TWI570788B - 積體電路封裝體 - Google Patents

積體電路封裝體 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI570788B
TWI570788B TW104101979A TW104101979A TWI570788B TW I570788 B TWI570788 B TW I570788B TW 104101979 A TW104101979 A TW 104101979A TW 104101979 A TW104101979 A TW 104101979A TW I570788 B TWI570788 B TW I570788B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
layer
package
metal
passivation layer
dielectric
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TW104101979A
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English (en)
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TW201546886A (zh
Inventor
特羅斯登 梅耶爾
吉拉德 歐弗納
特多拉 歐賽德
法蘭克 盧多克
克里斯坦 吉瑟勒
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英特爾公司
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Publication of TW201546886A publication Critical patent/TW201546886A/zh
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Description

積體電路封裝體 發明領域
本揭示的實施例大致上有關於積體電路(ICs)的領域，更特別地，係有關於降低IC封裝製造的成本以及提高封裝連接的可靠度與一致性。
發明背景
一連串複雜的運作會被使用來生產一積體電路(IC)封裝體。在晶圓鑄造時作為後段製程(BEOL)之一部份，那些運作中之一者是為施加一保護層至一晶圓並且在該保護層上形成開孔。這會包含利用一光阻材料作為光罩來形成該等開孔及然後，在該等開孔被形成之後，該光阻材料的移除，其會是一昂貴的製程。此外，由於在鑄造時該鈍化層是開放的，由該等開孔露出的金屬觸點、或者墊必須是由不容易氧化的材料製成。再者，由於在該鈍化層中的開孔會在一介電層的部署之前被形成，形成在該介電層中的通孔將不會完全與在該鈍化層中的開孔對準。
於此中所提供的背景說明是作為大致呈現本揭示之上下文的用途。除非本文另有說明，於本節中所述的 材料並非為本申請案中之申請專利範圍的先前技術而且不因包括在本節中而被承認為先前技術。
依據本發明之一實施例，係特地提出一種組裝一積體電路封裝體的方法，包含下列步驟：提供具有一未圖案化鈍化層的一晶圓，該未圖案化鈍化層防止嵌於該晶圓內之金屬導體的腐蝕；層疊一介電材料於該鈍化層上以形成一介電層；選擇性地把介電材料移除以在該介電層中形成露出該鈍化層置於該等金屬導體之上之部份的孔隙；及把該鈍化層的該等部份移除以露出該等金屬導體。
100‧‧‧IC裝置
102‧‧‧IC封裝體
104‧‧‧電路板
106‧‧‧錫球
110‧‧‧插圖
112‧‧‧金屬焊墊
114‧‧‧鈍化層
116‧‧‧介電層
118‧‧‧焊錫擋止層
120‧‧‧重新分配層
124‧‧‧焊分擋止層
130‧‧‧電路板
200‧‧‧製程
202‧‧‧運作
204‧‧‧運作
206‧‧‧運作
208‧‧‧運作
210‧‧‧運作
212‧‧‧運作
214‧‧‧運作
216‧‧‧運作
218‧‧‧運作
302‧‧‧晶圓
304‧‧‧金屬導體
306‧‧‧鈍化層
308‧‧‧半導體材料
310‧‧‧介電層
312‧‧‧通孔
314‧‧‧邊緣
316‧‧‧圓圈
318‧‧‧障壁層
320‧‧‧種子層
322‧‧‧光阻層
324‧‧‧凸塊底部金屬層
400‧‧‧組裝製程
402‧‧‧運作
404‧‧‧運作
406‧‧‧運作
408‧‧‧運作
410‧‧‧運作
500‧‧‧計算裝置
502‧‧‧母板
504‧‧‧處理器
506‧‧‧通訊晶片
實施例由於後面配合附圖的詳細說明而將會容易被了解。為了方便說明，相同的標號標示相同結構元件。實施例是舉例說明並不是在附圖之圖形上的限制。除非另有明確地說明，這些圖式不是按實際比例。此外，這些圖式的一些部份會被刻意美化俾可吸引注意力到被包含於該等圖式之內的特徵。
圖1示意地描繪本揭示之一些實施例之一範例積體電路(IC)裝置的橫截面側視圖。
圖2是為本揭示之一些實施例之積體電路封裝體製程的範例流程圖。
圖3是為說明在圖2中所述之本揭示之一些實施例之積體電路封裝體製程中之階段之被選擇運作的橫截面 圖。
圖4是為使用本揭示之實施例之積體電路封裝體之組裝製程的範例流程圖。
圖5示意地描繪一包括本揭示之一些實施例之積體電路封裝體的計算機裝置。
較佳實施例之詳細說明
本揭示的實施例描述一低成本更可靠之積體電路封裝體裝置的技術與結構。在後面的說明中，該等例示實施的各種特徵會利用普遍由熟知此項技術之人仕所使用的術語來作描述俾可把他們工作的實質內容傳達給熟知此項技術的其他人仕。然而，對於熟知此項技術之人仕來說很顯而易知的是本揭示的實施例能夠僅以該等所述特徵中的一些來實施。為了說明目的，特定的號碼、材料與結構是被陳述俾可提供例示實施的透徹理解。然而，對於熟知此項技術之人仕來說會顯而易知的是本揭示的實施例能夠在沒有該等特定細節之下來被實施。在其他情況下，眾所周知的特徵是被省略或者被簡化俾不混淆該等例示實施。
在後面的詳細說明中，是參照該等是為本文一部份的附圖，在該等附圖中，相同的標號從頭到尾標示相同的部件，而且在該等附圖中顯示的是實施本揭示之主題的例示實施例。必須理解的是其他的實施例可以被使用而且結構或邏輯改變在沒有離開本揭示的範圍之下能夠被達成。因此，後面的詳細說明不是作用限制，而實施例的範圍是 由後附的申請專利範圍以及其之等效物界定。
為了本揭示的目的，該詞組”A及/或B”表示(A)、(B)、或者(A和B)。為了本揭示的目的，該詞組”A、B、及/或C”表示(A)、(B)、(C)、(A和B)、(A和C)、(B和C)、或者(A、B和C)。
該說明會使用基於透視的說明，像是頂/底、進/出、上/下等等。如此的說明僅是用來方便討論而不是傾向於限制於此中所描述之實施例的應用成任何特定方向。
該說明能夠使用該等詞組”在一實施例中”、或者”在實施例中”，其能夠各指出相同或者不同實施例中之一者或多者。再者，相對於本揭示之實施例所使用的該等詞組”包含”、”包括”、”具有”等等是為代名詞。
該詞組”與....耦合”，與其之派生詞一起，能夠於此中被使用。”耦合”能夠表示後面的一者或多者。”耦合”能夠表示兩個或多個元件是直接物理或電氣接觸。然而，”耦合”也能夠表示兩個或多個元件非直接地彼此接觸，但又依然彼此合作或互動，而且能夠表示一個或多個其他元件是被耦合或連接在該等被說是彼此耦合的元件之間。該詞組”直接地耦合”能夠表示兩個或多個元件是直接接觸。
在各個實施例中，該詞組”一第一特徵形成、沉積、或設置在一第二特徵上”能夠表示該第一特徵是形成、沉積、或設置在該第二特徵上，而且該第一特徵的至少一部份會是與該第二特徵的至少一部份直接接觸(例如，直接物理及/或電氣接觸)或者非直接接觸(例如，具有一個或多 個其他特徵位在該第一特徵與該第二特徵之間)。
如於此中所使用，該詞組”模組”可以是指，是為部份，或者包括一特殊應用積體電路(ASIC)、一電子電路、一系統晶片(SoC)、執行一個或多個軟體或韌體程式的一處理器(共用、專屬、或者群組)及/或記憶體(共用、專屬、或者群組)、一組合邏輯電路、及/或提供所述功能之其他合適的組件。
圖1示意地描繪本揭示之實施例之包括了電氣地和物理地與電路板104耦合的IC封裝體102之範例積體電路(IC)裝置的橫截面側視圖。在實施例中，該IC封裝體102可以是或者包括一個或多個晶粒，其會是至少部份地被封在一密封材料內。
在實施例中，IC封裝體102可以是一扇入晶圓級封裝體(fan-in wafer level package)或一扇出(fan-out)晶圓級封裝體。在IC封裝體102是為扇出晶圓級封裝體的實施例中，一個或多個晶粒會被封入一形成一包圍該一個或多個晶粒之扇出區域的封裝膠體(molding compound)。如此之一扇出晶圓級封裝體可以藉由把該一個或多個晶粒的表面耦合至一載體來被製成。該封裝膠體可以被設置在該一個或多個晶粒的露出表面之上，那些表面不與該載體耦合。該封裝膠體然後可以被烤硬俾硬化該封裝膠體。在該封裝膠體被烤硬之後，該載體會與該一個或多個晶粒和由該硬化封裝膠體形成的扇出表面解耦合。該硬化封裝膠體的扇出表面會是相鄰於與該載體耦合之該一個或多個晶粒之表面，而 且形成一周界在與該載體耦合之該一個或多個晶粒之表面的四周。
在其他實施例中，IC封裝體102可以是為一嵌入式晶粒封裝體。在如此的實施例中，一個或多個晶粒會以疊層形式被包封，形成一個包圍該一個或多個晶粒的扇出區域。如此之嵌入式晶粒封裝體能夠藉由把該一個或多個晶粒的表面耦合至一載體來被製成。該等疊層可以設置在該一個或多個晶粒的露出表面之上，那些表面未與該載體耦合。該等疊層然後能夠被壓迫和烤硬俾硬化該等疊層。在該硬化之後，該等疊層能夠嵌入該晶粒而且能夠是相鄰於與該載體耦合之該一個或多個晶粒之表面並且形成一周界在與該載體耦合之該一個或多個晶粒之表面的四周。
在一些實施例中，IC封裝體102可以具有一重新分配層(RDL)，像是在插圖110內的RDL 120般。重新分配層120可以被組配來把一個或多個金屬焊墊112與一個或多個互連結構(例如，錫球106)電氣地耦合。該等互連結構可以被組配來把IC封裝體102與一封裝基板或電路板(例如，電路板104)電氣地與物理地耦合。該IC封裝體102可以依據包括覆晶結構(flip configuration)的各種合適結構來被連接至電路板104。雖然於此中是描述為錫球106，除了錫球106之外，互連結構可以包括柱體，或者其他能夠把該IC封裝體102與電路板104電氣地耦合之取代錫球106之合適的結構。該IC封裝體102能夠代表一分離晶片或者由半導體材料製成的晶粒而且在一些實施例中能夠是，包括，或者是為 一處理器、記憶體、或者ASIC的一部份。
根據各種實施例，該IC封裝體102的一部份是被更詳細地顯示於插圖110內之。插圖110是為由描繪在IC裝置100上之橢圓形所識別之IC裝置100之部份的放大。如在插圖110中所能看見，IC封裝體102可以，在一些實施例中，包括一介電層116、一鈍化層114、和一焊錫擋止層118。該鈍化層114可以是，例如，一氮化矽(SiN)或氧化矽(SiO)層。該IC封裝體102也可以包括一具有一RDL 120置於其上的金屬焊墊112。在一些實施例中，金屬焊墊112可以是銅或者銅合金。在一些實施例中，凸塊底部金屬可以被使用代替RDL 120。如所能見到，RDL 120可以是設置於一個形成在介電層116的通孔。重新分配層116也可以是設置在一形成於鈍化層114的孔隙內。在實施例中，於鈍化層114的孔隙可以是利用介電層116作為光罩來被形成。如是，在鈍化層114的孔隙能夠與形成在介電層116的通孔完全對準，如圖所示。在一些實施例中，IC封裝體102可以透過在下面配合圖2所述的製程來被製成，而且是以在圖3中所示之如此之製程的橫截面圖方式被描繪。
該電路板104可以是一由像是環氧樹脂疊層般的電絕緣材料構成的印刷電路板(PCB)。例如，該電路板104可以包括由諸如，例如，聚四氟乙烯(polytetrafluoroethylene)般之材料、諸如Flame Retardant 4(FR-4)、FR-1、棉紙般之酚醛棉紙(phenolic cotton paper)材料以及諸如CEM-1或CEM-3般之環氧樹脂，或者是利用環氧樹脂預浸漬材料來 被層疊在一起之玻璃織物材料(woven glass materials)所構成的電絕緣層。結構(圖中未示)，諸如通孔般，能夠被形成穿過該等電絕緣層俾透過該電路板104把電氣訊號發送到IC封裝體102或者把電氣訊號從IC封裝體102發送出來。在其他實施例中該電路板104可以由其他合適的材料構成。在一些實施例中，該電路板104可以是一母板(例如，圖5的母板502)。
圖2是為用於製造一IC封裝體，諸如圖1之IC封裝體102般，之製程200的例示流程圖。圖3提供一例示實施例之描繪在該IC封裝體製程200中之階段之被選擇運作的橫截面圖。結果，圖2和圖3將會彼此配合來作描述。為了有助於本說明書，在圖2中所執行的運作是參照在圖3中之從運作移動至運作的箭頭。此外，在不過度複雜化該等敘述的努力下，不是所有標號被描繪在圖3中的每一運作中。
製程200能夠在運作202開始，在運作202那裡一晶圓(例如，圖3的晶圓302)能夠被提供。在實施例中，晶圓302可以具有數個嵌入式金屬導體(例如，圖3的金屬導體304)，其可以具有一硬鈍化層(例如，設置在該金屬導體304的表面上，而且是直接與該金屬導體304之表面接觸的鈍化層306)。該金屬導體304可以是銅、銅合金、或者其他導電金屬或其之合金。該鈍化層306可以是，例如，一氮化矽(SiN)或氧化矽(SiO)層。在一些實施例中，該金屬導體304可以被嵌入於一半導體材料308(例如，矽)中。在如此的實施例中，鈍化層306可以是設置在該半導體材料308的表面以及該金 屬導體304的表面上。該鈍化層306可以是一未圖案化鈍化層。如於此中所使用，一未圖案化鈍化層可以是指一個無孔隙、或者開孔形成於其中的鈍化層。
在運作204，一介電層(例如，圖3的介電層310)可以是設置在該鈍化層306的表面上。該介電層310可以是在本領域中所眾所周知的任何合成物而且能夠以任何習知形式施加在該鈍化層之上。例如，在一些實施例中，該介電層可以包含一聚合物(例如，環氧-基樹脂、聚醯亞胺(polyimide)、聚苯噁唑(polybenzoxazole(PBO)等等)，其可以具有一氧化矽填料(silica filler)俾提供符合封裝體之可靠度要求之合適的機械特性。該介電層310可以是，例如，藉由旋塗與烤硬該介電層或者層疊介電層310於鈍化層306之上來設置於該鈍化層306的表面上。
在運作206，通孔(例如，圖3的通孔312)可以是形成於該介電層。通孔312可以被形成以致於鈍化層306之設置於金屬導體304上的一部份能夠透過該通孔312來被露出。該等通孔能夠以諸如，例如，光刻法或雷射鑽孔製程般的任何習知形式來被形成。
於運作208，一孔隙可以是形成於該鈍化層306露出金屬導體304的至少一部份。在一些實施例中，在該鈍化層306的這孔隙可以透過一電漿蝕刻製程來被形成。在這運作中該介電層310可以被使用作為一用於在鈍化層306中形成由形成於介電層中之通孔312所界定之孔隙的光罩。結果，該鈍化層306的邊緣可以與通孔的邊緣對準，或者是由 通孔的邊緣界定，如由圖3的314所描繪。在如此的實施例中，在鈍化層的孔隙和通孔能夠無縫地且一貫地對準。
在運作210，形成於金屬導體304之表面上的任何氧化物，諸如氧化銅般，例如，是可以從金屬導體304之形成在鈍化層306之孔隙露出的表面移除。這能夠，例如，透過一濕蝕刻製程來完成。在一些實施例中，如此之濕蝕刻製程可以包括磷酸，H3PO4，與過氧化氫，H2O2，的施用俾移除該氧化物。在一些實施例中，如此的濕蝕刻製程會導致一底蝕刻區域，其會延伸在該鈍化層306的一部份下面，如在由圓圈316所突顯的區域中所示。在一些實施例中，一濕蝕刻製程會是不必要的，因為在金屬導體304之表面上可能沒有需要如此之製程之足夠的氧化物量。在如此的實施例中，運作210能夠被省略。
在運作212，一障壁材料能夠設置在該介電層310的表面與金屬導體304的露出表面俾形成一障壁層(例如，圖3的障壁層318)。如此的障壁層318可以包括諸如鉻、鈦、鈦-鎢、或其他合適材料般的障壁材料。如在圓圈316中所能見到，該障壁層318可以是開放的，或者是不連續的，其中，一底蝕刻出現在金屬導體304的側壁。在一把氧化物從金屬導體304之表面移除之濕蝕刻製程不會是必須的實施例中，無如此的底蝕刻會發生而且該障壁層318會被封閉，或者連續的。該障壁層318可以履行防止一種材料至一週圍材料的擴散。例如，障壁層318可以被使用來防止銅擴散至該介電層310內。該障壁層318可以，例如，透過一濺鍍製 程來被形成。
於運作214，一種子材料可以是設置在該障壁層318的表面上來形成一種子層(例如，圖3的種子層320)。如此的種子材料可以包括銅、金、鈀、或其他合適的材料。如在圓圈316中所見到，該種子層320可以是開放的，或者不是連續的，就像障壁層318一樣。如同該障壁層318一樣，在一把氧化物從金屬導體304之表面移除之濕蝕刻製程不會是必須的實施例中，無底蝕刻會發生而且該種子層320會被封閉，或者連續的。該障壁層318也可以作用如一供稍後應用金屬化於金屬導體304與介電材料310之上用的黏著促進劑。該種子層320可以被選擇來促進一材料的黏著而且可以依據會被施用於該種子層320之表面之上的材料來被選擇。該種子層320可以，例如，透過一濺鍍製程來被形成。
在運作216，一光阻材料可以是設置與構築於該種子層320的表面上俾形成一光阻層(例如，光阻層322)。該光阻層322可以履行防止金屬，例如，因電鍍製程，黏著至該種子層的部份。在運作218，一重新分配層(RDL)，諸如圖1的120般，或者凸塊底部金屬化(UBM)層324可以是設置於該種子層320的表面上。該RDL或者UBM層324可以，在一些實施例中，提供一可靠表面，用於使該IC封裝體與一基板或電路板耦合的焊錫是施用在該可靠表面上。在其他實施例中，額外的介電與金屬層可以是設置於該RDL或者UBM層上俾可提供進一步的訊號突圍(signal break out)。在實施例中，為了簡潔起見未被描繪出來，額外的程序在RDL 或UBM層324的電鍍之後會被執行。例如，在實施例中光阻層322之露出的部份在RDL的電鍍之後會被移除。在該光阻層322之該等部份的移除之後，種子材料會利用該RDL作為光罩來被蝕刻，接著該障壁材料也利用該RDL作為光罩來被蝕刻。一旦這些程序被完成，額外的介電層和金屬層會被設置於任何露出表面之上以供進一步訊號突圍用或者一焊錫擋止層(例如，圖1的焊錫擋止層124)可以被設置於其上。
圖4是為利用本揭示之實施例之IC封裝體之組裝製程400的例示流程圖。如此的IC封裝體可以是透過上述配合圖2所述之例示方法來被製成，而且可以被描繪在圖3。
組裝製程400可以在運作402開始，其中，一在預定基板連接點處具有露出表面拋光層(exposed surface finish)的封裝基板會被接收。如是，在該等例示實施例中，無防焊劑會出現在該封裝基板的表面上而且在把一IC封裝體耦合至該封裝基板之前無焊錫會被置於該表面拋光層上。
於運作404，一具有錫凸塊置於封裝體連接點上的IC封裝體會被接收。在實施例中，該IC封裝體可以由以上在圖3中所示的IC封裝體代表。在運作406，該IC封裝體的連接點可以是與該基板的連接點對準。該IC封裝體焊錫然後能夠在運作408被變硬俾把該IC封裝體固定到該等基板連接點，其會完成該封裝410。
本揭示的實施例利用任何合適的硬體及/或軟體 來如所希望配置而能夠被實現成一系統。圖5示意地描繪一計算裝置，其包括一如於此中所述的IC封裝體，像是由圖1-3所描繪的IC封裝體般。該計算裝置500可容納一像是母板502般的板。該母板502可以包括若干組件，包括但不限於一處理器504和至少一個通訊晶片506。該處理器504可以被物理地與電氣地耦合至該母板502。在一些實施中，該至少一個通訊晶片506也可以被物理地和電氣地耦合至該母板502。在另外的實施中，該通訊晶片506可以是該處理器504的部份。
端視其之應用而定，計算裝置500可以包括可以是或者可以不是物理地與電氣地耦合至該母板502的其他組件。這些其他組件可以包括，但不限於，揮發性記憶體(例如，DRAM)、非揮發性記憶體(例如，ROM)、怏閃記憶體、一圖形處理器、一數位訊號處理器、一加解密處理器(crypto processor)、一晶片組、一天線、一顯示器、一觸碰螢幕顯示器、一觸碰螢幕控制器、一電池、一音頻編解碼器、一視頻編解碼器、一功率放大器、一全球定位系統(GPS)裝置、一電子羅盤、一蓋格計數器(Geiger counter)、一加速度器、一陀螺儀、一揚聲器、一攝影機、及一大量儲存裝置(諸如硬碟機、光碟(CD)、數位多功能光碟(DVD)等等般)。
該通訊晶片506可以致能用於把資料傳輸至計算裝置500及把資料從計算裝置500傳輸出來的無線通訊。該名詞"無線"及其之派生詞可以被使用來描述能夠經由非固體媒介透過模組化電磁輻射之使用來通訊資料的電路、裝 置、系統、方法、技術、通訊通道等等。該名詞不意味著該等關連裝置不包含任何導線，雖然在一些實施例中它們可能不是。該通訊晶片506可以實現若干無線標準或協議中之任一者，包括但不限於包括Wi-Fi(IEEE 802.11家族)的Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers(IEEE)標準、IEEE 802.16標準(例如，IEEE 802.16-2005 Amendment)、伴隨任何修改、更新、及/或修訂的Long-Term Evolution(LTE)計劃(例如，演進的LTE計劃、超行動寬頻(UMB)計劃(也被稱為"3GPP2")等等)。IEEE 802.16相容BWA網絡一般被稱為WiMAX網絡，一個代表Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access的縮寫，其是為通過IEEE 802.16標準之一致性與互通性測試之產品的證明標記。該通訊晶片506可以依據Global System for Mobile Communication(GSM)、General Packet Radio Service(GPRS)、Univeral Mobile Telecommunications System(UMTS)、High Speed Packet Access(HSPA)、Evolved HSPA(E-HSPA)、或LTE網絡來運作。該通訊晶片506可以依據Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution(EDGE)、GSM EDGE Radio Access Network(GERAN)、Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network(UTRAN)、或Evolved UTRAN(E-UTRAN)來運作。該通訊晶片506可以依據Code Division Multiple Access(CDMA)、Time Division Multiple Access(TDMA)、Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications(DECT)、Evolution-Data Optimized(EV-DO)、其之衍生物、以及被標示為3G、4G、 5G、及再往後的任何其他無線協議來運作。在其他實施例中該通訊晶片506可以依據其他無線產品來運作。
該計算裝置500可以包括數個通訊晶片506。例如，一第一通訊晶片506可以是專注於較短範圍無線通訊，像是Wi-Fi與藍芽般，而一第二通訊晶片506可以是專注於較長範圍無線通訊，像是GPS、EDGE、GPRS、CDMA、WiMAX、LTE、Ev-DO、及其他般。
該計算裝置500的處理器504可以是被合併至一IC裝置內的一IC封裝體(例如，圖1的IC封裝體102)。例如，圖1的電路板130可以是為一母板502而該處理器504可以是為一如於此中所述的IC封裝體102。該處理器504和該母板502可以使用封裝級互連線來被耦合。該名詞"處理器"可以是指處理來自暫存器及/或記憶體之電子資料俾把該電子資料轉換成其他能夠被儲存於暫存器及/或記憶體內之電子資料的任何裝置或者一裝置的部份。
該通訊晶片506可以是被合併至一IC裝置內的IC封裝體(例如，IC封裝體102)。在另外的實施中，被容置於該計算裝置500之內的另一組件(例如，記憶體裝置或其他積體電路裝置)可以是被合併至一IC裝置內的IC封裝體(例如，IC封裝體102)。
在各個實施中，該計算裝置500可以是一膝上型電腦、一連網電腦、一筆記型電腦、一超極緻電腦、一智慧型電話、一平板電腦、一個人數位助理(PDA)、一超便攜電腦、一行動電話、一桌上型電腦、一伺服器、一印表機、 一掃描器、一監視器、一機上盒、一娛樂控制單元、一數位攝影機、一攜帶型音樂播放器、或一數位攝錄像機。在另外的實施中，該計算裝置500可以是處理資料的任何其他電子裝置。
範例
根據各個實施例，本揭示描述若干範例。範例1是為組裝一積體電路封裝體的方法，包含：提供一具有一未圖案化鈍化層的晶圓，該未圖案化鈍化層防止嵌於該晶圓內之金屬導體的腐蝕；層疊一介電材料於該鈍化層上俾形成一介電層；選擇地把介電材料移除俾在該介電層中形成露出該鈍化層之置於該等金屬導體之上之部份的孔隙；及把該鈍化層的該等部份移除俾露出該等金屬導體。
範例2可以包括範例1的特定事項(subject matter)，其中，該金屬導體包含銅，且更包含對該金屬導體施用一濕蝕刻製程來把形成在其上的氧化銅移除。
範例3可以包括範例2的特定事項，其中，該濕蝕刻製程包含施用磷酸和過氧化氫。
範例4可以包括範例1-3中之任一者的特定事項，其中，層疊一介電材料更包含：該介電材料在該鈍化層上的旋塗；及烤硬該介電材料俾硬化該介電材料。
範例5可以包括範例1-3中之任一者的特定事項，其中，選擇地移除介電材料包含一光刻製程或一雷射鑽孔製程。
範例6可以包括範例1-3中之任一者的特定事項， 其中，移除該鈍化層的該等部份更包含對該鈍化層的該等部份施用一電漿處理俾在該鈍化層中產生露出該等金屬導體的開孔，其中，在該鈍化層中的該等開孔是由在該介電層中的孔隙所界定。
範例7可以包括範例1-3中之任一者的特定事項，更包含：沉積一障壁材料於該介電層與該等金屬導體上俾產生一障壁層；及沉積一種子材料於該障壁層上俾產生一種子層。
範例8可以包括範例7的特定事項，更包含：沉積一光阻材料於該種子層上俾形成一光阻層；及選擇地移除該光阻材料的部份來在該光阻材料中形成露出該種子層的孔隙。
範例9可以包括範例1-3中之任一者的特定事項，更包含：沉積一重新分配層(RDL)或一凸塊底部金屬化(UBM)層於該光阻材料的孔隙內。
範例10可以包括範例9的特定事項，更包含：沉積焊錫到該RDL或UBM上來形成一錫球。
範例11是為一積體電路(IC)封裝體，包含：一具有數個金屬焊墊嵌於其內的晶圓，該晶圓具有一鈍化層形成在該等金屬焊墊上且是與該等金屬焊墊直接接觸；一置於該鈍化層之表面上的介電層，該介電層具有數個形成於其中的通孔俾透過形成於該鈍化層中之對應之數個孔隙來露出該等金屬焊墊的表面，其中，形成在該介電層中之該數個通孔的邊緣分別界定形成在該鈍化層中之該對應之數 個孔隙的邊緣。
範例12可以包括範例11的特定事項，其中，該等金屬焊墊包含銅。
範例13可以包括範例12的特定事項，其中，該等金屬焊墊具有一徑向地延伸在該鈍化層下面，形成一孔隙在該鈍化層與該金屬焊墊之表面之間的底蝕刻側壁。
範例14可以包括範例11-13中之任一者的特定事項，更包含一置於該介電層之表面上，形成一障壁層於該介電層之表面上的障壁材料。
範例15可以包括範例14的特定事項，其中，該障壁層包含鉻或鈦中之一者或多者。
範例16可以包括範例14的特定事項，更包含一置於該障壁層之表面上，形成一種子層於該介電層之表面上的種子材料。
範例17可以包括範例16的特定事項，其中，該種子層包含銅、金、或鈀中之一者或多者。
範例18可以包括範例17的特定事項，其中，該IC封裝體是為一扇入晶圓級封裝體或一扇出晶圓級封裝體。
範例19是為一封裝體裝置，包含：一積體電路(IC)封裝體，包括：一具有數個金屬焊墊嵌於其內的晶圓，該晶圓具有一鈍化層形成在該等金屬焊墊上且是與該等金屬焊墊直接接觸；一置於該鈍化層之表面上的介電層，該介電層具有數個形成於其中的通孔俾透過形成於該鈍化層中之對應之數個孔隙來露出該等金屬焊墊的表面，其中，形 成在該介電層中之該數個通孔的邊緣分別界定形成在該鈍化層中之該對應之數個孔隙的邊緣；和數個與該等金屬焊墊電氣耦合的輸入/輸出(I/O)互連結構；及一包括一具有一個或多個置於其上之島之第一側；與一與該第一側相對設置之第二側的封裝體基體，該第二側具有一個或多個置於其上的電氣路徑特徵，該等電氣路徑特徵是與該等金屬焊墊電氣地耦合。
範例20可以包括範例19的特定事項，其中，該IC封裝體是為一處理器。
範例21可以包括範例20的特定事項，更包含與該封裝體基體耦合之一天線、一顯示器、一觸碰螢幕顯示器、一觸碰螢幕控制器、一電池、一音頻編解碼器、一視頻編解碼器、一功率放大器、一全球定位系統(GPS)裝置、一電子羅盤、一蓋格計數器、一加速度器、一陀螺儀、一揚聲器、或一攝影機中之一者或多者，其中，該封裝體裝置是為一膝上型電腦、一連網電腦、一筆記型電腦、一超極緻電腦、一智慧型電話、一平板電腦、一個人數位助理(PDA)、一超便攜電腦、一行動電話、一桌上型電腦、一伺服器、一印表機、一掃描器、一監視器、一機上盒、一娛樂控制單元、一數位攝影機、一攜帶型音樂播放器、或一數位攝錄像機的部份。
各個實施例可以包括上述實施例的任何合適組合，包括在上面以連接詞形式(及)描述之實施例的變化(或)實施例(例如，該"及"可以是"及/或")。再者，一些實施例可 以包括一個或多個具有指令儲存於其上的製造品(例如，非臨時性電腦可讀媒體)，當指令被執行時導致上述實施例中之任一者的動作。此外，一些實施例可以包括具有用於執行上述實施例之各個運作之任何合適之裝置的裝置或系統。
例示實施的以上說明，包括在摘要中所述的事物，並非意在限定本揭示之實施例為所揭示的精確形態。雖然特定實施和範例是於此中被描述作為例示用途，對於熟知相關技術之人仕來說，各個等效變化在本揭示的範圍之內是有可能的。
這些變化根據上面的詳細說明能夠對本揭示的實施例實行。在後面申請專利範圍中所使用的名詞不應被解釋為把本揭示的各個實施例限制成在說明書與申請專利範圍中所揭示的特定實施。更確切地說，該範圍是完全由後面的申請專利範圍所判定，其是必須根據申請專利範圍解釋的成立學說來被解釋。
100‧‧‧IC裝置
102‧‧‧IC封裝體
104‧‧‧電路板
106‧‧‧錫球
110‧‧‧插圖
112‧‧‧金屬焊墊
114‧‧‧鈍化層
116‧‧‧介電層
118‧‧‧焊錫擋止層
120‧‧‧重新分配層

Claims (23)

  1. 一種組裝一積體電路封裝體的方法，包含下列步驟：提供具有一未經圖案化之鈍化層的一晶圓，以防止嵌於該晶圓內之金屬導體的腐蝕；層疊一介電材料於該鈍化層上以形成一介電層；選擇性地把介電材料移除以在該介電層中形成露出配置於該等金屬導體上之該鈍化層之部份的孔隙；及把該鈍化層的該等部份移除以在該鈍化層中產生露出該等金屬導體的開孔，其中，在該鈍化層中的該等開孔之邊緣與該介電層之該等孔隙之邊緣對齊。
  2. 如請求項1之方法，其中，該金屬導體包含銅，且該方法更包含對該金屬導體施用一濕蝕刻製程來把形成在其上的氧化銅移除。
  3. 如請求項2之方法，其中，該濕蝕刻製程包含施用磷酸和過氧化氫。
  4. 如請求項1之方法，其中，層疊一介電材料之步驟更包含：該介電材料在該鈍化層上的旋塗；及烤硬該介電材料俾硬化該介電材料。
  5. 如請求項1之方法，其中，選擇地移除介電材料之步驟包含一光刻製程或一雷射鑽孔製程。
  6. 如請求項1之方法，其中，移除該鈍化層的該等部份之步驟更包含對該鈍化層的該等部份施用一電漿處理以在該鈍化層中產生露出該等金屬導體的開孔，其中，在 該鈍化層中的該等開孔是由在該介電層中的孔隙所界定。
  7. 如請求項1之方法，更包含下列步驟：沉積一障壁材料於該介電層與該等金屬導體上以產生一障壁層；及沉積一種子材料於該障壁層上以產生一種子層。
  8. 如請求項7之方法，更包含下列步驟：沉積一光阻材料於該種子層上以形成一光阻層；及選擇地移除該光阻材料的部份以在該光阻材料中形成露出該種子層的孔隙。
  9. 如請求項1之方法，更包含下列步驟：沉積一重新分配層(RDL)或一凸塊底部金屬化(UBM)層於該光阻材料的孔隙內。
  10. 如請求項9之方法，更包含下列步驟：沉積焊錫到該RDL或UBM層上來形成一錫球。
  11. 一種積體電路(IC)封裝體，包含：一晶圓，其具有嵌於該晶圓之一側上的複數個金屬焊墊；一鈍化層，其直接耦接至該晶圓之該側，且與該等金屬焊墊直接接觸，且進一步包括完全穿透該鈍化層之複數個孔隙，該等複數個孔隙之各者具有配置於該等金屬焊墊之一者上方的一孔隙邊緣；一介電層，其直接耦接至該鈍化層，且具有完全穿透該介電層且配置於該等金屬焊墊上方的複數個通 孔，其中，該等複數個通孔之各者具有配置於該等金屬焊墊之一者上方的一通孔邊緣，其中該鈍化層之該等孔隙邊緣與該介電層之該等通孔邊緣對齊。
  12. 如請求項11之IC封裝體，其中，該等金屬焊墊包含銅。
  13. 如請求項12之IC封裝體，其中，該等金屬焊墊具有一徑向地延伸在該鈍化層下面以在該鈍化層與該金屬焊墊的一表面之間形成一空間的一底蝕刻側壁，其中該空間對應於該孔隙邊緣，其中該鈍化層及該金屬焊墊係鄰近於該孔隙邊緣而直接接觸。
  14. 如請求項11之IC封裝體，更包含直接耦接至該等金屬焊墊及該介電層之一表面的一障蔽層。
  15. 如請求項14之IC封裝體，其中，該障壁層包含鉻或鈦中之一者或多者。
  16. 如請求項14之IC封裝體，更包含直接耦接至該障蔽層的一種子層。
  17. 如請求項16之IC封裝體，其中，該種子層包含銅、金、或鈀中之一者或多者。
  18. 如請求項17之IC封裝體，其中，該IC封裝體是為一扇入晶圓級封裝體或一扇出晶圓級封裝體。
  19. 如請求項16之IC封裝體，更包含設置於該等金屬焊墊上之一光阻層，其直接耦接至該種子層且帶有穿透該光阻層之孔洞。
  20. 如請求項19之IC封裝體，更包含直接耦接至該種子層且 設置於該等金屬焊墊上之一金屬層，其中該金屬層包含一或更多的一凸塊底部金屬化層或一重分配層。
  21. 一種封裝體總成，包含：一積體電路(IC)封裝體，包括：一晶圓，其帶有嵌於該晶圓之一側上之複數個金屬焊墊，一鈍化層，其直接耦接至該晶圓之該側且帶有完全穿透該鈍化層之複數個孔隙，其中各孔隙具有配置於該等金屬焊墊之一者上方的一孔隙邊緣，其中該鈍化層與該等金屬焊墊直接接觸；一介電層，其直接耦接至該鈍化層且其具有完全穿透該介電層且配置於該等金屬焊墊上方的複數個通孔，其中該等通孔之各者具有配置於該等金屬焊墊之一者上方的一通孔邊緣，其中該鈍化層之該等孔隙邊緣與該介電層之該等通孔邊緣對齊；一障蔽層，其直接耦接至該等金屬焊墊及該介電層之一表面；一種子層，其直接耦接至該障蔽層；一光阻層，其設置於該等金屬焊墊上，直接耦接至該種子層且帶有穿透該光阻層之孔洞；一金屬層，其直接耦接至該種子層且設置於該等金屬焊墊上，其中該金屬層包含一或更多的一凸塊底部金屬化層或一重分配層；複數個輸入/輸出(I/O)互連結構，其與該金屬層 電氣耦合；及一封裝基體，其包括具有一個或多個配置於其上之連接盤的一第一側；以及與該第一側相對設置的一第二側，該第二側具有一個或多個配置於其上的電氣路徑特徵，該等電氣路徑特徵是與該等複數個I/O互連結構電氣地耦合。
  22. 如請求項21之封裝體總成，其中，該IC封裝體是為一處理器。
  23. 如請求項22之封裝體總成，更包含與該封裝體基體耦合之一天線、一顯示器、一觸碰螢幕顯示器、一觸碰螢幕控制器、一電池、一音頻編解碼器、一視頻編解碼器、一功率放大器、一全球定位系統(GPS)裝置、一電子羅盤、一蓋格計數器、一加速度器、一陀螺儀、一揚聲器、或一攝影機中之一者或多者，其中，該封裝體總成是為一膝上型電腦、一連網電腦、一筆記型電腦、一超極緻電腦、一智慧型電話、一平板電腦、一個人數位助理(PDA)、一超便攜電腦、一行動電話、一桌上型電腦、一伺服器、一印表機、一掃描器、一監視器、一機上盒、一娛樂控制單元、一數位攝影機、一攜帶型音樂播放器、或一數位攝錄像機的部份。
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US10157869B2 (en) 2018-12-18

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