TWI279562B - A method of healing of low-ohmic defects in a flat display - Google Patents

A method of healing of low-ohmic defects in a flat display Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI279562B
TWI279562B TW091137131A TW91137131A TWI279562B TW I279562 B TWI279562 B TW I279562B TW 091137131 A TW091137131 A TW 091137131A TW 91137131 A TW91137131 A TW 91137131A TW I279562 B TWI279562 B TW I279562B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
display
defect
current
anode
cathode
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TW091137131A
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English (en)
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TW200411195A (en
Inventor
Joep Geurts
Georg Greuel
Markus Heinrich Klein
De Weijer Peter Van
Boudewijn Johannes C Jacobs
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Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv
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Publication of TW200411195A publication Critical patent/TW200411195A/zh
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Publication of TWI279562B publication Critical patent/TWI279562B/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3216—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using a passive matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
    • G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
    • G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
    • G01R33/56—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution
    • G01R33/561—Image enhancement or correction, e.g. subtraction or averaging techniques, e.g. improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and resolution by reduction of the scanning time, i.e. fast acquiring systems, e.g. using echo-planar pulse sequences
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3266—Details of drivers for scan electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/06—Passive matrix structure, i.e. with direct application of both column and row voltages to the light emitting or modulating elements, other than LCD or OLED
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
    • G09G2310/0243—Details of the generation of driving signals
    • G09G2310/0254—Control of polarity reversal in general, other than for liquid crystal displays
    • G09G2310/0256—Control of polarity reversal in general, other than for liquid crystal displays with the purpose of reversing the voltage across a light emitting or modulating element within a pixel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/029—Improving the quality of display appearance by monitoring one or more pixels in the display panel, e.g. by monitoring a fixed reference pixel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/04—Maintaining the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/043—Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/08—Fault-tolerant or redundant circuits, or circuits in which repair of defects is prepared
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/12—Test circuits or failure detection circuits included in a display system, as permanent part thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/861—Repairing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Description

1279562 ⑴ 玫、發明說明 (發明π明應敘明.發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、内容、實施方式及圖式簡翠說明) 本發明關於修復平面顯示器中之低歐姆缺陷的一方法。 “低歐姆’’表不由缺陷所導致之一洩漏電流影響到顯示器人 眼可見之性能。 一平面顯示器是一堆疊的結構性層包含至少一透明電極 層，一發光或吸收光或可極化層或任何光調制層及一反電 極層。一個或所有電極層及光調制層則結構以容許顯示器 的副區域的各別定址，典型地經由副區域的切換區動所導 致。在一矩陣型式顯示器，此副區域是由單像素所構成， 由疋在區隔化的顯示，每個區段界定一副區域。 以發光聚合物為基礎的自行發射被動區段或矩陣顯示已 經進入市場數年。該顯示器使用場致發光現象，其是源自 匕δ 士；u度複合物的有機材料。此有機層被包夾在與有 機層接觸的兩個電極間。經由施予一適切的電壓，該負電 極，如陰極，會發射電子，及正電極，如陽極，會發射= 洞。該等電子和電洞的組合則產Μ。當偏壓在正(反轉） 方向’電流流動減少至一殘餘洩漏電流位準，因此產生一 似二極體的電流_電壓特性。這種型式顯示器也參考如（聚合 物）發光二極體（LED)顯示器。澱積發光有機層可由非真空 濕式化學序如軸或印刷，或纟真空殿積技術如蒸發或 化學^殿積來完成。非真空程序相較於真空殺積程序細 使用回刀子的有機材料。為區隔兩種型式的顯示器，非真 玉的不同典型是稱為聚合物LED顯示器（PLED)，由是該真 空的不同則稱為有機led(oled)型式顯示器。 -6- (2) 1279562 發明說明續頁 在被動矩陣驅動設計結構’一電極層連接至一陰極(如 線）驅動态’及第二電極 玉層貝1連接至一知極（如行）驅動器。 5玄顯不…以-既定畫面更新率更新。經由一既定多工 ，典型等於顯示器的陽極或陰極數目)時間多工切換每 —陽極或陰極’每-陽極或陰極被定址為W[多工衫查面 更新率]的最大時間區間，典型地參考如線性時間。在主 動㈣驅動設計，可定址半導體開關的一配置被置於靠近 "示器的副區域。更新切換位置是以既定晝面更新率 2成^驅動陽極或陰極、線的時間多工並不需要。該有效 、，泉性蚪間因此變成小於 資訊係由程式化每一題一 ，「更新率。更新顯示器 的。 ”肩不副區域的資料及位址線所達成 對所有顯示器皆同的是一嚴重的生命週期問題，由突铁 二漏電流增加經由光調制層所產生的。此絕緣 电阻的失敗是因為缺陷或結構不協調所產生的 ，著在-基片上。粒子污染於顯示的過程或粒子來自由
Lf程序或材料。結構化不協調則是該等層内的針孔或昱 二:證篩出或炫入程序並非對抗生命週期該等缺陷的啟 泣—個，有好的視覺效能的可靠的顯示必須具有小演漏電 示亮度及對比不會受到寄生電流流經局部缺陷之 哭二二如’―存在增加的浅漏電流的發光被動驅動顯示 口口的副區域將發射少哎其 短陽極可能有特別光在 極由於顯示器的其他部份的過度應力，損壞 (3) 1279562 發明說明續頁」 可能在邏輯格的主動部位傳遞。最後，由於電子和顯 的相互連接和驅動器電子的過載，整個故障有個危險。日 缺陷永遠無法排除。因此，一顯示器的生命週期可处 掉到發光層的本質生命週期之下。為避免之，習知地= 被動化-局部缺陷，係由❹特職體填充物在顯示= 的空腔處或應用㈣層如陰極的頂端所達成。其他測二 則為wo 〇1/225G4所揭露的完成品之成品檢驗 ^ 擇程序。 良& 本發明的一目的是提供_锸〆由田#狂认田 一 疋捉供種使用该層堆疊的植入自行修 復特性來修復平面顯示器的低歐姆缺陷的方法。 少 此目的疋由將-特別電流在—預定期間通過平面顯示哭 的受影響副區域來達成，該電流則選^以將至少_缺陷= 特定週圍或至少一缺陷轉成一具必該一缺陷的初始電阻高 的一電阻的高歐姆狀態。 ^ “特別電阻，，表示電流不同於平常作動。特別地， 電流可以是反轉電流。 特別地，“高歐姆，，表示茂漏電流可以省略及修復的缺 ，不再影響顯示器人眼可見的視覺性能。對有機或聚合 _光=㈣心而言’高歐姆狀態特徵是 保持，+V為發光的極性，對所有關於顯示器驅動 皆同。 -對一有機或聚合物LED顯示器而言，本發明是以曝光顯 不器或顯示器的-部來溶去該缺陷至一壞像素或區段的反 °方向的卩疋的電氣張力為基礎。此電流必須停留在特 1279562 V J 發明說明續頁 別區域以避免顯示器的解體破壞。當缺陷被熔合，其經由 此電氣過張力切回一高歐姆狀態。 在較佳具體例，該電流從一起始值逐漸增加至一最大 值。 該預定時間週期可以是該顯示器的一線性時間的一分數 或一完整線線時間或晝面時間。 該顯示器則較佳是一有機或聚合物發光二極體顯示器但 任何型式平面顯示器皆可使用。此包括場致發光顯示器， 液晶顯示器及其他型式平面顯示器。 在一被動驅動顯示，該修復電流可以經由附著的陽極或 陰極驅動器連接一個或數個陽極或陰極線至地或供給電壓 來產生，因此最大化流經受影響區域的電流或電位差。在 一主動驅動顯示，該供給電壓則經由一開關交換。該使用 以驅動像素的半導體開關必須設計成一雙向開關。 在一有機或聚合物led顯示器例，該修復電流則較佳流 在二極體的反向。 該修復電流可以經由改變類比供應電壓的大小或極性來 調整’經由平行切換或縮短陽極或陰極，或經由採用類比 驅動電子裝置的輸出阻抗。此容許一阻抗耦合在該至少一 缺陷的電阻及類比驅動電路的有效輸出電阻間，以最大化 或調整缺陷處電能耗散，致使一單缺陷或幾個缺陷有效修 復。 / 根據本發明的該方法則較佳施於一具可程化驅動器於該 顯示器的每個陽極和陰極的一被動驅動顯示，或至一具可 1279562 V J 發明說明續頁 程式化位址及資料線的主動驅動顯示器。 修復一平面顯示器内低歐姆缺陷的一裝置則特徵為提供 一由控制裝置所選定的特別電流以將至少一缺陷或至少一 缺fe的特疋週圍轉換成一據比該至少一缺陷的初始電阻 更高的電阻及裝置用以將該特別電流在一預定時間週期通 過該平面顯示器的受影響副區域。該預定時間週期也可以 經由該控制裝置設定。 較佳地，該裝置包括裝置用以經由切換或縮短陽極或陰 極來降低顯示器的有效電極電阻。 若該顯示器的每個線性或陰及及行或陽極被提供，該裝 置可包括裝置用以連接一個或幾個該行驅動器或陽極·驅動 為或該線驅動器或陰極驅動器至地或供給電壓。 在一應用至主動驅動矩陣顯示器，裝置用以改變該類比 輸出電壓線或類比供給及地電壓線的電位可被提供。 而且，忒裝置可包括裝置用以採用至少該驅動器的輸出 阻抗或類比供給或電壓的輸出阻抗。 本發明將參考有機或聚合物發光二極體顯示予以示範性 說明。 圖1展示以發光二極體所建構之一矩陣顯示器的一部份 的一等效電路，其中並包括陽極驅動器及陰極驅動器。該 陽極驅動器一般設計如一怪定電流源，具有一依電流出出 特性Ra(I)〇Rcol*該邏輯格的内部電阻，連接缺陷至陽極驅 動器。該缺陷本身特徵為電阻R(^在本具體例，陰極。被 選定，由是陰極C2和C3被選定。該對應陰極驅動器輸出特 (6) 1279562 發明铑明續頁 性則由電阻Rc，sel和Rc &決定。 假定-多工驅動在共同陰極模式下列方式可 陰極驅動n供給所冑的修復能源： 、‘工由使用 =迫陽極電極al至地一最小時間區間t‘該所需時間 Η故為顯不器的一般線性時間的一分數；若必項，該 陽極可以強迫接地一完整線性時間。為麵合至地:、一： 電流而定之陽極輸出特性可被使肖，以使得若W則
Ra(I) = 0。 3 一輕合至地的替代方案則提供於圖2,其中-開關S並聯 連接至陽極驅動器以簡捷之於開關s關閉時。 2. —個以上陰極可切換至地。取代地，兩個陰極可切換至 地或更多。優點修復電流經由接地陰極驅動器吸收。此 驅動模式以下參閱如，，反向多工，，驅動模式。該設計，其中 兩個相鄰陰極C3和c 1如圖3所示被選定。
3·具有一驅動器輸出阻抗，該缺陷心所耗散的電能則經由 阻抗耦合最大化，如當Rd等於電氣環繞的整個輸出阻抗。 若反向夕工使用於熔合該缺陷，此狀況需要R〇必須約等 於Rd。為含蓋最大可能範圍缺陷，一非常低歐姆陰極驅動 器輸出可被使用。該執行於陰極驅動器的電阻值R 讲、c，de久
Rc，sel必須關於該邏輯袼的最大可接受修復電能及短路的頻 率。否則，若修復是基於缺陷週圍的陰極層的蒸發而定， 則有在顯示器内產生黑點的危險。 根據第1至3點的測量之結合可用以修復一發光二極體顯 示器的一缺陷。 1279562 ⑺ 發明說明續頁 根據本發明的方法之一 個不同策略。 被動或主動驅動顯示 器可使用三 在第一策略，參閱如“強破缺陷修復，，，上述測量卜3之 則在一預疋時間或週期地於特定時間區間採取。一預 蚪間可以疋充電該顯示器的時間，而無備用模式或其他類 似的。適切蚪間週其也可以每個晝面的週期，其中。是一
整數。該修復方法必須應用於整個顯示器，因為在該狀況 缺陷的位置並不清楚。
圖4展示一第二策略，稱為“感測缺陷修復”，其中在該具 體例經由監視去除選定的陰極驅動器的電阻的電壓降，感 測電子被使用以檢測顯示器内部。若該電壓超過一既定限 定值，一修復週期經由感測電路的輸出啟動。此表示陰極 驅動器必須經由-缺陷檢測電路延#。其他或替代感測電 路可用於陽極驅動器或陰極驅動器的選擇電阻。後者需要 陽極電位在感測時強迫為零。感測的缺陷移除具有優點在 修復週期僅於需要時施予，及該週期可限制為顯示器的受 影響部份，如單線顯示增加的洩漏。 若感測的缺陷修復被應用，其可改變依缺陷電阻位準 而定的陰極驅動器的輸出特徵。若缺陷修復不成功，輸 出電阻可被改變，例如經由使用一種可調電阻於陰極驅 動器的輸出線，如圖5所示。該策略也稱為“控制的缺陷 修復”。 a玄專具體例已以通常表示陰極方向的線方向的多工為基 礎的顯不器驅動概念說明。無論如何，該建議之測量也 1279562 發明部：明續頁 適合行方向的多工，其通常是陽極方向。 本發明使用陰極及/或陽極的源極和吸收下沉電容以修 復施於該缺陷的能量以修復—理想量能量的缺陷。 ， 在主動驅動電路，該修復方法可以類比方式施予。圖6 展示-主動矩陣顯示器的一單像素的一等效電路。一有°機 或聚合物發光二極體顯示的光產生電流則由一供、給電壓線 所源，流經-傳導特定時間的半導體開關，假定像素已由 資料和位址線所定址。該儲存電容保存開關電容閘極的電 位直至下一畫面被程式化。 為修復經由反轉電流的缺陷，該類比供給電壓線的電位 可從相對於地為正改變為負，或地，及類比供給電壓可在 修復週期交換，如圖7所示。 經由在像素照明被程式化為零期間，監視類比供給或地 線的電流位準，缺陷感測可用於主動驅動矩陣顯示器。 控制缺陷修復可經由採取類比供給電壓的輸出阻抗來 獲致，或在一修復週期經由調整類比供給電壓的大小亦 〇 作為一替代例，該用以驅動像素的半導體開關（或該等開 關）的線上電阻（開關在傳導狀態的電阻）可經由調整資料線 及位址線的適切電壓來調整。 圖示簡單說明 下面本發明的該等和及其他層面將參考附圖予以說明， 其中 圖1展示一被動驅動矩陣顯示包含陽極驅動器和陰極驅 1279562 (9) 發明說明續頁 動器的發光二極體的一等效電路；該連接至一陽極a2和一 陰極c2的像素則受到電阻Rd的一缺陷影響； 圖2展示相似於圖i的一等效電路，其中一開關則增加至 该陽極驅動器的輸出； 圖3展示相似於圖1的一等效電路，其中一不同陰極驅動 器設計被使用；
圖4展示相似於圖}的一等效電路，包括感測電子以檢測 一顯示器内部的一缺陷； 圖5展示相似於圖1的一等效電路用於控制的缺陷修復； 圖6展示用於一主動驅動矩陣顯示器的一等效電路，其包 含具資料線及位址線的發光二極體，及 圖7展示相似於圖6的一等效電路，其中該供給電壓及地 線的極性已被交換。 圖式代表符號說明
a2 a2 cl cl c2 c2 c3 c3 Rcol Rcol Rc，de Rc，de Rc，sel Rc，sel La⑴ La(t) Ra⑴ Ra(I) Rd Rd 1279562 (10) 發明說明續頁 S S Sense 感測器 Data 資料 Vsupply 供給電壓 Address 位址 Ground 地
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12795祕1137131號專利補 q 中文申睛專利範圍替換本(95年9月） 拾、申請麵隱面 1 · 一種修復一平面顯示器内低歐姆缺陷之方法，其特徵為 在一預定時間期間將一額外電流通過平面顯示器受影 響的副區域，該電流為選擇以將至少一缺陷或一至少: 缺，的特定週邊轉為具有比該至少一缺陷的初始^阻 更鬲的一電阻之高毆姆狀態，且該修復電流經由平行切 換或短路陽極或陰極降低顯示器的有效電極電阻連接 驅動器電路來產生。 2. 如申請專利範圍第丨項之方法，其特徵為逐漸增加該電 流由一起始值至一最大值。 3. 如申請專利範圍第丨項之方法，其特徵為該預定期間為 一該顯示器的一線性時間或畫面時間的一分數。 4·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法，其特徵為該顯示器為一 有機或聚合物發光二極體顯示器。 5. 如申请專利範圍第1至5項之方法，具有顯示器的每一線 或陰極及行或陽極的一驅動器，其特徵為該電流係經由 連接一個或多個行驅動器或陽極驅動器或線驅動器或 陰極驅動器至地或供給電壓來產生，因此最大化流經該 受影響像素的電流或電位差。 6. 如申請專利範圍第1，2，3或4項之方法，其係經由改變 類比供給電壓線或類比供給及地電壓線的電位或經由 調整適切資料線及位址線電壓來調整使用以驅動一像 素的一半導體開關的線上電阻以施予主動驅動矩陣顯 示器。 1279562
8· 9. ::利範圍第5項之方法’其特徵為採… :::動器的輪出阻抗或類比供給電麼的輪。 利範圍第6項之方法，其特徵為採用至二 二❹出阻抗或類比供給電麼的輪出阻抗。 選定專利範圍第^，項之方法… 方法。—被自或主動驅動顯示器的生命週期之 1〇_如申請專利範圍第9項之方法，：g：a + ±
利範纟特徵為在使用申請專 ^ m 的’測量該顯示器 或，.肩不器的部份之洩漏電流。 11. -種修復-平面顯示器的低歐姆缺陷之裝置，其特徵在 於:提供-經由控制裝置選定的額外電流以將至二一 缺陷或一至少一缺陷的特定週邊轉為具有比該至少一 缺：的初始電阻更高的一電阻之高歐姆狀態之構件，以 及一以平行切換或短路陽極或陰極降低顯示器的有效 電極電阻之構件。
12. 如申請專利範圍第"項之裝置，其中該控制裝置設定該 預定時間週期。 13.如申請專利範圍第_之裝置，使用於顯示器的每一線 或陰極及行或陽極的一驅動器，其特徵為用以連接一個 或多個行驅動器或陽極驅動器或線驅動器或陰極驅動 器至地或供給電壓之構件。 14·如申請專利範圍第丨丨項之裝置，其特徵在於用以改變一 主動驅動矩陣顯示器内類比供給電壓線或類比供給及 K25188 82784 005606662 -2 - 1279562 MiSWilMiWMIiiWiWWBWg 地電塵線的電位之構件。 15. 如申請專利範圍第U項之褒置，其特徵在於用以採用至 少一個該等驅動器的輸出阻抗或類比供給電壓的輪出 阻抗之構件。 16. 在於提供一由控制梦署μ、联h J在置所選疋的特別電流以將至少〜 缺陷或-至少-缺陷的特定週邊轉為具有比該至少： 缺陷的初始電阻更高的-電阻之高殴姆狀態之構件二 =平行切換或短路陽極或陰極降低顯示二 電極電阻之構件。 力攻
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