TWI305788B - Polyvinyl-alcohol-stabilized redispersible powders with plasticizing properties - Google Patents
Polyvinyl-alcohol-stabilized redispersible powders with plasticizing properties Download PDFInfo
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- TWI305788B TWI305788B TW093109550A TW93109550A TWI305788B TW I305788 B TWI305788 B TW I305788B TW 093109550 A TW093109550 A TW 093109550A TW 93109550 A TW93109550 A TW 93109550A TW I305788 B TWI305788 B TW I305788B
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- acid
- copolymer
- vinyl
- polyvinyl alcohol
- Prior art date
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- -1 vinyl halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid group Chemical group S(O)(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 24
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- DAWJJMYZJQJLPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-sulfanylprop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(S)=C DAWJJMYZJQJLPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N itaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XEEYSDHEOQHCDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)CS(O)(=O)=O XEEYSDHEOQHCDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BGKZULDOBMANRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl prop-2-enoate Chemical class SOC(=O)C=C BGKZULDOBMANRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- RWHRFHQRVDUPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 50867-57-7 Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O.CC(=C)C(O)=O RWHRFHQRVDUPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005157 alkyl carboxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical group OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NEYTXADIGVEHQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)NC(=O)C=C NEYTXADIGVEHQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HETCEOQFVDFGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropenyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=C)OC(C)=O HETCEOQFVDFGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylolacrylamide Chemical compound OCNC(=O)C=C CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000003857 carboxamides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)NCO DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UVHXEHGUEKARKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylanthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C=C)=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 UVHXEHGUEKARKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000536 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFIOPCXETLAGLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C UFIOPCXETLAGLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWRKYBXTKSGXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1-(2-methylpropoxyperoxy)propane Chemical compound CC(C)COOOCC(C)C GWRKYBXTKSGXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZMJQFZZUNSSNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid prop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound NCC=C.CC(C)CS(O)(=O)=O VZMJQFZZUNSSNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBDVFOBWBHMJDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCCS OBDVFOBWBHMJDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REPITMXRRRPKED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyltrioxane Chemical compound C(=C)C1OOOCC1 REPITMXRRRPKED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001120493 Arene Species 0.000 description 1
- NBOOYPATILPSNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=CC.C(=CC)OCC Chemical group C=CC.C(=CC)OCC NBOOYPATILPSNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZDQWESQEGGJUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl adipate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC(C)C ZDQWESQEGGJUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRQNANDWMGAFTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacetoacetic acid Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(C)=O WRQNANDWMGAFTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TYDYRLMLFMBBHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(10-hydroxydecyl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)NCCCCCCCCCCO TYDYRLMLFMBBHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQQYKWNGQQAKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCN(CCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCC Chemical compound OCN(CCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCC NQQYKWNGQQAKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical group CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQYMRQZTDOLQHC-ZQTLJVIJSA-N [(1R,4S)-2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1C[C@H]2C(OC(=O)C=C)C[C@@H]1C2 IQYMRQZTDOLQHC-ZQTLJVIJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- JZQAAQZDDMEFGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(ethenyl) hexanedioate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC=C JZQAAQZDDMEFGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC=C ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- BTMVHUNTONAYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl propionate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC BTMVHUNTONAYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N caproic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCCCC(=O)OCC SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- GTBGXKPAKVYEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GTBGXKPAKVYEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- FWLDHHJLVGRRHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C FWLDHHJLVGRRHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001142 dicarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- FNMTVMWFISHPEV-AATRIKPKSA-N dipropan-2-yl (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)C FNMTVMWFISHPEV-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- YCUBDDIKWLELPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=O)OC=C YCUBDDIKWLELPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGBZOHMCHDADGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OC=C IGBZOHMCHDADGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC=C MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005670 ethenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HHFAWKCIHAUFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxide Chemical compound CC[O-] HHFAWKCIHAUFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid Substances OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011990 functional testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JMSTYCQEPRPFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-methoxy-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)acetate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(OC)NC(=O)C=C JMSTYCQEPRPFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N methyl cellulose Chemical compound COC1C(OC)C(OC)C(COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1C(OC)C(OC)C(OC)OC1COC YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-methyl-4-oxopentan-2-yl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
- C08J3/122—Pulverisation by spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
- C04B24/161—Macromolecular compounds comprising sulfonate or sulfate groups
- C04B24/163—Macromolecular compounds comprising sulfonate or sulfate groups obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2623—Polyvinylalcohols; Polyvinylacetates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2641—Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2676—Polystyrenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2688—Copolymers containing at least three different monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0057—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics added as redispersable powders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/60—Flooring materials
- C04B2111/62—Self-levelling compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
Description
1305788 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種經聚乙烯醇安定化及具有塑化性之可再分散 粉末、其製造方法及其於建築工業用化學品中之用途。 【先前技術】 經保護膠體安定化及在水中可再分散之聚合物粉末(可再分散 粉末)係用作建築化合物(例如:以水泥或石膏為主要成分者) 之添加劑,以改良強度及耐磨性(磨耗阻力)或改良建築黏著劑 之抗拉黏著強度。所用保護膠體通常係聚乙稀醇,因為與用低分 子質量乳化劑安定化之聚合物相較,該膠體本身有助於改良強度。 為防止形成黏聚體,可在烘乾過程中添加烘乾助劑(喷灑助 劑),藉烘乾對應之經保護膠體安定化聚合物分散液,以製得此類 可再分散粉末。在歐洲專利EP-A 467103中,係使用具有羧基官 能共單體單元之水溶性共聚物作為烘乾助劑。在德國專利DE-A 19707746中曾述及使用乙烯型不飽合羧酸與其羥烷基酯之共聚物 作為烘乾助劑。歐洲專利EP-A 629650中曾揭示使用含有丙烯醯 胺甲基丙烧石黃酸(acrylamidomethylpropane-sulfonicacid)單元之 共聚物作為烘乾助劑。歐洲專利EP-A 671435中曾建議:在有含 有親水性 '水溶性、及形成鹽形成(salt-forming)單元之共聚物 存在之情況下實施喷乾。 在許多案例中,用可再分散粉末對建築化合物(例如:灰泥或 混凝土)加以修改會對該等複合物之流動(體)性有所限制。但 1305788 在流體灰泥(例如:自動找平填料或灰泥層)之情況中,加工過 程中僅些微變化之液體稠度係必要的。因此,在該等應用場合, 則採用習知稱作水泥增塑劑之添加劑。舉例言之,歐洲專利Ep_A 549280中曾述及若干增塑劑,該等增塑劑係以含有四種不同共單 體單元之接枝共聚物為主要成分:(曱基)丙烯酸單元、(甲基)丙烯 酸羥基烷基酯單元、(甲基)丙烯醯胺基-2-曱基丙烷磺酸,及含有 %氧乙烷(ΕΟ)基之(甲基)丙烯酸酯w „ π、1 r苜 述及若干水溶性共聚物,該等共聚物含有乙烯型不飽和單羧酸之 羥基烷基酯及乙烯型不飽和單羧酸或二羧酸單元。歐洲專利Ep_A 407卿巾f述及轩可再分散粉末,為改良其祕水硬性(凝)結 "J時冰動)·生該等可再分散粉末包括盼績酸-甲酸縮合產物。 歐洲專利EP-A 812872中曾述及若 a ^ 干製備聚合粉末之方法,其中 係添加八有塑化效果之助劑作為乾燥助劑。 【發明内容】 良建築化合物之醇安定化之可再分散粉末,以改 【實施方式】 本發明提供—種經聚乙婦醇 末,該等可再分散粉末係在—由下及具有塑化性之可再分散粉 下,烘乾經聚乙_安定化之由^所㊉成之共聚物存在的情況 共聚物形叙水性分散液而製得合物(h_«或 a)或多種選自以下族群之單體‘ 不飽和單_、具有4至 /、有4至8個碳原子之乙稀型 &原子之乙烯型不飽和二羧酸及其 1305788 酸酐,以及前述酸及酸酐之鹽類; b) —或多種含有磺酸基、硫酸基及磷酸基之乙烯型不飽和化合 物及其鹽類;以及 c) 一或多種選自以下族群之單體:具有1至18個碳原子之分枝 型或非分枝型烷基羧酸之乙烯基酯及具有1至15個碳原子之分枝 型或非分枝型醇類之丙烯酸酯及甲基丙烯酸酯, 該等同元聚合物或共聚物係由一或多種選自以下族群之單體所 形成:具有1至18個碳原子之分枝型及非分枝型烷基羧酸之乙烯 基酯類、具有1至15個碳原子之分枝型及非分枝型醇類之丙烯酸 酯及曱基丙烯酸酯類、二烯類、烯類、乙烯基芳烴及鹵乙烯類。 適用作主要聚合物之乙烯基酯類係具有1至18個碳原子之羧酸 酯類。較佳之乙烯基酯類係乙酸乙烯基酯、丙酸乙烯基酯、丁酸 乙烯基酯、2-乙基己酸乙烯基酯、月桂酸乙烯基酯、乙酸1-甲基 乙烯基酯、三曱基乙酸乙烯基酯、及具有9至13個碳原子之α-分枝型單羧酸之乙烯基酯,例如:VeoVa9R或VeoValOR ( Shell公 司出品之商標名)。尤佳為乙酸乙烯基酯。 合適之甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯酸酯係具有1至15個碳原子之分枝 型或非分枝型醇類之酯類,例如:丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、 丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、曱基丙烯酸丙酯、 丙烯酸正-丁酯、甲基丙烯酸正-丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯及丙烯酸 冰片基S旨(norbornyl acrylate )。較佳係丙稀酸甲醋、甲基丙浠酸 甲酯、丙烯酸正-丁酯及丙烯酸2-乙基己酯。 烯類及二烯類之例子有:乙烯、丙烯及1,3-丁二烯。合適之乙 1305788 烯基芳烴類是:苯乙烯及乙烯基曱苯。適當之A乙烯係氯乙烯。 必要時亦可共聚合0.05至50重量%之輔助單體,尤以1至10 重量%更佳(以主要聚合物之總重量為基準)。輔助單體之例子有: 乙烯型不飽和單羧酸及二羧酸,較佳為丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、反 丁浠二酸及順丁稀二酸;乙烯型不飽和甲酸胺類(carboxamides ) 及甲腈類(carbonitriles ),較佳為丙豨Si胺及丙烯腈;反丁烯二酸 及順丁烯二酸之單酯及二酯,例如:二乙基酯及二異丙基酯,以 及順丁烯二酐、乙烯型不飽和磺酸及其鹽類,尤佳為乙烯基磺酸 及2-丙稀醯胺基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸。其他例子有:預交聯共單體, 例如:多乙烯型不飽和共單體,其實例為:已二酸二乙烯基酯、 順丁烯二酸二烯丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙基酯,及三聚氰酸三烯 丙基酯;或後交聯共單體,其實例是:丙烯醯胺基羥乙酸 (acrylamidoglycolic acid,AGA )、曱基丙烯酸胺基經乙酸甲@旨 (MAGME )、N-經甲基丙稀醯胺(N-methylolacrylamide,NMA )、 N-經曱基甲基丙烯醯胺(N-methylolmethacrylamide,NMMA )、 N-經甲基烯丙基胺基甲酸酯(N-methylolallylcarbamate)、例如異 丁氧基醚之烷基醚類、或N-羥曱基丙烯醯胺之酯、N-羥甲基曱基 丙烯醯胺之酯、及N-羥甲基烯丙基胺基曱酸酯之酯。另外亦適當 者是環氧基-官能共單體,例如:f基丙烯酸去水甘油基酯及丙烯 酸去水甘油基酯。其他例子有矽-官能共單體,例如:丙烯醯基氧 基丙基三(烷氧基)矽烷類及甲基丙烯醯基氧基丙基三(烷氧基)矽 烷類、乙烯基三烷氧基矽烷類,及乙烯基甲基二烷氧基矽烷類, 其中所含烷氧基類(舉例言之)可為甲氧基、乙氧基及乙氧基環氧丙 1305788 烷醚基類。另外值得一提的是含有羥基或co基之單體,其例子 有:丙烯酸羥基烷基酯及甲基丙烯酸羥基烷基酯,例如:丙烯酸 或甲基丙烯酸之羥基烷基酯,例如:丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸之羥基 乙酯、羥基丙酯、羥基丁酯,以及其他化合物,例如:二丙酮丙 烯醯胺及丙烯酸乙醯基乙醯氧基乙酯或甲基丙烯酸乙醯基乙醯氧 基乙I旨。 合適同元聚合物及共聚物之例子有:乙酸乙烯基酯同元聚合 物、乙酸乙烯基酯與乙烯之共聚物、乙酸乙烯基酯與乙烯及一或 多種其他乙烯基酯之共聚物、乙酸乙烯基酯與乙烯及丙烯酸酯及/ 或甲基丙烯酸酯之共聚物、乙酸乙烯基酯與乙烯及氯乙烯之共聚 物、苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、及苯乙烯-1,3-丁二烯共聚物,該等 聚合物亦可能包含前述辅助單體。 較佳係乙酸乙烯基酯同元聚合物; 乙酸乙烯基酯與1至40重量%之乙烯之共聚物; 乙酸乙烯基酯與1至40重量%之乙烯及1至50重量%之一或多種 其他共單體(選自以下族群:在羧酸基具有1至12個碳原子之乙 烯基酯類,例如:丙酸乙烯基酯、月桂酸乙烯基酯、具有9至13 個碳原子之α -分枝型缓酸之乙稀基酯類,例如:VeoVa9、VeoVa 10 及VeoVall )之共聚物; 乙酸乙烯酯、1至40重量%之乙烯及較佳1至60重量%之具有1 至15個碳原子之分枝型或非分枝型醇類之丙烯酸酯類及/或曱基 丙烯酸酯類,特別是丙烷酸正-丁酯及/或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯及/或 曱基丙烯酸曱酯之共聚物;及 1305788 含有30至75重量°/。乙酸乙烯基酯、1至30重量%之月桂酸乙烯基 酯或具有9至11個碳原子α-分枝型羧酸之乙烯基酯類以及1至 30重量%之具有1至15個碳原子之分枝型或非分枝型醇類之丙烯 酸酯類,特別是丙烯酸正-丁酯或丙烯酸2-乙基已酯,更含有1至 40重量%乙烯之共聚物; 含有乙酸乙烯基酯、1至40重量%之乙烯及1至60重量%之氣乙 烯之共聚物;該等聚合物中亦可包含所述數量之前述輔助單體, 其中重量%數字之和均係100重量%。 其他較佳者係:丙稀酸正-丁酯或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯之共聚物或 甲基丙烯酸甲酯與丙烯酸正-丁酯及/或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯之共聚 物; 具有一或多種選自以下族群之單體之苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物:丙 烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正-丁酯,及丙烯酸 2-乙基己酯; 具有一或多種選自以下族群之單體之乙酸乙烯基酯-丙烯酸酯共 聚物:丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正-丁酯、 丙烯酸2-乙基己酯及視需要的乙烯; 苯乙烯-1,3-丁二烯共聚物; 該等聚合物中亦可能另外包含所述數量之前述輔助單體,其中重 量%數字之和均係1 〇〇重量%。 選擇單體或共單體的重量比通常使得所形成之玻璃轉移溫度Tg 為-50°c至+5(TC,尤以-30°c至+40°c更佳。該等聚合物之玻璃轉移 溫度Tg可用習知方法藉助於微差掃描量熱測定法(DSC)測定之。 1305788 該Tg亦可利用福克斯方程式預先加以概略計算。依照福克斯,美 國物理學會通報1,3,第123頁(1956年),其方程式為: l/Tg=xl/Tgl+x2/Tg2+. . .xn/Tgn,其中 xn 代表單體 η 之質量份 數(重量%/1〇〇),Tgn係單體η同元聚合物之玻璃轉移溫度(絕 對溫度)。同元聚合物Tg之值係詳列於聚合物手冊,第二版,威 利出版公司,紐約( 1975)。 合適之聚乙烯醇類係部分或完全水解之聚乙烯醇類。其中以水 解度為80至100莫耳%之部分或完全水解聚乙烯醇為佳,特別是 φ 水解度為80至95莫耳%且4%濃度水溶液中赫普勒黏度為1至30 毫帕斯卡·秒(在20°C溫度下實施之赫普勒法,德國工業標準DIN 53015 )之部分水解聚乙烯醇。水解度為80至95莫耳%及4%濃度 水溶液中赫普勒黏度為1至30毫帕斯卡·秒之部分水解、經疏水 化修飾之聚乙烯醇類係較佳的。其例子有:乙酸乙烯基酯與疏水 性共單體(例如:乙酸異丙烯基酯、三甲基乙酸乙烯基酯、乙基 己酸乙烯基酯、具有5或9至11個碳原子之飽和α-分枝型單羧酸 之乙烯基酯類、順丁烯二酸二烷基酯及反丁烯二酸二烷基酯(例 ® 如:順丁烯二酸二異丙酯及反丁烯二酸二異丙酯)、氯乙烯、乙烯 基烷基醚類(例如:乙烯基丁基醚)、及烯類(例如:乙烯及癸烯) 之部分水解共聚物。疏水性單元所佔比例以0.1至10重量%為佳 (以部分水解聚乙烯醇之總重量為基準)。亦可使用該等聚乙烯醇 類之混合物。
尤佳者係水解度為85至94莫耳%、4%濃度水溶液内赫普勒黏 度為3至15毫帕斯卡.秒(在20°C溫度下實施之赫普勒法,DIN 12 1305788 53015 )之聚乙烯醇類。該等聚乙烯醇類係由精於此項技術者習知 之方法製得,且係在聚合作用進行過程中添加,總添加量為1至 20重量% (以單體之總重量為基準)。 經聚乙烯醇安定化之聚合物分散液可用精於此項技術者習知之 方法製得,其例子有:德國專利DE-A 10253046中所述之乳化聚 合作用,尤以藉助於自由基引發之乳化聚合作用更佳。 該塑化共聚物較佳係包含一或多種選自以下族群之單體作為共 單體a):丙稀酸、甲基丙烯酸、巴豆酸(crotonic acid)、亞甲基 丁二酸、反丁烯二酸、順丁烯二酸,及該等羧酸之鹽類。 較佳之共單體b)是乙烯基磺酸及其驗金屬及驗土金屬之鹽類, 苯乙烯磺酸及其鹼金屬及鹼土金屬之鹽類,甲基烯丙基磺酸及其 鹼金屬及鹼土金屬之鹽類,對甲基烯丙基氧基苯基磺酸及其鹼金 屬及鹼土金屬之鹽類,及具有化學通式CH^CW-CO-X-CW-R4-S03H之磺酸及其鹼金屬及鹼土金屬之鹽類,其中X係Ο或NH、 R1、R2及R3係相同或不同且經定義為Η及(^至C3烷基,及R4 係C,至C4伸烷基。尤佳為:乙烯基磺酸、(甲基)丙烯酸磺酸基丙 酯、2-丙烯醯胺基2-甲基丙烷磺酸,及曱基烯丙基磺酸,及其個 別驗金屬及驗土金屬之鹽類。 較佳之共單體c)係選自由乙酸乙烯基酯及丙酸乙烯基酯等乙烯 基酯類所組成之族群。較佳之甲基丙烯酸及丙烯酸之酯類係:丙 烯酸甲酯、曱基丙烯酸曱酯、丙烯酸乙酯、曱基丙烯酸乙酯、丙 烯酸丙酯、甲基丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正-丁酯、甲基丙烯酸-正-丁 醋,及丙烯酸2-乙基己醋。 1305788 共單體單元a)所佔比例以10至50重量%為佳,尤以10至30 重量%更佳,以共聚物之總重量為基準。共單體單元b)所佔比例 以10至50重量%為佳,尤以10至30重量%更佳,以共聚物之總 重量為基準。共單體單元c)所佔比例以20至80重量%為佳,尤 以30至70重量%更佳,以共聚物之總重量為基準。該共聚物之數 均分子量(number-average molecular weight) Mn 低於 50,000 道爾 頓,尤以5,000至20,000道爾頓更佳。 以可再分散粉末之聚合物組成分為基準,可再分散粉末中塑化 共聚物所佔比例係0.1至25重量%,尤以2至20重量%更佳。 為製備可再分散粉末,係藉助於例如流體化床體烘乾、凍乾或 喷乾將水性之經聚乙烯醇安定化分散液,連同塑化共聚物加以乾 燥。該等分散液以喷乾為佳,尤以繼添加其他聚乙烯醇作為喷灑 助劑更佳。喷乾作用係在傳統式喷乾設備内實施,霧化作用之實 施可藉助於單流體、雙流體或多流體喷嘴或利用一旋轉盤。視設 備、樹脂玻璃轉移溫度Tg及預期烘乾程度而定,所選出口溫度通 常為45°C至120°C,尤佳為60°C至90°C。 通常係使用適當數量之聚乙烯醇作為喷灑助劑,如此乾燥操作 前聚乙烯醇之總量為3至25重量%(以聚合物部分為基準);尤佳 為5至20重量% (以聚合物部分為基準)。較佳的適當喷灑劑係 上述作為適當及較佳保護膠體之聚乙烯醇類。 若採用喷嘴喷灑,經常發現以包含最高1.5重量%之防泡劑為佳 (以主要聚合物為基準)。為藉改良防結塊安定性以提昇其耐儲 性,尤其在低玻璃轉移溫度粉末之情況中,所得粉末可包含防結 14 1305788 塊劑,較佳為最高30重量% (以聚合物組成分之總重量為基準)。 防結塊劑之例子包含碳酸鈣或鎂、滑石、石膏、矽石、高嶺土, 粒徑較佳為10奈米至10微米之矽酸鹽。待喷灑進料之黏度係藉 助於固體含量加以適當調節為<500毫帕斯卡·秒(布魯克費爾德 黏度、20轉、23°C溫度下),尤以<250毫帕斯卡.秒更佳。供喷 灑分散液之固體含量係>35%,尤以>40%更佳。 為改良作業性能,喷灑過程中亦可添加其他添加劑。較佳實施 例所含分散粉末組成物之其他組成分之例子包含:顏料、填料、 泡沫安定劑、及疏水劑。 依此製得之水可再分散聚合物粉末組成物可應用於適於該等組 成物之場合。舉例言之,在建築工業之化學產品中,單獨或連同 水凝結合劑,例如:水泥(卜特蘭、銘酸鹽、火山灰、炫潰、鎂 氧、及磷酸鹽水泥)或石膏、生石灰及水玻璃,以製造建築黏合 劑,尤其磚瓦黏合劑及戶外絕緣黏合劑,灰泥及粉刷的頭道漿、 填充化合物、抹子施加地板化合物、勻塗化合物、薄漿、灌缝砂 漿,及油漆,尤以自動找平地板-填充化合物及可流動抹平劑。 自動找平、水凝化合物之制式配方包含: 100至500重量份數之水泥,例如:卜特蘭水泥及/或鋁氧水泥, 300至800重量份數之填料,例如:砂及/或磨細石灰石及/或矽石 粉及/或飛灰, 0至200重量份數之無水石膏、半水石膏及/或石膏, 0至50重量份數之氫氧化鈣, 0至5重量份數之除泡劑, 15 1305788 0.5至10重量份數之分散劑, 1至100重量份數之可再分散粉末, 0.5至5重量份數之緩凝劑,例如:酒石酸、擰檬酸或醣類, 0.5至5重量份數之促凝劑,例如:驗金屬之碳酸鹽類,及 0.2至3重量份數之稠化劑,例如:纖維素醚類, 加起來之總量為1000重量份數,且視所預期稠度而定,連同適量 之水將該乾混合物加以攪拌。 利用本發明可再分散粉末於自動找平填充組化合物(SVM)應 用時不再需要另外使用增塑劑。此外,驚奇地發現:當同時對經 聚乙烯醇安定化之分散液及增塑劑實施喷乾,塑化效果大幅增 加。另外經發現:非以本發明之方式修飾之經聚乙烯醇安定化粉 末,而是利用慣用之含有高比例環氧乙烷及/或環氧丙烷單元之增 塑劑,會提供再分散性極差的粉末,其容易結塊、且不適用於建 築工業的化學產品中。 <實施例> 藉喷乾乾燥所製之可再分散粉末係調配為如表1所示之自動找 平配方。各個成分係在乾燥情況下加以混合,之後每100公克乾 燥混合物與21公克之水攪拌。 表1 數量(公克) 原料 製造商/供應商 94.0 高1呂水泥Fondue Lafarge銘酸鹽公司 200.0 卜特蘭水泥CEM 142.5 R 勒奇-水泥公司 47.0 無水石膏 Hilliges石膏公司 16 1305788 47.0 輕閃光礦石 普利姆公司 359.0 石英砂Η 33 石英公司 226.3 石炭酸#5〇myacarb 20BG 歐姆亞公司 23.0 RD粉/增塑劑 1.2 酒石酸 默克歐洲實驗室公司 1.0 碳酸鋰 默克歐洲實驗室公司 1.0 防泡劑,Agitan P 800 敏青化學公司 0.5 纖維素,Tylose Η 300 P2 克勒蘭公司 1000.0 比較例1 : 預先將20重量份數、以乙酸乙烯基酯/乙烯共聚物為主要成分、 玻璃轉移溫度Tg為17°C且含有8重量%部分水解聚乙烯醇之可再 分散粉末與3重量份數Melflux 1641(德古薩公司出品之粉狀增塑 劑)加以混合並在上述配方中加以測試。所得結果經囊整如表2 所示。 比較例2 : 將23重量份數、藉喷乾一以乙酸乙烯基酯/乙烯共聚物為主要成 分之水性聚合物分散液而製得、玻璃轉移溫度Tg為17°C、且含 有8重量%部分水解聚乙烯醇之可再分散粉末,連同10重量%之 Melflux 1641,在上述配方中加以測試。所得結果經彙整如表2所 示。 實施例3 : 將23重量份數、藉喷乾一以乙酸乙烯基酯/乙烯共聚物為主要成 分之水性聚合物分散液而製得、玻璃轉移溫度Tg為17°C、經以8 1305788 *里%部分水解聚乙烯醇安定化且含有5重量%部分水解聚乙烯醇 之可再分散粉末’連同7 4重量%之增塑劑A(由22重量%甲基丙 、49重量%丙烯酸乙酯、7重量%曱基丙烯酸甲酯及22重量 /〇丙稀酸續酸基丙酯所形成之共聚物),在上述配方中加以測試。 所知結果經彙整如表2所示。 實施例4 : 如同貫施例3 ’但同時共同噴灑者並非7.4重量%之增塑劑a, 而係代之以6.7重量%之增塑劑b (由27重量%甲基丙烯酸、49 重里Λ丙烯酶乙酯、7重量%甲基丙稀酸甲酯、17重量%丙烯酸磺 酸基丙酯所形成之共聚物)。所得結果經彙整如表2所示。 實施例5 : 如同實施例3,但同時共同喷灑者並非7·4重量%之增塑劑Α, 而係代之以10重量%之增塑劑Αι3所得結果經彙整如表2所示。 比較例6 : 預先將20重量份數、以乙酸乙烯基g|/乙稀共聚物為主要成分、 玻璃轉移溫度TgAWC且含有8重量%部分水解聚乙烯醇之可再# 分散粉末與3重量份數之增塑劑八加以摻合並在上述配方中加以 測試。所得結果經彙整如表2所示。 比較例7 : 預先將20重量份數、以乙酸乙雄基醋/乙稀共聚物為主要成分、 玻璃轉移溫度Tgyn:且含有8重量%部分水解聚乙烯醇之可再 分散粉末與3重量純之增㈣b以摻合並在上述配方中加以 測試。所得結果經彙整如表2所示。 18 1305788 比較例8 : 將23重量份數、藉喷乾一以乙酸乙烯基酯/乙烯/VeoValO共聚 物為主要成分之水性聚合物分散液而製得,玻璃轉移溫度Tg為5 °C且經以8重量%部分水解聚乙烯醇安定化之可再分散粉末,連同 5重量%之部分水解聚乙烯醇及10重量%之增塑劑A、在上述配方 中加以測試。所得結果經彙整如表2所示。 功能測試: 坍落度(流平度)之測定: φ 流變性係依照德國工業標準DIN EN 12706於1、15及30分鐘 之後測定。 在拉力情況下測定彎(撓)曲強度(BZ): 彎曲強度係在1天(Id)及7天(7d)之後測定且係依照prEN 13851於40x40x160立方公厘之磚和砂漿稜柱體上實施。 壓縮(抗壓)強度(DF): 壓縮強度係在1天(Id)及7天(7d)之後測定且係依照prEN 13851於40x40x160立方公厘之磚和砂漿稜柱體上實施。 · 抗結塊性(BF): 用一螺桿將分散粉末送入一鐵管内,之後施以金屬模塞作用, 以測定抗結塊性。實施模塞作用之後,將該鐵管置於溫度50°C之 乾燥室内,歷時16小時。冷卻至室溫之後,將粉末自鐵管内取出, 藉壓碎該粉末以定性方式測定其耐結塊性。耐結塊性之高低係依 照下列標準分類: 1至3 =对結塊性甚佳 19 1305788 4至6=对結塊性佳 7至8=耐結塊性可 9至10=容易結塊,經壓碎之後,粉末不再自由流動沉積(降) 性狀(RA)之測定: 再分散之沉積性狀係粉末可再分散性之量測標準。該等再分散 液係利用強大剪力製成50重量%濃度之水性再分散液。 之後,藉將1〇〇毫升之該分散液送入附有刻度之管内並量測固 體物質之沉積高度,以對經稀釋之再分散液(0.5%固體含量)測 定沉積性狀。所報告之結果係24小時後沉積之公厘數。數值大於 7者即表示係粉末之不合格再分散液。 由比較例1與比較例2相較顯示:與傳統式增塑劑同時喷乾僅 可產生塑化效果低之可再分散粉末。 由實施例3與比較例6相較或由實施例4與比較例7相較顯示: 依照本發明使用增塑劑共同喷乾則改良塑化效果。 表2 實施例 水平度 Γ [公分] 水平度 15’[公分] 水平度 30’ [公分] 彎曲強度 1天/7天 [牛頓/公厘2] 壓縮強度 1天/7天 [牛頓/公厘2] 抗結 沉積性狀 1小時/24小時 比較例1 16.0 16.2 16.4 3.83/4.48 19.64/24.37 3 0.2/1 比較例2 10.6 9.8 8.5 3.11/4.06 14.72/22.34 10 27/— 實施例3 16.3 16.2 16,1 3.79/5.55 19.12/24.52 4 0.1/1 實施例4 15.4 15.5 16.0 3.80/5.53 18.35/26.12 3 0.1//0.8 實施例5 16.8 16.3 16.5 4.01/5.78 18.56/25.48 4 0.1/0.9 比較例6 15.6 15.7 15.4 3.78/4.62 17.91/24.74 3 0.2/1 比較例7 15.3 15.5 15.2 3.78/4.63 20.72/28.01 3 0.2/1 20 1305788 實施例8 16.9 16.7 16.7 3.80/5.52 17.16/23.07 4 0.2/1.2 【圖式簡單說明】 (無) 【主要元件符號說明】 (無) 21
Claims (1)
1305788 十、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種經聚乙烯醇安定化及具有塑化性之可再分散粉末,該等 可再分散粉末係在一由下列所形成之共聚物存在的情況下, 烘乾經聚乙烯醇安定化之由同元聚合物或共聚物形成之水性 分散液而製得: (a) 10重量%至50重量%之一或多種選自以下族群之單體:具 有4至8個碳原子之乙烯型不飽和單羧酸、具有4至8個碳 原子之乙烯型不飽和二羧酸及其酸酐以及前述酸及酸酐之鹽 類; (b) 10重量%至50重量%之一或多種含有磺酸基、硫酸基及 磷酸基之乙烯型不飽和化合物及其鹽類;以及 (c) 20重量%至80重量%之一或多種選自以下族群之單體:具 有1至18個碳原子之分枝型及非分枝型烷基羧酸之乙烯基酯 及具有1至15個碳原子之分枝型及非分枝型醇類之丙烯酸酯 及甲基丙烯酸酯, 其中,上述重量°/。係以該共聚物之總重量為基準,該等同元聚 合物或共聚物係由一或多種選自以下族群之單體所形成:具 有1至18個碳原子之分枝型及非分枝型烷基羧酸之乙烯基酯 類、具有1至15個碳原子之分枝型及非分枝型醇類之丙烯酸 酯及甲基丙烯酸酯類、二烯類、烯類、乙烯基芳烴及鹵乙烯 類。 2. 如請求項1所述之經聚乙烯醇安定化及具有塑化性之可再分 散粉末,其主要成分為一或多種選自以下族群之聚合物:乙 酸乙烯基酯同元聚合物、乙酸乙烯基酯與乙烯之共聚物、乙 22 1305788 酸乙烯基酯與乙烯及一個或更多個其他乙烯基酯之共聚物、 乙酸乙烯基酯與乙烯及丙烯酸酯及/或甲基丙烯酸酯之共聚 物、乙酸乙烯基酯與乙烯及氯乙烯之共聚物,苯乙烯-丙烯酸 酯共聚物,及苯乙烯-1,3-丁二烯共聚物。 3. 如請求項1或2所述之經聚乙烯醇安定化及具有塑化性之可 再分散粉末,其中該聚乙烯醇包括一或多種選自以下族群之 聚乙烯醇:水解度為80莫耳%至100莫耳%之部份或完全水 解聚乙烯醇類,以及水解度為80莫耳%至95莫耳%、4%濃 度水溶液中赫普勒黏度為1毫帕斯卡·秒至30毫帕斯卡·秒之 部分水解及經疏水修飾之聚乙烯醇類。 4. 如請求項3所述之經聚乙烯醇安定化及具有塑化性之可再分 散粉末,其中該聚乙烯醇包括一或多種選自以下族群之聚乙 烯醇:水解度為80莫耳%至95莫耳%、4%濃度水溶液中赫 普勒黏度為1毫帕斯卡·秒至30毫帕斯卡·秒(赫普勒法,在 20°C溫度下實施,德國工業標準DIN 53015)之部分水解聚乙 烯醇類。 5. 如請求項1或2所述之經聚乙烯醇安定化及具有塑化性之可 再分散粉末,其中具塑化性之共聚物包括一或多種選自以下 族群之單體作為共單體a):丙烯酸、曱基丙烯酸、巴豆酸 (crotonic acid )、亞甲基丁二酸、反丁浠二酸、順丁稀二酸 及該等羧酸之鹽類。 6. 如請求項1或2所述之經聚乙烯醇安定化及具有塑化性之可 再分散粉末,其中具塑化性之共聚物包括一或多種選自以下 23 1305788 族群之單體作為共單體b):乙烯基磺酸及其鹼金屬及鹼土金 屬之鹽類,苯乙烯磺酸及其鹼金屬及鹼土金屬之鹽類,甲基 烯丙基磺酸及其鹼金屬及鹼土金屬之鹽類,對曱基烯丙基氧 基苯基磺酸及其鹼金屬及鹼土金屬之鹽類,及具有化學通式 CHfCR^CO-X-CW-RtSC^H之磺酸及其鹼金屬及鹼土金 屬之鹽類,其中X係0或NH、R1、R2及R3係相同或不同且 經定義為Η及C,至C3烷基,及R4係C,至C4伸烷基。 7. 如請求項1或2所述之經聚乙烯醇安定化及具有塑化性之可 φ 再分散粉末,其中具塑化性之共聚物包括一或多種選自以下 族群之單體作為共單體c):乙酸乙烯基酯及丙酸乙烯基酯等 乙烯基酯類,合適之曱基丙烯酸及丙烯酸之酯類是丙烯酸甲 酯、甲基丙烯酸曱酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯 酸丙酯、甲基丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正-丁酯、曱基丙烯酸-正-丁酯,及丙烯酸2-乙基己酯。 8. 如請求項1或2所述之經聚乙烯醇安定化及具有塑化性之可 再分散粉末,其中該共聚物之數均分子量(number-average 籲 molecular weight) Mn 低於 50000 道爾頓。 9. 如請求項1或2所述之經聚乙烯醇安定化及具有塑化性之可 再分散粉末,其中以可再分散粉末之總重量為基準,可再分 散粉末内之塑化性聚合物所佔比例為〇.〗重量%至25重量%。 10. —種用以製備如請求項1至9之任一項所述之經聚乙烯醇安 定化及具有塑化性之可再分散粉末之方法,該方法係在一由 下列所形成之共聚物存在的情況下,烘乾經聚乙烯醇安定化 24 1305788 之由同元聚合物或共聚物形成之水性分散液而製得: (a) 10重量%至50重量%之一或多種選自以下族群之單體:具 有4至8個碳原子之乙烯型不飽和單羧酸、具有4至8個碳 原子之乙烯型不飽和二羧酸及其酸酐,以及前述酸及酸酐之 鹽類; 4 (b) 10重量%至50重量%之一或多種含有磺酸基、硫酸基及 磷酸基之乙烯型不飽和化合物及其鹽類;以及 (c) 20重量%至80重量%之一或多種選自以下族群之單體:具 鲁 有1至18個碳原子之分枝型及非分枝型烷基羧酸之乙烯基酯 及具有1至15個碳原子之分枝型及非分枝型醇類之丙烯酸酯 或(甲基)丙烯酸酯, 其中,上述重量%係以該共聚物之總重量為基準,該等同元聚 合物或共聚物係由一或多種選自以下族群之單體所形成:具 有1至18個碳原子之分枝型及非分枝型烷基羧酸之乙烯基酯 類、具有1至15個碳原子之分枝型及非分枝型醇類之丙烯酸 酯及曱基丙烯酸酯類、二烯類、烯類、乙烯基芳烴及i乙烯 · 類。 11. 如請求項10所述之方法,其中係於添加另外聚乙烯醇作為喷 灑助劑之後藉喷乾作用來實施乾燥作用。 12. —種如請求項1至9之任一項所述之經聚乙烯醇安定化及具 有塑化性之可再分散粉末之用途,係用於建築工業之化學產 品中,單獨或連同水凝結合劑,例如:水泥(卜特蘭、銘酸 鹽、火山灰、熔渣、鎂氧、及磷酸鹽水泥)或石膏、生石灰 及水玻璃,用以製造建築黏合劑,尤其磚瓦黏合劑及戶外絕 25 1305788 緣黏合劑,灰泥及粉刷的頭道漿、填充複合物、抹子施加地 板複合物、勻塗複合物、薄漿、灌縫砂漿,及油漆。 13.如請求項12所述之用途,係作為自動找平地板-填充化合物 及可流動抹平劑。
26
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2003
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CN1535995A (zh) | 2004-10-13 |
MY148513A (en) | 2013-04-30 |
KR20040087927A (ko) | 2004-10-15 |
DE502004006092D1 (de) | 2008-03-20 |
US20040204518A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
DK1466937T3 (da) | 2008-05-05 |
KR100576214B1 (ko) | 2006-05-03 |
EP1466937A1 (de) | 2004-10-13 |
CN1257930C (zh) | 2006-05-31 |
TW200422327A (en) | 2004-11-01 |
ES2298642T3 (es) | 2008-05-16 |
JP4727940B2 (ja) | 2011-07-20 |
ATE385245T1 (de) | 2008-02-15 |
RU2287537C2 (ru) | 2006-11-20 |
DE10316079A1 (de) | 2004-11-11 |
US20070155862A1 (en) | 2007-07-05 |
RU2004110386A (ru) | 2005-10-20 |
EP1466937B1 (de) | 2008-01-30 |
US7250468B2 (en) | 2007-07-31 |
JP2004307866A (ja) | 2004-11-04 |
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