TWI594071B - 共聚物製劑、其製造方法及包含該製劑之物品 - Google Patents
共聚物製劑、其製造方法及包含該製劑之物品 Download PDFInfo
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- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical group NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004164 Wax ester Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005262 alkoxyamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005910 alkyl carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002910 aryl thiol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N azide group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[N-] IVRMZWNICZWHMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMIVXZPTRXBADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzocyclobutene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCC2=C1 UMIVXZPTRXBADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical class CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012711 chain transfer polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NKNDPYCGAZPOFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(i) bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu] NKNDPYCGAZPOFS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(i) iodide Chemical compound I[Cu] LSXDOTMGLUJQCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940045803 cuprous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FYACMHCOSCVNHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanomethyl n-methyl-n-phenylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound N#CCSC(=S)N(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 FYACMHCOSCVNHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940075557 diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- TUPZPNIRCIQNLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)(C)Br TUPZPNIRCIQNLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUNRYKCXJSDLRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylsulfanyl-(dodecylsulfanylcarbothioyldisulfanyl)methanethione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCSC(=S)SSC(=S)SCCCCCCCCCCCC UUNRYKCXJSDLRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- IOLQWGVDEFWYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)(C)Br IOLQWGVDEFWYNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUGJKAQEYOUGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylidenebutanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(=C)CC OUGJKAQEYOUGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012949 free radical photoinitiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPVSTMAPERLKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycoluril Chemical group N1C(=O)NC2NC(=O)NC21 VPVSTMAPERLKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004404 heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004446 heteroarylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MBAKFIZHTUAVJN-UHFFFAOYSA-I hexafluoroantimony(1-);hydron Chemical compound F.F[Sb](F)(F)(F)F MBAKFIZHTUAVJN-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005020 hydroxyalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005027 hydroxyaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010550 living polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical group NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C=1CN(CC(=O)OC)CCN(CC(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cyclopentane Natural products CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPFRTDOMIFBPBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butyl-2-methyl-1-phenyl-n-(1-phenylethoxy)propan-1-amine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C(C)C)N(C(C)(C)C)OC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 FPFRTDOMIFBPBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005329 nanolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- XWYPMOYTTQTLRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCCOOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XWYPMOYTTQTLRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001485 poly(butyl acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000120 polyethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- QVKOLZOAOSNSHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-ene;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CC=C.OC(=O)C=C QVKOLZOAOSNSHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical group CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical class [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000654 solvent vapour annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019386 wax ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
- H01L21/0273—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
- H01L21/0274—Photolithographic processes
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- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09D133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09D133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F299/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D153/00—Coating compositions based on block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/0002—Lithographic processes using patterning methods other than those involving the exposure to radiation, e.g. by stamping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3105—After-treatment
- H01L21/311—Etching the insulating layers by chemical or physical means
- H01L21/31127—Etching organic layers
- H01L21/31133—Etching organic layers by chemical means
- H01L21/31138—Etching organic layers by chemical means by dry-etching
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- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Description
本揭露係關於共聚物製劑、其製造方法、及包含該製劑之物品。本揭露尤係關於藉由將嵌段共聚物置於以刷或墊(mat)形式存在之聚合物層上而獲得的自組裝奈米結構。
為了降低系統之表面能,嵌段共聚物係形成自組裝之奈米結構。奈米結構係彼等具有最大寬度或厚度小於100奈米者。作為自由能降低之結果,該自組裝係生成週期性結構。該週期性結構可係域、層板(lamellae)或柱之形式。因為此等結構,嵌段共聚物之薄膜係提供奈米規格之空間化學反差,因此,他們業經作為用於產生週期性奈米規格之結構之替代性之低成本奈米圖案化材料。這種達成週期性結構之方法係定義為經引導自組裝(DSA)。於經引導自組裝中,係藉由使用經自組裝之嵌段共聚物於微影圖案化基板而達成小節距尺寸。
主要用於經引導自組裝之共聚物係聚苯乙
烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物及聚苯乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯無規共聚物,其係作為刷用以在將該嵌段共聚物置於基板上時,控制該基板之表面能。所使用之經引導自組裝方法往往包括將交聯之聚苯乙烯墊104置於基板102上,如第1圖中所示。於該聚苯乙烯墊104交聯之後,以使用光阻之傳統微影術於該聚苯乙烯墊104上製造一堆線條106。隨後,令該等線條106進行蝕刻製程,該製程將該等線條修整為較小維度並移除位在一堆線條106之間的聚苯乙烯墊104。隨後,以聚苯乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯無規共聚物108(後文中稱為回填物108)回填該等線條106之間的間隔,以生成刷塗層。之後,將聚苯乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物110置於該回填物108及於聚苯乙烯墊104之條帶上。聚苯乙烯墊條帶104及該刷回填物108幫助錨定聚苯乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物110之域,如第1圖中所示。自第1圖可見,聚苯乙烯墊條帶104係垂直對準聚苯乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物110之聚苯乙烯域。
於經引導自組裝過程中,所欲者係具有與聚苯乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物110中聚苯乙烯域之尺寸相匹配的聚苯乙烯墊條帶104之尺寸,如第1圖或第2圖中所示。第2圖係第1圖之放大視角,其係顯示微影、蝕刻及修整步驟,以及之後的刷回填及後續之自組裝。第2圖反映所欲之經引導自組裝製程的最終結果。尤其可見,於經引導自組裝後出現之蝕刻係於基板102中生
成等間隔之通道112。惟,當使用交聯之聚苯乙烯作為墊時,並未出現此效果,如第3圖中詳述者。
尤其如第3圖中所見,組合套組(亦即,聚苯乙烯墊與光阻)係受限於交聯之聚苯乙烯墊具有比光阻更強之抗蝕刻性。這阻止了聚苯乙烯墊條帶104尺寸與聚苯乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物110中聚苯乙烯(層板狀或柱狀)域相同。交聯之聚苯乙烯與光阻之間的蝕刻速率差異在交聯之聚苯乙烯墊中生成不均一域(亦即,梯形的交聯之聚苯乙烯域)。作為生成這不均一域的結果,所得基板中蝕刻通道具有雙峰分佈,其係非所欲者。
因此,所欲者係在經引導自組裝過程中具有一種系統(亦即,墊組成物與刷組成物),其係促進於基板中形成均一之通道。
本文係揭露一種方法,其係包含將墊組成物置於半導體基板之表面上;其中,該墊組成物係包含無規共聚物,該無規共聚物係包含第一丙烯酸酯單元及第二單元;其中,該共聚物不包含聚苯乙烯或聚環氧化物;令該無規共聚物交聯;將刷回填組成物置於該基板上;致使該刷回填組成物與該墊組成物彼此交替;於該刷回填組成物及該墊組成物上放置會進行自組裝之嵌段共聚物;以及,蝕刻該嵌段共聚物以於該半導體基板中創製均一間隔之通道。
本文亦揭露一種用於製造半導體之刷回填
組成物,其係包含:具有可與半導體基板反應之官能基的聚(丙烯酸烷基酯);其中,該刷回填組成物係置於墊組成物之條帶之間;其中,該刷回填組成物及該墊組成物係置於該半導體基板上方;以及,其中,該刷回填組成物係具有蝕刻特性,該特性與置於其上之嵌段共聚物之至少一種組分的蝕刻特性類似。
102‧‧‧基板
104‧‧‧聚苯乙烯墊/聚苯乙烯墊條帶
106‧‧‧線條
108‧‧‧回填物
110‧‧‧聚苯乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物
112‧‧‧等間隔通道
第1圖係說明使用經引導自組裝以圖案化半導體基板之示意圖;第2圖係說明經引導自組裝如何於半導體基板中形成均一間隔之通道圖案的放大示意圖;第3圖係說明光阻與交聯之墊之間的蝕刻速率差異如何於半導體基板中生成非所欲之不均一間隔之通道;第4圖係例示性刷聚合物之圖式說明。第4圖(A)說明包含例示性單體A之線性刷聚合物;第4圖(B)說明包含單體A及B之線性嵌段共聚物刷;第4圖(C)說明包含單體A及B之線性梯度共聚物刷;以及,第4圖(D)說明包含單體A及B之無規嵌段共聚物刷;第5圖係膜厚度作為O2電漿蝕刻時間之函數的圖;第6圖係顯示由PS-b-PMMA在接枝於裸矽晶圓上之PS-r-PMMA刷(A)及PEMA-OH(B)上產生的指紋圖案;以及
第7圖係膜厚度作為O2電漿蝕刻時間之函數的圖。
於發展半導體之製程中,所欲者係使墊之抗蝕刻性與用以圖案化半導體之光阻劑之抗蝕刻性類似。此外,所欲者係,所回填之中性刷材料的抗蝕刻性與在圖案化半導體基板之前置於其上之嵌段共聚物之相的至少一者類似。對於包含聚苯乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物之經引導自組裝共聚物系統,所欲者係刷材料(其通常包含聚苯乙烯與聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯之無規共聚物)顯示與(該嵌段共聚物之)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯匹配的抗蝕刻性。若該聚苯乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物中聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯之抗蝕刻性係實質上類似於該墊,則可於半導體中達成均一之圖案間距。惟,於該刷回填組成物中聚苯乙烯的存在係令該回填組成物之抗蝕刻性高於該嵌段共聚物之聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯之抗蝕刻性。這導致圖案中之不均一間距。因此,所欲者係使刷材料之蝕刻特性與置於其上之嵌段共聚物之至少一種組分的蝕刻特性類似。
本文所揭露者係包含墊組成物與刷回填組成物之組合的組成物,其可用以有效地在經圖案化之半導體中的通道之間生成均一間距。墊組成物係包含至少一種聚合性組分,其係具有與光阻及該刷回填組成物中存在之至少一種組分類似的抗蝕刻性。該墊組成物與刷回填組成物之間的蝕刻速率的匹配係促進在其上置有該墊組成物及
刷回填組成物之圖案化基板中形成均一之通道間距。所欲者除了匹配抗蝕刻性外,亦欲匹配該光阻、墊組成物及刷回填組成物之表面能。
於一態樣中,該等墊係包含丙烯酸酯且不含聚苯乙烯,以提供與用於圖案化該墊材料之光阻類似的蝕刻特性,故令給出與嵌段共聚物各域之維度更緊密匹配之墊材料線條之蝕刻修整成為可能。簡而言之,墊之至少一種具有與光阻類似且與該刷回填物類似之抗蝕刻性(或反之,蝕刻速率)的組分係丙烯酸酯。這一特徵係提供嵌段共聚物域之更佳配準,並解決圖案轉移之課題,以提供具有改善之臨界維度均一性(CDU)的最終蝕刻圖案。
於一例示性態樣中,該墊組成物係包含兩種或更多種丙烯酸酯類之共聚物。該刷回填組成物亦包含丙烯酸酯,且該墊組成物中丙烯酸酯的蝕刻速率係實質上與該刷回填組成物中丙烯酸酯的蝕刻速率類似。
該墊組成物係包含共聚物,其係包含第一嵌段,且該第一嵌段係與第二嵌段共聚合。於一例示性態樣中,該第一嵌段係第一聚丙烯酸酯,且第二嵌段係第二聚丙烯酸酯。該共聚物可係嵌段共聚物(如,二嵌段共聚物或三嵌段共聚物)、星形嵌段共聚物、離子性嵌段共聚物等,其中,該等嵌段之至少一者係丙烯酸酯,且該等嵌段之至少一者或多者能物理性或化學性交聯。於一例示性態樣中,該墊組成物係包含嵌段共聚物。於另一例示性態樣中,該墊組成物係包含兩種丙烯酸酯之無規共聚物,其中,
該等丙烯酸酯至至少一者或多者能物理性或化學性交聯。
該無規共聚物之第一聚合物係衍生自丙烯酸酯單體之共聚反應。於一態樣中,該第一重複單元(亦即,該丙烯酸酯單體)係具有式(1)表示之結構:
其中,R1係氫或具有1個至10個碳原子之烷基。第一重複單體之實例係丙烯酸酯類及烷基丙烯酸酯類如α-烷基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯類、乙基丙烯酸酯類、丙基丙烯酸酯、丁基丙烯酸酯等,或包含前述丙烯酸酯類之至少一者的組合。
於一態樣中,該第一重複單元係具有衍生自具有式(2)表示之結構之單體的結構:
其中,R1係氫或具有1個至10個碳原子之烷基,且R2係C1-10烷基、C3-10環烷基、或C7-10芳烷基。(α-烷基)丙烯酸烷基酯之實例係甲基丙烯酸酯、乙基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸丙
酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、乙基丙烯酸甲酯、丙基丙烯酸甲酯、乙基丙烯酸乙酯、芳基丙烯酸甲酯等,或包含前述丙烯酸酯類之至少一者的組合。術語「(α-烷基)丙烯酸酯」係暗指,除非另行指明者,係涉及丙烯酸酯或(α-烷基)丙烯酸酯之任一者。
該無規共聚物之第二單元亦係聚合物,且係含有可進行交聯之部分。該等可交聯部分係聚合性且如下式(I-1)至(I-20)所示:
適宜之可交聯部分係芳基環丁烯單體,如下式(M-1)至(M-22)及(M-24)至(M-27)中顯示之彼等:
於一例示性態樣中,該第二單元係衍生自
下式(3)所示之甲基丙烯酸2-(1,2-二氫環丁并苯-1-基氧基)乙酯(2-(1,2-dihydrocyclobutabenzene-1-yloxyl)ethyl methacrylate)之聚合反應的聚合物:
其中,R3可係C1-10烷基、C3-10環烷基、或C7-10芳烷基。
於一態樣中,該墊於交聯之前係具有下式(4)所示結構的無規共聚物:
其中,該共聚物係具有數目平均分子量為每莫耳5,000至1,000,000公克(g/mol),較佳10,000至100,000g/mol,且該單體組成之可交聯官能度為1至90莫耳%,較佳2至10莫耳%。
該無規共聚物之末端基團(本文中亦指代為「附著基團」)可視需要為含有能形成鍵結至基板之共價鍵或於該聚合物膜中引起交聯之反應性官能基的基團。該末端基團可係經羥基、硫醇、或經初級或二級胺取代的直鏈或分支鏈之下列基C1-30烷基、C3-30環烷基、C6-30芳基、C7-30烷芳基、C7-30芳烷基、C1-30雜烷基、C3-30雜環烷基、C6-30雜芳基、C7-30雜烷芳基、C7-30雜芳烷基,或包含此等基團之至少一者的組合。本文中,除另行指出者外,前綴詞「雜」係指代任何之非碳、非氫之原子,包括,舉例而言,鹵素(氟、氯、溴、碘)、硼、氧、氮、矽、或磷。
於一態樣中,該末端基團係包括3-胺基丙基、2-羥基乙基、2-羥基丙基、或4-羥基苯基。或者,或除了此等官能基外,可包括其他官能基以促進將該酸敏性共聚物鍵結至基板之表面。
於另一態樣中,該末端基團係包括單-、二-及三-烷氧基矽烷基團,如3-丙基三甲氧基矽烷(藉由其他單體與(甲基)丙烯酸三甲氧基矽基丙酯之共聚反應而獲得);或環氧丙基(藉由(甲基)丙烯酸環氧丙酯之共聚反應而獲得)。此外,可使用能交聯之基團,如苯并環丁烯、疊氮基、丙烯醯氧基、環氧丙基、或其他可交聯基團。提供含環氧基之附著基團的有用單體係包括選自下列所組成之群組的單體:甲基丙烯酸環氧丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2,3-環氧基環己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸(2,3-環氧基環己基)甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸5,6-環氧基降莰烯酯、(甲基)丙烯酸環氧基二環戊二烯酯,及包含前述之至少一者的組合。
例示性末端基團係羥基、羧酸基、環氧基、矽烷基,或包含前述基團之至少一者的組合。
於一種製造該墊組成物之方法中,第一丙烯酸酯單體係與第二丙烯酸酯單體及溶劑於第一反應器中混合,以形成反應溶液。另取另外量之該溶劑,置於配備冷凝器及攪拌器之第二反應器中。於惰性氣氛下,將第二反應器中之溶劑加熱至60至200℃之間,較佳70至140℃之間的溫度。將起始劑獨立溶解於溶劑中以形成起始劑溶液。隨後,將該起始劑溶液及反應溶液加入該第二反應
器中。反應溶液可緩慢加入第二反應器中,同時於惰性氣氛下攪動該第二反應器之內容物。反應進行2至4小時,於反應完成後,令第二反應器及其內容物保持30分鐘至2小時。將經聚合之丙烯酸酯(現為聚丙烯酸酯無規共聚物形式)冷卻至室溫。該聚丙烯酸酯無規共聚物於另一種溶劑中沉澱並隨後純化。
在製造該墊組成物之反應中所使用的溶劑係列述於下。例示性溶劑係乙二醇類(如,丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯(PGMEA))。
可使用自由基起始劑製造該等聚合物,如偶氮雙異丁腈(AIBN)、1,1'-偶氮雙(環己烷-甲腈)(ACHN),二鹽酸2,2'-偶氮雙(2-甲基丙脒)(AAPH)、4,4'-偶氮雙(4-氰基纈草酸)(ACVA)(亦稱為4,4'-偶氮雙(4-氰基戊酸))、過氧化二-第三丁基(tBuOOtBu)、過氧化苯甲醯((PhCOO)2)、過氧化甲乙酮、過氧苯甲酸第三戊酯、過氧化二碳酸二鯨蠟醇酯等,或包含前述起始劑之至少一者的組合。第一起始劑亦可係自由基光起始劑。實例係過氧化苯甲醯、苯偶姻醚類、苯偶姻縮酮類、羥基苯乙酮、甲酸甲基苯甲醯酯、蒽醌、六氟磷酸三芳基硫鎓鹽、六氟銻酸三芳基硫鎓鹽、氧化膦化合物如IRACURE® 2100及2022(由BASF販售)等,或包含前述自由基起始劑之至少一者的組合。
於某些態樣中,窄的分子量及組成分佈係較佳者。於此等例中,可使用活性或受可自由基聚合技術製成該等聚合物,該等技術係包括可逆加成斷裂鏈轉移聚
合(RAFT)、氮氧化物媒介聚合(NMP)、原子轉移自由基聚合(ATRP)等。RAFT聚合係使用硫代羰基硫基化合物,如二硫代酯類、硫代胺甲酸酯及黃原酸鹽(xanthates),以經由可逆鏈轉移製程介導聚合。該聚合物係藉由,令該單體與二硫代酯鏈轉移劑及起始劑反應以生成該聚合物而製備。
用於RAFT聚合之適宜的鏈轉移劑係硫代羰基硫基化合物,如二硫代酯類、硫代胺甲酸酯及黃原酸鹽,且係包括:二硫代苯甲酸2-氰基-2-丙酯、4-氰基-4-(苯基硫代羰基硫基)戊酸、三硫代碳酸2-氰基-2-丙基十二烷基酯、4-氰基-4-[(十二烷基硫基硫代羰基)硫基]戊酸、2-(十二烷基硫基硫代羰基硫基)-2-甲基丙酸、三硫代碳酸氰基甲基酯十二烷基酯、甲基(苯基)二硫代胺基甲酸氰基甲酯、雙(硫代苯甲醯基)二硫醚、雙(十二烷基硫基-硫代羰基)二硫醚等。
使用適宜之氮氧化物自由基或烷氧基胺作為起始劑之氮氧化物媒介聚合或NMP亦可用以製造聚合物。適宜之用於NMP之起始劑的實例係包括N-第三丁基-N-(2-甲基-1-苯基丙基)-O-(1-苯基乙基)羥胺、N-第三丁基-O-[1-[4-(氯甲基)苯基]乙基]-N-(2-甲基-1-苯基丙基)羥胺、2,2,5-三甲基-4-苯基-3-氮雜己烷-3-氮氧化物、2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-哌啶基氧自由基(TEMPO)等。
該等聚合物亦可使用原子轉移自由基聚合或ATRP製造。適宜之用於ATRP的起始劑係包括α-溴異丁酸第三丁酯,α-溴異丁醯溴、2-溴異丁酸十二烷基酯、α-溴異丁酸乙酯、α-溴異丁酸甲酯、2-溴異丁酸十八烷基酯等。用於ATRP的適宜之催化劑係包括氯化亞銅(I)、氯化銅(II)、溴化亞銅(I)、溴化銅(II)、碘化亞銅(I)等。用於ATRP的適宜之配位子係包括參(2-吡啶基甲基)胺、參[2-(二甲基胺基)乙基]胺、4,4'-二壬基-2,2'-聯吡啶、N,N,N',N",N"-五甲基二伸乙基三胺等。
相對於該鏈轉移劑,所使用之該起始劑的莫耳比例為0.05至0.2。於一例示性態樣中,相對於該鏈轉移劑,所使用之起始劑於鏈轉移劑的莫耳比例為0.07至0.18。
如上所述,所欲者係使該刷回填組成物具有與該墊組成物相同之抗蝕刻性。因此,所欲者係使該刷回填組成物含有與該墊組成物中含有之彼等相同的化學性及結構性分子特徵。
該等聚合物之抗蝕刻性可藉由計算其各自之大西參數(Ohnishi number)而比較。藉由大西參數揭示之經驗關係說明,該聚合物之蝕刻速率係大西參數O.N.之函
數,O.N.係根據下述等式計算:O.N.=N/(N C-N O)其中,N係重複單元中之總原子數,N C係該重複單元中之碳原子數,且N O係該重複單元中之氧原子數。聚合物具有之O.N.愈高,則其具有之氧蝕刻速率愈快。
對於共聚物,其O.N.係以組分單體之O.N.的平均值自組成所預估。舉例而言,A單體與B單體之共聚物的O.N.係藉由下述等式表示之:O.N.AB=fA O.N.A+fB O.N.B其中,f係莫耳分率,且O.N.係單體各自之大西參數。所欲者係使該刷及墊具有類似之大西參數。再者,所欲者係使該刷及墊具有高於當下用於經引導自組裝之P(S-r-MMA)共聚物的大西參數。
於一態樣中,該刷回填組成物係包含以反應性官能度封端之聚丙烯酸酯。該反應性基團係共價鍵結至基板表面且該鏈骨幹係放置為平行於該基板表面,故提供刷狀外觀,如式(4)之結構中可見者。該刷回填組成物可包含聚合物、或替代地嵌段或無規共聚物。聚合物刷於形貌上係與草場類似,其中,該聚合物如草且係置於基板(其類似於草所生長之土地)上。該刷回填組成物可包含下式(4a)至(4f)所顯示之聚合物結構的一者或多者:
於一態樣中,該刷回填層係包含具有式(5)或式(6)之結構的聚合物:,或
其中,R5至R9可係上揭反應性物種之一者。
刷回填聚合物之實例係聚(丙烯酸烷基酯)類,如聚丙烯酸乙酯、聚丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酸丁酯、聚甲基丙烯酸乙酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯、聚(甲基丙烯酸1,1,1-三氟乙酯)等,或包含前述聚(丙烯酸烷基酯)之至少一者的組合。
例示性刷回填組成物係包含下式(7)中顯示之以羥基乙基酯封端之聚甲基丙烯酸乙酯:
其中,n3係25之1000,較佳50至400。
可使用活性聚合技術如陰離子聚合或活性自由基聚合,包括ATRP、RAFT及NMP,製造末端官能性
刷聚合物。用於ATRP的適宜之起始劑係包括α-溴異丁酸第三丁酯、α-溴化異丁醯溴、2-溴異丁酸十二烷基酯、α-溴異丁酸乙酯、α-溴異丁酸甲酯、2-溴異丁酸十八烷基酯等。
使用可逆加成斷裂鏈轉移聚合(RAFT)製造末端官能性聚合物所使用之起始劑的實例係包括式(8)至(12)之結構:
,或
使用氮氧化物媒介聚合(NMP)製造末端官能性聚合物所使用之起始劑的實例係包括式(13)至(15)之結構:
於一態樣中,於一種製造該刷回填組成物之方法中,係將丙烯酸酯單體(如,甲基丙烯酸乙酯)純化,隨後將其與苯甲醚、N,N,N',N",N"-五甲基二伸乙三胺、起始劑及溶劑一起置於反應器中。將該反應器之溫度升至90至130℃,將起始劑加入該反應器中。於氮氣氛下攪拌反應混合物。當聚合物分子量達到所欲之分子量時停止聚合反應。隨後令該聚合物於另一種溶劑中沉澱,並純化以生成刷回填組成物。純化可包括離心、過濾、蒸餾、傾析、蒸發、以離子交換珠處理等。
於一態樣中,於一種使用該墊組成物及刷回填組成物來圖案化半導體之方法中,係視需要清潔半導體基板表面,之後將包含該聚丙烯酸酯無規共聚物的墊組成物置於該基板表面上。該墊組成物可與第一溶劑及起始
劑混合,並藉由旋轉澆鑄、噴塗、浸塗等置於該表面上。該基板可於真空中退火以移除該第一溶劑之任何殘留痕跡。隨後,使用輻照或藉由加熱而令該墊交聯。該墊組成物之輻照可藉由紫外輻照、x-射線輻照、電子束輻照、紅外或微波輻照而帶來。
當該墊組成物交聯後,聚(甲基丙烯酸2-(1,2-二氫環丁并苯-1-基氧基)乙酯)係與其本身反應以交聯該墊。生成交聯之墊組成物的反應係顯示於下述反應(8)中:
隨後將光阻置於該墊上以施行奈米微影。隨後蝕刻除去該光阻之一部分以於該基板表面上生成墊組成物之條帶。隨後蝕刻除去該光阻及墊之剩餘物以生成條帶(參見第1圖)。該墊係以具有特定寬度「w」之條帶的形式存在於該基板上。該刷回填組成物係包含上文詳述之聚
(丙烯酸烷基酯)。包含聚苯乙烯及聚丙烯酸酯(如,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)之無規共聚物係置於該刷回填組成物及該等條帶上方。
該刷組成物可與視需要之催化劑一起在第二溶劑中溶劑化,並置於該基板上方。該視需要之催化劑係用以令該刷組成物與該基板反應。其亦可經由旋轉澆鑄、旋塗、浸塗等置於該基板上。可令具有該墊組成物(現為條帶之形式)及刷回填組成物之基板於真空下退火以移除該第二溶劑。加熱亦可促進該刷回填組成物與基板之間的反應,以於該基板表面生成刷。
將該刷及墊聚合物置於該基板上之前,可對該等聚合物進行純化步驟。純化可包括離心、過濾、蒸餾、傾析、蒸發、以離子交換珠處理等。本發明之刷及墊聚合物視需要復包含添加劑。添加劑係包括聚合物(包括均聚物及無規共聚物);界面活性劑;抗氧化劑;光酸產生劑;熱酸產生劑;淬滅劑;硬化劑;黏著促進劑;溶解速率修飾劑;光固化劑;光敏劑;酸增幅劑;塑化劑;及交聯劑。較佳之添加劑係包括界面活性劑及抗氧化劑。
使用包含聚丙烯酸酯共聚物(不具聚苯乙烯)之墊組成物且使用聚(丙烯酸烷基酯)刷回填組成物,係隨著其進行自組裝而於該無規共聚物中生成均一之條帶。該嵌段共聚物之經引導自組裝出現,且該聚(丙烯酸烷基酯)層板及/或該無規共聚物之柱狀域係與該墊之非交聯聚丙烯酸酯與垂直對準。
於一態樣中,該BCP之一個域係優先與潤濕條帶作用,舉例而言,若該等條帶係由PMMA-BCB墊製造,則PS-PMMA之該PMMA域將於該等條帶上對準。隨後,該回填刷需要具有經調諧之表面能以促進該刷區域上之BCP域的對準,係藉由適當選擇該刷之表面能,致使令該刷對於未由該等墊條帶插釘之BCP其他嵌段(本實施例中為PS)為中性或略優先,從而實現該對準。
該層板狀及柱狀域亦具有寬度「w」。由於該無規共聚物中聚丙烯酸酯域之抗蝕刻性與該墊組成物及刷回填組成物中聚丙烯酸酯之抗蝕刻性實質上類似,可於該半導體基板中均一地圖案化通道。
使用第一溶劑將該墊組成物溶劑化,同時第二溶劑可用於將該刷回填組成物溶劑化。於一態樣中,該第一溶劑可與第二溶劑相同或相異。可用之溶劑係醇類(甲醇、乙醇、丙醇等)、酮類(甲苯、丙酮等)、碳酸伸烷基酯類(如,碳酸丙二酯、碳酸乙二酯等)、丁內酯、乙腈、苄腈、硝基甲烷、硝基苯、環丁碸(sulfolane)、二甲基甲醯胺、N-甲基吡咯啶酮、甲苯、水、乙二醇類(丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯(PGMEA)、乙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單異丙醚、乙二醇單丁醚、乙二醇單苯醚、乙二醇單苄基醚、二乙二醇單甲醚、二乙二醇單乙醚、卡必醇賽珞蘇、二乙二醇單正丁醚、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、乙二醇二丁醚、乙二醇甲醚醋酸酯、乙二醇單乙醚醋酸酯、乙二醇單丁醚醋酸酯等)、四氫呋喃等,或包含
前述溶劑之至少一者的組合。
於一例示性態樣中,用於該墊及刷組成物之溶劑係二醇醚。
對於墊組成物,該墊組成物與溶劑之重量比可係1:1000至1:10,較佳係1:200至1:50。對於刷回填組成物,該刷回填組成物與溶劑之重量比可係1:1000至1:5,較佳係1:100至1:20。
業經研發若干技術以促進在該嵌段共聚物中形成所欲之自組裝形貌。業經揭示使用變梯度加熱(moving gradient thermal heating)以促進在該嵌段共聚物中形成所欲之自組裝形貌。更需注意,令該膜與溶劑蒸氣於環境溫度或升高之溫度下接觸,以促進在該嵌段共聚物中形成所欲之自組裝形貌,且該蒸氣係來自單一溶劑或溶劑之摻合物,或該蒸氣之組成係隨時間改變。舉例而言,Jung和Ross採用溶劑蒸氣退火以對準聚(苯乙烯)-b-聚(二甲基矽氧烷),以及,於公開第2011/0272381號美國專利案中,Millward等人揭露了一種用於加工二嵌段共聚物膜如聚(苯乙烯)-b-聚(二甲基矽氧烷)的溶劑退火方法。
聚苯乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物的蝕刻可使用離子束蝕刻、電漿蝕刻、微波電漿蝕刻或化學蝕刻來實施。較佳之蝕刻方法係氧電漿蝕刻。該蝕刻係用以移除該聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯域並隨後蝕刻入下方刷層。
因為該墊組成物之蝕刻速率係與該光阻類似,且亦與該刷回填組成物之蝕刻速率類似,故該基板內
之通道之間隔均一。於一例示性態樣中,該墊組成物之蝕刻速率係大於每秒1奈米,較佳大於每秒1.5奈米。該刷及墊之可用以評估蝕刻速率的大西參數係大於2,較佳係大於4。
使用前述組成物係允許形成具有小於100奈米,較佳小於50奈米,更佳小於20奈米之均一週期性的結構。其亦允許形成具有平均最大寬度或厚度小於100奈米,較佳小於50奈米,更佳小於20奈米的結構。
下述實施例係意為非限制性,且係說明本文所揭露之墊組成物及刷回填組成物。
典型用於經引導自組裝之聚苯乙烯墊,如Nealey等人於Macromolecules,2011,44,1876-1885中揭示者,係苯乙烯與4-乙烯基苯并環丁烷(VBCB)之無規共聚物,其係含有2至10%的VBCB。該共聚物係具有大西參數為2(表1)。
典型用作刷回填物之共聚物係苯乙烯與甲基丙烯酸甲酯的無規共聚物,其在鏈末端帶有羥基,如Nealey等人於Macromolecules,2011,44,1876-1885中揭示者。該共聚物典型係具有30至70莫耳%之苯乙烯,且其
大西參數係2.9至4.1之範圍(表1)。
比較例1
實施本實施例,以說明含有聚苯乙烯與甲基丙烯酸2-(1,2-二氫環丁并苯-1-基氧基)乙酯(BCBMA)之無規共聚物之組成物的製造。將16.028公克(g)之苯乙烯及3.972g之甲基丙烯酸2-(1,2-二氫環丁并苯-1-基氧基)乙酯(BCBMA)溶解於30.000g之丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯(PGMEA)中。藉由以氮氣鼓泡20分鐘而將該單體溶液脫氣。將PGMEA(14.964g)充填入250毫升(mL)之配備有冷凝器及機械攪拌器之三頸燒瓶中,藉由以氮氣鼓泡20分鐘而脫氣。接著,將該反應燒瓶內之溶劑帶至80℃之溫度。將V601
(2,2-偶氮雙異丁酸二甲酯)(0.984g)溶解於4.000g之PGMEA中,亦以氮氣鼓泡20分鐘而將該起始劑溶液脫氣。將該起始劑溶液加入反應燒瓶中,隨後以3小時期間於氮氣環境及劇烈攪拌下,逐滴將單體溶液饋入該反應器內。單體饋料完成之後,令聚合反應混合物於80℃再攪拌1小時。於總計4小時之聚合反應時間(3小時饋料及饋料後攪拌1小時)後,令該聚合反應混合物冷卻至室溫。於甲醇/水(80/20)中進行沉澱。藉由過濾收集所沉澱之聚合物,空氣乾燥過夜,再次溶解於THF中,並再次於甲醇/水(80/20)中沉澱。過濾最終之聚合物,空氣乾燥過夜,並於25℃真空下進一步乾燥48小時以生成如下所示之聚合物A。
實施例1
本實施例係說明製造本文所揭露之用於墊組成物中之聚丙烯酸酯無規共聚物的方法。將15.901g之甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)及4.099g之甲基丙烯酸2-(1,2-二氫環丁并苯-1-基氧基)乙酯(BCBMA)溶解於30.000g之丙二醇甲醚醋酸酯(PGMEA)中。藉由以氮氣鼓泡20分鐘而將該
單體溶液脫氣。將PGMEA(15.037g)充填入250 M1之配備有冷凝器及機械攪拌器之三頸燒瓶中,藉由以氮氣鼓泡20分鐘而脫氣。接著,將該反應燒瓶內之溶劑帶至80℃之溫度。將V601(2,2-偶氮雙異丁酸二甲酯)(1.016g)溶解於4.000g之PGMEA中,亦以氮氣鼓泡20分鐘而將該起始劑溶液脫氣。將該起始劑溶液加入反應燒瓶中,隨後以3小時期間於氮氣環境及劇烈攪拌下,逐滴將單體溶液饋入該反應器內。單體饋料完成後,令聚合反應混合物於80℃再攪拌1小時。於總計4小時之聚合反應時間(3小時饋料及饋料後攪拌1小時)後,令該聚合反應混合物冷卻至室溫。於甲醇/水(80/20)中進行沉澱。藉由過濾收集所沉澱之聚合物,空氣乾燥過夜,再次溶解於THF中,並再次於甲醇/水(80/20)中沉澱。過濾最終之聚合物,空氣乾燥過夜,並於25℃真空下進一步乾燥48小時以生成具有下示結構之墊組成物(聚合物B)。該共聚物係具有大西參數為4.8。
實施例2
實施本實施例,以說明聚合物墊之蝕刻速
率測量。
將聚合物A及B溶解於PGMEA中(3.0wt%),以3000rpm旋塗於裸矽晶圓上,隨後於150℃軟烘烤2分鐘,以給出約45奈米之初始膜厚。令聚合物A及聚合物B兩種墊組成物進行各種持續時間之O2電漿蝕刻,量測剩餘厚度,並將其作為時間之函數作圖,如第5圖中所示。自第5圖可見,在第5圖之表中給定的條件下,聚合物B墊(包含該聚丙烯酸酯共聚物之墊)的蝕刻速率幾乎為聚合物A墊(聚苯乙烯墊)的2倍。
比較例3
實施本比較例,以說明形成該刷回填組成物之包含聚苯乙烯及聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(聚(苯乙烯-r-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)-OH(61.4/38.6))之隨機聚合物的製造及蝕刻。令苯乙烯及甲基丙烯酸酯(MMA)通過鹼性氧化鋁。於250mL反應器(配備有隔板)中,加入苯乙烯(20.000g)、MMA(13.314g)、CuBr(0.191g)及苯甲醚(54ml),使用氮氣沖掃45分鐘。於連續氮氣沖掃15分鐘下,經由針筒將配位子(PMDETA,0.4615g)(其令ATRP反應成為可能)注射入該反應混合物中。溫度升至95℃。於10分鐘後,將該起始劑經針筒注射入反應器中。隨後中斷氮氣沖掃。當分子量達到10,000g/mol時,停止聚合反應。令該聚合反應混合物通過鹼性氧化鋁,隨後於甲醇中沉澱。將沉澱物溶解於四氫呋喃中,再次通過鹼性氧化鋁及陽離子交換樹脂,並使用甲醇再次沉澱。過濾白色粉末,於50℃乾燥過夜以給出
具有下示結構之聚合物C,其係具有61.4莫耳%之苯乙烯及38.6莫耳%之甲基丙烯酸甲酯,且其大西參數為3.2。
實施例3
實施本實施例,以說明所揭露之包含聚(甲基丙烯酸烷基酯)之刷回填組成物的製造。於此特定實施例中,該刷組成物係包含聚(甲基丙烯酸乙酯)。令甲基丙烯酸乙酯(EMA)通過鹼性氧化鋁。於250mL反應器(配備有隔板)中,加入EMA(20.000g)、CuBr(0.114g)及苯甲醚(60g),以氮氣沖掃45分鐘。於連續氮氣沖掃15分鐘下,經由針柱將配位子(PMDETA,0.277g)注射入該反應混合物中。溫度升至95℃。於10分鐘後,將該起始劑經針柱注射入反應器中。隨後中斷氮氣沖掃。當分子量達到約10,000g/mol時,停止聚合反應。令該聚合反應混合物通過鹼性氧化鋁,隨後於甲醇中沉澱。將沉澱物溶解於四氫呋喃中,再次通過鹼性氧化鋁,之後以陽離子交換樹脂處理(用於移除鹽及離子),並使用甲醇再次沉澱。過濾白色粉末,於50℃°乾燥過夜以給出具有下示結構之聚合物D,其大西參數為4.5。
實施例4
實施此實施例以對中性刷聚合物作出評估(藉由指紋形貌之形成)。將聚合物C及D溶解於PGMEA中(1.3wt%),以3000rpm旋塗於裸矽晶圓上,並於250℃烘烤20分鐘。藉由以PGMEA沖洗2次而移除未反應之刷。隨後,藉由旋塗PS-b-PMMA於PGMEA中之溶液並於250℃烘烤2分鐘,將聚苯乙烯-嵌段-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯之嵌段共聚物(PS-b-PMMA)薄膜置於塗覆有該刷之基板上。隨後,以原子力顯微鏡(AFM)對形貌成像。第6圖係顯示藉由PS-b-PMMA在接枝於裸矽晶圓上之PS-r-PMMA刷(A)及PEMA-OH(B)上而產生的指紋圖案。於PEMA-OH刷(B)上產生之指紋圖案係說明對於PS-b-PMMA之任一嵌段皆非優先之中性表面的所欲特徵。惟,因其較之於3.2(表1)更高的大西參數(4.5)以及更快之蝕刻速率,此刷係優於PS-r-PMMA刷,如第7圖中說明者。
實施例5
本實施例係例示性說明,使用來自比較例3及實施例3之聚合物刷時的蝕刻速率。將聚合物C及D溶解於PGMEA中(1.3wt%),以3000rpm旋塗於裸矽晶圓上,
隨後於150℃軟烘烤2分鐘以給出約35nm之初始膜厚。令PS-r-PMMA-OH(聚合物C)及PEMA-OH(聚合物D)兩種中性刷進行各種持續時間之O2電漿蝕刻,量測剩餘厚度,並將其作為時間之函數作圖,如第7圖中所示。在第7圖的表中所給定之條件下,丙烯酸系中性刷(PEMA-OH)之蝕刻速率幾乎為PS-r-PMMA-OH的2倍。
自前述實施例可見,對於含有聚丙烯酸酯共聚物之墊組成物以及含有聚(丙烯酸烷基酯)之刷回填組成物的蝕刻速率係至少2倍於含有聚苯乙烯之墊組成物及刷回填組成物的蝕刻速率。
於一態樣中,對於含有聚丙烯酸酯共聚物之墊組成物以及含有聚(丙烯酸烷基酯)之刷回填組成物的蝕刻速率係至少1.2倍於,較佳至少1.5倍於,且更佳至少2倍於含有聚苯乙烯之墊組成物及刷回填組成物的蝕刻速率。
102‧‧‧基板
104‧‧‧聚苯乙烯墊/聚苯乙烯墊條帶
106‧‧‧線條
108‧‧‧回填物
110‧‧‧聚苯乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯嵌段共聚物
112‧‧‧等間隔通道
Claims (10)
- 一種用於製造共聚物製劑之方法,其係包含:將墊組成物置於半導體基板之表面上;其中,該墊組成物係包含無規共聚物,該無規共聚物係包含第一丙烯酸酯單元及第二單元;其中,該共聚物不包含聚苯乙烯或聚環氧化物;令該無規共聚物交聯;將刷回填組成物置於該基板上;致使該刷回填組成物與該墊組成物彼此交替;於該刷回填組成物及該墊組成物上放置會進行自組裝之嵌段共聚物;以及,蝕刻該嵌段共聚物以於該半導體基板上創製均一間隔之通道。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,復包含將光阻置於該墊組成物上,並蝕刻該墊組成物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之方法,其中,該第一丙烯酸酯單元係衍生自具有式(1)表示之結構之單體的聚合反應:
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之方法,其中,該第二單元係衍生自甲基丙烯酸2-(1,2-二氫環丁并苯-1-基氧基)乙酯之聚合反應。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之方法,其中,該墊組成物進行交聯後,其係包含下述結構:
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之方法,其中,該第二單元係衍生自式(I-1)至(I-20)與式(M-1)至(M-22)及(M-24)至(M-27)之可交聯單體的聚合反應及/或交聯反應:
- 一種用於製造半導體之刷回填組成物,其係包含:具有可與半導體基板反應之官能基的聚(丙烯酸烷基酯);其中,該刷回填組成物係置於墊組成物之條帶之間;其中,該刷回填組成物及該墊組成物係置於該半導體基板上方;以及,其中,該刷回填組成物係具 有蝕刻特性,該特性與置於其上之嵌段共聚物之至少一種組分的蝕刻特性類似。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之刷回填組成物,其中,該刷回填組成物係具有大於4之大西參數(Ohnishi Parameter)。
- 如申請專利範圍第7或8項所述之刷回填組成物,其中,該聚(丙烯酸烷基酯)係包含衍生自甲基丙烯酸乙酯之聚合反應的單體單元。
- 如申請專利範圍第7或8項所述之刷回填組成物,其中,該聚(丙烯酸烷基酯)係包含式(5)中顯示之結構:
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN104749876A (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
TW201543146A (zh) | 2015-11-16 |
CN104749876B (zh) | 2020-11-24 |
KR20170058897A (ko) | 2017-05-29 |
KR20170084001A (ko) | 2017-07-19 |
KR102163900B1 (ko) | 2020-10-12 |
JP6558894B2 (ja) | 2019-08-14 |
US9828518B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 |
JP2015130496A (ja) | 2015-07-16 |
KR20150079465A (ko) | 2015-07-08 |
US20150184017A1 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
KR102155018B1 (ko) | 2020-09-11 |
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