TWI508970B - 矽氧烷三酸酐、聚合物、液晶配向劑、液晶配向膜以及液晶顯示元件 - Google Patents
矽氧烷三酸酐、聚合物、液晶配向劑、液晶配向膜以及液晶顯示元件 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI508970B TWI508970B TW103107949A TW103107949A TWI508970B TW I508970 B TWI508970 B TW I508970B TW 103107949 A TW103107949 A TW 103107949A TW 103107949 A TW103107949 A TW 103107949A TW I508970 B TWI508970 B TW I508970B
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- liquid crystal
- crystal alignment
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 102
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
- C09K19/56—Aligning agents
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0834—Compounds having one or more O-Si linkage
- C07F7/0838—Compounds with one or more Si-O-Si sequences
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
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- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1042—Copolyimides derived from at least two different tetracarboxylic compounds or two different diamino compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
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- C08G73/106—Polyimides containing other atoms than carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen or oxygen in the main chain containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
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- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1075—Partially aromatic polyimides
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- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
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- C08G77/045—Polysiloxanes containing less than 25 silicon atoms
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/14—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/38—Polysiloxanes modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
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Description
本發明是有關於一種酸酐化合物,且特別是有關於一種矽氧烷三酸酐、以該矽氧烷三酸酐為原料進行聚合反應所獲得的聚合物、包含該聚合物的液晶配向劑和液晶配向膜,以及具有該液晶配向膜的液晶顯示元件。
近來,在各種平板顯示元件中,液晶顯示元件因體積小、輕薄、省電、低消耗功率及顯示品質良好等優點,成為市場上的主流產品。
液晶顯示元件的作用原理是藉由調整施加於液晶顯示元件上的電壓,改變液晶分子的排列,進而影響穿過液晶分子的光的偏振方向,而使液晶顯示元件表現出明暗的變化。其中,液晶顯示元件的基本構造為兩片透明導電的基板,在其間注入液晶,且在兩基板外側各加上一片偏光板。另外,為使液晶分子依特定的方向與預定的傾斜角度排列,兩基板上會各自塗布一層液晶配向膜,並利用棉布、尼龍等軟布施以壓力來摩擦,使膜上留下奈米等級的溝槽,如此一來,液晶分子可藉由和膜上高分子間的交互作用力,以固定且均一的方向排列於溝槽中,呈現穩定的傾斜角
度。
構成液晶配向膜的液晶配向劑材料可為聚醯胺酸、聚醯亞胺、聚酯、聚有機矽氧烷等聚合物,其中聚醯亞胺由於具有化學安定性和熱安定性等性質,因此最常被利用作為液晶配向劑的材料。
由於對液晶顯示元件的顯示品質的要求不斷提高,液晶配向劑的材料之開發也越來越受到重視。
本發明提供一種矽氧烷三酸酐、以該矽氧烷三酸酐為原料進行聚合反應所獲得的聚合物、包含該聚合物的液晶配向劑和液晶配向膜,以及具有該液晶配向膜的液晶顯示元件。透過結構新穎的矽氧烷三酸酐,本發明為液晶配向膜提供了一種嶄新的原料,使本領域的技術人員從此可以不再侷限於以四羧酸二酐和二胺來合成聚醯胺酸及/或聚醯亞胺,同時,本發明的液晶顯示元件也展現出優越的電性。
本發明的矽氧烷三酸酐具有式1所示的結構:,其中G各自獨立為衍生自以下化合物a到j的基團:
R1
到R7
各自獨立為烷基或苯基,D1
到D3
各自獨立為-(Ra
Rb
SiO)n
-,其中Ra
和Rb
分別為烷基或苯基,n為0~3的整數。
在一種實施方式中,n為0。
在一種實施方式中,Ra
、Rb
和R1
至R7
中的至少一者為苯基,其餘各自獨立為碳數1至3的烷基。
在一種實施方式中,R3
為苯基,且Ra
、Rb
、R1
、R2
、R4
、R5
、R6
及R7
為甲基。
本發明的聚合物包括式2表示的單元或式3表示的單元:
,其中P1
為二胺殘基,Q1
為矽氧烷三酸酐的殘基,且該矽氧烷三酸酐具有前述式1所示的結構。
在本發明的一種實施方式中,式2表示的單元和式3表示的單元在該聚合物中所佔的比例為10莫耳百分比至99莫耳百分比,較佳為30莫耳百分比至99莫耳百分比,更佳為70莫耳百分比至99莫耳百分比。
本發明的液晶配向劑包含前述聚合物。
本發明的液晶配向膜包含前述聚合物。
本發明的液晶顯示元件包含前述液晶配向膜。
綜上所述,本發明提出一種矽氧烷三酸酐、以其為原料合成的聚合物,以及包含該聚合物的液晶配向劑、液晶配向膜和液晶顯示元件。當液晶配向膜具有衍生自矽氧烷三酸酐的結構時,液晶顯示元件的電壓保持率得以提高,因此改善了液晶顯示元件的效能。
為讓本發明的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例
作詳細說明如下。
圖1是合成例的矽氧烷三酸酐的NMR光譜。
在本文中,由「一數值至另一數值」表示的範圍,是一種避免在說明書中一一列舉該範圍中的所有數值的概要性表示方式。因此,記載了某一特定數值範圍,等同於揭露了該數值範圍內的任意數值以及由該數值範圍內的任意數值界定出的較小數值範圍,如同在說明書中明文寫出該任意數值和該較小數值範圍一樣。例如,記載「10至99莫耳百分比」的範圍,就等同於揭露了「20莫耳百分比至50莫耳百分比」的範圍,無論說明書中是否列舉其他數值。
在本文中,如果沒有特別指明某一基團是否經過取代,則該基團可表示經取代或未經取代的基團。例如,「烷基」可表示經取代或未經取代的烷基。
在本文中,有時以鍵線式(skeleton formula)表示化合物結構。這種表示法可以省略碳原子、氫原子以及碳氫鍵。當然,結構式中有明確繪出原子或原子基團的,則以繪示者為準。
本發明的第一實施方式是有關於一種矽氧烷三酸酐,其結構如式1所示:,其中G各自獨立為衍生自以下化合物a到j的基團:
在此,所謂「G衍生自化合物a到j」意指:G是化合物a到j透過其烯鍵和矽氧烷化合物之間產生反應所衍生的單價基團;以化合物b
為例,G可能是或。
式1的R1
到R7
各自獨立為烷基或苯基,其中所述烷基可以是碳數1至3的烷基,所述苯基可以是未經取代的苯基。
式1的D1
到D3
各自獨立為-(Ra
Rb
SiO)n
-,其中Ra
和Rb
分別為烷基或苯基,而所述烷基可以是碳數1至3的烷基。n為0~3的整數。在本申請案所屬的技術領域中,有時也將D1
到D3
稱為D單元(二官能性矽氧烷單元),n的下限為零,意指式1所示的結構中可能不含有D單元。
在一實施例中,R3
為苯基,且Ra
和Rb
(n不等於零時)為甲基,R1
、R2
、R4
、R5
、R6
及R7
也是甲基。
由式1表示的矽氧烷三酸酐可以透過具有末端矽氫鍵的矽氧烷化合物和化合物a到j之間的矽氫化反應(hydrosilation)來獲得。所述具有末端矽氫鍵的矽氧烷化合物例如可由式1-1表示:
其中,R1
’到R7
’的定義分別和R1
到R7
相同。
藉此,可以得到式1中n等於0的矽氧烷三酸酐。
或者,也可以在式1-2所示的矽氧烷化合物的末端,透過脫水縮合(dehydration condensation)反應接上D單元,以形成如式1-3所示的矽氧烷化合物。在此,D單元的原料可以是一端具有矽醇基(Si-OH)、另一端具有矽氫鍵的矽氧烷化合物。然後,讓式1-3表示的矽氧烷化合物透過矽氫化反應和化合物a到j反應,以得到式1中n不等於0的矽氧烷三酸酐。
前述矽氫化反應和脫水縮合反應是相關技術領域中所習知的,本領域的技術人員可以根據相關文獻選擇適當原料和調整反應條件。
如第一實施方式所述的矽氧烷三酸酐可以和二胺反應,以形成聚醯亞胺類化合物(即具有醯胺鍵及/或醯亞胺鍵的聚合物,例如聚醯胺酸、聚醯亞胺或聚醯胺酸-聚醯亞胺)。因此,本發明還包括另一種(第二)實施方式,針對的是一種包括由式2表示的單元或由式3表示的單元的聚合物:
在式2和式3中,P1
是二胺殘基,Q1
是矽氧烷三酸酐的殘基,且所述矽氧烷三酸酐具有前述式1所示的結構。
此處,所謂「二胺殘基」是指從二胺化合物上移去所有-NH2
基團所獲得的二價基團;所謂「矽氧烷三酸酐的殘基」是指從矽氧烷三酸酐上移去所有酸酐結構(-(CO)O(CO)-)所獲得的六價基團。
值得注意的是,如果聚合物是由式2所示的單元構成,單元和單元之間的結合,是透過將P1
基團和位於式2右側和下側的氮原子連接而完成的。同樣地,當聚合物包括式3所示的單元,或者同時包括式2和式3所示的單元,或者甚至更包括其他單元時,組合各個單元的方式也和前述者相同。
第二實施方式的聚合物的合成方法舉例說明如下。首先,式2所示的單元可以透過式1所示的矽氧烷三酸酐和二胺化合物(H2
N-P1
-NH2
)反應來獲得。在此,二胺化合物沒有特別限制,只要是能和酸酐產生反應者都可以使用。具體而言,二胺化合物可以是中華民國專利公告號I367233中表二和表三所記載的二胺化合物,申請人在此也將該案的全部內容援引加入本申請案之中,使該案得作為修改和解釋本申請案的依據。
矽氧烷三酸酐與二胺的反應可以在有機溶劑中完成。所使用的有機溶劑可分成溶解度較佳與溶解度較差的有機溶劑。溶解度較佳的有機溶劑例如為N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯
胺、N-甲基己內醯胺、二甲基亞碸、四甲基尿素、六甲基磷醯胺、γ-丁內酯及吡啶等,且以上溶劑可以混合使用。除上述溶劑以外,只要可以溶解所形成的聚合物皆可使用。
溶解度較差的有機溶劑也可以和前述溶解度較佳的有機溶劑混合使用,使用的限制為不會將所形成的聚合物分離出來。溶解度較差的有機溶劑包括甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、正丁醇、環己醇、乙二醇、乙二醇甲基醚、乙二醇單乙基醚、乙二醇單丁基醚、乙二醇二甲基醚、乙二醇二乙基醚、二乙基醚、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、環己酮、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、四氫呋喃、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、正己烷、正庚烷及正辛烷等。
至於式3所示的單元,則是式2所示的單元脫水環化之後所得的產物。
脫水環化反應可藉由(1)直接加熱或者(2)添加脫水劑及催化劑來進行。
(1):加熱脫水環化反應的溫度以50℃~300℃為佳,又以100℃~250℃更佳。當反應溫度低於50℃時,脫水環化反應不會進行。
(2):添加脫水劑及催化劑進行脫水環化反應的溫度以-20℃~150℃較佳,又以0℃~120℃更佳。脫水劑可使用酸酐,諸如乙酸酐、丙酸酐、三氟乙酸酐等,其用量視所需閉環率而定。催化劑可使用三級胺,諸如三乙基胺、吡啶、二甲基吡啶等,其用量以每1莫耳脫水劑使用0.01莫耳~10莫耳為佳。
除了式2和式3表示的單元以外,本實施方式的聚合物還可以包括式4表示的單元及/或式5表示的單元:
其中,Rx
是四羧酸二酐的殘基,而Ry
是二胺的殘基。此處「殘基」的意義如本文第0034段所述。此處的四羧酸二酐沒有特別限制,只要是能和胺基反應而生成羧基和醯胺基者均能使用,其具體例可以如中華民國專利號I367233中的表一所示。此處的二胺則可以和本文0036段所述的相同。
式4所示者是四羧酸二酐和二胺反應所產生的聚醯胺酸的單元;式5所示者是式4的單元脫水環化的產物。這些反應是本領域的技術人員所熟知的,於此不再贅述。
式2表示的單元和式3表示的單元在第二實施方式的聚合物中所佔的比例原則上沒有特別限制,其下限例如是0.1莫耳百分比或1莫耳百分比;而其上限例如是60莫耳百分比或20莫耳百分比。
第二實施方式的聚合物可以作為液晶顯示元件中液晶配向膜的材料。因此,本發明還包括針對液晶配向劑、液晶配向膜以及液晶顯示元件的不同實施方式,其中液晶配向劑和液晶配向膜包括第二實施方式所述的聚合物,而液晶顯示元件包括此種液晶配向膜。
本發明的第三實施方式是關於一種液晶配向劑,其包括溶解於溶劑中的第二實施方式的聚合物。上述溶劑包括:N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、
N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、N-甲基己內醯胺、二甲基亞碸、γ-丁內酯、γ-丁內醯胺、乙二醇單甲基醚、乙二醇單乙基醚、乙二醇單正丙基醚、乙二醇單丁基醚等,以上溶劑可以混合使用。
再者,視需要,液晶配向劑例如可更包括有機矽(氧)烷化合物、環氧化合物或其他添加劑。
本發明的第四實施方式是關於一種液晶配向膜,其包括第二實施方式的聚合物,並可以由第三實施方式的液晶配向劑製成。其製作方式簡言之是將液晶配向劑塗布在基板上,透過加熱去除溶劑以成膜。在此,若液晶配向劑的固含量低於1重量%,所塗的配向膜膜厚可能太薄而降低液晶配向性;若液晶配向劑的固含量高於10重量%時,則會影響塗布品質。鑑於以上因素,液晶配向劑的固含量以1~10重量%較佳。
本發明的第五實施方式是關於一種液晶顯示元件,包括前述液晶配向膜,且例如可透過以下方法獲得:
(1)將液晶配向劑藉由滾輪塗布法、旋轉塗布法或印刷法塗布在具有圖案化透明導電膜的玻璃基板上。接著,進行加熱烘烤以形成薄膜。加熱烘烤的主要目的是移除液晶配向劑內的有機溶劑,並促使式2及式4(若其存在)的單元脫水環化。加熱烘烤溫度可為80℃~300℃,以100℃~240℃為佳。所形成的薄膜厚度以0.005微米~0.5微米為佳。
(2)可選地,所形成的薄膜可藉由捲繞有耐綸或棉纖維布的滾筒進行定向摩擦,此步驟有助於使配向膜能提供液晶分子配向性。
(3)於上述具液晶配向膜的基板上塗布框膠,並於另一具上述液晶配向膜的基板上噴灑間隙物,然後將兩液晶配向膜基板以彼此刷膜方向互相垂直或互相平行的方式組合,且於其間隙中注入液晶,並密封注射孔,即可形成液晶顯示元件。
由於矽氧鍵(Si-O)的特性,含有第二實施方式的聚合物的液晶配向膜與已知的含聚醯亞胺類化合物的液晶配向膜相比之下,具有更低的化學活性、更佳的熱穩定性和電絕緣性,因此能達到更高的電壓保持率(voltage holding ratio,VHR)。
此外,為了滿足液晶配向膜的不同功能要求,液晶配向膜中可以含有多於一種的聚合物,例如其一用於調整電性,另一用於調整液晶的預傾角。多種聚合物之間如果混合在一起,可能無法滿足其原定用途。為了促進不同聚合物的分離,在基底上塗布液晶配向劑後,通常需以較高的溫度進行烘烤,讓聚合物更接近熔融狀態,但這就表示要耗費更多能量,並且相應地提高了成本。對此,由於矽氧鍵(Si-O)的特性,第二實施方式的聚合物極性相對較低,在和其他的聚醯亞胺類化合物混合時,比較容易分離,這可以降低烘烤製程的溫度(例如,烘烤溫度可從230℃降低到200℃),或者從另一角度而言,在相同的烘烤溫度下可以達到更好的相分離效果。
〈實驗〉
下文將列舉實施例以更具體地描述本發明。雖然描述了以下實驗,但是在不逾越本發明範疇之前提下,可適當地改變所用材料、其量及比率、處理細節以及處理流程等等。因此,不應根據下文所述的實驗對本發明作出限制性的解釋。
合成矽氧烷三酸酐:在此合成例中,反應原料如下:
將49.25克的內次甲基-1,2,3,6-四氫化鄰苯二甲酸酐(即酸酐化合物B;CAS:826-62-0)混合於41.16克的甲苯中,加入0.01克的PC085(UCT公司所生產的Pt Cyclic Silicone(Ashbey’s catalyst)催化劑)均勻攪拌。升溫至110℃後,維持8小時。隨後,降溫至90℃,加入34.72克的苯基三(二甲基矽氧烷基)矽烷(即矽氧烷化合物A;CAS:18027-45-7),維持在90℃,保持12小時,並觀察反應物的IR光譜。起始物苯基三(二甲基矽氧烷基)矽烷於2132.70cm-1
位置有強烈的矽氫訊號。反應完成後,起始物苯基三(二甲基矽氧烷基)矽烷的矽氫訊號消失。此時抽乾甲苯,即可得矽氧烷三酸酐化合物,產率為98%。產物的結構和NMR光譜如圖1所示,其相當於式1中R3
為未取代的苯基,R1
到R7
為未取代的甲基,且n為0的結構。以下,以縮寫THNA指代此矽氧烷三酸酐產物。
合成聚合物I:將各種二胺單體(3CC、AP、TMDA)按特定用量混合於200克的N-甲基吡咯啶酮(NMP)中並攪拌30分鐘。隨後,加入矽氧烷三酸酐單體THNA,在25℃下與前述二胺進行40分鐘的聚合反應。而後,加入BT-100,在25℃下進行8小時的聚合反應,8小時後利用甲苯脫水環化。接著,在降溫後加入特定比例的CBDA,再加入NMP
以將反應物整體的固含量調至15重量%。在25℃下持續攪拌8小時以進行聚合反應,由此可得固含量為15重量%的聚醯亞胺與聚醯胺酸共聚高分子溶液。關於各種起始物的添加量及各種化合物的簡稱所指為何,請參考表1及其附註。
合成聚合物II:將200mmole的二胺單體TMDA加入200克的N-甲基吡咯啶酮(NMP)中,攪拌30分鐘,再加入200mmole的CBDA,並加入NMP以將反應物整體的固含量調至15重量%,隨後在25℃下持續攪拌8小時以進行聚合反應,由此可得固含量為15重量%的聚醯胺酸高分子溶液。
液晶配向劑、液晶配向膜和液晶顯示元件的製作:以NMP/二乙二醇單丁基醚(BC)(重量比為1:1)為混合溶劑,將製得的聚醯亞胺與聚醯胺酸共聚高分子溶液和/或聚醯胺酸高分子溶液依特定比例(見表1)混合,並稀釋至固含量為6.5重量%,以得到液晶配向劑,再將其塗布在玻璃基板上以形成厚度為1200±100Å的薄膜,並在230℃下烘烤30分鐘以形成液晶配向膜。最後,取一對形成有上述液晶配向膜的基板,以習知方法與液晶(型號為LCT-11506,可自AUO取得)組合,得到含有一對液晶配向膜、夾置於該對液晶配向膜間的液晶層,及一對分別設置於該對液晶配向膜遠離該液晶層側上的電極層的液晶顯示元件D1至D12。
電壓保持率的測量條件:在60℃的環境溫度下,將直流電(1V或5V,0.6Hz,脈衝寬60μsec)施加於液晶顯示元件,並測量液晶顯示元件的電壓保持率。其結果整理於表1最後一欄。
從表1可以看出,同樣在液晶配向膜只含有一種聚合物的狀況下,實施例1到4的液晶顯示元件展現了優於比較例1和2的電壓保持率;另一方面,同樣在液晶配向膜含有兩種聚合物的狀況下,實施例5到8的液晶顯示元件展現了優於比較例3和4的電壓保持率。
綜上所述,本發明提出一種矽氧烷三酸酐、以其為原料合成的聚合物,以及包含該聚合物的液晶配向劑、液晶配向膜和液晶顯示元件。
當液晶配向膜具有衍生自矽氧烷三酸酐的結構時,液晶顯示元件的電壓保持率得以提高,因此改善了液晶顯示元件的效能。
雖然已以實施例對本發明作說明如上,然而,其並非用以限定本發明。任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍的前提內,當可作些許的更動與潤飾。故本申請案的保護範圍當以後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
Claims (12)
- 一種矽氧烷三酸酐,具有式1所示的結構:,其中G各自獨立為衍生自以下化合物a到j的基團:
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的矽氧烷三酸酐,其中n為0。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的矽氧烷三酸酐,其中Ra 、Rb 和R1 至R7 中的至少一者為苯基,其餘各自獨立為碳數1至3的烷基。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的矽氧烷三酸酐,其中R3 為苯基,且Ra 、Rb 、R1 、R2 、R4 、R5 、R6 及R7 為甲基。
- 一種聚合物,包括式2表示的單元或式3表示的單元:
- 如申請專利範圍第5項所述的聚合物,其中n為0。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項所述的聚合物,其中Ra 、Rb 和R1 至R7 中的至少一者為苯基,其餘各自獨立為碳數1至3的烷基。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項所述的聚合物,其中R3 為苯基,且Ra 、Rb 、R1 、R2 、R4 、R5 、R6 及R7 為甲基。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項所述的聚合物,其中式2表示的單元和式3表示的單元在該聚合物中所佔的比例為10莫耳百分比至99莫耳百分比。
- 一種液晶配向劑,包含申請專利範圍第5項至第9項中任一項所述的聚合物。
- 一種液晶配向膜,包含申請專利範圍第5項至第9項中任一項所述的聚合物。
- 一種液晶顯示元件,包含申請專利範圍第11項所述的液晶配向膜。
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