TWI527517B - 除草組合物及其使用方法 - Google Patents
除草組合物及其使用方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI527517B TWI527517B TW101101386A TW101101386A TWI527517B TW I527517 B TWI527517 B TW I527517B TW 101101386 A TW101101386 A TW 101101386A TW 101101386 A TW101101386 A TW 101101386A TW I527517 B TWI527517 B TW I527517B
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- Prior art keywords
- herbicidal composition
- methyl
- hydrogen
- sulfur
- herbicide
- Prior art date
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- BIKACRYIQSLICJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cloransulam-methyl Chemical group N=1N2C(OCC)=NC(F)=CC2=NC=1S(=O)(=O)NC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1C(=O)OC BIKACRYIQSLICJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007931 coated granule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000254 damaging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DCOPUUMXTXDBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diclofenac Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl DCOPUUMXTXDBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001259 diclofenac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IRLGCAJYYKDTCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethametsulfuron Chemical compound CCOC1=NC(NC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=N1 IRLGCAJYYKDTCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZINJLDJMHCUBIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethametsulfuron-methyl Chemical group CCOC1=NC(NC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(=O)OC)=N1 ZINJLDJMHCUBIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GINFBXXYGUODAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N flucarbazone Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(OC)=NN1C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OC(F)(F)F GINFBXXYGUODAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- SAADBVWGJQAEFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N flurazepam Chemical compound N=1CC(=O)N(CCN(CC)CC)C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1F SAADBVWGJQAEFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003528 flurazepam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PXDNXJSDGQBLKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N foramsulfuron Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=C(NC=O)C=2)C(=O)N(C)C)=N1 PXDNXJSDGQBLKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003800 germyl group Chemical group [H][Ge]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiazole Chemical class C=1C=NSC=1 ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoxazole Chemical class C=1C=NOC=1 CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIFKBBMCXCMCAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoylsulfamoyl]-4-(methanesulfonamidomethyl)benzoate Chemical group COC(=O)C1=CC=C(CNS(C)(=O)=O)C=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(OC)=CC(OC)=N1 NIFKBBMCXCMCAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTVOKYWXACGVGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoylsulfamoyl]-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine-3-carboxylate Chemical group COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)N=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(OC)=CC(OC)=N1 DTVOKYWXACGVGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTYVMAQSHCZXLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[[4,6-bis(difluoromethoxy)pyrimidin-2-yl]carbamoylsulfamoyl]benzoate Chemical group COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(OC(F)F)=CC(OC(F)F)=N1 ZTYVMAQSHCZXLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWGAYSCWLXQJBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 4-iodo-2-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)carbamoylsulfamoyl]benzoate Chemical group COC(=O)C1=CC=C(I)C=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(C)=NC(OC)=N1 VWGAYSCWLXQJBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AIMMSOZBPYFASU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-n'-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridin-1-ium-2-yl]sulfonylcarbamimidate Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CN=2)OCC(F)(F)F)=N1 AIMMSOZBPYFASU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IOXAXYHXMLCCJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxetan-3-yl 2-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoylsulfamoyl]benzoate Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(=O)OC2COC2)=N1 IOXAXYHXMLCCJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000361 pesticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001522 polyglycol ester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KZOJQMWTKJDSQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,3-dibutylnaphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CCCC)C(CCCC)=CC2=C1 KZOJQMWTKJDSQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IZWPGJFSBABFGL-GMFCBQQYSA-M sodium;2-[methyl-[(z)-octadec-9-enoyl]amino]ethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CCS([O-])(=O)=O IZWPGJFSBABFGL-GMFCBQQYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004548 suspo-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007970 thio esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004552 water soluble powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/36—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
- A01N57/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing aromatic radicals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N2300/00—Combinations or mixtures of active ingredients covered by classes A01N27/00 - A01N65/48 with other active or formulation relevant ingredients, e.g. specific carrier materials or surfactants, covered by classes A01N25/00 - A01N65/48
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於一種作物保護組合物,其可用於對抗不需要的植物,並且其包含作為活性化合物之至少一種除草劑(herbicide)和至少一種安全劑(safener)的組合。
除草劑用於防治不需要的植物(即雜草),否則它們可對期望的植物種類(例如:作物植物或觀賞植物(ornamental))造成重大損害。許多強除草劑能夠在整個生長季節中以低施用率控制與期望的植物或作物(例如:小麥、棉花或玉米)競爭的廣譜的草和闊葉雜草。遺憾的是,當以有效控制不需要植物的比例施用時,某些強除草劑不被大量的期望植物耐受或會毒害植物。舉例來說,大量磺胺或磺醯脲除草劑因此而不能以足夠的選擇性使用於玉蜀黍(maize)、稻或穀物。尤其是當這些除草劑在萌發後施用時,毒害植物的副作用對作物植物更加明顯,並且一般都會期望要避免或減少這樣的植物毒性(phytotoxicity)。
一種提高敏感作物對某些除草劑的耐受並保持廣譜雜草防控的方法是通過使用遺傳修飾的作物種系,而它們具有對毒害植物的除草劑的耐受性。遺憾的是,高技術成本和消費者對於將這種遺傳修飾作物引入市場的不安,其致使這種提高作物耐受的解決方法不適用。
將某些除草劑與被稱為“安全劑”或“解毒劑”的某些化合物組合使用是已知的,此些化合物降低除草劑在作物植物中的植物毒性而不會因此降低對有害植物的除草活性。這種組合的組分被稱為“安全化的(safened)”。
例如,歐洲專利第EP-A-509433號述及:使用5-苯基異口惡唑啉-和5-苯基異噻唑啉-3-羧基衍生物作為用於氨基甲酸酯、硫代氨基甲酸酯、鹵代乙醯苯胺、苯氧基苯氧基烷基羧酸衍生物、磺醯尿素等系列的除草劑的安全劑。
歐洲專利第EP-A-520371號述及:將5-烷基異口惡唑啉和-異噻唑啉-3-羧基衍生物作為一些類型的除草劑的安全劑。
國際公告號第WO92/03053號述及:使用取代的3-芳基異口惡唑啉-和-異噻唑啉-5-羧基衍生物作為某些除草劑的安全劑。
國際公告號第WO 91/18907號述及:將甲矽烷基取代的異口惡唑啉、異口惡唑、異噻唑啉和異噻唑作為作物保護劑。
美國專利第5,516,750號述及:屬於5,5-二取代異口惡唑啉類的化合物尤其適於保護作物植物免受侵蝕性農用化學品(尤其是除草劑)的損害作用。
然而實際上,這些公開文件中提到的除草組合物的使用經常伴隨有一種或多種缺點。例如,已知化合物的除草活性並不總是足夠的,或者,如果除草活性足夠,則可觀察到對有用植物的不期望的損害。
美國專利第6,855,667號述及:某些芳香族磷酸酯和硫酯作為除草劑異惡草酮(clomazone)的安全劑的用途。儘管在此公開內容中提到了其他除草劑,但特別舉例的除草劑僅有異惡草酮,而且僅有的是玉米和棉花種子上的測試結果,未提供萌發後應用的結果。此外,所提供的僅有的測試結果是針對單一種安全劑,即dietholate,而且所獲得的損害降低最大百分數只有80.0%。此後面的數值係通過對種子施用安全化合物作為種子處理,然後再施用異惡草酮來獲得。在專利中報導的平均損害降低對於棉花種子處理只有33.35%,對測試的兩類玉米種子只有36.8%。
鑒於以上所述,仍需要在本領域中提供比上述那些除草組合物特性更佳的除草組合物。
現已發現某些除草劑與一些安全劑的組合與有用植物的作物極具相容性,並且同時對不需要的有害植物極為有效。
在一些實施例中,除草組合物提供這些和其他優勢,此除草組合物包含:組分A)解毒有效量的一種或多種安全劑,且其選自式(I)的磷酸酯(phosphorated esters),其中T和T1獨立地選自氫、烷基、鹵代烷基、烷氧基烷基、烯基和炔基、U是O或S,並且V、W、X、Y和Z獨立地選自氫、鹵素、烷基、鹵代烷基和烷氧基;以及組分B)一種或多種磺胺或磺醯脲除草劑,且其選自醯嘧磺隆(amidosulfuron)、四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron)、苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron-methyl)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron-ethyl)、氯磺隆(chlorsulfuron)、醚磺隆(cinosulfuron)、環丙嘧磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、胺苯磺隆(ethametsulfuron-methyl)、乙氧嘧磺隆(ethoxysulfuron)、氟啶嘧磺隆(flupyrsulfuron-methyl)、啶嘧磺隆(flazasulfuron)、醯胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、氯吡嘧磺隆(halosulfuron-methyl)、唑吡嘧磺隆(imazosulfuron)、甲基碘磺隆(iodosulfuron-methyl)、甲磺胺磺隆(mesosulfuron-methyl)、甲磺隆(metsulfuron-methyl)、煙嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、環氧嘧磺隆(oxasulfuron)、氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron-methyl)、氟丙磺隆(prosulfuron)、噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron-methyl)、苯磺隆(tribenuron-methyl)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron-methyl)、醚苯磺隆(triosulfuron)、碸嘧磺隆(rimsulfuron)、氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam-methyl)、雙氯磺草胺(diclosulam)、雙氟磺草胺(florasulam)、氟唑啶草(flumetsulam)、磺草唑胺(metosulam)、五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)及其組合。
特別地,選自碸嘧磺隆、噻吩磺隆、煙嘧磺隆、苯磺隆、甲磺隆及其組合之除草劑尤其適於用作為組分B。
理想地,在除草組合物中,組分A對組分B的重量比可為1:10至10:1,特別是1:10到5:1。
還理想的是,在適於用作組分A之化合物中,T和T1可分別為具有1-10個碳原子的烷基,更特別地具有1-7個碳原子的烷基,甚至更特別地具有1-4個碳原子的烷基。其中,T和T1分別為甲基、乙基、丙基或丁基、U可為硫,且V、W、X、Y和Z每個均為氫的化合物尤其適合。
於此更公開一種保護植物免受因施用除草有效量的除草化合物到植物的位置(locus)而引起的非故意植物毒性傷害的方法,其包括施用有效量的一種或多種安全化合物至所述位置,且此安全化合物具有式(I)的磷酸酯。在一些實施例中,此方法包括施用上述除草組合物至上述植物的位置,其中除草劑和安全劑係同時施用。
本發明之實施例一般係關於作物保護組合物的領域,其中此作物保護組合物可用於對抗不需要的植物領域,且此作物保護組合物包含至少一種除草劑和至少一種安全劑的組合作為活性化合物。於此,安全劑係選自式(I)之磷酸酯。
其中,T和T1獨立地選自氫、烷基、鹵代烷基、烷氧基烷基、烯基和炔基、U為氧(O)或硫(S),並且V、W、X、Y和Z獨立地選自氫、鹵素、烷基、鹵代烷基和烷氧基。
在本文中,當術語“約”和“大約”與數值或數值範圍一起使用時,其係表示述及之數值以及略高和略低於述及之數值的數值量(除非述及之數值代表物質的量且所述數值是零);當本領域技術人員不能確定該術語的含義時,它們涵蓋所述數值至多±10%的變化。
如本文所用並且除非另外指出,單獨使用或作為更大結構的一部分的使用之取代基術語烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基和鹵代烷基,其包括適於取代基的至少一個或兩個碳原子(優選多至12個碳原子,更優選多至10個碳原子,最優選多至7個碳原子)的直鏈或支鏈。“鹵素”或“鹵代”是指氟、溴、碘或氯。
如本文所述,如果將許多對雜草和作物有同樣的不同程度的選擇性和植物毒性的除草劑針對更大範圍的作物進行安全化,則它們可提供更多的用途。除草化合物包括磺醯脲和/或磺胺,且磺醯脲和/或磺胺係選自醯嘧磺隆、四唑嘧磺隆、苄嘧磺隆、氯嘧磺隆、氯磺隆、醚磺隆、環丙嘧磺隆、胺苯磺隆、乙氧嘧磺隆、氟啶嘧磺隆、啶嘧磺隆、醯胺磺隆、氯吡嘧磺隆、唑吡嘧磺隆、甲基碘磺隆、甲磺胺磺隆、甲磺隆、煙嘧磺隆、環氧嘧磺隆、氟嘧磺隆、氟丙磺隆、噻吩磺隆、苯磺隆、三氟啶磺隆、氟胺磺隆、醚苯磺隆、碸嘧磺隆、氯酯磺草胺、雙氯磺草胺、雙氟磺草胺、氟唑啶草、磺草唑胺、五氟磺草胺及其組合。特別地,碸嘧磺隆和噻吩磺隆、噻吩磺隆和苯磺隆、碸嘧磺隆和煙嘧磺隆、以及噻吩磺隆和甲磺隆的組合尤其適合。
可如本文所述,被安全化的目標植物優選包括但不限於,大豆、棉花、甜菜、油菜、馬鈴薯、向日葵、花生、萵苣、胡蘿蔔、甘薯、苜蓿、煙草、玉米、稻、高粱、小麥、大麥、燕麥、黑麥、黑小麥和甘蔗。施用本發明化合物或組合物的更優選植物是大豆、小麥、玉米、棉花、甜菜、油菜、馬鈴薯、向日葵、花生、萵苣、胡蘿蔔、甘薯、苜蓿和煙草。施用本文所述方法和組合物的最優選植物是小麥、玉米和棉花,尤其是玉米和棉花。
除草活性物質和安全劑可一起施用(以預混物(ready-mix)的形式或通過罐混法(tank mix method))或以任何期望順序依次施用。安全劑與除草劑的重量比可在寬範圍內變化,而且優選範圍為1:10至10:1,尤其是1:10至5:1的範圍。每種情況下使用的除草劑和安全劑的精確量取決於所用除草劑和/或所用安全劑的類型以及待處理植物的性質,而且在每個個別情況中可通過使用本文提供的資訊以及常規實驗和合適的預實驗來確定。當使用安全劑和其他作物保護產品的活性物質(例如:殺蟲劑或殺蟲劑/除草劑組合)時,可考慮類似的比例。
安全劑預期地且主要地使用在穀類作物(小麥、黑麥、大麥、燕麥)、稻、玉蜀黍、高粱,但也用於棉花和玉米。
於此述及之式(I)的安全劑的特別優勢體現在與選自磺醯脲和/或磺胺的除草劑組合時。在無本文述及之安全劑和技術的情況下,這種結構類型的一些除草劑是不能使用在諸如棉花和玉米等作物中,或者在使用上無法具有充分的選擇性。當除草劑與根據本文述及之組合物和/或方法的安全劑組合時,甚至是與在棉花和玉米中難以使用的除草劑組合時,都能實現極佳且出人意料的選擇性。
根據它們的性質,式(I)的安全劑可用於預處理作物植物的種子,或者它們可在播種前摻入播種的犁溝中,或者在植物萌發前或後與除草劑一起施用。萌發前處理包括在播種前處理耕作區域和在種子已播種但作物植物還未生長時處理耕作區域兩方面。優選與除草劑一起聯合使用,尤其是通過萌發後方法。罐混合或預混合可用於該目的。當術語“施用於植物的位置”用於本文時,任何這些施用方法在此術語的含義內。
根據作物損害症狀和使用的除草劑,所需的安全劑的施用率可在大範圍內變化,通常為每公頃0.001至15 kg(優選0.005至5 kg)活性物質。除了本文述及的磺醯尿素和磺胺除草劑,組合物可包含額外的殺蟲物質,包括額外的除草劑如氟草煙(fluroxypyr)。特別地,噻吩磺隆和氟草煙的組合尤其適合。
本文還公開了保護作物植物免受殺蟲劑(優選除草劑)之植物毒性副作用的方法的實施方案,其包括在施用殺蟲劑或除草劑之前、之後或同時,施用有效量的式(I)化合物至植物的位置(例如:施用至植物、植物種子或耕作區域)。
本文還公開了包含式(I)的活性物質和常規製劑輔助成分的作物保護產品,以及包含式(I)的活性物質和常規用於作物保護領域的製劑輔助成分的殺蟲劑(優選除草劑)組合物。
式(I)的化合物和/或其與一種或多種所述除草劑的組合可用多種方法配製,這由多種生物和/或化學-物理參數確定。因此以下是一些可能的適用劑型:可濕性粉劑(WP,wettable powder),可乳化濃縮劑(EC,emulsifiable concentrate),水溶性粉劑(SP,water soluble powder),水溶性濃縮劑(SL,water-soluble concentrate),濃縮乳劑(EW,concentrated emulsion)如水包油和油包水乳劑,可噴灑溶液或乳劑,膠囊混懸劑(CS,capsules suspension),油基或水基分散體劑型(SC,oil-or water-based dispersion),懸乳劑(suspoemulsion),粉塵劑(DP,dust),拌種產品,微顆粒、噴霧顆粒、包衣顆粒和吸附顆粒形式的顆粒劑(GR,granule),水溶顆粒劑(SG,water-soluble granule),水分散粒劑(WG,water-dispersible granule),ULV製劑,微膠囊劑和蠟劑。
可濕性粉劑是均勻分散于水中的製劑,除活性物質外其還包含潤濕劑(例如:聚氧乙烯化(polyoxethylated)烷基酚、聚氧乙烯化的脂肪醇和脂肪胺、脂肪醇聚二醇醚硫酸類(fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates)、鏈烷磺酸類(alkanesulfonates)或烷基芳基磺酸類(alkylarylsulfonates))和分散劑(例如:木質素磺酸鈉、2,2'-二萘甲烷-6,6'-二磺酸鈉、二丁基萘磺酸鈉或其他油醯基甲基牛磺酸鈉),以及稀釋劑或惰性物質。
可乳化濃縮劑是通過將活性物質溶解於有機溶劑(例如:丁醇、環己酮、二甲基甲醯胺、二甲苯或其他更高沸點的芳香族或烴)並加入一種或多種乳化劑製備的。可用的乳化劑實例包括:烷基芳基磺酸鈣(例如:十二烷基苯磺酸鈣)或非離子型乳化劑,例如脂肪酸聚二醇酯、烷基芳基聚二醇醚、脂肪醇聚二醇醚、環氧丙烷環氧乙烷縮合產物(例如:嵌段共聚物)、烷基聚醚、失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯或聚氧乙烯山梨醇酯。
粉塵劑通過將活性物質與細碎固體物質(例如:滑石、天然粘土(例如:高嶺土、膨潤土和葉蠟石)或矽藻土)一起研磨獲得。
顆粒劑可通過將包含活性物質的液體噴灑至吸附性的顆粒惰性物質上製備,或通過將活性物質濃縮物經粘合劑(例如:聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸鈉或其他礦物油)施加至載體(例如:沙、高嶺土或顆粒惰性物質)表面上製備。如果期望採用與肥料一起的混合物的形式,合適的活性物質也可通過生產肥料顆粒的常規方法被顆粒化。
通常,農用化學製劑一般包含約0.1-99 wt%(特別是約0.1-95 wt%)的式(I)的活性物質(解毒劑)或解毒劑/除草劑的活性物質混合物和約1-99.9wt%(特別是約5-99.8 wt%)的固體或液體添加劑,以及約0-25 wt%(特別是約0.1-25 wt%)的表面活性劑。
可濕性粉劑中活性物質的濃度是,例如約10-90 wt%,剩餘部分由常規製劑成分構成至100%。對可乳化濃縮劑而言,活性物質的濃度是約1-80 wt%的活性物質。粉塵劑形式的製劑包含約1-20 wt%的活性物質,可噴灑溶液包含約0.2-20 wt%的活性物質。對顆粒劑(例如:水分散粒劑)而言,活性物質的含量部分取決於活性化合物是液體形式還是固體形式。通常,水分散顆粒劑一般包含10-90 wt%的活性物質。
此外,所述活性物質和製劑包含(如果合適)粘合劑、潤濕劑、分散劑、乳化劑、滲透劑、溶劑、填充劑或載體,每種情況下它們都是常規的。
在使用時,當以市售形式提供時,製劑(如果合適)按常規方式稀釋,例如:可濕性粉劑、可乳化濃縮劑、分散劑和水分散顆粒劑用水稀釋。粉塵劑、顆粒劑和可噴灑溶液形式的製劑通常在使用前不再用其他惰性物質進一步稀釋。解毒劑所需的施用率隨外部條件而變化,例如:溫度、濕度和所用殺蟲劑或除草劑的性質等。
在以下實施例中,術語“工業級”是指當除草化合物從製造過程中獲得時,其一般包含90-100 wt%的活性成分,而剩餘部分是惰性添加劑、雜質等。所有的百分比是基於組合物的總重量的重量百分比。
水分散顆粒劑這樣獲得:根據配方混合上述組分,在松木盤磨機中研磨混合物以形成粉末,之後在流化床中通過噴灑作為顆粒化液體的水使粉末顆粒化。
水分散顆粒劑這樣獲得:根據配方混合上述組分,在松木盤磨機中研磨混合物以形成粉末,之後在流化床中通過噴灑作為顆粒化液體的水使粉末顆粒化。
水分散顆粒劑這樣獲得:根據配方混合上述組分,在松木盤磨機中研磨混合物以形成粉末,之後在流化床中通過噴灑作為顆粒化液體的水使粉末顆粒化。
油基混懸濃縮劑這樣獲得:根據配方混合以上所有組分,保持適當的本領域常規處理參數(如平均粒徑)用水準攪拌珠磨機來研磨混合物。
可溶顆粒劑這樣獲得:根據配方混合上述組分,在松木盤磨機中研磨混合物以形成粉末,之後在流化床中通過噴灑作為顆粒化液體的水使粉末顆粒化。
氟草煙CS製劑:PAPI和氟草煙經攪拌合併以形成均一的液體混合物。在Waring混合杯中加熱Atlox 4913水溶液至約50℃。攪拌所述溶液,同時緩慢加入液體混合物以形成在整個連續水相中均勻分散的與水不互溶相的均一乳液。緩慢加入三乙胺的水溶液,在該介面發生聚合,產生粒徑1-30微米的微囊劑。冷卻並過濾產物,以獲得微囊化氟草煙的穩定CS製劑。
噻吩磺隆SC製劑:通過混合將Atlox 4913、噻吩磺隆、安全劑和水合並,精細研磨以形成懸浮濃縮劑(SC)。
最後,通過混合將微囊化氟草煙的CS製劑和噻吩磺隆的SC製劑合併,以形成具有微囊化氟草煙和噻吩磺隆二者的穩定組合物。
水分散顆粒劑這樣獲得:根據配方混合上述組分,在松木盤磨機中研磨混合物以形成粉末,之後在流化床中通過噴灑作為顆粒化液體的水使粉末顆粒化。
水分散顆粒劑這樣獲得:根據配方混合上述組分,在松木盤磨機中研磨混合物以形成粉末,之後在流化床中通過噴灑作為顆粒化液體的水使粉末顆粒化。
上述每個實施例提供兩種組合物,一種是磺醯脲和/或磺胺除草劑和本文公開的安全劑的組合,另一種包含相同相對量的相同組分,但其中安全劑被惰性填充劑替代。因此組合物適合於並列比較說明磺醯脲和/或磺胺除草劑和本文公開的安全劑之組合的出人意料的優勢。
將玉蜀黍、大麥、稻和玉米種子置於塑膠罐的砂壤土中,將植物在溫室中培育至生長到四葉至六葉期,隨後用本發明的化合物和除草劑進行萌發後處理。實施例1至實施例8和比較例A至比較例H的組合物以水混懸劑的形式以300 L水/公頃(轉化的)的施用率施用。處理後4周,根據施用組合物的植物毒性對植物評分,而損害程度通過與用比較例A至比較例H處理的結果相比較來確定。
測試結果(見表1、表2、表3和表4)證明具有本文所述安全劑的化合物可以高度有效的方式防止對植物的損害。
從上述結果可容易地看出,安全劑與測試的磺醯脲和/或磺胺除草劑一起使用使得損害減少了100%(實施例1/比較例A(六葉期)、實施例2/比較例B(兩個時期)、實施例3/比較例C(兩個時期)、實施例4/比較例D(兩個時期)、實施例5/比較例E(兩個時期)、實施例6/比較例F(兩個時期)和實施例8/比較例H(六葉期))、93%(實施例1/比較例A(四葉期))、87.9%(實施例7/比較例G(四葉期))、93.8%(實施例7/比較例G(六葉期)和94.1%(實施例8/比較例H(四葉期))。每個減少都出人意料地好於美國專利第6,855,667號中提到的dietholate對異惡草酮的安全化。
從上述結果可容易地看出,安全劑與測試的磺醯脲和/或磺胺除草劑一起使用使得損害減少了100%(實施例1/比較例A(六葉期)、實施例2/比較例B(兩個時期)、實施例4/比較例D(兩個時期)、實施例5/比較例E(兩個時期)和實施例6/比較例F(兩個時期))、93.4%(實施例1/比較例A(四葉期))、88.9%和94.1%(實施例3/比較例C(分別為四葉期和六葉期)、83.3%和94.3%(實施例7/比較例G(分別為四葉期和六葉期))以及89.1%和94.3%(實施例8/比較例H(分別為四葉期和六葉期))。與棉花的結果一樣,玉米的結果所顯示的減少出人意料地好於美國專利第6,855,667號中用dietholate對異惡草酮的安全化。
從上述結果可容易地看出,安全劑與測試的磺醯脲和/或磺胺除草劑一起使用使得損害減少了100%(實施例1/比較例A(六葉期)、實施例2/比較例B(兩個時期)、實施例4/比較例D(兩個時期)、實施例5/比較例E(兩個時期)、實施例6/比較例F(兩個時期)、實施例7/比較例G(六葉期)和實施例8/比較例H(六葉期))、92.8%(實施例1/比較例A(四葉期))、85.7%和93.3%(實施例3/比較例3(分別為四葉期和六葉期)、75%(實施例7/比較例G(四葉期))以及93.9%(實施例8/比較例H(四葉期))。在這些減少中,只有實施例7/比較例G(四葉期)與美國專利第6,855,667號中報導的dietholate對異惡草酮獲得的減少相接近,所有其它的損害減少出人意料地好於對異惡草酮獲得的結果。
從上述結果可容易地看出,安全劑與測試的磺醯脲和/或磺胺除草劑一起使用使得損害減少了100%(實施例1/比較例A(六葉期)、實施例2/比較例B(兩個時期)、實施例4/比較例D(兩個時期)、實施例5/比較例E(兩個時期)、實施例6/比較例F(兩個時期)、實施例7/比較例G(六葉期)、實施例8/比較例H(六葉期))、92.3%(實施例1/比較例A(四葉期))、90.5%和94.3%(實施例3/比較例C(分別為四葉期和六葉期)、87.5%(實施例7/比較例G(四葉期))以及94.1%(實施例8/比較例H(四葉期))。每個減少都出人意料地好於美國專利No. 6,855,667中提到的異惡草酮的安全化。
結果表明對多種作物植物和多種磺醯脲和磺胺除草劑,本文所述的安全劑提供一定程度的損害減少,鑒於美國專利第6,855,667號中報導的dietholate和異惡草酮一起使用所提供的較低的損害減少,這是出乎意料的。
然本發明以前述之實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何熟習相像技藝者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之專利保護範圍須視本說明書所附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
Claims (22)
- 一種除草組合物,其包含A)解毒有效量的一種或多種安全劑,該些安全劑係選自式(I)的磷酸酯:
- 如請求項1所述之除草組合物,其中該些安全劑及該些除草劑係以該些安全劑對該些除草劑為約1:10至約10:1範圍的重量比存在。
- 如請求項2所述之除草組合物,其中該些安全劑對該些除草劑的重量比為約1:10至約5:1。
- 如請求項1所述之除草組合物,其中該T和該T1獨立地選自甲基、乙基、丙基和丁基。
- 如請求項4所述之除草組合物,其中該T和該T1相同。
- 如請求項1所述之除草組合物,其中該T和該T1是甲基、該U是硫,且該V、該W、該X、該Y和該Z是氫。
- 如請求項1所述之除草組合物,其中該T和該T1是乙基、該U是硫,且該V、該W、該X、該Y和該Z是氫。
- 如請求項1所述之除草組合物,其中該T和該T1是丙基、該U是硫,且該V、該W、該X、該Y和該Z是氫。
- 如請求項1所述之除草組合物,其中該T和該T1是丁基、該U是硫,且該V、該W、該X、該Y和該Z是氫。
- 一種如請求項1之除草組合物的使用方法,用以保護植物免受因施用除草有效量的除草化合物到該植物的位置所致的植物毒性損害,該使用方法包括向該位置施用如請求項1之除草組合物。
- 如請求項10所述之除草組合物的使用方法,其中該些安全化合物對該些除草劑的重量比為約1:10至約10:1。
- 如請求項11所述之除草組合物的使用方法,其中該些安全化合物對該些除草劑的重量比為約1:10至約5:1。
- 如請求項10所述之除草組合物的使用方法,其中該T和該T1獨立地選自甲基、乙基、丙基和丁基。
- 如請求項13所述之除草組合物的使用方法,其中該T和該T1相同。
- 如請求項10所述之除草組合物的使用方法,其中該T和該T1是甲基、該U是硫,且該V、該W、該X、該Y和該Z是氫。
- 如請求項10所述之除草組合物的使用方法,其中該T和該T1是乙基、該U是硫,且該V、該W、該X、該Y和該Z是氫。
- 如請求項10所述之除草組合物的使用方法,其中該T和該T1是丙基、該U是硫,且該V、該W、該X、該Y和該Z是氫。
- 如請求項10所述之除草組合物的使用方法,其中該T和該T1是丁基、該U是硫,且該V、該W、該X、該Y和該Z是氫。
- 如請求項10所述之除草組合物的使用方法,其中該植物選自大豆、棉花、甜菜、油菜、馬鈴薯、向日葵、花生、萵苣、胡蘿蔔、甘薯、苜蓿、煙草、玉米、稻、高粱、小麥、大麥、燕麥、黑麥、黑小麥和甘蔗。
- 如請求項19所述之除草組合物的使用方法,其中該植物是大麥、稻、玉米或棉花。
- 如請求項10所述之除草組合物的使用方法,其中該些除草劑 之有效量為約0.001至約15千克/公頃,而該些安全化合物之有效量為約0.003至約15千克/公頃。
- 如請求項10所述之除草組合物的使用方法,其中該些安全化合物還包含農業可接受載體。
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RU2616394C2 (ru) * | 2011-12-29 | 2017-04-14 | Акцо Нобель Кемикалз Интернэшнл Б.В. | Сурфактанты, образующие макроструктуру, пригодные в качестве средств для контроля сноса аэрозоля при применениях пестицидов путем разбрызгивания |
AR100785A1 (es) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-11-02 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | Control herbicida de maleza a partir de combinaciones de fluroxipir e inhibidores de als |
TWI689252B (zh) | 2014-09-15 | 2020-04-01 | 美商陶氏農業科學公司 | 源自於施用吡啶羧酸除草劑與乙醯乳酸合成酶(als)抑制劑的協同性雜草控制 |
TWI698178B (zh) | 2014-09-15 | 2020-07-11 | 美商陶氏農業科學公司 | 源自於施用吡啶羧酸除草劑與光系統ii抑制劑的協同性雜草控制 |
TWI685302B (zh) | 2014-09-15 | 2020-02-21 | 美商陶氏農業科學公司 | 包含吡啶羧酸除草劑之安全的除草組成物 |
TWI689251B (zh) | 2014-09-15 | 2020-04-01 | 美商陶氏農業科學公司 | 源自於施用吡啶羧酸除草劑與合成生長素除草劑及/或生長素轉運抑制劑的協同性雜草控制 |
TWI694770B (zh) | 2014-09-15 | 2020-06-01 | 美商陶氏農業科學公司 | 包含吡啶羧酸除草劑之安全的除草組成物(二) |
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USH806H (en) * | 1987-07-16 | 1990-08-07 | Fmc Corporation | Herbicidal clomazone compositions and methods of use tolerant to corn and other crops |
DE4017665A1 (de) | 1990-06-01 | 1991-12-05 | Hoechst Ag | Pflanzenschuetzende substituierte isoxazoline, isoxazole, isothiazoline und isothiazole sowie verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
DE4026018A1 (de) | 1990-08-17 | 1992-02-20 | Hoechst Ag | Isoxazoline oder isothiazoline enthaltende pflanzenschuetzende mittel und neue isoxazoline und isothiazoline |
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US9247735B2 (en) | 2016-02-02 |
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CN102599152A (zh) | 2012-07-25 |
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