CN102599152B - 包含除草剂和安全剂的与作物植物相容的除草组合物 - Google Patents
包含除草剂和安全剂的与作物植物相容的除草组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102599152B CN102599152B CN201110442376.4A CN201110442376A CN102599152B CN 102599152 B CN102599152 B CN 102599152B CN 201110442376 A CN201110442376 A CN 201110442376A CN 102599152 B CN102599152 B CN 102599152B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000005623 Thifensulfuron-methyl Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- AHTPATJNIAFOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thifensulfuron-methyl Chemical group S1C=CC(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC=2N=C(OC)N=C(C)N=2)=C1C(=O)OC AHTPATJNIAFOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000005616 Rimsulfuron Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- RTCOGUMHFFWOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicosulfuron Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CN=2)C(=O)N(C)C)=N1 RTCOGUMHFFWOJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- RSMUVYRMZCOLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N metsulfuron methyl Chemical group COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC1=NC(C)=NC(OC)=N1 RSMUVYRMZCOLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
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- QNXAVFXEJCPCJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diclosulam Chemical compound N=1N2C(OCC)=NC(F)=CC2=NC=1S(=O)(=O)NC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl QNXAVFXEJCPCJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
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- QZXATCCPQKOEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Florasulam Chemical compound N=1N2C(OC)=NC=C(F)C2=NC=1S(=O)(=O)NC1=C(F)C=CC=C1F QZXATCCPQKOEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000005564 Halosulfuron methyl Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- FMGZEUWROYGLAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Halosulfuron-methyl Chemical group ClC1=NN(C)C(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC=2N=C(OC)C=C(OC)N=2)=C1C(=O)OC FMGZEUWROYGLAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
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- NAGRVUXEKKZNHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Imazosulfuron Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2N3C=CC=CC3=NC=2Cl)=N1 NAGRVUXEKKZNHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
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- IOXAXYHXMLCCJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxetan-3-yl 2-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoylsulfamoyl]benzoate Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(=O)OC2COC2)=N1 IOXAXYHXMLCCJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
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Classifications
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/36—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
- A01N57/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing aromatic radicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N2300/00—Combinations or mixtures of active ingredients covered by classes A01N27/00 - A01N65/48 with other active or formulation relevant ingredients, e.g. specific carrier materials or surfactants, covered by classes A01N25/00 - A01N65/48
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本文公开了除草组合物及其使用方法,所述除草组合物的特征在于其包含:A)解毒有效量的一种或多种来自式(I)的磷酸酯类的安全剂(safener):其中T和T1独立地选自氢、烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基烷基、烯基和炔基;U是O或S,并且V、W、X、Y和Z独立地选自氢、卤素、烷基、卤代烷基和烷氧基;和B)一种或多种磺胺或磺酰脲除草剂,其选自酰嘧磺隆、四唑嘧磺隆、苄嘧磺隆、氯嘧磺隆、氯磺隆、醚磺隆、环丙嘧磺隆、胺苯磺隆、乙氧嘧磺隆、氟啶嘧磺隆、啶嘧磺隆、酰胺磺隆、氯吡嘧磺隆、唑吡嘧磺隆、甲基碘磺隆、甲磺胺磺隆、甲磺隆、烟嘧磺隆、环氧嘧磺隆、氟嘧磺隆、氟丙磺隆、噻吩磺隆、苯磺隆、三氟啶磺隆、氟胺磺隆、triosulfuron、砜嘧磺隆、氯酯磺草胺、双氯磺草胺、双氟磺草胺、氟唑啶草、磺草唑胺、五氟磺草胺及其组合。
Description
技术领域
本文公开了可用于对抗不需要的植物的作物保护组合物,其包含至少一种除草剂和至少一种安全剂(safener)的组合作为活性化合物。
背景技术
除草剂用于防治不需要的植物(即杂草),否则它们可对期望的植物种类(例如作物植物或观赏植物)造成重大损害。许多强除草剂能够在整个生长季节中以低施用率控制与期望的植物或作物(例如小麦、棉花或玉米(corn))竞争的广谱的草和阔叶杂草。遗憾的是,当以有效控制不需要植物的频率施用时,某些强除草剂不被大量的期望植物耐受或对其有植物毒性。例如,大量磺胺或磺酰脲除草剂因此不能以足够的选择性用于玉蜀黍(maize)、稻或谷物。植物毒性副作用对作物植物更加明显,尤其是当这些除草剂在萌发后施用时,而且避免或减少该植物毒性是期望的。
一种提高敏感作物对某些除草剂的耐受并保持广谱杂草防控的方法是通过使用遗传修饰的作物种系,它们耐受否则会具有植物毒性的除草剂。遗憾的是,高技术成本和许多消费者对将该遗传修饰作物引入市场的不适使这种提高作物耐受的方法不适合。
将某些除草剂与被称为“安全剂”或“解毒剂”的某些化合物组合使用是已知的,所述化合物降低除草剂在作物植物中的植物毒性而不会因此降低对有害植物的除草活性。这种联用的组分被称为“安全化的(safened)”。
例如,EP-A-509433描述了使用5-苯基异唑啉-和5-苯基异噻唑啉-3-羧基衍生物作为用于氨基甲酸酯、硫代氨基甲酸酯、卤代乙酰苯胺、苯氧基苯氧基烷基羧酸衍生物、磺酰脲等系列的除草剂的安全剂。
EP-A-520371描述了将5-烷基异唑啉和-异噻唑啉-3-羧基衍生物作为一些类型的除草剂的安全剂等内容。
WO92/03053描述了使用取代的3-芳基异唑啉-和-异噻唑啉-5-羧基衍生物作为某些除草剂的安全剂。
WO91/18907描述了将甲硅烷基取代的异唑啉、异唑、异噻唑啉和异噻唑作为作物保护剂。
美国专利No.5,516,750描述了属于5,5-二取代异唑啉类的化合物尤其适于保护作物植物免受侵蚀性农用化学品(尤其是除草剂)的损害作用。
然而实际上,这些文献中提到的除草组合物的使用经常伴随有一种或多种缺点。例如,已知化合物的除草活性并不总是足够的,或者,如果该除草活性足够,则可观察到对有用植物的不期望的损害。
美国专利No.6,855,667描述了某些芳香族磷酸酯和硫酯作为除草剂异恶草酮(clomazone)的安全剂的用途。尽管在该公开内容中提到了其他除草剂,但特别举例的除草剂仅有异恶草酮,而且仅有的是玉米和棉花种子上的测试结果,未提供萌发后应用的结果。此外,所提供的仅有的测试结果是针对单个安全剂dietholate的,而且所获得的损害降低最大百分数只有80.0%。后一数值通过对种子施用安全化合物作为种子处理,然后再施用异恶草酮来获得。该专利报道的平均损害降低对于棉花种子处理只有33.35%,对测试的两类玉米种子只有36.8%。
鉴于以上所述,仍需要在本领域中提供比上述那些除草组合物特性更佳的除草组合物。
发明内容
现已发现某些除草剂与一些安全剂的组合与有用植物的作物极具相容性,并且同时对不需要的有害植物极为有效。
选定除草组合物的某些实施方案提供了这些和其他优势,所述除草组合物的特征在于其包含:
A)解毒有效量的一种或多种来自式(I)的磷酸酯类(phosphoratedesters)的安全剂:
其中
T和T1独立地选自氢、烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基烷基、烯基和炔基;
U是O或S,并且
V、W、X、Y和Z独立地选自氢、卤素、烷基、卤代烷基和烷氧基;和
B)一种或多种磺胺或磺酰脲除草剂,其选自酰嘧磺隆(amidosulfuron)、四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron)、苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron-methyl)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron-ethyl)、氯磺隆(chlorsulfuron)、醚磺隆(cinosulfuron)、环丙嘧磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、胺苯磺隆(ethametsulfuron-methyl)、乙氧嘧磺隆(ethoxysulfuron)、氟啶嘧磺隆(flupyrsulfuron-methyl)、啶嘧磺隆(flazasulfuron)、酰胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、氯吡嘧磺隆(halosulfuron-methyl)、唑吡嘧磺隆(imazosulfuron)、甲基碘磺隆(iodosulfuron-methyl)、甲磺胺磺隆(mesosulfuron-methyl)、甲磺隆(metsulfuron-methyl)、烟嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、环氧嘧磺隆(oxasulfuron)、氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron-methyl)、氟丙磺隆(prosulfuron)、噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron-methyl)、苯磺隆(tribenuron-methyl)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron-methyl)、triosulfuron、砜嘧磺隆(rimsulfuron)、氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam-methyl)、双氯磺草胺(diclosulam)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、氟唑啶草(flumetsulam)、磺草唑胺(metosulam)、五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)及其组合。
特别地,除草剂砜嘧磺隆、噻吩磺隆、烟嘧磺隆、苯磺隆、甲磺隆及其组合尤其适于用作组分B。
理想地,这些组合物包含组分A和B的重量比为1∶10至10∶1(特别是1∶10到5∶1)的组分A和B。
还理想的是,其中T和T1分别为具有1-10个碳原子的烷基(更特别地,具有1-7个碳原子的烷基,甚至更特别地,具有1-4个碳原子的烷基)的化合物适于用作组分A。其中T和T1分别为甲基、乙基、丙基或丁基,U是硫,并且V、W、X、Y和Z每个均为氢的化合物尤其适合。
本文还公开了保护植物免受因施用除草有效量的除草化合物到植物的位置(locus)而引起的非故意植物毒性伤害的方法,该方法包括施用有效量的一种或多种式(I)的磷酸酯类安全化合物至所述位置。在一个具体的实施方案中,所述方法包括施用上述组合物至所述植物的位置,其中除草剂和安全剂同时施用。
具体实施方式
本文公开的一些实施方案一般地涉及可用于对抗不需要的植物的作物保护组合物领域,所述作物保护组合物包含至少一种除草剂和至少一种选自式(I)之磷酸酯类的安全剂的组合作为活性化合物:
其中
T和T1独立地选自氢、烷基、卤代烷基、烷氧基烷基、烯基和炔基;
U是O或S,并且
V、W、X、Y和Z独立地选自氢、卤素、烷基、卤代烷基和烷氧基。
当与数值或数值范围一起使用时,本文所用术语“约”和“大约”等表示所示数值以及略高于所述数值和略低于所述数值的数值量(除非所述数值代表物质的量并且所述数值是零);当本领域技术人员不能确定该术语的含义时,它们涵盖所述数值至多±10%的变化。
如本文所用并且除非另外指出,单独或作为更大结构的一部分使用的取代基术语烷基、烯基、炔基、烷氧基和卤代烷基包括适于取代基的至少一个或两个碳原子(优选多至12个碳原子,更优选多至10个碳原子,最优选多至7个碳原子)的直链或支链。“卤素”或“卤代”是指氟、溴、碘或氯。
如本文所述,如果将许多对杂草和作物有同样的不同程度的选择性和植物毒性的除草剂针对更大范围的作物进行安全化,则它们可提供更多的用途。所述除草化合物包括选自以下的磺酰脲和/或磺胺:酰嘧磺隆、四唑嘧磺隆、苄嘧磺隆、氯嘧磺隆、氯磺隆、醚磺隆、环丙嘧磺隆、胺苯磺隆、乙氧嘧磺隆、氟啶嘧磺隆、啶嘧磺隆、酰胺磺隆、氯吡嘧磺隆、唑吡嘧磺隆、甲基碘磺隆、甲磺胺磺隆、甲磺隆、烟嘧磺隆、环氧嘧磺隆、氟嘧磺隆、氟丙磺隆、噻吩磺隆、苯磺隆、三氟啶磺隆、氟胺磺隆、triosulfuron、砜嘧磺隆、氯酯磺草胺、双氯磺草胺、双氟磺草胺、氟唑啶草、磺草唑胺、五氟磺草胺及其组合。特别地,砜嘧磺隆和噻吩磺隆、噻吩磺隆和苯磺隆、砜嘧磺隆和烟嘧磺隆、以及噻吩磺隆和甲磺隆的组合尤其适合。
可如本文所述被安全化的目标植物优选包括但不限于,大豆、棉花、甜菜、油菜、马铃薯、向日葵、花生、莴苣、胡萝卜、甘薯、苜蓿、烟草、玉米、稻、高粱、小麦、大麦、燕麦、黑麦、黑小麦和甘蔗。施用本发明化合物或组合物的更优选植物是大豆、小麦、玉米、棉花、甜菜、油菜、马铃薯、向日葵、花生、莴苣、胡萝卜、甘薯、苜蓿和烟草。施用本文所述方法和组合物的最优选植物是小麦、玉米和棉花,尤其是玉米和棉花。
所述除草活性物质和安全剂可一起施用(以预混物(ready-mix)的形式或通过罐混法(tankmixmethod))或以任何期望顺序依次施用。安全剂与除草剂的重量比可在宽范围内变化,而且优选范围为1∶10至10∶1,尤其是1∶10至5∶1的范围。每种情况下使用的除草剂和安全剂的精确量取决于所用除草剂和/或所用安全剂的类型以及待处理植物的性质,而且在每个个别情况中可通过使用本文提供的信息以及常规实验和合适的预实验来确定。当使用安全剂和其他作物保护产品的活性物质(例如杀虫剂或杀虫剂/除草剂组合)时,可考虑类似的比例。
期望将安全剂主要用于谷类作物(小麦、黑麦、大麦、燕麦)、稻、玉蜀黍、高粱,但也用于棉花和玉米。
本文所述式(I)的安全剂的特别优势体现在与选自磺酰脲和/或磺胺的除草剂组合时。这种结构类型的一些除草剂在无本文所述安全剂和技术时不能使用或不能以充分的选择性使用,例如在棉花和玉米中。当除草剂与本文所述组合物和/或方法的安全剂组合时,甚至在棉花和玉米中使用难于施用的这些除草剂也可实现极佳和出人意料的选择性。
根据它们的性质,式(I)的安全剂可用于预处理作物植物的种子,或者它们可在播种前掺入播种的犁沟中,或者在植物萌发前或后与除草剂一起施用。萌发前处理包括在播种前处理耕作区域和在种子已播种但作物植物还未生长时处理耕作区域两方面。优选与除草剂一起联合使用,尤其是通过萌发后方法。罐混合或预混合可用于该目的。当术语“施用于植物的位置”用于本文时,任何这些施用方法在该术语的含义内。
根据作物损害症状和使用的除草剂,所需的安全剂的施用率可在大范围内变化,通常为每公顷0.001至15kg(优选0.005至5kg)活性物质。除了本文所述的磺酰脲和磺胺除草剂,组合物可包含额外的杀虫物质,包括额外的除草剂如氟草烟(fluroxypyr)。特别地,噻吩磺隆和氟草烟的组合尤其适合。
本文还公开了保护作物植物免受杀虫剂(优选除草剂)之植物毒性副作用的方法的实施方案,其包括在施用杀虫剂或除草剂之前、之后或同时,施用有效量的式(I)化合物至所述植物位置(例如施用至植物、植物种子或耕作区域)。
本文还公开了包含式(I)的活性物质和常规制剂辅助成分的作物保护产品,以及包含式(I)的活性物质和常规用于作物保护领域的制剂辅助成分的杀虫剂(优选除草剂)组合物。
式(I)的化合物和/或其与一种或多种所述除草剂的组合可用多种方法配制,这由多种生物和/或化学-物理参数确定。因此以下是一些可能的适用剂型:可湿性粉剂(WP,wettablepowder),可乳化浓缩剂(EC,emulsifiableconcentrate),水溶性粉剂(SP,watersolublepowder),水溶性浓缩剂(SL,water-solubleconcentrate),浓缩乳剂(EW,concentratedemulsion)如水包油和油包水乳剂,可喷洒溶液或乳剂,胶囊混悬剂(CS,capsulessuspension),油基或水基分散体剂型(SC,oil-orwater-baseddispersion),悬乳剂(suspoemulsion),粉尘剂(DP,dust),拌种产品,微颗粒、喷雾颗粒、包衣颗粒和吸附颗粒形式的颗粒剂(GR,granule),水溶颗粒剂(SG,water-solublegranule),水分散粒剂(WG,water-dispersiblegranule),ULV制剂,微胶囊剂和蜡剂。
可湿性粉剂是均匀分散于水中的制剂,除活性物质外其还包含润湿剂(例如聚氧乙烯化(polyoxethylated)烷基酚、聚氧乙烯化的脂肪醇和脂肪胺、脂肪醇聚二醇醚硫酸类(fattyalcoholpolyglycolethersulfates)、链烷磺酸类(alkanesulfonates)或烷基芳基磺酸类(alkylarylsulfonates))和分散剂(例如木质素磺酸钠、2,2′-二萘甲烷-6,6′-二磺酸钠、二丁基萘磺酸钠或其他油酰基甲基牛磺酸钠),以及稀释剂或惰性物质。
可乳化浓缩剂是通过将活性物质溶解于有机溶剂(例如丁醇、环己酮、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲苯或其他更高沸点的芳香族或烃)并加入一种或多种乳化剂制备的。可用的乳化剂实例包括:烷基芳基磺酸钙(如十二烷基苯磺酸钙)或非离子型乳化剂,例如脂肪酸聚二醇酯、烷基芳基聚二醇醚、脂肪醇聚二醇醚、环氧丙烷环氧乙烷缩合产物(例如嵌段共聚物)、烷基聚醚、失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯或聚氧乙烯山梨醇酯。
粉尘剂通过将活性物质与细碎固体物质(例如滑石、天然粘土(如高岭土、膨润土和叶蜡石)或硅藻土)一起研磨获得。
颗粒剂可通过将包含活性物质的液体喷洒至吸附性的颗粒惰性物质上制备,或通过将活性物质浓缩物经粘合剂(例如聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸钠或其他矿物油)施加至载体(例如沙、高岭土或颗粒惰性物质)表面上制备。如果期望采用与肥料一起的混合物的形式,合适的活性物质也可通过生产肥料颗粒的常规方法被颗粒化。
通常,农用化学制剂一般包含约0.1-99wt%(特别是约0.1-95wt%)的式(I)的活性物质(解毒剂)或解毒剂/除草剂的活性物质混合物和约1-99.9wt%(特别是约5-99.8wt%)的固体或液体添加剂,以及约0-25wt%(特别是约0.1-25wt%)的表面活性剂。
可湿性粉剂中活性物质的浓度是,例如约10-90wt%,剩余部分由常规制剂成分构成至100%。对可乳化浓缩剂而言,活性物质的浓度是约1-80wt%的活性物质。粉尘剂形式的制剂包含约1-20wt%的活性物质,可喷洒溶液包含约0.2-20wt%的活性物质。对颗粒剂(例如水分散粒剂)而言,活性物质的含量部分取决于活性化合物是液体形式还是固体形式。通常,水分散颗粒剂一般包含10-90wt%的活性物质。
此外,所述活性物质和制剂包含(如果合适)粘合剂、润湿剂、分散剂、乳化剂、渗透剂、溶剂、填充剂或载体,每种情况下它们都是常规的。
在使用时,当以市售形式提供时,制剂(如果合适)按常规方式稀释,例如可湿性粉剂、可乳化浓缩剂、分散剂和水分散颗粒剂用水稀释。粉尘剂、颗粒剂和可喷洒溶液形式的制剂通常在使用前不再用其他惰性物质进一步稀释。解毒剂所需的施用率随外部条件而变化,如温度、湿度和所用杀虫剂或除草剂的性质等。
实施例
以下实施例中,术语“工业级”是指除草化合物如从制造过程中获得的那样,一般包含90-100wt%的活性成分,剩余部分是惰性添加剂、杂质等。所有百分比是基于组合物的总重量的重量百分比。
实施例1:22.4%砜嘧磺隆+噻吩磺隆WG
水分散颗粒剂这样获得:根据配方混合上述组分,在松木盘磨机中研磨混合物以形成粉末,之后在流化床中通过喷洒作为颗粒化液体的水使粉末颗粒化。
实施例2:54.5%烟嘧磺隆WG
水分散颗粒剂这样获得:根据配方混合上述组分,在松木盘磨机中研磨混合物以形成粉末,之后在流化床中通过喷洒作为颗粒化液体的水使粉末颗粒化。
实施例3:75%噻吩磺隆+苯磺隆WG
水分散颗粒剂这样获得:根据配方混合上述组分,在松木盘磨机中研磨混合物以形成粉末,之后在流化床中通过喷洒作为颗粒化液体的水使粉末颗粒化。
实施例4:40g/L烟嘧磺隆OD
油基混悬浓缩剂这样获得:根据配方混合以上所有组分,保持适当的本领域常规处理参数(如平均粒径)用水平搅拌珠磨机来研磨混合物。
实施例5:20%砜嘧磺隆+烟嘧磺隆SG
可溶颗粒剂这样获得:根据配方混合上述组分,在松木盘磨机中研磨混合物以形成粉末,之后在流化床中通过喷洒作为颗粒化液体的水使粉末颗粒化。
实施例6:噻吩磺隆18g/L+氟草烟180g/LZC
氟草烟CS制剂:PAPI和氟草烟经搅拌合并以形成均一的液体混合物。在Waring混合杯中加热Atlox4913水溶液至约50℃。搅拌所述溶液,同时缓慢加入液体混合物以形成在整个连续水相中均匀分散的与水不互溶相的均一乳液。缓慢加入三乙胺的水溶液,在该界面发生聚合,产生粒径1-30微米的微囊剂。冷却并过滤产物,以获得微囊化氟草烟的稳定CS制剂。
噻吩磺隆SC制剂:通过混合将Atlox4913、噻吩磺隆、安全剂和水合并,精细研磨以形成悬浮浓缩剂(SC)。
最后,通过混合将微囊化氟草烟的CS制剂和噻吩磺隆的SC制剂合并,以形成具有微囊化氟草烟和噻吩磺隆二者的稳定组合物。
实施例7:75%噻吩磺隆WG
水分散颗粒剂这样获得:根据配方混合上述组分,在松木盘磨机中研磨混合物以形成粉末,之后在流化床中通过喷洒作为颗粒化液体的水使粉末颗粒化。
实施例8:68.2%噻吩磺隆+6.8%甲磺隆WG
水分散颗粒剂这样获得:根据配方混合上述组分,在松木盘磨机中研磨混合物以形成粉末,之后在流化床中通过喷洒作为颗粒化液体的水使粉末颗粒化。
上述每个实施例提供两种组合物,一种是磺酰脲和/或磺胺除草剂和本文公开的安全剂的组合,另一种包含相同相对量的相同组分,但其中安全剂被惰性填充剂替代。因此组合物适合于并列比较说明磺酰脲和/或磺胺除草剂和本文公开的安全剂之组合的出人意料的优势。
生物实施例
将玉蜀黍、大麦、稻和玉米种子置于塑料罐的砂壤土中,将植物在温室中培育至生长到四叶至六叶期,随后用本发明的化合物和除草剂进行萌发后处理。实施例1至实施例8和比较例A至比较例H的组合物以水混悬剂的形式以300L水/公顷(转化的)的施用率施用。处理后4周,根据施用组合物的植物毒性对植物评分,而损害程度通过与用比较例A至比较例H处理的结果相比较来确定。
测试结果(见表1,2,3和4)证明具有本文所述安全剂的化合物可以高度有效的方式防止对植物的损害。
表1本文所述组合物对棉花植物的影响
从上述结果可容易地看出,安全剂与测试的磺酰脲和/或磺胺除草剂一起使用使得损害减少了100%(实施例1/比较例A(六叶期)、实施例2/比较例B(两个时期)、实施例3/比较例C(两个时期)、实施例4/比较例D(两个时期)、实施例5/比较例E(两个时期)、实施例6/比较例F(两个时期)和实施例8/比较例H(六叶期))、93%(实施例1/比较例A(四叶期))、87.9%(实施例7/比较例G(四叶期))、93.8%(实施例7/比较例G(六叶期)和94.1%(实施例8/比较例H(四叶期))。每个减少都出人意料地好于美国专利No.6,855,667中提到的dietholate对异恶草酮的安全化。
表2本文所述组合物对玉米植物的影响
从上述结果可容易地看出,安全剂与测试的磺酰脲和/或磺胺除草剂一起使用使得损害减少了100%(实施例1/比较例A(六叶期)、实施例2/比较例B(两个时期)、实施例4/比较例D(两个时期)、实施例5/比较例E(两个时期)和实施例6/比较例F(两个时期))、93.4%(实施例1/比较例A(四叶期))、88.9%和94.1%(实施例3/比较例C(分别为四叶期和六叶期)、83.3%和94.3%(实施例7/比较例G(分别为四叶期和六叶期))以及89.1%和94.3%(实施例8/比较例H(分别为四叶期和六叶期))。与棉花的结果一样,玉米的结果所显示的减少出人意料地好于美国专利No.6,855,667中用dietholate对异恶草酮的安全化。
表3本文所述组合物对稻植物的影响
从上述结果可容易地看出,安全剂与测试的磺酰脲和/或磺胺除草剂一起使用使得损害减少了100%(实施例1/比较例A(六叶期)、实施例2/比较例B(两个时期)、实施例4/比较例D(两个时期)、实施例5/比较例E(两个时期)、实施例6/比较例F(两个时期)、实施例7/比较例G(六叶期)和实施例8/比较例H(六叶期))、92.8%(实施例1/比较例A(四叶期))、85.7%和93.3%(实施例3/比较例3(分别为四叶期和六叶期)、75%(实施例7/比较例G(四叶期))以及93.9%(实施例8/比较例H(四叶期))。在这些减少中,只有实施例7/比较例G(四叶期)与美国专利No.6,855,667中报道的dietholate对异恶草酮获得的减少相接近,所有其它的损害减少出人意料地好于对异恶草酮获得的结果。
表4本文所述组合物对大麦植物的影响
从上述结果可容易地看出,安全剂与测试的磺酰脲和/或磺胺除草剂一起使用使得损害减少了100%(实施例1/比较例A(六叶期)、实施例2/比较例B(两个时期)、实施例4/比较例D(两个时期)、实施例5/比较例E(两个时期)、实施例6/比较例F(两个时期)、实施例7/比较例G(六叶期)、实施例8/比较例H(六叶期))、92.3%(实施例1/比较例A(四叶期))、90.5%和94.3%(实施例3/比较例C(分别为四叶期和六叶期)、87.5%(实施例7/比较例G(四叶期))以及94.1%(实施例8/比较例H(四叶期))。每个减少都出人意料地好于美国专利No.6,855,667中提到的异恶草酮的安全化。
结果表明对多种作物植物和多种磺酰脲和磺胺除草剂,本文所述的安全剂提供一定程度的损害减少,鉴于美国专利No.6,855,667中报道的dietholate和异恶草酮一起使用所提供的较低的损害减少,这是出乎意料的。
本发明已对某些具体的实施方案和其实施例进行了描述,应理解这些实施方案和实施例并不限制所附权利要求的范围。
Claims (20)
1.除草组合物,其包含
A)解毒有效量的一种或多种来自式(I)的磷酸酯类的安全剂(组分A):
其中,
T、T1独立地选自氢和1-4个碳原子的烷基;
U是O或S,而且
V、W、X、Y和Z独立地选自氢、卤素、烷基、卤代烷基和烷氧基;和
B)除草有效量的一种或多种除草剂(组分B),其选自砜嘧磺隆、噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron-methyl)、烟嘧磺隆、苯磺隆和甲磺隆;
并且其中组分A和B以1:10至10:1的组分A与组分B重量比存在。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中所述组分A与组分B的重量比为1:10至5:1。
3.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中T和T1独立地选自甲基、乙基、丙基和丁基。
4.根据权利要求3的组合物,其中T和T1相同。
5.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中T和T1是甲基,U是硫,而且V、W、X、Y和Z是氢。
6.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中T和T1是乙基,U是硫,而且V、W、X、Y和Z是氢。
7.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中T和T1是丙基,U是硫,而且V、W、X、Y和Z是氢。
8.根据权利要求1的组合物,其中T和T1是丁基,U是硫,而且V、W、X、Y和Z是氢。
9.保护植物免受因施用除草有效量的除草化合物到所述植物的位置所致的植物毒性损害的方法,所述方法包括:
向所述位置施用有效量的一种或多种具有式(I)的安全化合物(组分A)
其中
T、T1独立地选自氢和1-4个碳原子的烷基;
U是O或S,而且
V、W、X、Y和Z独立地选自氢、卤素、烷基、卤代烷基和烷氧基;和
向所述位置施用除草有效量的一种或多种除草剂(组分B),其选自砜嘧磺隆、噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron-methyl)、烟嘧磺隆、苯磺隆和甲磺隆;
其中所述组分A和B的施用同时发生,而且以1:10至10:1的组分A与组分B重量比施用。
10.根据权利要求9的方法,其中所述组分A与组分B重量比为1:10至5:1。
11.根据权利要求9的方法,其中T和T1独立地选自甲基、乙基、丙基和丁基。
12.根据权利要求11的方法,其中T和T1相同。
13.根据权利要求9的方法,其中T和T1是甲基,U是硫,而且V、W、X、Y和Z是氢。
14.根据权利要求9的方法,其中T和T1是乙基,U是硫,而且V、W、X、Y和Z是氢。
15.根据权利要求9的方法,其中T和T1是丙基,U是硫,而且V、W、X、Y和Z是氢。
16.根据权利要求9的方法,其中T和T1是丁基,U是硫,而且V、W、X、Y和Z是氢。
17.根据权利要求9的方法,其中所述植物选自大豆、棉花、甜菜、油菜、马铃薯、向日葵、花生、莴苣、胡萝卜、甘薯、苜蓿、烟草、玉米、稻、高粱、小麦、大麦、燕麦、黑麦、黑小麦和甘蔗。
18.根据权利要求17的方法,其中所述植物是大麦、稻、玉米或棉花。
19.根据权利要求9的方法,其中所述除草化合物(组分B)以0.001至15千克/公顷的量施用至所述植物的位置,而所述安全化合物(组分A)以0.003至15千克/公顷的量施用。
20.根据权利要求9的方法,其中所述组分A还包含农业可接受载体。
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WO2012135441A1 (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-04 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | Penoxsulam as an herbicide in alfalfa |
RU2616394C2 (ru) * | 2011-12-29 | 2017-04-14 | Акцо Нобель Кемикалз Интернэшнл Б.В. | Сурфактанты, образующие макроструктуру, пригодные в качестве средств для контроля сноса аэрозоля при применениях пестицидов путем разбрызгивания |
AR100785A1 (es) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-11-02 | Dow Agrosciences Llc | Control herbicida de maleza a partir de combinaciones de fluroxipir e inhibidores de als |
TWI689252B (zh) | 2014-09-15 | 2020-04-01 | 美商陶氏農業科學公司 | 源自於施用吡啶羧酸除草劑與乙醯乳酸合成酶(als)抑制劑的協同性雜草控制 |
TWI698178B (zh) | 2014-09-15 | 2020-07-11 | 美商陶氏農業科學公司 | 源自於施用吡啶羧酸除草劑與光系統ii抑制劑的協同性雜草控制 |
TWI685302B (zh) | 2014-09-15 | 2020-02-21 | 美商陶氏農業科學公司 | 包含吡啶羧酸除草劑之安全的除草組成物 |
TWI689251B (zh) | 2014-09-15 | 2020-04-01 | 美商陶氏農業科學公司 | 源自於施用吡啶羧酸除草劑與合成生長素除草劑及/或生長素轉運抑制劑的協同性雜草控制 |
TWI694770B (zh) | 2014-09-15 | 2020-06-01 | 美商陶氏農業科學公司 | 包含吡啶羧酸除草劑之安全的除草組成物(二) |
GB201419828D0 (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2014-12-24 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Herbicidal compounds |
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CN112205418A (zh) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-01-12 | 镇江先锋植保科技有限公司 | 一种含噻吩磺隆的复配除草剂 |
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BR112013018077B1 (pt) | 2018-04-10 |
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