TWI400038B - 奧蘭希啶（ｏｌａｎｅｘｉｄｉｎｅ）水溶液、其製備方法及消毒劑（一） - Google Patents
奧蘭希啶（ｏｌａｎｅｘｉｄｉｎｅ）水溶液、其製備方法及消毒劑（一） Download PDFInfo
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- TWI400038B TWI400038B TW100122882A TW100122882A TWI400038B TW I400038 B TWI400038 B TW I400038B TW 100122882 A TW100122882 A TW 100122882A TW 100122882 A TW100122882 A TW 100122882A TW I400038 B TWI400038 B TW I400038B
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- Prior art keywords
- aqueous solution
- olanzadine
- disinfectant
- acid
- salt
- Prior art date
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- YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A61K31/13—Amines
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Description
本發明係關於一種含有奧蘭希啶(Olanexidine)之水溶液、該水溶液之製備方法以及含該水溶液之消毒劑。
奧蘭希啶為一種化學名為1-(3,4-二氯芐基)-5-辛基雙胍之具有高度殺菌活性之化合物。因此，已有針對係以其鹽酸鹽作有效成分之殺菌劑的研究正於進行之中。(日本特許第2662343號公報等)。
奧蘭希啶極難溶於水，且迄今為止所知之鹽亦難溶於水。舉例言之，測定其鹽酸鹽對水之溶解度(0℃)，結果係不足0.05%(W/V)，而遊離體更低至1階(Order)。因此，僅溶有奧蘭希啶之水溶液不是無法有充分之殺菌活性，便是有因環境而析出之虞。
因此，特別於令其為水性製劑時，為使奧蘭希啶之濃度成為顯示出有效殺菌活性之濃度，或為減低析出之可能性，必須有界面活性劑等之溶解輔助劑。
本發明之目的在於：提供一種含顯示出有效殺菌效果濃度之奧蘭希啶且於高濃度下奧蘭希啶亦不致析出之安定水溶液，其製備方法及含該水溶液之消毒劑(或消毒用組成物)。
本案發明人為解決前述課題而精心檢討，結果成功地製得奧蘭希啶濃度係於0.1%(W/V)以上之奧蘭希啶水溶液。更詳而言之，舉例而言，係以鹼性水溶液使奧蘭希啶酸附加鹽之懸濁液中和或鹼化而獲得遊離形態之奧蘭希啶，將其充分水洗後再將形成奧蘭希啶酸附加鹽之酸以及該酸與鹼之鹽，接著將其添加於葡糖酸水溶液中。該所得水溶液係一種安定之水溶液，與將遊離形態之奧蘭希啶或奧蘭希啶與葡糖酸外之其他酸的鹽溶於水中者相較下，其所含之高濃度奧蘭希啶係前述者完全無法望其項背者，且界面活性劑之使用亦非其所必須。本案發明人係基於前述見解而更反覆研討，終至完成本發明。
此外，日本特許第2662343號公報中，係列舉各種酸以作為形成單雙胍衍生物之酸附加鹽者，其中亦載有葡糖酸。然而，該公報中，並未舉體載有奧蘭希啶之葡糖酸鹽，且該鹽亦未被單離出，更無針對該鹽之溶液的揭示內容。更何況，其亦完全未暗示到該鹽對於水之溶解性。
亦即，本發明係用以提供如下水溶液、製造方法及消毒劑(或消毒用組成物)等者。
(1)一種水溶液，其含有奧蘭希啶與至少等莫耳數之葡糖酸，且實質上未含有葡糖酸以外之酸及該葡糖酸以外之酸的鹽。
(2)如(1)之水溶液，其中該奧蘭希啶之濃度為0.1~20%(W/V)。
(3)如(2)之水溶液，其中該奧蘭希啶之濃度為10~20%(W/V)。
(4)一種(1)至(3)中任一之水溶液之製備方法，係以鹼性水溶液使奧蘭希啶酸附加鹽之水懸濁液中和或鹼化，再以水將析出之固體物洗淨，使經洗淨之固體物溶解於葡糖酸水溶液者。
(5)如(4)之製備方法，其中以鹼性水溶液進行之中和或鹼化係以20~30℃之溫度進行者。
(6)一種消毒劑，其含有(1)至(3)中任一者之水溶液。
(7)如(6)之消毒劑，其係一水性製劑。
(8)如(7)之消毒劑，其中該奧蘭希啶之濃度為0.001~20%(W/V)。
(9)如(6)之消毒劑，其係一醇製劑。
(10)如(9)之消毒劑，其中該奧蘭希啶之濃度為0.001~6%(W/V)。
(11)如(6)至(10)中任一之消毒劑，其更含有聚伸烷基二醇。
(12)如(11)之消毒劑，其中該聚伸烷基二醇之濃度為0.5~10%(W/V)。
(13)如(11)或(12)之消毒劑，其中該聚伸烷基二醇為聚氧伸乙基聚氧伸丙基二醇或聚乙二醇。
(14)一種水溶液，係含有0.1%(W/V)以上濃度之奧蘭希啶。
(15)一種葡糖酸之用途，其係用以使奧蘭希啶對水可溶化者。
(16)一種對象物之消毒或殺菌方法，其係使(6)至(13)中任一之消毒劑之有效量接觸該對象物者。
(17)一種(6)至(13)中任一之消毒劑之用途，其係用以消毒或殺菌者。
本案發明說明書及申請專利範圍中，水溶液或消毒劑中之各成分濃度若無特別告知則係以質量對容量百分率「%(W/V)」，即以「各成分質量(g)/水溶液或消毒劑100mL」表示。消毒劑為一醇製劑時，消毒劑中之醇濃度係以容量百分率「%(V/V)」，即「醇之容積(mL)/消毒劑100mL」表示。
此外，本案說明書及申請專利範圍中，奧蘭希啶之濃度係指以水溶液或消毒液中之遊離體換算而獲得之奧蘭希啶濃度，其係與以高速液體柱色譜法測定該水溶液或消毒液中之遊離奧蘭希啶時之濃度同義。
本發明可提供一種以遊離體換算係含有約0.1%(W/V)以上濃度之奧蘭希啶之水溶液。本發明之水溶液因含有約0.1%(W/V)以上之奧蘭希啶，故可依目的而用於製造各種劑形(用時稀釋劑等)之消毒劑。此外，即使由本發明之水溶液調製較高濃度之消毒劑，亦無所得消毒劑中析出奧蘭希啶之虞。水溶液中之奧蘭希啶濃度宜為約0.1~20%(W/V)。如前述般，本發明之水溶液係使水難溶性之奧蘭希啶可溶化，藉此具有明顯之優點，即，首次可安定地應用在如液劑及軟膏等各種劑形之藥劑。
奧蘭希啶係指下述式(1)所示之化學名為1-(3,4-二氯芐基)-5-辛基雙胍之化合物。
為使奧蘭希啶以約0.1%(W/V)以上之濃度溶解於水中，較佳之手段可列舉如：使至少等莫耳之葡糖酸(相對於奧蘭希啶1莫耳，葡糖酸宜為1莫耳~微過剩莫耳)共存。於含有奧蘭希啶與至少等莫耳之葡糖酸之水溶液中，奧蘭希啶與葡糖酸可形成鹽，亦可各自以遊離體型態存在，亦可使奧蘭希啶之葡糖酸鹽、遊離奧蘭希啶與遊離葡糖酸共存。
含有奧蘭希啶與葡糖酸之前述水溶液中，特別以實質上未含葡糖酸以外之酸與該酸(葡糖酸以外之酸)之鹽為宜。更具體言之，水溶液中之葡糖酸以外之酸以及該酸(葡糖酸以外之酸)之鹽的濃度宜於約0.05%(W/V)以下。
於此，「葡糖酸以外之酸」係指除葡糖酸外，於水溶液中將產生氫離子之物質。葡糖酸以外之酸之鹽則可列舉如：鹼金屬鹽(如鈉鹽及鉀鹽等)、鹼土類金屬鹽(如鈣鹽及鎂鹽等)以及鋁鹽及銨鹽等與無機鹼間之鹽；三甲基胺、三乙基胺、PYRIDINE、皮考林(picoline)、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、二環己基胺或N,N’-二芐基乙撐二胺等與有機鹼間之鹽等之鹼附加鹽等。
含有奧蘭希啶與葡糖酸且實質上未含有葡糖酸以外之酸及該酸之鹽的水溶液之較佳製備方法係陳述如下。
奧蘭希啶通常係以鹽酸鹽等之酸附加鹽結晶之型態而獲得。於此，首先使奧蘭希啶鹽酸鹽等之酸附加鹽懸濁於水中，再將氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鉀等鹼直接或以水溶液形態添加至前述懸濁液，使遊離之奧蘭希啶析出。鹼之添加量僅須為可使遊離之奧蘭希啶析出之程度，即呈中性至鹼性之程度即可。舉例言之，僅須相對於用以形成奧蘭希啶之酸附加鹽之酸為1當量以上即可。
鹼添加後，使混合物以約0℃~室溫(宜為約20~30℃，更宜為25℃左右之溫度)攪拌1~5小時程度。此外，本發明中，鹼可為前述無機鹼或有機鹼。
接著，濾取藉上述處理析出之遊離奧蘭希啶之固態物，將該固態物水洗以除去形成奧蘭希啶酸附加鹽之酸以及該酸與鹼產生之鹽。將該固態物水洗後，宜再次反覆操作1至數次再懸濁於水等溶劑中、再濾過及再水洗。若有需要，更可使該固態物溶解於醇等後，加入水而使遊離奧蘭希啶之結晶析出，藉此可製得高純度之遊離奧蘭希啶。若實質上殘存有形成奧蘭希啶酸附加鹽之酸及該酸與鹼之鹽，則於本發明之水溶液中奧蘭希啶有可能回復到原來之難溶性鹽。
具體言之，本發明水溶液中之形成奧蘭希啶酸附加鹽之酸及該酸與鹼之鹽的殘存量宜於約0.05%(W/V)以下。舉例言之，以氫氧化鈉水溶液使奧蘭希啶鹽酸鹽進行中和或鹼化時，宜令殘存氯化鈉於本發明水溶液中佔約0.05%(W/V)以下。
接著，若將前述獲得之固態物加入葡糖酸水溶液中或將葡糖酸水溶液添加至該固態物再進行攪拌，即可獲得本發明之水溶液。此種操作可於室溫下進行，但亦可依需要而加熱。只要相對於欲添加之遊離奧蘭希啶1莫耳係含有至少等莫耳以上(具體言之，為1~1.1莫耳程度)之葡糖酸，則所用葡糖酸水溶液之濃度可適當決定之。
本程序中使用之葡糖酸水溶液，可使葡糖酸自身溶解於水而調製之，或亦可使用一於如葡糖酸內酯般之水溶液中可轉變為葡糖酸之葡糖酸前驅體而製備出。此外，如前述般，若含有葡糖酸以外之酸及該酸(葡糖酸以外之酸)之鹽，則奧蘭希啶有於本發明之水溶液中形成難溶性的酸附加鹽之虞。因此，製備葡糖酸水溶液時，宜預先去除係由葡糖酸以外之酸產生且有可能形成鹽之虞的陰離子(如氯化物離子、溴化物離子等)或該陰離子與水溶液中之陽離子(如鈉離子、鉀離子等)結合而形成之鹽，以使葡糖酸實質上不殘存於水溶液中。除去之程度如上述般，宜使葡糖酸以外之酸及其鹽僅以0.05%(W/V)以下程度之濃度殘存於本發明之水溶液中。
如前述般，可製得含有奧蘭希啶與葡糖酸，且實質上未含有葡糖酸以外之酸及該酸之鹽的水溶液。所得水溶液即使其奧蘭希啶之濃度以遊離體換算為20%(W/V)程度，於室溫下亦可長時間保持澄清狀態。
前述本發明之奧蘭希啶水溶液含有約0.1%(W/V)以上之奧蘭希啶而顯示出有效之消毒或殺菌作用，因此作為消毒劑甚為有用。舉例言之，前述之本發明奧蘭希啶水溶液可直接作消毒劑使用。
此外，亦可以純水將其稀釋而令其為水性製劑，舉例言之，亦可藉乙醇或異丙醇等醇類、變性醇並依需要以純水稀釋之而製為醇製劑。
另，亦可藉增黏劑等賦予黏性而令為黏性消毒劑。或配合消毒用乙醇等，而製為速乾性消毒劑，可期待其具有乙醇帶來之即效性殺菌效果與奧蘭希啶帶來之持續效果。
本發明之奧蘭希啶水溶液不僅可製為前述液劑，更可應用於其他適當劑形之消毒劑。液劑以外之劑形可例示如軟膏劑、乳霜劑、凝膠製劑、發泡製劑、氣溶膠製劑、擦洗(scrub)製劑等。可利用一般使用之適當載體而實現該等劑形。
本發明之消毒劑中之奧蘭希啶濃度宜以遊離體換算令為約0.001~20%(W/V)。
本發明之消毒劑於藉醇及變性醇稀釋而製為醇製劑時，因亦可期待醇(如乙醇、異丙醇等)之殺菌效果，亦可降低奧蘭希啶之濃度。令本發明之消毒劑為醇製劑時，奧蘭希啶之濃度於消毒劑中宜約0.001~6%(W/V)。此外，此時之醇濃度宜為與消毒用乙醇相同程度之濃度，即於消毒劑中約佔70~85%(V/V)。
本發明之消毒劑中更可依需要而添加聚伸烷基二醇。若於本發明之消毒劑中添加聚伸烷基二醇，則可獲得不致使殺菌活性降低且更減少皮膚刺激性之驚人效果。
作為聚伸烷基二醇之聚體例，可列舉如聚氧伸乙基聚氧伸丙基二醇或聚乙二醇。其等之種類(分子量、氧化乙烯之聚合度或氧化丙烯之聚合度等)可依消毒劑之劑形或用途等而由汎用者中適當選出。
舉例言之，較佳之聚氧伸乙烯聚氧伸丙基二醇可列舉如氧化乙烯(EO)之聚合度為10~300程度(特別是15~200程度)且氧化丙烯(PO)之聚合度為10~100程度(特別是15~70程度)者。此外，較佳之聚乙二醇可列舉分子量為200~10000程度者。
更佳者為聚氧伸乙基聚氧伸丙基二醇(EO之聚合度為15~200程度、PO之聚合度為15~70程度)。
聚伸烷基二醇之添加量可依劑形、奧蘭希啶濃度或用途等而適當加以決定，但一般而言，於消毒劑中約0.01~50%(W/V)程度，且宜為約0.5~20%(W/V)程度。
於不妨礙奧蘭希啶對水之溶解度的前提下，更可依需要而於本發明之消毒劑中添加一般於液劑及軟膏劑等各種劑形中各自使用之添加劑。舉例言之，可適當添加防腐劑、保濕劑、增黏劑、聚伸烷基二醇以外之非離子性界面活性劑、陽離子性界面活性劑、抗氧化劑、香料、著色劑等或其他殺菌消毒劑或者其他藥劑等。然而，可能使奧蘭希啶形成難溶性之酸加成鹽者，如葡糖酸以外之其他酸或該酸之鹽，特別是檸檬酸、磷酸或該等之鹽等則宜斟酌其添加。
前述防腐劑可列舉如對氧安息香酸甲酯、對氧安息香酸乙酯及對氧安息香酸丙酯等對氧安息香酸酯以及葡萄糖酸雙胍氯酚已烷(chlorhexidine gluconate)等。
前述保濕劑可列舉如丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、聚乙二醇及甘油等多元醇；羧甲基纖維素及羧丙基纖維素等合成高分子化合物；果膠、殼聚糖、甲殼質及呫噸膠(xanthane gum)等天然高分子化合物；山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇及木糖醇等多糖類；三異辛酸甘油、棕櫚酸異丙酯、肉荳蔻酸異丙酯及橄欖油等脂肪酸酯等。
前述增黏劑可列舉如羧基乙烯基聚合物或纖維素系水溶性高分子化合物以及聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(polyvinylpyrrolidone)及聚乙烯醇等水溶性高分子。羧基乙烯基聚合物為一聚合有丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸等羧酸類之高分子化合物，通常係使用100萬~300萬程度之分子量者。纖維素系水溶性高分子化合物之例可列舉如甲基纖維素、乙基纖維素、羥乙基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素或羥丙基甲基纖維素等。
前述聚伸烷基二醇以外之非離子性界面活性劑可列舉如月桂酸二乙醇醯胺、椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇醯胺、椰子油脂肪酸單乙醇醯胺、月桂酸單異丙醇醯胺、油酸單異丙醇醯胺、棕櫚核油脂肪酸二乙醇醯胺、聚氧乙烯椰子油脂肪酸單乙醇醯胺酸等。
前述陽離子性界面活性劑可列舉如氧化月桂基二甲基胺及氧化烷基二甲基胺等。
可與本發明之消毒劑配合之其他殺菌消毒劑可例舉如界面活性劑系殺菌消毒劑或苯酚系殺菌消毒劑等。
可配合本發明之消毒劑之其他藥劑可列舉如局部麻醉劑、血管收縮劑、副腎皮質激素劑、抗組織胺(histamine)劑、收斂劑、止癢劑、鎮痛消炎劑、抗白癬菌劑、磺胺劑、角質溶解劑及維生素劑等。
本發明之消毒劑對各種微生物具有廣泛之抗菌譜。舉例言之，對以下菌屬具有效之殺菌及消毒作用，即：葡萄球菌屬、鏈球菌屬、腸球菌屬(Enterococcus)、李司忒氏菌屬(Listeria)及初油酸菌屬(Propionibacterium)等革蘭氏陽性菌、大腸菌屬、赤痢菌屬、沙門桿菌屬(Salmonella)、枸櫞桿菌屬(Citrobacter),、克雷氏桿菌屬(Klebsiella)、腸桿菌屬(Enterobacter)、沙雷氏菌屬(Serratia)、變形桿菌屬(Proteus)、莫根氏桿菌屬(Morganella)、耶爾森氏菌屬(Yersinia)、弧菌屬(Vibrio)、假單細胞菌屬(Pseudomonas)、擬似菌屬(Acinetobacter)、奈瑟氏雙球菌屬(Neisseria)、嗜血桿菌(Haemophilus)屬及擬桿菌屬(Bacteroides)等革蘭氏陰性菌。
此外，亦具有對具外殼(envelope)之流行性感冒病毒、人類免疫不全病毒、單純疱疹病毒及水疱性口內炎病毒等病毒之抗病毒作用，以及對假絲酵母屬(Candida)、新型隱球菌(Cryptococcus Neoformens)及酵母菌(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)等酵母型真菌之抗真菌作用。
本發明之消毒劑係指被廣泛用以使上述各種微生物等死滅、減少或受抑制等之試劑。
可使有效量之本發明消毒劑接觸具微生物之對象物，藉此發揮殺菌或消毒效果。具體言之，接觸方法可列舉如浸漬法、噴霧法或清潔拭去法等。不消說，對象物除人類或動物之皮膚及手指外，亦可列舉如醫療器具、洗手間、浴室、家具及物品等。
因此，本發明之消毒劑可適於以下用途，即，皮膚手指消毒用途、手術部位皮膚消毒用途、皮膚創傷部位消毒用途、醫療器具消毒用途以及手術室、病房、家具、器具及物品等之消毒用途。
此外，本發明之水溶液或消毒劑亦可浸漬於基布後再使用。基布可列舉如脫脂綿、紗布、紙、不織布、毛巾及布等。該等基布雖分為水解性者及非水解性者，但任一者均可使用。
本發明之水溶液具有廣泛之抗菌譜，於短時間內即出現殺菌效果，且其活性可長時間持續。此外，本發明之水溶液即使奧蘭希啶濃度高其安定性仍高，可長時間保存。再加上刺激性及毒性甚低，即使就安全性之面觀之亦甚為優異。另，並無顏色及味道方面之問題，而易於製劑化。
另，本發明之水溶液亦有不表現腐蝕性之特長，可廣泛用於金屬製醫療器具等之消毒上。
茲就本發明中較佳之實施例、製劑例及試驗例敘述於下，但本發明並不限於以下各實施例等。
另，於實施例等中，若無另行告知，「%」係指「%(W/V)」。
各樣本中之遊離奧蘭希啶之濃度係藉使用如下條件之高速液體柱色譜法進行測定而決定者。
‧柱：充填有東索(株)製TSK gel Octyl-80Ts之內徑4.6mm、長15cm之不繡鋼管
‧溫度：40℃
‧溶劑：乙腈(acetonitrile)與含有10mM月桂基硫酸鈉之0.05v/v%磷酸水溶液的混合液(體積比13：7)
‧檢測方法：以紫外吸光光度計測定吸光度(237nm)。
於1N之氫氧化鈉水溶液250mL中添加奧蘭希啶鹽酸鹽1/2水合物20.9g(50mmol)，於室溫(25℃)下懸濁攪拌1.5小時。濾取固態物再水洗。更使所得之固態物懸濁於純水250mL，以室溫攪拌5分鐘後，再進行濾取及水洗。反覆進行此一操作2次，而除去產生之氯化鈉。使所得固態物(遊離奧蘭希啶)放入溶有葡糖酸內酯8.9g(50mmol)之純水，並於室溫下攪拌至溶解為止後，加入純水而令全體為300mL。以高速液體柱色譜儀測定所得水溶液中之奧蘭希啶濃度，結果，以遊離體換算計，為6%。
該水溶液即使於室溫下放置數個月，仍呈現無色清澄狀態。
於1N之氫氧化鈉水溶液750mL中添加奧蘭希啶鹽酸鹽1/2水合物62.7g(150mmol)，於室溫(25℃)下懸濁攪拌1.5小時。濾取固態物再水洗。更使所得之固態物懸濁於純水750mL，以室溫攪拌5分鐘後，再進行濾取及水洗。反覆進行此一操作2次，而除去產生之氯化鈉。使所得固態物(遊離奧蘭希啶)放入溶有葡糖酸內酯26.7g(150mmol)之純水，並於室溫下攪拌至溶解為止後，加入純水而令全體為300mL。以高速液體柱色譜儀測定所得水溶液中之奧蘭希啶濃度，結果，以遊離體換算計，為18%。
該水溶液即使於室溫下放置數個月，仍呈現無色清澄狀態。
於1N之氫氧化鈉水溶液830mL中添加奧蘭希啶鹽酸鹽1/2水合物69.8g(167mmol)，於室溫(25℃)下懸濁攪拌1.5小時。濾取固態物再水洗。更使所得之固態物懸濁於純水830mL，以室溫攪拌5分鐘後，再進行濾取及水洗。反覆進行此一操作2次，而除去產生之氯化鈉。使所得固態物(遊離奧蘭希啶)放入溶有葡糖酸內酯29.7g(167mmol)之純水，並於室溫下攪拌至溶解為止後，加入純水而令全體為300mL。以高速液體柱色譜儀測定所得水溶液中之奧蘭希啶濃度，結果，以遊離體換算計，為20%。
該水溶液即使於室溫下放置數個月，仍呈現無色清澄狀態。
於20mL之實施例1所得水溶液1中添加純水稀釋，令全體為240mL。再填充至聚乙烯製瓶後，進行高壓蒸氣滅菌，而製得含有0.5%奧蘭希啶之消毒劑。
於60mL之實施例1所得水溶液1中添加無水乙醇(純度99.5%，以下均相同)使其混合均勻後，添加無水乙醇而令全體為240mL。再填充至聚乙烯製瓶，以進行高壓蒸氣滅菌，而製得含有1.5%奧蘭希啶之消毒劑。
於10mL之實施例1所得水溶液1中添加無水乙醇160mL及羥丙基纖維素2g後混合均勻，加入純水使全體為200mL。再填充至聚乙烯製瓶，而製得含0.3%奧蘭希啶之黏性消毒劑。
於20mL之實施例1所得水溶液1中添加聚氧伸乙基聚氧伸丙基二醇(氧化乙烯(EO)之聚合度160；酸化丙烯(PO)之聚合度30)4.8g，再加入純水使其溶解，令全體為240mL。填充至聚乙烯製瓶後，進行高壓蒸氣滅菌而製得含有0.5%奧蘭希啶之消毒劑。
於20mL之實施例1所得水溶液1中添加聚氧伸乙基聚氧伸丙基二醇(EO之聚合度196；PO之聚合度67)2.4g，並添加純水使其溶解，令全體為240mL。填充至聚乙烯製瓶後，進行高壓蒸氣滅菌而製得含有0.5%奧蘭希啶之消毒劑。
於20mL之實施例1所得水溶液1中添加19.2g之聚乙二醇4000，並添加純水使其溶解，令全體為240mL。填充至聚乙烯製瓶後，進行高壓蒸氣滅菌而製得含有0.5%奧蘭希啶之消毒劑。
於60mL之實施例1所得水溶液1中添加聚氧伸乙基聚氧伸丙基二醇(EO之聚合度160；PO聚合度30)4.8g，並加入無水乙醇後混合均勻，令全體為240mL。無菌填充至聚乙烯製瓶後，製得含有1.5%奧蘭希啶之消毒劑。
於10mL之實施例1所得水溶液1中添加無水乙醇160mL、羥丙基纖維素2g及聚氧伸乙基聚氧伸丙基二醇(EO之聚合度160；PO之聚合度30)4.0g後混合均勻，加入純水令全體為200mL。再無菌填充至聚乙烯製瓶後，製得含有0.3%奧蘭希啶之黏性消毒劑。
於100mL之實施例2所得水溶液2中添加聚氧伸乙基聚氧伸丙基二醇(EO之聚合度160；PO之聚合度30)9.0g，再加入純水使其溶解，令全體為180mL。填充至聚乙烯製瓶後，進行高壓蒸氣滅菌而製得含有10%奧蘭希啶之消毒劑。
於20mL之實施例1所得水溶液1中添加聚氧伸乙基聚氧伸丙基二醇(EO之聚合度20；PO之聚合度20)1.2g，加入純水使其溶解，令全體為240mL。填充至聚乙烯製瓶後，進行高壓蒸氣滅菌而製得含有0.5%奧蘭希啶之消毒劑。
於10mL之實施例1所得水溶液1中添加無水乙醇240mL、甘油15.0g、三異辛酸甘油15.0g及聚氧伸乙基伸丙基二醇(EO之聚合度20；PO之聚合度20)0.6g後混合均勻，並加入純水令全體為300mL。無菌填充至聚乙烯製瓶後，製得含有0.2%奧蘭希啶之速乾性擦抹式手指消毒劑。
於20mL之實施例2所得水溶液2中添加聚乙烯醇(部分皂化物)6.3g、月桂酸二乙醇醯胺1.8g及聚氧伸乙基聚伸丙基二醇(EO之聚合度20；PO之聚合度20)3.6g並混合均勻，加入葡糖酸將Ph調整為4~7後，加入純水令全體為180mL。充填至聚乙烯製瓶後，進行高壓蒸氣滅菌，而製得擦洗劑形態之含有2%奧蘭希啶之消毒劑。
於160mL之實施例3所得水溶液3中添加聚氧伸乙基聚氧伸丙基二醇(EO之聚合度20；PO之聚合度20)40g，充填至聚乙烯製瓶後，進行高壓蒸氣滅菌，而製得用時稀釋用之含有16%奧蘭希啶之消毒劑。
於5mL之實施例2所得水溶液2中添加聚氧乙烯聚氧丙二醇(EO之聚合度20；PO之聚合度20)0.9g後混合均勻，再加入純水使全體為90L。無菌充填至聚乙烯製瓶後，製得含有0.001%奧蘭希啶之消毒劑。
將兔子之背部被毛進行剪毛，並選擇不具島狀膚(island skin)或未有傷口之兔子。將各試驗製劑進行開放塗布，1天1次共四天。第二次以後之試驗製劑之塗布係先以含水之切綿擦拭塗布部位後再進行。依下述之Draize之判定基準進行評估，針對紅斑及浮腫1天1次進行判定，再以合計點數作為評估點數。
茲將結果作成平均值(n=6)而顯示於表2。
由結果可明確得知，本發明之消毒劑於皮膚刺激性上並無問題，特別是添加有聚氧伸乙基聚氧伸丙基二醇之製劑例4、5、10及14之消毒劑係於皮膚刺激性上甚為優異。
此外，前述製劑例1~14之消毒劑則無關於有無添加聚伸烷基二醇，而顯示出依奧蘭希啶之濃度不同而表現出之殺菌作用。
於奧蘭希啶鹽酸鹽(40g)之水(360mL)懸濁液中添加4N之氫氧化鈉水溶液(120mL)，以25℃攪拌90分鐘。吸引並過濾結晶後，以水(500mL)洗淨而再次懸濁於水(500mL)中。以室溫(約25℃)攪拌5分鐘後，進行吸引過濾，以水(500Ml)將其洗淨。反覆進行該操作(洗淨)2次。使所得結晶(濕重量：127g)溶解於甲醇(200mL)後，加入水(60mL)。將乳濁之混合物置於室溫下放置12小時，再吸引過濾業已析出之結晶。使結晶於室溫下減壓乾燥，而製得奧蘭希啶遊離體(32g)。
製備3%奧蘭希啶葡糖酸鹽之重水溶液
使參考例1所得奧蘭希啶遊離體(40mg)懸濁於重水(1mL)中，並將葡糖酸內酯(19.2mg)之重水(1mL)溶液滴定至該懸濁液中，於室溫下攪拌24小時，而製出奧蘭希啶葡糖酸鹽之重水溶液。
1H-NMR(D2O)δ:0.75(3H,t,J=7.1Hz),0.8-1.2(12H,m),2.6-2.8(2H,m)，3.4-3.7(4H,m),3.9-4.0(2H.m),4.07(2H，brs),6.90(1H,d,J=7.9Hz),7.09(1H,d,J=7.9Hz),7.13(1H,s)
本發明之水溶液具有廣泛之抗菌譜，且殺菌效果於短時間內顯現，其活性更可長時間持續，因此作為醫療用消毒劑甚為有用。
Claims (13)
- 一種水溶液，其特徵在於含有奧蘭希啶與至少等莫耳數之葡糖酸，且實質上未含有葡糖酸以外之酸及該葡糖酸以外之酸的鹽。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之水溶液，其中奧蘭希啶之濃度為0.1~20%(W/V)。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之水溶液，其中奧蘭希啶之濃度為10~20%(W/V)。
- 一種消毒劑，含有如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之水溶液。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之消毒劑，其係一水性製劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項之消毒劑，其中奧蘭希啶之濃度為0.001~20%(W/V)。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項之消毒劑，其係一醇製劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之消毒劑，其中奧蘭希啶之濃度為0.001~6%(W/V)。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第4至8項中任一項之消毒劑之用途，其係用以消毒或殺菌者。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之水溶液的調製方法，其特徵在於：於鹼性水溶液中使奧蘭希啶酸加成鹽之水懸濁液中和或鹼化，將析出之固體物洗淨後，使業已洗淨之固體物溶解於葡糖酸水溶液。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項之調製方法，其中鹼性水溶液中之中和或鹼化係於20~30℃之溫度下進行者。
- 一種奧蘭希啶之葡糖酸鹽，實質上未含有葡糖酸以外之酸及該葡糖酸以 外之酸的鹽。
- 一種奧蘭希啶之葡糖酸鹽，其所具有之1 NMR圖譜含有以下具特徵性之尖峰：1 H-NMR(D2 O)δ 0.75ppm(3H,t,J=7.1 Hz),0.8-1.2ppm(12H,m),2.6-2.8ppm(2H,m),3.4-3.7ppm(4H,m),3.9-4.0ppm(2H,m),4.07ppm(2H,br s),6.90ppm(1H,d,J=7.9 Hz),7.09ppm(1H,d,J=7.9 Hz)及7.13ppm(1H,s)。
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