TWI286124B - Method of manufacture for microelectromechanical devices - Google Patents

Method of manufacture for microelectromechanical devices Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI286124B
TWI286124B TW094114422A TW94114422A TWI286124B TW I286124 B TWI286124 B TW I286124B TW 094114422 A TW094114422 A TW 094114422A TW 94114422 A TW94114422 A TW 94114422A TW I286124 B TWI286124 B TW I286124B
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Taiwan
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layer
conductive
electrically
wire
conductive layer
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TW094114422A
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TW200607750A (en
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Brian James Gally
Manish Kothari
Clarence Chui
Ming-Hau Tung
John Batey
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Idc Llc
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81CPROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • B81C1/00Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
    • B81C1/00436Shaping materials, i.e. techniques for structuring the substrate or the layers on the substrate
    • B81C1/00555Achieving a desired geometry, i.e. controlling etch rates, anisotropy or selectivity
    • B81C1/00563Avoid or control over-etching
    • B81C1/00579Avoid charge built-up
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81CPROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • B81C1/00Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81BMICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
    • B81B3/00Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
    • B81B3/0002Arrangements for avoiding sticking of the flexible or moving parts
    • B81B3/0008Structures for avoiding electrostatic attraction, e.g. avoiding charge accumulation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12542More than one such component

Description

.1286124 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種製造微機電器件之方法 【先前技術】 微機電系統(MEMS)器件可由薄膜處理製造。此等處理β
包括沈積-系列薄膜之層,圖案化並蚀刻該等層以^成I 等器件。為允許該器件移動,某一声 人 嘈4為一隔離層。一隔 離層係在形成該器件中用作一結構構件 τ Μ呆一層,且該層 在完成該器件時可移除。 隔離層之移除可包括-㈣處理,使用_材料作為僅作 用於犧牲層材料上之钱刻劑。在某些情形下,隔離層可為 可使用乾式氣體蝕刻而移除之氧化物。亦可為其它形弋之 隔離層且使用其它移除方法。隔離層之移除通^導= 間隙i經由該間隙,該器件之一構件一旦致動即會移動。 通常藉由使用電訊號來致動MEMS器件,該等電訊號在 被間隙隔離的第—導電層與第二導電層之間產生一電壓 差。在乾式氣體蝕刻該隔離層期間,該等層上可能累積一 靜電荷,導致可移動構件變得被吸引至另一導電層。在極 端情形下’兩層會變得黏在—起,且該器件變得不能運作。 在較為不極端之情形下,可移動元件可能被損壞或變形且 隨後不能正常運作。 【發明内容】 鑒於上述習知製造一微機電器件之方法之諸多缺點,本 叙明提供-種製造一微機電器件之方法,用以克服先前技 101346-950905.doc •1286124 術所產生的問題。 本發明係揭示了一種製造一種製造一微機電器件之方 法,其包含:在一基板上至少形成第一及第二導電層;在 該第一與該第二導電層之間形成一隔離層;將該第一及該 第二導電層電耦接在一起;及移除該隔離層,以在該第一 導電層與該第二導電層之間形成一間隙。 本發明更揭示一種用於製造一微機電器件之裝置,其包 含:一導線,其經組態以用於在一蝕刻程序之前將至少二 導電層耦接在一起,其中該等至少二導電層形成該微機電 器件之至少一部分。 【實施方式】 圖1說明一由薄膜處理形成的微機電器件
機電器件包含一隔離層。該特定實例為一干涉量測調節 器,但本發明之實施例可應用於所有種類之由薄膜方法形 成的具有-隔離層之MEMS器件。在—透明基板1〇上形成 該調節器。通常在基板1G上形成—光學堆疊,#包含金屬 及氧化物’諸如12及14。在-犧牲層(未圖示)上形成一金屬 膜18。該犧牲層亦稱作一隔離層,此係由於其在處理期間 作用使得導電層彼此電隔離。 义 中圖r化通道,以允畔來… 成之别,在隔離層 允卉來自该膜的金屬填充該等通 成柱體,諸如〗6。 並形 一凡硐郎器結構(諸如金屬膜18),即移除隔# 此允許部分膜向光學堆疊之電…」移“離層 喟銪哭〇 子隹且之電極層12偏轉。在干涉量 «周即§§之情形下,藉由握 ‘ 猎由钿縱mis與電極層12之間的電龙 101346^950905.doc .1286124 歌 I ' 差’而使付膜18被吸引至金屬層12。層12及膜18可為金屬 (如本文所述),或任何導電材料。藉由嚮導電層14施加一不 同於膜18上之電壓的電壓,啟動圖1所示的部分膜所形成之 單元。此導致薄膜變得被靜電地吸引至電極或第一導電層 12。導電層可為金屬或任何其它導電材料。 在隔離層之移除期間,足夠靜電荷累積於兩個導電層之 表面上,在沒有啟動之情形下導致該膜被吸引嚮導電層 14。此情形如圖2中所示。此對於干涉量測調節器之啟動狀 籲 態而言為正常的,但不同之處在於不是電壓電位一改變該 膜即自氧化層12釋放。已假定膜為永久啟動狀態。此可由 一黏貼或摩擦之組合(通常稱為靜摩擦)所導致,且由導電層 - 12與導電膜18之間的靜電力而惡化。 了用許夕不同方法完成隔離層之移除。通常使用乾式氣 • 體餘刻’諸如二氟化氙(XeF2)來蝕刻移除該隔離層。儘管 此等為蝕刻方法之實例,但是可使用任何蝕刻方法。可能 _ 乾式環丨兄有利於靜電荷之累積。然而,較佳不必改變用於 製造微機電器件之方法的材料或基礎將,而是使得該方法 適用於消除靜電荷累積。 濕式#刻期間同時將導電層接地可獲得一些益處。藉由 接地,可致能器件電化學上之影響(若需要),或可減輕器件 電化學上之影響(若不需要)。在一實施例中,將該等層一起 妾也移除了隔離層後接地點仍保留在原位,使得器件能 °王運輸而無靜電放電之憂。若餘刻為濕式餘刻或乾式 蝕刻,則此方法會有所幫助。 ^1346-950905^ 9 1286124 . 1 接地方法1 An .〃、卜接地,經由該器件結構外部之一裝置 或機構實施接地。或 Χ有接地可為在製造期間產生之器件 之^刀的内部結構。首先將討論外部接地。 一在餘刻過程中用於減輕靜電荷之累積的—裝置如圖3所 从 替代i·生實知例如圖4所示。在圖3中,一導線22已附 ^ 一導電層14及18,以用於將該等導電層保持
在=電位。同一電位可包含將其附著至一接地面,或僅 將其附著在_起。藉由將其保持在同—電位,靜電荷累積 夺不θ在兩層之間導致電位差,且因此將避免在蝕刻處理 期間致^之問題。如將進—步詳細描述的,#管在㈣ 之刖兩層可在任一點處電耦接在一起,但是此通常剛 好在Μ1處理之前進行。可能需要在-旦製造出器件時即 將電耦接限制至基板非活性區域。 圖4之替代性實施例展示一使用三個導電層及兩個隔離 層所製造之器件。在—干涉量測調節器之此實施例中,圖工 及3中第二導電層18之均等物實際上為兩個導電層丨8&及 1 8b。其通常沈積為兩個分離之層,但在實體或電氣上互相 連接。此通常會導致一撓性層及鏡面層之組合,其僅需要 一連接以連接於其它導電層。因為除了在層18a與電極層以 之間形成一隔離層外,可能在層18a與18b之間形成另一隔 離層,所以此特定形成可能需要兩個隔離層作為第一隔離 層之均等物。經由第一隔離層之第二部分中之一通道而形 成層18a與18b之間的連接。為說明之目的,此隔離層並非 重點,因其所沈積導電層通常不需要一導線以將其連接至 101346-950905.doc .1286124 ·. ; 其它導電層。 可在撓性層18b上形成一第二隔離層25,以在導電層i8b 與一第三導電層26之間提供間隔。此實例中第三導電層為 匯流排層,其用於在撓性層及鏡面層之上形成一訊號傳輸 匯流排以幫助定址調節器之單元。不管本發明之實施例採 取何種應用或使用何種MEMS器件,此僅係作為經電耦接 以用於減輕或消除蝕刻處理期間的靜電荷累積之多導電層 之一實例。 •圖4亦展示一單獨用於兩層之間之連接之一替代方案。在 圖4中,導線22連接至一接地面,在此實例中其為蝕刻腔室 3 0之框架。此與將電連接在一起的兩個或兩個以上層相比 更為良好,此係由於該等層將在一 “已知,,電位,即接地 電位。或者,導線22及24可附著至其它結構。只要兩個或 兩個以上層保持在同一電位,靜電荷之累積應不會導致膜 被吸引至基板上的導電層。
_ 如別所述,可能更加需要使用一種在不干擾用於MEMS 為件之製造的當前處理流程之情形下避免或減輕靜電荷累 積之方法。圖5以流程圖形式說明了一製造MEMS器件之方 法的實例,在此種狀況下為如前所述之干涉量測調節器。 應注意,此論述中作為一特定實例之處理流程係用於一 干涉置測调節器。然而,本發明之實施例可應用於具有經 乾式氣體蝕刻移除之隔離層的任何MEMS器件製造流程。 如前所述,干涉量測調節器建構於一透明基板上,諸如玻 璃。在步驟32中沈積、圖案化及蝕刻一電極層,以形成用 101346-950905.doc .1286124 ' ί ^ 於定址調節器之單元的電極。接著在步驟34中沈積及蝕刻 光學層。在步驟36中沈積第一隔離層,接著在步驟38中沈 積鏡面層。在此實施例中,第一導電層將作為鏡面層。 接著在步驟40中圖案化並餘刻第一導電層。在步驟“中 沈積一第二隔離層。同樣地,對於圖4之實例此為特定的, 其中第二導電層實際上為由兩個導電層,即撓性層及鏡面 層形成。因為第二隔離層之任一側面上兩導電層之間的靜 電荷累積並不重要,所以第一及第二隔離層可視為單一隔 •離層。然後在步驟44中沈積一撓性層,且在步驟46中圖案 化及蝕刻該撓性層。 在步驟48中,改變了典型處理流程以包括第一及第二導 • 電層之接地,在此種狀況下其為電極層及鏡面/撓性層。對 ; 於一具有兩個導電層及一有效隔離層之器件而言,使用一 钱刻來移除隔離層,處理可在步驟50結束。此僅為一實施 例,因此在一虛線框中說明程序之結束。對於一具有兩個 或兩個以上導電層之器件而言,程序實際上在步驟52繼續 下去。 在步驟52中,此特定實例中在步驟52中沈積一第三隔離 層。如上所述,實際上此可能僅為一第二有效隔離層。於 步驟54中沈積匯流排層或第三導電層,且在步驟56中圖案 化及蝕刻該匯流排層或第三導電層。在步驟5 8中,將導電 層(此實例中有三個導電層)接地或在步驟58中使其電耦接 在一起,然後在步驟60中移除該等隔離層。視器件及電驅 動方案之功能性而定,可在步驟62中去耦導電層。對於干 101346-950905 .doc .1286124 ♦ c 涉量測調節器之實例而言必須移除耦接,其中在該干涉量 測調節器中器件之運作依賴於產生於保持在不同電壓電位 的導電層之間的靜電吸引。 線耦接為一耦接導電層之外部方法的實例。其它外部實 例包括使用測試探針結構以提供層之間的耦接,及使用離 子化氣體,其中氣體分子自身提供層之間的耦接。
應注意,將該等層連接在一起或將其全部連接至同一電 位之方法被稱為將該等層耦接。此希望涵蓋以下之情形: 其中該等層僅連接在-起;-起連接至一通用電位(此處該 電位接地電位);或個別地連接至一通用電位或同一電位。 希望在該等層如何電麵接在—起上無任何限制。 門邵接地裝置之實 oa^&b所示。作為MEMSfi 件製造之部分,通常在一基板上製造許多器件,其一部分 ^圖6a中70所示。在器件製造期間,可於器件之各種層中 提供導線至測試墊或貼片(諸如76),嗲蓉屌^ i 1曰 )4等層诸如電極層12、 械槭或鏡面層18及匯流排诖技s w ^ 排連接層26。將此等墊耦接在一起 (諸如藉由連接74而將全部墊連έ士力 邻八,、Α 墊連、,,D在一起)而作為導電層之 口P为製造态件之圖案化及餃岁彳_ ϊ¥ ^ 及钱刻處理為可能的。為進一步處 里,此方法將導電層耦接在一起。 如上所述,由於該等層耦接在 m Μ ±1 Λη ^ ( 為件不忐運作,必 、移除该内邛耦接。如圖讣所示, 74之間的連f聽八μ ㈣塾76與麵接連接 田基板勿割為其個別器 切割,或者斷裂。用於形成斷裂之線+ - Μ鋸開、 墊76與耗接連接74 刀割線切斷 輕接。此為内部耦接之一實例。 ]〇J346-950905.doc -12- 1286124 以此方式,可使用當前處理蝕刻具有導電層及至少一隔 離層之MEMS器件,同時可避免使得器件不能運作的靜電 荷累積。在封裝之前,且通常在該器件自餘刻腔室移除時, 即自該器件中移除或者消除連接。 因此’儘管已正好說明了一種用於減輕或消除蝕刻處理 期間靜電荷累積之影響的方法及裝置的特^實施例,但是 除了下列申請專利範圍中所陳述的,不期望該特定參考被 邊為是本發明之範疇的限制。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1說明一使用-隔離層形成的微機電器件之一實施。 圖2說明-㈣處理期間所累積的—靜電荷使得其不能 運作的一微機電器件之—實例。 圖3說明-用於減輕蝕刻處理期間靜電荷累積之影響的 裝置之一實施例。 圖4說明一用於減輕蝕刻處理期間靜電荷累積之影響的 裝置之一替代性實施例。 圖5說明-用於製造一微機電器件之方法 施例之 流程圖。 圖6a及圖6b說明用於減輕蝕刻處理期間靜電荷之影響的 一替代性裝置之實施例。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 基板 12 電極層 14 導電層 101346-950905.doc 1286124 16 柱體 18 第二導電層 18a 導電層 18b 導電層 22 導線 24 導線 25 第二隔離層 26 第三導電層 30 蝕刻腔室 70 一部分器件 74 連接 76 塾 78 切割線
101346-950905.doc

Claims (1)

1^6124 ______ %年)月^曰修(¾正本 十、申請專利範圍: 1-— K 一種製造一微機電器件之方法,其包含: 在—基板上至少形成第一及第二導電層; 在該第一與該第二導電層之間形成一隔離層; 將該第一及該第二導電層電耦接在一起; 移除該隔離層,以在該第一導電層與該第二導電層之 間形成一間隙;及 移除該隔離層後,電去耦該第一與該第二導電層。 2·如請求項1之方法,進一步包含形成一第三導電層。 其中形成一隔離層進一步包含形成 3·如請求項2之方法 隔離層。 其中移除該隔離層包含對該隔離層執 其中執行一蝕刻包含執行一乾式氣體 其中執行一乾式氣體蝕刻包含執行一 4·如請求項1之方法 行一蝕刻。 5 ·如凊求項4之方法 蝕刻。 6·如請求項5之方法 二氟化氙蝕刻。 7’ =求項1之方法’其中將該等導電層電耦接在一起包含 從外部將該等導電層電耦接在一起。 起勺之方法’其中從外部將該等導電層電純在-之包含使用一導線、應用一探 體來移除該等隔離層。木針-構或使用一離子化氣 月求項1之方法,其中將該等 從内邻收& #寺V電層電耦接在一起包含 攸内。卩將該等導電層電耦接在一起。 101346-950905.doc 1286124 ίο.如 明'項1之方法,其中將該 使用—導綠“ “ *電肩電搞接在一起包含 線以心供電連接至該等導電層。 11 ·如凊衣項1 使用-導二徂 該等導電層編在-起包含 連接至、s 電4接至該等導電層’接著將該導線 堤接至一通用電壓電位。 對於每項1之方法,其中將該等導電層電麵接在一起包含 2::導電層使用導線’且將該等導線全部電連接至 在:二π法’其中將該等導電層電耦接在一起包含 =之-非活性區域將該等導電層㈣接在 】4·如晴未項〗之方法,1 電層暫時地電麵接在、-起η將該第一與該第二導 項1之方法,其中電麵接包含在製造期間將該第-與該第二導電層電耦接在一起。 16.如請求項〗之方法,1 含在該第與該第二導電層包 弟一導電層之間實際地分離一導電導 線0 I7· —種用於製造 /、 〇 · -導線’其經組態以用於在一蝕刻程序之二 導電層去能地電連接在一起,其中 虚 ^ /、r ”亥專至少二導電層形 成5亥彳政機電器件之至少一部分。 外部導線,其經 内部導電連接, 18·如請求項17之裝置,其中該導線包含一 組態以將該等導電層連接在一起。 19·如請求項17之裝置,其中該導線包含一 101346-950905.doc P?6124 20〜私組態以將該等導電層連接在-起。 •如請求们乂裝置,其中該導線 以將該笤ϋ a 導線,其經組態 I如請:Γ 接在—起’且連接至-通用電位。 以將噹等:之裝置,其中該導線包含一導線’其經組態 22 咬二專導電層個別地連接至一通用電位。 線。、貝17之裝置’其中在—氣體㈣腔室中製備該導 23 • 請求項Η之裝置,其中該等至少二導電層的里中之一 包含金屬層。 a 4·如凊求項17之裝置,其中該等至少二導電層的其中之一 包含一電極。 5·如凊求項17之裝置,其中該導線係進一步經組態以永久 - 地去能電連接該等至少二導電層。 ‘ ·如請求項17之裝置,其中該導線係進一步經組態以在製 造期間被電連接。 27 _ •如請求項17之裝置,其中該導線係進一步經組態以在該 钱刻程序後被去能。 101346-950905.doc 1286124 ' ', • 七、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:第(4 )圖。 (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: 18a 導電層 18b 導電層 22 導線 24 導線 25 第二隔離層 26 第三導電層 30 蝕刻腔室 八、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式: (無) 101346-950905.doc
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US7476327B2 (en) 2009-01-13
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CN1950291A (zh) 2007-04-18
US20050249966A1 (en) 2005-11-10
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TW200607750A (en) 2006-03-01
JP2007536097A (ja) 2007-12-13

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