 440. The further active magnetic unit interacts with a second passive magnetic unit 160 (e.g., a set of alternating permanent magnets) to produce a driving force as indicated by arrow 485. The driving force moves the substrate in the transport direction (eg, the substrate supported by the support of the carrier assembly). As shown in FIG. 4A, the transmission direction may be the X direction. In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein), the number of further active magnetic units 185' (while controlled to provide a driving force) is 1 to 3. According to other embodiments, control of the further active magnetic unit 185' may also be provided by a second controller that is different than the controller 440 that controls the active magnetic unit 175'.

The movement of the carrier assembly moves the substrate in a transport direction (eg, the X direction). Accordingly, at the first location, the substrate is placed under the first group of active magnetic units 175', and at further different locations, the substrate is placed under further different groups of active magnetic units 175'. Controller 440 controls which active magnetic unit 175' provides levitation force for individual locations and controls individual active magnetic units to suspend the carrier assembly. For example, the levitation force can be provided by the subsequent active magnetic unit 175' while the substrate is moving. In accordance with embodiments described herein, the carrier assembly is handed over from one set of active magnetic units to another set of active magnetic units.

Figure 4B shows the carrier assembly in a second position. The position shown in Figure 4B corresponds to a processing location in which the substrate is processed. In the processing position, the carrier assembly can be moved to the desired position. The substrate is aligned relative to the mask to the contactless transport system described in this disclosure.

In the second position, as exemplified in FIG. 4B, the two active magnetic units 175' provide a first magnetic force indicated by arrow 494 and a second magnetic force indicated by arrow 496. Controller 440 controls the two active magnetic units 175' to provide alignment in the vertical direction, such as the Y direction in Figure 4B. Further, in addition or alternatively, the controller 440 controls the two active magnetic units 175' to provide alignment with the carrier assembly rotating in the X-Y plane. By comparing the position of the dotted wire carrier assembly 410 with the position of the carrier assembly 110 drawn in solid lines, two alignment movements can be exemplarily seen in FIG. 4B.

The controller can be configured to control the active magnetic unit 175' to alignably align the carrier assembly in a vertical direction. By controlling the active magnetic unit, the carrier assembly 110 can be placed into a target vertical position. The carrier assembly 110 can be maintained in the target vertical position under the control of the controller 440. In accordance with an embodiment (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein), the controller is configured to control the active magnetic unit 175' relative to the first axis of rotation (eg, perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the primary substrate surface, eg, in the present The rotation axis extending in the Z direction of the disclosure is angularly aligned with the deposition source.

In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, an alignment range from 0.1 mm to 3 mm can be used to provide alignment of the vertical (Y-direction) carrier assembly, specifically contactless alignment. Further, the alignment accuracy in the vertical direction (specifically, contactless alignment accuracy) may be 50 μm or less, for example, 1 μm to 10 μm, for example, 5 μm. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the rotational alignment accuracy (specifically, contactless alignment accuracy) may be 3 degrees or less.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more further active magnetic units 185' may provide a driving force as indicated by arrow 498. The controller controls one or more further active magnetic units 185' to provide alignment in the transport direction, such as the X direction in Figure 4B. In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, an alignment range extending along the length of the guiding structure can be used to provide alignment of the carrier assembly in the transport direction (X direction). Further, the alignment accuracy in the transport direction (specifically, contactless alignment accuracy) may be 50 μm or less, for example, 5 μm or 30 μm.

Figure 5 shows an embodiment of mask alignment (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein). The mask 512 shown in Figure 5 is an edge exclusion mask. The edge exclusion mask covers a portion of the edge of the substrate 120 by providing an edge 514 of the mask 512. For example, the width 516 of the portion of the substrate 120 can be 10 mm or less, such as 5 mm or less. The open area (or opening 518) is provided by the edge 514, that is, surrounded by the edge 514. Partition walls may optionally be provided in the middle of the edge exclusion mask 512 such that there are two or more openings 518 surrounded by corresponding edges. However, the openings are not configured to define pattern features. The opening is configured to define a substrate area. For example, the area of opening 518 shown in Figure 5 is at least 80% of the area of the substrate. For embodiments having two or more openings, each opening is an area of at least 0.1% of the area of the substrate.

FIG. 5 shows a carrier assembly 110 having a substrate 120 supported on a carrier assembly 110. The carrier assembly 110 can be aligned with the substrate 120 relative to the mask 512 due to the edge 514 of the mask. In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, alignment of the carrier assembly and the mask is performed by control of the active magnetic unit, such as the active magnetic unit 175' of the guiding structure 170 and/or the further active magnetic unit 185' of the driving structure 180. According to some embodiments (specifically for the mask of the edge exclusion mask), alignment accuracy using the alignment of the active magnetic elements may be sufficient to handle the required accuracy of the substrate. Accordingly, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein), the alignment of the substrate and the mask relative to one another is provided by an active magnetic unit of a substrate transport system that suspends the substrate transport system A substrate, for example, a substrate transfer system without mechanical contact.

For example, display fabrication (eg, fabricating an OLED display) can include a metallization process in which a large area conductive layer is provided on the substrate, such as corresponding to the area of one or more openings 518 in FIG. The edge exclusion mask 512 can be used for metallization. The alignment of the substrate and the mask relative to each other can be provided by guiding the active magnetic unit of the structure and/or the active magnetic unit of the drive structure. The accuracy of alignment with the active magnetic unit (e.g., an accuracy of 50 μm or less) may be sufficient for metallization.

Figure 6 shows a further embodiment of mask alignment. FIG. 6 shows a shadow mask 612 that includes a plurality of small openings 614. For example, the area of the opening (i.e., the area of a feature to be patterned) may be 0.01% or less of the area of the substrate. FIG. 6 shows a carrier assembly 110 having a substrate 120 supported on a carrier assembly 110. Pre-alignment can be performed by controlling the active magnetic element (e.g., the active magnetic element 175' of the guiding structure 170 and/or the further active magnetic unit 185') of the drive structure 180. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein), the substrate and the pre-alignment of the mask relative to each other are provided by an active magnetic element of a substrate transport system that suspends the substrate, For example, a substrate transfer system without mechanical contact. Pre-alignment can have an accuracy of 50 μm or less. The accuracy of the pre-alignment allows the use of alignment actuators 630, such as piezoelectric actuators (eg, piezoelectric alignment actuators), to reduce the complexity of the alignment unit or alignment system. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the alignment unit or alignment system may comprise two or more, such as four alignment actuators. Alignment actuators can have a reduced complexity compared to conventional alignment actuators (using the usual alignment actuators to have the aforementioned accuracy of pre-alignment). In summary, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, alignment with the active magnetic components of the substrate transport system can reduce the cost of ownership of the processing system. Alignment units or alignment systems with reduced complexity are described in relation to Figures 7 through 9 below.

7 and 8 show schematic views of a maintenance array 700 of substrate carriers 111 and mask carriers 740 for supporting the carrier assembly 110 during deposition of layers in the processing chamber, in accordance with embodiments described herein. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a sustaining arrangement 700 for supporting a substrate carrier 111 and a mask carrier 740 during deposition of a layer in a processing chamber, in accordance with an embodiment described herein. Figure 9 shows a schematic view of a maintenance arrangement with four alignment actuators.

The alignment system used on the vertical operating tool can be operated from outside the processing chamber, that is, from the atmosphere side. The alignment system can be attached to the substrate carrier and the mask carrier using a rigid arm, for example, extending through the processing chamber wall. The mechanical path between the mask carrier or mask and the substrate carrier or substrate is long, making the system susceptible to external interference (vibration, heating, etc.) and tolerance.

In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a maintenance arrangement having two or more alignment actuators that provide a short connection path between the mask carrier and the substrate carrier. According to the embodiments described herein, maintaining the alignment is less susceptible to external interference and the quality of the deposited layer can be improved.

The sustaining arrangement 700 includes two or more alignment actuators connectable to at least one of the substrate carrier 111 and the mask carrier 740, wherein the array 700 is maintained Configuring to support the substrate carrier 111 in a first plane or parallel to the first plane, and the first alignment actuators 710 of the two or more alignment actuators are configured to be at least relative in the first direction Y Moving the carrier assembly and the mask carrier 740 to each other, and the second alignment actuators 720 of the two or more alignment actuators are configured to be at least in the first direction Y and different from the first direction Y The carrier assembly and the mask carrier 740 are moved relative to each other in the two directions X, and wherein the first direction Y and the second direction X are located in the first plane. Two or more alignment actuators may also be referred to as "alignment blocks."

The mask 725 can be coupled to the mask carrier 740 in accordance with some embodiments described herein, which can be combined with other embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the sustaining arrangement 700 is configured to support at least one of the substrate carrier 111 and the mask carrier 740 in a substantially vertical orientation, particularly during deposition.

By moving the carrier assembly and the mask carrier 740 relative to each other at least in the first direction Y and the second direction X using two or more alignment actuators, the substrate 120 can be relative to the mask carrier 740 or The mask 725 is aligned and the quality of the deposited layer can be improved.

Two or more alignment actuators can be coupled to at least one of the carrier assembly and the mask carrier 140. For example, two or more alignment actuators can be coupled to the carrier assembly or substrate carrier 111, while two or more alignment actuators are configured to move the substrate carrier 130 relative to the mask carrier 140 . The mask carrier 140 can be in a fixed or rest position. In other examples, two or more alignment actuators can be coupled to the mask carrier 140 and the two or more alignment actuators configured to move the mask carrier 140 relative to the substrate carrier 111 . The substrate carrier 111 can be in a fixed or stationary position.

In the maintenance arrangement of FIG. 9, the two or more alignment actuators include at least one of a third alignment actuator 930 and a fourth alignment actuator 940. According to some embodiments (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein), two or more alignment actuators are configured to be in a first plane (eg, in the X and Y directions) or parallel to the first plane The carrier assembly or substrate carrier 111 or mask carrier 140 is moved or aligned and configured to adjust or change the angular position of the substrate carrier 130 or mask carrier 140 in a first plane or parallel to the first plane.

In some implementations, at least one of the two or more alignment actuators is configured to move the substrate 120 and the mask carrier 140 relative to each other in a third direction Z, in particular, wherein The third direction is substantially perpendicular to the first plane and/or the substrate surface 711. For example, the first alignment actuator 710 and the second alignment actuator 720 are configured to move the substrate carrier 111 or the mask carrier 140 in the third direction Z. In some implementations, the distance between the substrate 120 and the mask 725 can be adjusted by moving the carrier assembly or substrate carrier 111 or the mask carrier 140 in a third direction Z. For example, the distance between the substrate 120 or the substrate carrier 111 and the mask 725 can be adjusted to be substantially constant in the area of the substrate surface 711, which is configured for depositing a layer on the substrate surface 711. According to some embodiments, the distance may be less than 1 mm, specifically less than 500 microns, and more specifically less than 50 microns.

According to some embodiments (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein), the first alignment actuator 710 floats relative to the second direction X. The term "floating" is understood to mean that the first alignment actuator 710 allows the substrate carrier 130 to move in the second direction X, for example, by the second alignment actuator 720.

The substrate carrier 111 can have a first edge portion 732 and a second edge portion 734. The first edge portion and the second edge portion may be located on opposite sides of the substrate carrier 111. A substrate area of the substrate carrier (where the substrate 120 can be placed) can be provided between the first edge portion 732 and the second edge portion 734. For example, the first edge portion 732 can be an upper edge portion or a top edge portion of the substrate carrier. The second edge portion 734 can be a lower edge portion or a bottom edge portion of the substrate carrier.

A first alignment actuator 710 and a second alignment actuator 720 are provided at the first edge portion 732 and the second edge portion 734, in accordance with some embodiments (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein). In some implementations, a first alignment actuator 710 and a second alignment actuator 720 can be provided in a corner or corner region of the substrate carrier 111, for example, at the first edge portion 732 or the second edge portion 734. In the corner or corner area.

According to some embodiments (which may be combined with other embodiments described herein), the two or more alignment actuators may be electrical or pneumatic actuators. For example, two or more alignment actuators can be linear alignment actuators. In some implementations, the two or more alignment actuators can include at least one actuator selected by the group consisting of: a stepper actuator, a brushless actuator, a DC (direct current) Actuators, voice coil actuators, and piezoelectric actuators. The term "actuator" may mean a motor, such as a stepper motor. Two or more alignment actuators can be configured to move or place the carrier assembly or substrate carrier 111 with a precision of less than about +/- 1 micron for the substrate. For example, two or more alignment actuators can be configured with an accuracy of at least +/- 0.5 microns in at least one of the first direction Y, the second direction X, and the third direction Z (and specific The substrate carrier 111 is moved or placed about 0.1 micron.

In some implementations, moving the substrate in at least one of the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction can be performed by simultaneously or sequentially driving the two or more alignment actuators.

Figure 10 shows a flow diagram illustrating a method of contactlessly aligning a carrier assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in block 902, the vehicle assembly is suspended. For example, the active magnetic unit 175' is enabled and/or controlled by the controller 440 to provide a magnetic force to counteract gravity. The magnetic force helps to suspend the carrier assembly. Block 904 shows the mobile carrier assembly to place the carrier assembly relative to the mask. In accordance with embodiments described herein, the carrier assembly is suspended while the mobile or moving carrier assembly is in progress. Block 906 shows the alignment of the carrier assembly relative to the mask. Accordingly, the movement of the carrier assembly is controlled to provide placement with sufficient accuracy, i.e., alignment of the carrier assembly relative to the mask.

In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, the carrier assembly and/or the mask may alternatively be mechanically contacted, for example, using alignment actuators to provide further mechanical alignment. In this case, the alignments shown in block 906 can be pre-aligned.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a transport system or maintenance device for a carrier assembly is configured to provide alignment or at least pre-alignment. The methods described herein provide for movement of the carrier assembly without mechanical contact, such as simultaneous suspension, wherein the contactless transmission system allows for sufficient precision to align the substrates relative to one another (eg, by the carrier and/or carrier assembly) Part of the supported substrate) and the mask. For example, the accuracy may be 100 μm or less, such as 50 μm or less.

The present disclosure has several advantages including avoiding the complexity of separating the alignment actuators for some applications or at least reducing the alignment actuators for many applications. Improved and/or more efficient alignment of the substrate relative to the mask can be provided. Accordingly, the cost of ownership of the processing system can be reduced. Further, some embodiments of the present disclosure allow for increased throughput. Further advantages include, inter alia, reduced particle generation in processing systems, such as deposition systems for large area substrates, such as those used in the manufacture of OLED displays. For example, improved purity and uniformity of the layers deposited on the substrate can be provided.

Other embodiments of the present disclosure may be modified without departing from the basic scope, and the scope is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

100‧‧‧ Equipment

110‧‧‧ Vehicle components

111‧‧‧Substrate carrier

112‧‧‧Support structure

120‧‧‧Substrate

150‧‧‧First passive magnetic unit

160‧‧‧Second passive magnetic unit

170‧‧‧Guidance structure

175‧‧‧Active magnetic unit

175'‧‧‧Active magnetic unit

180‧‧‧ drive structure

185‧‧‧ Further active magnetic unit

185’‧‧‧ Further active magnetic unit

200‧‧‧ equipment

212‧‧‧ mask

252‧‧‧vacuum chamber

253‧‧‧ chamber wall

254‧‧‧Maintenance chamber

262‧‧‧ gate valve

264‧‧‧ further gate valve

270‧‧‧Deposition source components

272‧‧‧ Track

274‧‧‧Support

276‧‧‧坩埚

278‧‧‧Steam distribution element or steam distribution tube

370‧‧‧ Further active magnetic unit

410‧‧‧dotted vehicle assembly

440‧‧‧ Controller

475‧‧‧ arrow

485‧‧‧ arrow

494‧‧‧ arrow

496‧‧‧ arrow

498‧‧‧ arrow

512‧‧‧ mask

514‧‧‧ edge

516‧‧‧Width

518‧‧‧ openings

612‧‧‧ Shadow mask

614‧‧‧Small opening

630‧‧‧Alignment actuator

700‧‧‧Maintenance

710‧‧‧First alignment actuator

711‧‧‧ substrate surface

720‧‧‧Second alignment actuator

725‧‧‧ mask

732‧‧‧First edge part

734‧‧‧second edge part

740‧‧‧mask carrier

902‧‧‧ Block

904‧‧‧ Block

906‧‧‧ Block

908‧‧‧ Block

930‧‧‧3rd alignment actuator

940‧‧‧4th alignment actuator

Thus, the manner of the above-described features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, and a more specific description of the present disclosure can be made by reference to the embodiments (slightly summarized above). The drawings are related to the embodiments of the present disclosure and are described below:

1A is a schematic side elevational view of an apparatus for transporting a carrier assembly (eg, a carrier having a substrate loaded thereon) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Figure 1B shows a top view of the device according to Figure 1A;

1C is a side view showing the device according to FIG. 1A;

2 shows an apparatus, such as a substrate processing system, including an apparatus for transporting a carrier assembly, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

3A and 3B show schematic side views of a transport carrier assembly, such as a carrier having a substrate loaded on the carrier, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

4A and 4B are schematic side views showing a method of aligning substrates within a substrate processing system in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Figure 5 illustrates a schematic view of a mask or mask arrangement that can be used in conjunction with a device to transport a carrier assembly in a substrate processing system in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Figure 6 shows a schematic view of a mask or mask arrangement that can be used in combination with a device to transport a carrier assembly in a substrate processing system in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Figure 7 shows a schematic view of a support arrangement for supporting a substrate carrier and a mask carrier during deposition of a layer in a processing chamber in accordance with embodiments described herein;

Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a maintained arrangement for supporting a substrate carrier and a mask carrier during deposition of a layer in a processing chamber in accordance with embodiments described herein;

Figure 9 shows a schematic view of a support arrangement for supporting a substrate carrier and a mask carrier during deposition of a layer in a processing chamber in accordance with further embodiments described herein;

Figure 10 shows a flow chart illustrating a method of aligning a carrier assembly and a mask relative to one another in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Domestic deposit information (please note according to the order of the depository, date, number)

Foreign deposit information (please note in the order of country, organization, date, number)

Claims (20)

A method of contactlessly aligning a carrier assembly, comprising the steps of: suspending the carrier assembly in a vacuum chamber; moving the carrier assembly during suspension to place the carrier assembly relative to a predetermined position; and Aligning the carrier assembly in at least one direction selected from the group consisting of: a substrate transport direction, a vertical direction of +-15 degrees, and the direction in a mask or a mask carrier One combination. The method of claim 1 wherein the carrier assembly moves relative to a mask or a mask carrier. The method of any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising the step of: guiding the carrier assembly along the substrate transport direction while suspending and moving. The method of any of claims 1 to 2, wherein the carrier assembly has no mechanical contact during alignment. The method of claim 3, wherein the carrier assembly has no mechanical contact during alignment. The method of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the alignment is provided with an accuracy of 50 (μm) or less. The method of claim 3, wherein the alignment is provided with an accuracy of 50 (μm) or less. The method of claim 4, wherein the alignment is provided with an accuracy of 50 (μm) or less. The method of claim 5, wherein the alignment is provided with an accuracy of 50 (μm) or less. The method of any of claims 1 to 2, further comprising the steps of: further aligning the carrier assembly relative to the mask or the mask carrier by rotating the carrier assembly in a plane, The plane is provided by the substrate transport direction and the first direction. The method of claim 10, wherein the further alignment is provided with an accuracy of 3 degrees or less. The method of any one of claims 1 to 2, further comprising the step of: contacting the mask or the mask carrier, the carrier assembly, or the using two or more alignment actuators The mask or the mask carrier and the carrier assembly provide a mechanical alignment. The method of claim 12, wherein the mechanical alignment is provided with an accuracy of 5 μm or less. A method of processing a substrate of a carrier assembly, comprising the steps of: non-contact aligning the carrier assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the mask is placed in the vacuum chamber a cover or the mask carrier; and processing the substrate in the vacuum chamber. The method of claim 14, further comprising the steps of: opening a gate valve of the vacuum chamber and moving the carrier assembly away from the vacuum chamber while suspending the carrier assembly. The method of any one of claims 14 to 15, wherein the step of processing the substrate in the vacuum chamber comprises the step of depositing a layer on the substrate. The method of claim 16, wherein the step of depositing comprises the step of moving a deposition source component along the substrate. An apparatus (100) for non-contacting a carrier assembly and a mask or a mask carrier relative to each other in a vacuum chamber of a substrate processing system, comprising: a guiding structure (170), The guiding structure has a plurality of active magnetic units (175) in the vacuum chamber, wherein the guiding structure is configured to suspend the carrier assembly in the vacuum chamber; a driving structure (180), the driving structure is in the vacuum chamber The chamber has a plurality of further active magnetic units, wherein the drive structure is configured to drive the carrier assembly in a transport direction without mechanical contact; two or more alignment actuators, the two or more Aligning an actuator for contacting the mask or the mask carrier, the carrier assembly, or the mask or the mask carrier and the carrier assembly in the vacuum chamber; and a controller, the controller Connecting to the guiding structure, the driving structure, and the two or more alignment actuators, and configured to control the plurality of active magnetic units and the plurality of further active magnetic units to provide the guiding structure and Drive junction The alignment and to provide a pre-aligned with the alignment of two or more mechanical actuators. The device of claim 18, wherein the two or more alignment actuators are piezoelectric actuators. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising: at least one further piezoelectric actuator.