TWI251485B - Combination comprising GABA analog and nsaid - Google Patents
Combination comprising GABA analog and nsaid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI251485B TWI251485B TW092130045A TW92130045A TWI251485B TW I251485 B TWI251485 B TW I251485B TW 092130045 A TW092130045 A TW 092130045A TW 92130045 A TW92130045 A TW 92130045A TW I251485 B TWI251485 B TW I251485B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- combination
- gaba
- group
- rats
- doc
- Prior art date
Links
- BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical class NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229940021182 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000036407 pain Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000041 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indomethacin Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2N1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 CGIGDMFJXJATDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960000905 indomethacin Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000616 diflunisal Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- HUPFGZXOMWLGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diflunisal Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(C=2C(=CC(F)=CC=2)F)=C1 HUPFGZXOMWLGNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003692 gamma aminobutyric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- HEFNNWSXXWATRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ibuprofen Chemical compound CC(C)CC1=CC=C(C(C)C(O)=O)C=C1 HEFNNWSXXWATRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- ZBPLOVFIXSTCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromfenac Chemical compound NC1=C(CC(O)=O)C=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 ZBPLOVFIXSTCRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003655 bromfenac Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015114 espresso Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005293 etodolac Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- XFBVBWWRPKNWHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N etodolac Chemical compound C1COC(CC)(CC(O)=O)C2=N[C]3C(CC)=CC=CC3=C21 XFBVBWWRPKNWHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001680 ibuprofen Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- OFPXSFXSNFPTHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxaprozin Chemical compound O1C(CCC(=O)O)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 OFPXSFXSNFPTHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002739 oxaprozin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000894 sulindac Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- MLKXDPUZXIRXEP-MFOYZWKCSA-N sulindac Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(F)=CC=C2\C1=C/C1=CC=C(S(C)=O)C=C1 MLKXDPUZXIRXEP-MFOYZWKCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- RDJGLLICXDHJDY-NSHDSACASA-N (2s)-2-(3-phenoxyphenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](C)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 RDJGLLICXDHJDY-NSHDSACASA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 102100035353 Cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 1 Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 claims 1
- 241000270708 Testudinidae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002260 anti-inflammatory agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940124599 anti-inflammatory drug Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 229960001259 diclofenac Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- DCOPUUMXTXDBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diclofenac Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl DCOPUUMXTXDBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229960001419 fenoprofen Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960002702 piroxicam Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- QYSPLQLAKJAUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N piroxicam Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)N(C)C=1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=N1 QYSPLQLAKJAUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 48
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 45
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 40
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 33
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 25
- 210000001072 colon Anatomy 0.000 description 22
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 21
- NHJVRSWLHSJWIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O NHJVRSWLHSJWIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002158 endotoxin Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229920006008 lipopolysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 15
- AYXYPKUFHZROOJ-ZETCQYMHSA-N pregabalin Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](CN)CC(O)=O AYXYPKUFHZROOJ-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 15
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000112 colonic effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- -1 indigestion Chemical compound 0.000 description 11
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 208000018522 Gastrointestinal disease Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 208000007101 Muscle Cramp Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 10
- BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N morphine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](C=C[C@H]23)O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4O BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 208000009935 visceral pain Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 230000037040 pain threshold Effects 0.000 description 9
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007928 intraperitoneal injection Substances 0.000 description 8
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 7
- 208000000114 Pain Threshold Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 208000029650 alcohol withdrawal Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 208000002551 irritable bowel syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 206010044565 Tremor Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000000436 anus Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 5
- XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-ARSRFYASSA-N dinoprostone Chemical compound CCCCC[C@H](O)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC(=O)[C@@H]1C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-ARSRFYASSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001751 gemstone Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229960005181 morphine Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 206010053164 Alcohol withdrawal syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 4
- UGJMXCAKCUNAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gabapentin Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1(CN)CCCCC1 UGJMXCAKCUNAIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010061172 Gastrointestinal injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000000202 analgesic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229960002986 dinoprostone Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N prostaglandin E2 Natural products CCCCCC(O)C=CC1C(O)CC(=O)C1CC=CCCCC(O)=O XEYBRNLFEZDVAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010087765 Antipain Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000016285 Movement disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- SDNYTAYICBFYFH-TUFLPTIASA-N antipain Chemical compound NC(N)=NCCC[C@@H](C=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SDNYTAYICBFYFH-TUFLPTIASA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000010339 dilation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002567 electromyography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009278 visceral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- AYXYPKUFHZROOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(azaniumylmethyl)-5-methylhexanoate Chemical compound CC(C)CC(CN)CC(O)=O AYXYPKUFHZROOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000007848 Alcoholism Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 208000000094 Chronic Pain Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010009900 Colitis ulcerative Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 208000011231 Crohn disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- QWCKQJZIFLGMSD-GSVOUGTGSA-N D-alpha-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound CC[C@@H](N)C(O)=O QWCKQJZIFLGMSD-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000004232 Enteritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000007882 Gastritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000004547 Hallucinations Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000032843 Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000004454 Hyperalgesia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000035154 Hyperesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- YQEZLKZALYSWHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ketamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(Cl)C=1C1(NC)CCCCC1=O YQEZLKZALYSWHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010050953 Lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010033645 Pancreatitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000008469 Peptic Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 101100008035 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) CUE3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000025865 Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000006704 Ulcerative Colitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000007930 alcohol dependence Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002566 clonic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000010643 digestive system disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- VGVYRHYDNGFIGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumarin Chemical compound OC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CO1 VGVYRHYDNGFIGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000001156 gastric mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 208000009326 ileitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021056 liquid food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001338 necrotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000011906 peptic ulcer disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- GPTFURBXHJWNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N protopine acetate Natural products C1=C2C(=O)CC3=CC=C4OCOC4=C3CN(C)CCC2=CC2=C1OCO2 GPTFURBXHJWNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000000664 rectum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000004415 tendinitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HYVKVSAZCPKHDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[1-(aminomethyl)-3-methylcyclopentyl]acetic acid Chemical compound CC1CCC(CN)(CC(O)=O)C1 HYVKVSAZCPKHDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYKKQQUKJJGFMN-HVDRVSQOSA-N 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol;(2s)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCC(=O)N1.CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O RYKKQQUKJJGFMN-HVDRVSQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYOWAXDWPIYPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 5-[1-hydroxy-2-[1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-ylamino]ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol;(8-methyl-8-propan-2-yl-8-azoniabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl) 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate;bromide;hydrobromide Chemical compound Br.[Br-].C=1C(O)=CC(O)=CC=1C(O)CNC(C)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC(C)[N+]1(C)C(C2)CCC1CC2OC(=O)C(CO)C1=CC=CC=C1 WYOWAXDWPIYPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-FOQJRBATSA-N 59096-14-9 Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1[14C](O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-FOQJRBATSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USSIQXCVUWKGNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(CC(C)N(C)C)(C(=O)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 USSIQXCVUWKGNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- UYIFTLBWAOGQBI-BZDYCCQFSA-N Benzhormovarine Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@@H](C2=CC=3)CC[C@]4([C@H]1CC[C@@H]4O)C)CC2=CC=3OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UYIFTLBWAOGQBI-BZDYCCQFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000020084 Bone disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010006811 Bursitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000007590 Calpain Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010032088 Calpain Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000206575 Chondrus crispus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000019399 Colonic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002965 ELISA Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000218671 Ephedra Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000001613 Gambling Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010017788 Gastric haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010017943 Gastrointestinal conditions Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010018001 Gastrointestinal perforation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000009140 Gnetum buchholzianum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000005569 Gout Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000735398 Haemadipsa sylvestris Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010020565 Hyperaemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoflurane Chemical compound FC(F)OC(Cl)C(F)(F)F PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007472 Leucaena leucocephala Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000131091 Lucanus cervus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000585 Mann–Whitney U test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000422980 Marietta Species 0.000 description 1
- RJQXTJLFIWVMTO-TYNCELHUSA-N Methicillin Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2[C@@H](C(O)=O)C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21 RJQXTJLFIWVMTO-TYNCELHUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000019430 Motor disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028347 Muscle twitching Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010052904 Musculoskeletal stiffness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000002033 Myoclonus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010041349 Somnolence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005392 Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000000683 abdominal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000038016 acute inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006022 acute inflammation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000005298 acute pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940124277 aminobutyric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940035676 analgesics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000730 antalgic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000573 anti-seizure effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010397 anxiety-related behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010003246 arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009227 behaviour therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001574 biopsy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940057857 capsin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JBFKSLZFABCEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N capsin Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(C)(O1)C2CCC3(CO)C2C(O)CC4C5(C)CCC(OC6OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C6O)C(C)(C)C5CCC34C JBFKSLZFABCEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007963 capsule composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004534 cecum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010009887 colitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008260 defense mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N dexamethasone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]2(C)[C@]2(F)[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@@H](C)[C@@](C(=O)CO)(O)[C@@]1(C)C[C@@H]2O UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003957 dexamethasone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000245 forearm Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001061 forehead Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002870 gabapentin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000021302 gastroesophageal reflux disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000018685 gastrointestinal system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009610 hypersensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000027866 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003978 infusion fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000028774 intestinal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002725 isoflurane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010978 jasper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003299 ketamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011866 long-term treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003141 lower extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003464 mefenamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HYYBABOKPJLUIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N mefenamic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(NC=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)=C1C HYYBABOKPJLUIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBOPZPXVLCULAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesalamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 KBOPZPXVLCULAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004963 mesalazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001797 methadone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003085 meticillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000004296 neuralgia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000021722 neuropathic pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001543 one-way ANOVA Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007427 paired t-test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003182 parenteral nutrition solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008024 pharmaceutical diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124531 pharmaceutical excipient Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940069328 povidone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001233 pregabalin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000037920 primary disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002271 resection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003938 response to stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940125723 sedative agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036269 ulceration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011870 unpaired t-test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/42—Oxazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
- A61K31/403—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
- A61K31/404—Indoles, e.g. pindolol
- A61K31/405—Indole-alkanecarboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. tryptophan, indomethacin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/54—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/60—Salicylic acid; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/30—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abuse or dependence
- A61P25/32—Alcohol-abuse
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Addiction (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Indole Compounds (AREA)
Description
1251485 玖、發明說明: 【技術領域】 本發明係關於一種以給予r _胺基丁酸(GABA)類似物於 預防如野潰療的内臟和腸w損傷,及治療腸胃疾病如發炎 性腸失調(IBD)、功能性腸失調(FBD),包括消化不良,和 其它内臟疼痛的方法。 【先前技術】 非固醇類消炎藥(NSAID)是最常用於治療伴隨有骨關節 火和许多其它肌與骨及發炎性失調疼痛之處方藥。在美 國大、、’^母年有彳思張處方是用以提供有效之疼痛舒解及 炎症治療。常用的NSAID包括蘇林戴克(sulindac)、拿玻辛 (napr〇Xen)、引朵美撒辛(indomethacin)、門芬拿酸 (mefenamic acid)、戴克羅芬拿克(diCl〇fenac)、芬諾普芬 (fen〇profen)及戴夫尼梭(diflunisal)。 然而,相當多的證據顯示NSAID類藥物有頻繁的、嚴重 的及高昂的腸胃道毒性副作用,包括輕度消化不良、胃炎、 汚。、瘍以及更嚴重的腸胃併發症,如出血或穿孔,造成 明顯<病症,及在較少的情況下造成死亡。僅次於原發疾 病及其併發症,使用NSAID造成之嚴重腸胃併發症與結缔 、、且、哉疾病亦對病患有生命有危險。類似的腸胃損傷係由攝 取酒精所造成的。事實上,當長期酒精攝取北被終止時, 系會發生戒酒症候群的情況。除了腸胃損傷之外此症候群 苇k成發抖、焦慮、抽筋、幻覺及困惑。 /、i系見的腸胃疾病包括發炎性腸失調(IBD)及功能性
O:\88\88687.DOC 1251485 腸失調(FBD), 前僅能適當控 包括消化不良。此類腸胃疾病廣泛地包括目 則僅犯適§控制的疾病包含克隆氏症如迴腸炎、絕血性腸 頰、潰瘍性結腸炎及發炎性腸失調如腸過敏症候群、消化 不良與功能性腸失調之胃_食道逆流,和其它形式的内臟疼 r-胺基丁酸已證實可刺激胃導入神經,其與胃防禦機轉 有關。現在吾人已發現GABA類似物可明顯地減低由藥物及 酒精造成之腸胃損傷。該GABA類似物亦可治療戒酒症候群 及發炎興腸失調和發炎性腸症候群類的腸胃疾病。根據本 與酒精中毒,需要 發明以預防腸胃損傷及治療IBD、IBS、 給予須治療的病患有效量的GABA衍生物。 數種GABA類似物係已知的。蓋巴盤素(gabapentin),一 種環狀的GABA類似物,目前為市售且廣泛地用於臨床治 療癲癇及神經病痛。該類化合物見於美國專利4,〇24,175 中。其它用作抗發作劑的GABA類似物系列,亦見於美國 專利 5,563,175 中。 【發明内容】 本發明提供一種用於預防及治療腸胃損傷和疾病的方 法’包括給予須治療之病患有效量之GABA類似物。較佳之 具體實例使用一種式I之環狀胺基酸化合物
O:\8S\88687.DOC 1251485 其中Ri為氫或低碳數燒基,且η為由4至6的整數,及其醫 * 藥可接受鹽類。一種使用式;[化合物的特佳具體實例為其中 、 Ri是氫,且η是5,該化合物為1-(胺甲基)_環己烷乙酸,一 般稱為蓋巴盤素。其它較佳的GABΑ類似物則是在式I之環 上取代以烷基如甲基或乙基。典型的化合物包括(1_胺甲基 甲基J衣己基)乙故、(1-胺甲基_3-甲基環戊基)乙酸,及(ι_ 胺甲基-3,4-二甲基環戊基)乙酸。 在其它具體實例中,本發明之方法使用式Π之GABA類似
又1 h2nchcch?cooh π 物或其醫藥可接受鹽類,其中Rl為帶1至6碳之直鏈或分 支fe基、苯基,或帶3至6破的環燒基;r2為氫或甲基;且 R3為氫、甲基或羧基。 本發明可使用式II的化合物之非鏡像異構物及鏡像異構 物。 本發明之一種特佳方法為使用一種式π化合物,其h和 均為氫,且R^-(CH2)〇_2-iC4H9 作為(R)、⑻,或(R,S)異 構物。 本發明之一種更佳具體實例使用3_胺甲基_5_甲基-己 酸,及特別地(S)-3-(胺甲基)_5_甲基己酸,一般稱為前蓋巴 素(Pregabalin)及Cl -1 008。另一種較佳的化合物為3_( 1 -胺甲 基)-5-甲基己酸。
O:\S8\88687.DOC !251485 本發明另挺供-種組合物’其包含可消炎量的nsaid及 可保護細胞量之GABA類似物。 如上所述,本發明之方法利用任何GabA類似物。gaba 類似物係指任何祕或衍生自胺基丁酸之化合物。該類 :合物係已備便,無論市售的或是已知於嫻熟有機化學技 藝者的方法合成。本發明方法中所使用之較佳gaba類似物 為式!之環狀胺基酸。其見於美國專利4,〇24,175中,在此列 為參考資料。另-較佳的方法利用式狀㈣八類似物,其 見於美國專利5,563,丨75中並在此列為參考資料。 用本發明之方法預防及治療腸胃損傷及疾病須要施用 GABA類似物,其量須足以預防或治療該損傷情況,亦即對 抗nSAID或酒精的影響,或控制IBD及。本發明包括一 種治療戒酒症候群及-般酒精中毒的方法。所使用gaba 類似物的有效量一般為病患體重之每公斤約1至3〇〇毫克。 典型劑量為具正常體重之成年病患每天約1Q到测毫克。 因NSAID造成之典型"腸胃損傷,,情況,包括消化不良、 胃炎、消化性潰瘍’以及下腸胃道出血與穿孔。戒酒症候 群之進一步效應包括發抖、焦慮、及抽筋。典型之ibd情況 包括迴腸炎、潰瘍性結腸炎及克隆氏症。 本發明化合物之醫藥組合物或其鹽類,係以有效成份於 劑量單位形式中加醫藥载劑調製而成。劑量單位形式的例 子有鍵劑、膠囊、藥丸、粉劑、水溶性或非㈣性溶液和 懸浮液,及非經腸道溶液,其包裝於容器中,含有一或大
O:\88\88687.DOC !251485 量之劑量單位並可分裝入各別劑量中。適合的醫藥載劑, 包括醫藥稀釋劑,有明膠膠囊;糖如乳糖和蔗糖;澱粉如 玉米澱粉和馬鈐薯澱粉·,纖維素衍生物如縮甲機纖維素 鈉、乙基纖維素、甲基纖維素,及汰酸纖維素乙酯;明膠; 滑石粉;硬脂酸;硬脂酸鎂;蔬菜油如花生油、棉籽油、 芝麻油、橄欖油、玉米油及可可油;丙二醇、甘油、山梨 醇,聚乙二醇;水;洋菜膠;褐藻酸;生理食鹽水和磷酸 緩衝液;以及其它一般用於醫藥處方中相容性物質。本發 明之組合物亦含有其它成份如色素、香料,及/或防腐劑。 若有使用該類材料,均是相當少量的。若有需要,該組合 物亦可含有其它治療成份。用於對抗nsaid類藥物所造成 的腸胃影響時,該GABA類似物可單獨以單位劑量形式施 用,或與NSAID —起給特定病患使用。 W述組合物中有效成份百分比可大範圍地變化,但在實 用的目的上,其較佳為在固態組合物中至少佔1〇%濃度, 及原始液態組合物中至少2%濃度。最佳組合物為其中之有 效成份以高比例存在,如由重量之10%至90〇/〇。 化合物或其鹽類之施用途徑為口服或非經腸道的方式。 例如,有效之靜脈注射劑量為介於5到5 0毫克,而有效之口 月^训里為介於2〇到8〇〇毫克。劑量規定係用於用在治療如潰 靥及IBS等腸胃疾病的用量範圍内,或由醫師依病患須要而 指定。 用於本發明中之GABA類似物單位劑量形式亦可含其它 對腸胃疾病治療有效的化合物。
O:\88\8S687.DOC -10- 1251485 在本發明中使用式I和式II化合物,特別是蓋巴盤素和前 蓋巴素的好處包括該化合物相對的無毒性、製備容易、化 合物耐受性佳,及易於以靜脈注重和口服的方式投藥。 在此之受試者為哺乳類動物包括人類。 本發明亦提供一種含有NS AID及GAB A類似物之組合 物。NSAID係以消炎所需的量存在,較佳低於一般用量, 而GABA類似物係以保護細胞所需的量存在,亦即其用量可 有效保護或減輕因NS AID造成之腸胃損傷。一般而言, NSAID之劑量為10到500毫克,而GABA類似物之劑量為1 到1500毫克。根據本發明,任何NSAID均可與任何GABA 類似物一起使用。較佳被使用的GABA類似物為式I及式II 化合物,特別是蓋巴盤素及前蓋巴素。較佳使用於組合物 中的NSAID類藥物包括蘇林戴克、拿玻辛、引朵美撒辛、 門芬拿酸、戴克羅芬拿克、芬諾普芬、戴夫尼梭、艾脫梭 克(etodolac)、易若普芬(ibuprofen)、派若辛坎(piroxican)、 乙驢水楊酸、奥撒普辛(oxaprozin)及布芬克(bromfenac)。 多數可使用之NSAID類藥物為市售的,一般為如#5、鈉或 鉀等鹽類,例如芬諾普芬鈣及布芬克鈉。特佳的組合包括 前蓋巴素或蓋巴盤素與拿玻辛鈉或易若普芬。該類組合物 可含有如上所述之醫藥賦形劑。 根據本發明,GABA類似物治療腸胃損傷的能力已建立於 數種謗發有腸胃損傷及酒精中毒的動物模式中。 實例1 蓋巴盤素於動物中被評估,以決定其預防因引朵美撤辛 O:\88\88687.DOC -11 - 1251485 造成之胃損害的能力。 雄性史撥克-多利大鼠(Spraque-Dawley rats),體重 240〜250克’於實驗前禁食%小時,但可自由喝水。所有試 驗藥物均由胃内給予。大鼠以劑量4〇〜6〇毫克之不同_ 先處理。3〇分鐘後給予引朵美撤辛(25毫克/公斤)。另一組 大^則分兩次各間隔3小時給予1〇毫克之蓋巴盤素,接著再 、予引朵美撤辛。在給予引朵美撤辛3小時後,犧牲大鼠並 #估同抽*。損害評估係以計#可見損害區域(平方毫米) 來決定。 結果 1·引朵美撒辛造成嚴重的胃出血受損;計算損害區域為 42_6±5·2平方毫米(平均,土平均標準偏差)。 2·盖巴盤素前處理可明顯減輕引朵美撒辛引起之胃傷 告。不同劑量蓋巴盤素前處理後引朵美撒辛引起之胃損害 計為:40毫克為22·3±2·8平方毫米,6〇毫克/公斤為ΐ6·52·2 平方笔米,及10毫克分兩次為4 2±0 39平方毫米。 3 · I巴叙素别處理亦可大幅減輕胃出血。前述資料見於 圖1 ’其中第一個長條為對照組(僅以引朵美撒辛處理之動 物)第一個長條為一次給予40毫克蓋巴盤素之動物;第三 個長條為一次給予6〇毫克蓋巴盤素之動物;第四個長條為 分二次給予1〇毫克蓋巴盤素之動物。 實例2 為測疋蓋巴盤素對酒精引起之胃損害的影響,大鼠先以 70%酒精(ν/ν)處理,接著再分別給予4〇及6〇克蓋巴盤素。
O:\8S\88687.DOC -12- 1251485 巴盤素分二次間隔三小時作前處 30分鐘後犧牲所有大鼠並評估胃 另一組大鼠則用2〇毫克蓋 理’接著再以酒精處理。 損傷。 結果 1··酒精會引起明顯的胃損傷。受損的區域計有41.9土 3.7平方毫米。 I巴‘素削處理可明顯減輕酒精引起之胃傷害。以2 〇 毫克劑量蓋巴盤素前處理2次,受損區域計有21 土 〇·3平方 耄米,以40毫克及6〇毫克蓋巴盤素前處理,受損區域分別 為24·4 土 3·5平方氅米及18·7±2·2平方毫米。 實例3 下列在大鼠上進行的試驗係用來進一步建立蓋巴盤素及 岫盍巴素在減輕NS AID類藥物造成之胃損傷的能力。 動物: 雄性CD—史撥克-多利大鼠(132-202克)豢養於控制溫度、 濕度及12小時光照/黑暗循環期的屋内。動物適應4至$天 後’禁食24小時,接著進行下列研究。 給予GABA類似物及引朵美撒辛·· 蓋巴盤素或莉i巴素(Ci-i〇〇8)溶於水中,並以口服方式 給予下列劑量:在1毫升中有1、10、1〇〇及2〇〇毫克/公斤。 對組動物則給丁等f的載劑(1毫升水)。6 〇分鐘後,所有 動物接受1毫升溶於5%水溶性碳酸氫鈉(80毫克/公斤)之引 朵美撒辛溶液。對照組動物則口服給予1毫升之5%水溶性 碳酸氫納。實驗分組如下: O:\88\88687.DOC 13 1251485 組別 前處理 損傷別 第1組 水 無(碳酸氫鈉) 第2組 水 引朵美撒辛80毫克/公斤 第3組 蓋巴盤素1毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛80毫克/公斤 第4組 蓋巴盤素10毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛80毫克/公斤 第5組 蓋巴盤素100毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛80毫克/公斤 第6組 蓋巴盤素200毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛80毫克/公斤 第7組 前蓋巴素1毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛80毫克/公斤 第8組 前蓋巴素10毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛80毫克/公斤 第9組 前蓋巴素100毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛80毫克/公斤 第10組 前蓋巴素200毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛80毫克/公斤 影響分析: 因引朵美撒辛造成的損傷係與抑制環氧鎢產物前列腺素 E2(PGE2)有關。動物於引朵美撒辛處理4小時後以斬首的方 式犧牲。移出其胃並沿胃大彎打開,將其影像數位化後以 配備有CUE3系統影像分析軟體(Olympus Corp·,Marietta, Georgia,US A)之電腦儲存至光碟片中。在胃腺區每側固定 之胃黏膜上取2組6平方毫米的生體切片,並以市售之 ELISA試劑組(Assay Designs Inc·,Ann Arbor,Michigan, US A)測定其PGE2含量。胃損傷則由儲存之電子影像以 CUE3影像軟體測定。資料以胃區域比例及PGE2含量(pg/ml) 表示。資料如下表1所示。 O:\88\S8687 DOC -14- 1251485 表1
百分比PGE2合成(pg/ml) 〇. 〇〇±0. 〇〇* 9525. 27土 __ 156.00* 1908·03±72·31 1783.66±73.47 3605.78±137·19 2997.90±226.80 2615.74土165.36 1209. 95±105. 50 2666.16土307.45 3994.45±318.95 3288.45土407.43 5·56±〇.48 2. 99±〇.46 3·96±〇.35 1.87±〇,;ι 1.43±〇.4〇 8·〇7±2.19 4.〇7±〇.42 1. 99±〇. 25木 0· 34±0. 06氺
引朵美撒辛+載劑 NA 引朵美撒辛+蓋巴盤素1毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛+蓋巴盤素10毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛+蓋巴盤素100毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛+蓋巴盤素200毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛+CM008 1毫克/公斤 10 10 引朵美撒辛+CI-1008 10毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛+CI-1008 100毫克/公斤 引朵美撒辛+CI-1008 200毫克 數值為平均值土標準差 木Ρ<0· 05係基於Kruskal-Wallis單向變異分析j)unn’s 及與引朵美撒辛組比較。 盍巴盤素及CI-1 008均可減輕由引朵美撒辛引起之胃損 傷,其中CI-1008於100及200毫克/公斤劑量時,達到統計學 上明顯的程度。 如同預期的,由引朵美撒辛引起之胃損傷,與明顯抑制 環氧錄產物PGE2有關。蓋巴盤素及CI-1008在任何劑量下均 無法明顯改變此效應。由此資料可推測CI-1008明顯減輕引 木美撒辛引起的胃損傷與該GABA類似物對環氧錄影響無 關。 前述資料確立如蓋巴盤素及前蓋巴素之GAB A類似物可 有效預防由攝取酒精或NS AID類似物所引起的胃損傷,如 胃損害、消化性潰瘍,甚至下腸胃道出血。該GABA類似物 亦可治療戒酒之效應,其症狀為發抖、幻覺、困惑及一般 腸胃失調如IBD及IBS。 下列試驗確立GAB A類似物可有效治療戒酒症候群。 O:\88\88687.DOC -15- 1251485 實例4 所有研究均使用雄性TO系白化鼠(Bantin and Kingman, UK)。體重範圍由25至35克,但任何單一實驗中之體重變化 不超過5克。鼠以一籠8隻豢養於2rC ± rc、55± 1〇%相對 濕度及09:00至21:00光照之12小時光照/黑暗循環期中。所 有鼠均給予水及標準實驗室飼料(PH,Special Diet Services,UK),直到用於實驗前或換以液態食物前。 生理依賴性謗發 在液態食物内給予酒精。所有鼠均在開始的兩天期間受 到飲食控制。酒精處理鼠接著接受2天含3·5%(ν/ν)酒精/水 的飲食,接著5天含7%酒精的食物。平均攝取量為22到3〇 克/公斤/天。對照組則成對餵食對照食物,熱量平衡以與含 /、酉知食物相符。在處理期間酒精處理鼠與對照組鼠的體重 並無差異。當停止供應酒精給鼠時(在〇7:〇〇趟及〇9:〇〇細 之間)’則提供水給鼠,直到實驗時。 藥物治療 蓋巴盤素溶於生理食鹽水中,該溶液每天新鮮配製。在 斷純酒精處理以研究操作反應時,及測量聽覺性發作2小時 前,立即於腹腔内注射10毫升/公斤之蓋巴盤素,或生理食 鹽水。在使用標準架高正迷宮的實驗中,i巴盤素或生理 食鹽水於移除酒精食物8小時後注射在腹腔内,並於注射6〇 分鐘後將鼠置於該正迷宮内。在運動協調(運動失調症)及行 動活力研究中,蓋巴盤辛或4 ?田人^ 、 ” < 里$燄水是在試驗前即注射 於未以酒精銀食的+窟。對遗舌 玄队對運動失碉症測量60分鐘,而對
O:\88\88687.DOC -16- 1251485 行動活力則測量3 0分鐘。 操作謗發行為測量 在09:00AM移除酒精處理後,由相同試驗者在相同鼠上 於酒精移除後12小時内,每小時評估操作誘發行為的等 級。量化評估標準列於表2。 表2 __溫和操作時的行為等級_ 1.舉起及轉向時輕微顫抖。 2·舉起及轉向時連續嚴重顫抖。 3.舉起時前肢伸肌陣攣性痙攣。 4·舉起時前肢伸肌陣攣性痙攣,將鼠置於籠頂後依然持續。 _5·自發性肌陣攣後同4之症狀。 _ 每隻鼠均由尾部輕輕提起30公分,並在裝有60瓦燈泡之π 角姿態燈”下維持3秒鐘。將動物輕輕轉動,確保其行為等 級介於表2標準之1至5的範圍中。每組處理組使用1 5隻老 鼠,所得資料計算平均數及千分位數範圍。資料亦於移除 酒精處理4及12小時時以曲線下區域方式表示。結果示於圖 1。 聽覺性發作謗發 在酒精移除後8及12小時,對10隻分組鼠測試其聲音謗 發性抽筋之敏感度。鼠各別於一 30x3 0x30公分之内含電 子鐘的隔音塑膠盒中試驗。鈐響2分鐘或直到第一次抽筋症 候群出現。計算正常跑及陣攣性抽筋鼠得數目。當鼠出現 完全抽筋時則予以人道犧牲。 焦慮相關行為 鼠於7:00AM時被移除含酒精食物,並在8小時後於鼠用 高架正迷宮分枝試驗焦慮相關行為。該迷宮由透明塑膠組 O:\88\88687.DOC -17- 1251485 成,含有2個相對的開放式分枝(30x0x0.25公分)及2個相對 封閉式分枝(30x5x15公分),由中央平台(5x5公分)延伸而 出。其地板為暗黑塑膠。動物於進行試驗前先於測試房中 適應1小時。實驗於暗紅光下由不知先前處理過程的觀察者 進行,且每個5分鐘的試驗期間均以錄影帶記錄後供連續分 析。在該分析中(Observer 3.0,Noidus Information Technology,Wageningen,Netherlands),測量在迷宮中白勺每 個分枝所花的時間,進入每個分枝的次數,以及後退活力。 測量係依據表3中之定義進行。 表3 南架正迷宮的行為測試 ♦分枝進入=所有的四個腳掌均在封閉或開放的分枝中。 探頭在開放式分枝側上朝向地板作探究性頭/肩前移動作。 _ “保護性探頭在封閉式分枝側上朝向地板作探究性頭/肩前移動作。 鲁“伸展注意姿勢探究性低軀體姿態,鼠向前伸展後退回原位置,不相前移動 運動失調之測量 蓋巴盤素的運動失調效果於對照組動物(即未以酒精處 理)以旋轉法研究。鼠被置於每分鐘4.5轉旋轉之桿上,測量 其停留於桿上的時間。所有試驗均以1 80秒為界限值,在藥 物注射前,所有鼠在旋轉桿上測試以確保其可停在桿上1 80 秒(少數無法做到者則被排除於研究之外)。在立即給予測試 藥物後,以10分鐘為間隔,測試60分鐘。每群處分組使用8 隻鼠。 行動活力 O:\88\88687.DOC -18- 1251485 ,蓋巴盤素於對照組動物的效果用來測試行動能力,以決 疋該效果於酒精移除研究中的選擇性。以蓋巴盤素溶液或 生理食鹽水注射的的鼠’立即被置衫紅外線光束穿越的 活力測試箱中。接下來的3〇分鐘内每5分鐘測量紅外線光束 被打斷的次數。後退活力係以置於蘢子地板上方从分處相 類似的紅外線光世裝置測量。 統計分析 操做反應等級的結果以設計在同—隻動物上反覆測量的 無參數雙向變異分析作比較。曲線計算下的面積結果以曼_ 惠特尼u-測試(Main_Whitney❿如)作比較。抽筋發生率以 費雪嚴謹或然率測試分析。由高架正迷宮所得之測量結 果,代入單向變異分析,在以波諾芬若尼(B〇nuferr〇ni)多重 車乂 d 4刀析,將所有試驗組與受到生理食鹽水注射的對 <、、、’’且比較,亦比較接受蓋巴盤素的酒精處理组及接受生理 食鹽水的酒精處理、组。運動失調的測量則以曼_惠特尼U測 試分析,而行動活力則以司徒登t_測試(student,s t-㈣分 析0 結果 操作反應 對酒&處理組移除酒精後’在溫和操作反應之行為等級 中頭不出預自的增加。在12小時測試其的結果(Ρ<0·001)比 車乂時I巴盔素(Gp)100毫克/公斤(圖2a)明顯地降低該增加 等及汶J夏盍巴盤素的效果顯示出可顯著降低操作分數4 小時。忒時間因而用於後續分析中,以用來檢定該藥之每
O:\88\88687.DOC -19- 1251485 種劑量的操作曲線下的面積。較低劑量蓋巴盤素的效果在 1 2小時測試期間並不明顯,但當計算研究頭4小時時之曲線 下面積時,可在20及50毫克/公斤劑量上(ρ<〇·〇5)看到如100 毫克/公斤劑量(Ρ<〇·〇1)的顯著效果。 聽覺性發作 在8小時時間間隔中,50及100毫克/公斤蓋巴盤素可減少 聽覺刺激後的抽筋頻率,其中1 〇〇毫克/公斤達到統計意義 (ρ<0.05)。較低劑量時並無效果。在酒精處理組結束後第12 小時,任何測試劑量均無影響(資料所示)。 表4 測試酒精移除後8小時,蓋巴盤素對聽覺性抽筋的影響 長期處理 急性注射 陣攣性抽筋的比例 對照組食物 生理食鹽水 0 含酒精食物 生理食鹽水 80#ρ<〇. 05c. f.對照組/生理食鹽水組 含酒精食物 蓋巴盤素5毫克/公斤 92 含酒精食物 蓋巴盤素20毫克/公斤 70 含酒精食物 蓋巴盤素50毫克/公斤 40 含酒精食物 蓋巴盤素100毫克/公斤 30*p<0. 05c. f.酒精組/生理食鹽水組 高架正迷宮 在此測試中,酒精移除的最顯著影響為花在迷宮開放式 分枝的時間比例減少(圖3a F(4,50) = 5.12, ρ<0·002)。蓋巴盤 素則在50及100毫克/公斤時均能減少該影響。在兩例中與 給予生理食鹽水組比較,劑量50毫克/公斤的ρ值為ρ<〇.〇5, 而劑量100毫克/公斤的Ρ值為Ρ<〇·〇1。 遭受酒精移除的鼠,在由封閉性分枝中探頭(保護性探頭) O:\88\88687.DOC -20- 1251485 動作方面亦顯示有意義的增加。該影響會由1〇〇毫克/公斤 盍巴盤素有意義地降低(與生理食鹽水組比較時ρ<〇 〇ι),如 圖3b所示(F(4,50)=6.53, P<0_001)。在對照組動物中1〇〇毫克 /公斤蓋巴盤素有意義地降低保護性探頭的次數(與給予生 理食鹽水後的對照組比較時".G5)㈣,對照組動物在接 受該劑量蓋巴盤素後,在開放式分枝的平均時間增加,但 並未與給予給予生理食鹽水後的對照組有意義的差別。 實例5 L P S -結腸過敏分析 孩GABA類似物亦被評估其控制及治療如mD和類腸 胃疾病。評估GABA類似物所用的分析,係在大鼠上測試該 化合物對脂多醣引起的直腸異常的影響。腹腔内注射内毒 素脂多醣(LPS)已知可在本體疼痛才莫 < 中謗發長期痛覺過 敏。下列由LPS-結腸過敏分析係設計來評估實驗性直腸腫 大模式中,腹腔内注射LPS對内臟疼痛閥值的影響。 準備動物
對體重250到3 50克的溫斯達(〜以叫大鼠根據標準技術 施以手術做肌電圖測試。以腹腔内注射〇6毫克/公斤的阿塞 玻邁辛(acerpromazine)及12〇毫克/公斤的凱它命(Ketamin, Imalg_ 1000, Rhone_Merieux,Ly〇n,〜⑽)麻醉大鼠。將 兩組4個鎳絡線電極(6〇公分長,直徑8〇微米)植入腹股溝韌 π上方之兩侧腹外斜肌肉内。電極露於頸背以外,並由貼 於皮膚上的玻璃管保護。動物個別養於聚乙烯籠中,並保 持空調於21 °C。動物可自由喝水及進食(UAR O:\88\88687.DOC -21 - 1251485
Epinay, France) 〇 肌電圖記錄 手術後5天開始肌電圖記錄。腹斜肌的電活動以腦波儀 (Mmi VIII,Alvar,Paris,France)記錄,其使用短時間常數 (0.03秒)以去除低頻訊號(<3赫茲),送紙速率為3·6公分/分 鐘0 氣球擴張程序 鼠被置於塑膠隧道中(直徑6公分,長25公分),無法移 動、逃跑、或轉向,以防止氣球損傷。為了將實驗進行的 壓力反應降低到最低,鼠在做直腸擴張術(RD)之前3或4天 内先使其熟悉該程序。使用兩項標準判定動物以適應該塑 膠隨逍:⑴行為構成要素:每5分鐘内動物不超過―次試圖 逃跑或轉向,⑺腹«本活^在無擴張情形下,每$分鐘 内腹紋肌顯示不超過5次的收縮。用來擴張的氣球為動脈检 切除術用導管(FGgarty,Edward Maries,k,以偷 Ana’ US A)。直腸擴張術的進行,係時氣球 (直徑2毫米’長2公分)插入直腸中,離肛門1公分處,固 於尾部。氣球以每次〇·4毫升,由。到“毫升漸進膨 二階段膨脹時間持續5分鐘。為了檢測可能的滲漏,打 入虱球中的水在擴張結束後以針筒抽出檢查。 實驗計劃 張在L:個實驗系列中,使用8隻-组的大鼠於漸進直腸擴 載:Λ前已用劑量3G及1GG毫克/公斤的蓋巴盤素或其 載(氟化鈉水溶液)以腹腔内注射處理。
O:\88\88687.DOC •22- 1251485 在第二個實驗中,同組的8隻大鼠於直腸擴張對照實驗後 1小時,接受腹腔内注射脂多酿(大腸桿菌’血清類型 0111 :B4)或其載劑,其劑量為1毫克/公斤。而後,直腸擴張 術在LPS注射後12小時進行,並在30分鐘時由腹腔内給予蓋 巴盤素(30毫克/公斤)或其載劑(0·3毫升/大鼠)° 藥物 LPS溶於生理食鹽水中(9%氯化鈉水溶液)。腹腔内注射載 劑的量為 〇·3 毫升。LPS 是向 Sigma-Aldrich(St· Quentin Fallavier,France)購置。 統計分析 在直腸擴張術過程中每5分鐘發生腹收縮次數的統計分 析,係以ANOVA與史都敦(Student’s)配對t-測試進行。數值 以平均士SEM表示。當ρ<〇·〇5時的差異表現視為有意義。 結果示於表5及6,顯示蓋巴盤素可有效減輕如IBS之下腸 胃道疾病。 表5 蓋巴盤素對由直腸擴張術引起之腹部反應的效果(每5分鐘腹部收縮次數;平均 土SEM,η二7-8,*ρ<0·05,*p<0.01,有意義地與載劑不同;減輕對載劑的n%) 擴張體積 載劑 (0. 3毫升/大 鼠) 蓋巴盤素 (30毫克/公斤) 載劑 (0. 3毫升/大 鼠) 蓋巴盤素 (100毫克/公 斤) 0. 4mL 4.4±1·6 5·0±2·1 3·9±1·8 2.0±1.4 0. 8mL 19·1±2·8 10. 6土3.4木木 (-45%) 19·6±2·3 7. 6 ±3. 4木木 (-61.2%) 1.2mL 23.4±2·6 16.1±2.3 木 (-31.2%) 19.1±2·3 16.7±2.9
O:\88\88687.DOC 23 1251485 表6 蓋巴盤素對由LPS引起之延遲(12小時)異常的效果(每5分鐘腹部收縮次數;平均 土SEM,n=7-8,*p<0.01,有意義地與”LPS/載劑”值不同;減輕對”LPS/載劑”的 η%) 擴張體積 LPS(1毫克/公斤) LPS(1毫克/公斤) + + 載劑(0.3毫升/大鼠) 蓋巴盤素(3.0毫克/公斤) 0. 4mL 9·7±1·0 0·7±0·5(-92.8%) 0. 8mL 11·7±1·2 11.9±0.8 1.2mL 23.5±2.62 16.3土3.2 前述實驗是以GABA類似物,在0.4及0.8毫升擴張體積時 3 0毫克/公斤前蓋巴素可減少抽搐的次數。在直腸擴張前 120分鐘注射10及30毫克/公斤前蓋巴素,與所有擴張體積 所得的結果相似。給予LPS12小時後,在擴張體積0.4毫升 下,腹部收縮次數增加(9.7±1.0對3.7±1.0)。當動物在直腸 擴張術前30分鐘街頭30毫克/公斤前蓋巴素時,前述效果會 被抑制(1.8±0.9對9.7 ±1.0)。這些結果建立了前蓋巴素可在 大鼠上有效減輕其基本直腸敏感度及有效阻斷LPS引起之 直腸異常。 實例6 TNBS引起之異常 GABA類似物亦被評估在有三硝苯磺酸(TNBS)引起之慢 性内臟異常鼠上的功效。注射TNBS在動物結腸内已發現慢 O:\88\88687.DOC -24- 1251485 性結腸炎。在人身上,消化性疾病長伴隨内臟疼痛。在病 理方面,内臟疼痛的閥值下降,顯示出内臟過敏。因此, 在研究的設計著眼於在結腸擴張實驗模式中,TNBS注射於 結腸中對内臟疼痛閥值的效果評估。 本研究用體重340至400克的雄性史撥克·多利大鼠。動物 以3隻一籠豢養於調節環境中(20±1°C,溼度50±5%,光月g 時間8:00AM到8:00PM)。在麻醉狀態下(凱它命8〇毫克/公斤 腹腔内注射;阿塞玻邁辛12毫克/公斤腹腔内注射),將 TNBS(50)或生理食鹽水(1.5毫克/公斤)注入近端結腸中(距 離盲腸1公分)。手術後,動物個別養於調節環境中。 將氣球導管(5_6公分長)經肛門插入結腸中,並將其貼於 尾基部上以固定位置(氣球尖端距肛門5公分)。氣球以每次5 毫米汞柱壓力由〇到75毫米汞柱漸次膨脹,每次膨脹停留用 30秒。每個杰腸擴張循環以標準氣呀狀態控制。閥值係相 對於造成第一次腹部收縮的壓力,此時停止擴張循環。在 同一隻動物上進行4次擴張循環以求得結腸閥值。 在第個系列的實驗中,以生理食鹽水處理的§隻一組的 老鼠’被進行結腸擴張。 在第二個系列的實驗中,以TNBS處理的8隻一組的老 鼠,被進行結腸擴張。 在第三個系列的實驗中,以TNBS處理的8隻一組的老 鼠,在結腸擴張循環前30分鐘接受蓋巴盤素或CI_1〇〇8皮下 注射。 所有的試驗化合物,除了 TNBS外’均溶於生理食鹽水
O:\88\88687.DOC -25 - 1251485 t。TNBS則溶於30%酒精(w/v)中。皮下注射載劑的量為2 毫克/公斤。 各組間的統計意義〃單向AN〇VA與史都敦非配對卜測試 測定。p<0.05時的差異被認為統計上有意義。 遠端結腸擴張後的疼痛閥值(擴張引發第一次收縮的壓 力)’在第7天以2組清醒的大鼠測定:對照組動物及丁聰 處理動物。在TNBS處理動物上可觀察到疼痛閥值有意義的 降低。發炎參數(結腸重量、充血及壞死面積,及結腸髓過 氧化鎳含量)在TNBS處理第7天於近端結腸中測定。所有參 數,除了壞死面積外,均有意義的增加。 在結腸擴張及發炎參數測定前3〇分鐘給予蓋巴盤素 (100、300、及500毫克/公斤皮下注射)及CI-i〇〇8二〇、 100及200毫克/公斤皮下注射)。蓋巴盤素以劑量相關方式抑 制TNBS引起之結腸之異常。在毫克/公斤皮下注射時, 蓋巴盤素可完全阻斷TNBS對結腸疼痛的效果。α_ι〇〇8亦 顯示有劑量相關抑制疼痛閥值下降的效果。在1〇〇毫克/公 斤時CI-1008可完全抑制TNBS引起的異常。嗎啡可完全抑 制結腸擴張後,丁NBS引起之疼痛閥值下降(圖4)。相反的, 盍巴盤素或CM 008皆無法抑制這些實驗,TNBS的結腸發 炎效果。 在正常條件中(對照組動物),嗎啡(〇·3毫克/公斤皮下注 射)有意義地增加結腸疼痛閥值··然而在相同條件下,蓋巴 盤素(500毫克/公斤皮下注射),或(:1_1〇〇8(2〇〇毫克/公斤皮下 >王射)皆無法改變結腸疼痛閥值(圖5)。結果示於表7及表8。
O:\88\8S687.DOC -26- 1251485 表7 在大鼠中,CI-1008、蓋巴盤素,及嗎啡對TNBS引起之慢性結腸異常的效果 處理 結腸閥值 (毫米汞柱) SEM η Ρ 對照組 43.39 土 1.98 8 Sham 33.44 土 3.25 8 氺 TNBS 17.81 土 1.27 8 氺氺氺 CI-1008 30毫克/公斤皮下注射 21.72 土 1.51 8 ? 60毫克/公斤皮下注射 25. 47 土 1.03 8 ?? 100毫克/公斤皮下注射 33.13 士 1.83 8 ??? 200毫克/公斤皮下注射 40.47 土 3. 75 8 ??? 蓋巴盤素 100毫克/公斤皮下注射 22. 03 土 2.23 8 300毫克/公斤皮下注射 24.69 土 1.27 8 ? 500毫克/公斤皮下注射 36.88 土 1.46 8 ??? 嗎啡 0.1毫克/公斤皮下注射 34.22 土 1.72 8 ??? 0.3毫克/公斤皮下注射 46.09 士 1.43 8 ??? 1毫克/公斤皮下注射 64. 84 土 1.88 8 ??? *=p<0. 05, **=ρ<0· 01,0. 001 相對於對照組 〇 ? p<0.05,??=p<0.01, ??? 二P,0.001 相對於 TNBS。 表8 在正常鼠中,CI-1008及蓋巴盤素對結腸閥值的效果 處理 結腸闕值 SEM η Ρ (毫米汞柱) 對照組 43. 33 土 1.23 6 CI-1008 46.41 土 2.26 8 NS 200毫克/公斤皮下注射 蓋巴盤素 43.75 士 1.44 6 NS 50◦毫克/公斤皮下注射 NS=相對於對照組無意義。 O:\88\88687.DOC -27- 1251485 前述資料建立了蓋巴盤素及CI-1008之GABA類似物可抑 制TNBS引起之結腸異常,且對於IBS反應慢性疼痛的異常 結腸過敏有效。 實例7 福馬林引起的發炎性結腸疼痛 GABA類似物在另一個模式中被評估,以決定其對於發炎 性内臟疼痛,包括胰臟炎及腸炎的效果。 將福馬林打入大鼠結腸壁,會造成急性發炎及内臟疼 痛。本研究的目標在於以結腸腹腔内注射福馬林來評估蓋 巴盤素及CI_1008在内臟疼痛方面的抗疼痛能力。 本研究使用體重240到260克之成年雌性史撥克_多利大 鼠。動物在試驗前以3隻一籠養於調節環境中(2〇土丨。〇,溼 度 50±5%,光照時間 8:00AM到 8:00PM)。 每隻試驗動物均置於鋪有木屑之透明塑膠籠(27χ43χ28 公分)中。並提供飲水。籠以動物間無法視覺接觸方式放 置。在每只籠後面放置一面鏡子以增進行為記錄。每隻動 物在開始時有20分鐘適應環境。用異氟烷(開始4〇/。,接著 1.5%於2:3笑氣及1:3氧氣的混合物)將動物由其尾部懸空, 以棉棒將直腸清玄,再將結腸鏡經肛門插入。此特別設計 的内視鏡具有一個小側孔,可用長51公分的針(26ga),在離 肛門約35毫米處以目視在小腸壁上打洞。注入溶液為%微 升5%福馬林溶液(v/v),或等量之等張生理食鹽水。當注射 結束後(約1分鐘),立即使動物由麻醉狀態恢復後,同時開 始持續2小時之觀察期。觀察測試結束後3〇分鐘,由靜脈注 O:\88\88687.DOC -28- 1251485 、s Blue (1 /q) ’ 30分鐘後犧牲動物。打開腹部,注射 位及Evans Blue擴散區以影像分析軟體記錄。由鼠得到之染 料分佈資料若超出乙狀結腸部份則予丟棄。 如列於疼痛密度增加等級中,這些行為包括:(1)舔舐或 啃叹腹部(L),(2)軀體伸展,即後肢向後伸展(B),(”側腹 收縮,有時包括伸展姿態(c ),及(4)全軀體收縮,鼠背屈 站立,偶爾也依據下列插入進一步之等級:少於3〇秒為 W1,30秒到i分鐘間為貿2,超過丨分鐘為W3。每隻動物的 行為在2小時測試中記錄於獨立的表單上。在每個連續的。 分鐘期間以下列公式計算疼痛分數(s): S = 1L+2B + 3C+4W1 + 5W2 + 6W3 因此’該疼痛指數與(1)每個選擇行為的片斷數目,(2) 特定行為屬性由1到6的係數成比例關係。 所有的化合物均溶於生理食鹽水。皮下注射的載劑的量 為2.5毫克/公斤。福馬林則是向Pr〇lab〇購買。 母組間的統计意義以單向ANOVA與史都敦非配對t—測試 測定。p<0.05時的差異被認為統計上有意義。 在未禁食雌性史撥克-多利大鼠的痛覺過敏,係由壁内注 射福馬林(5°/。,5微克/大鼠)於結腸壁中所引起的。蓋巴盤 素及CI-1008分別以1〇〇、300、500及100、200毫克/公斤皮 下注射測試。蓋巴盤素及Cl-1 008有意義地且依劑量地減少 由結腸内福馬林引起之疼痛指數。在給予500毫克/公斤蓋 巴盤素及200¾克/公斤CI-1 008後可觀察到最大抑制效果。 結果示於表9。 O:\88\8S687.DOC -29- 1251485 本研究建立了 GABA類似物可促進對内結腸福馬林引起 的抗痛效果,因而可有效的治療IBD及IBS,及内臟疼痛包 括胰臟炎與腸炎。 表9 皮下注射蓋巴盤素及CI-1008對由5%福馬林壁内注射引起之發炎性結腸疼痛的效 田 處理 %抗疼痛 SEM η Ρ CM008 100毫克/公斤皮下注射 18.55 7.41 7 氺氺氺 200毫克/公斤皮下注射 70.81 土 7.47 6 氺氺氺 蓋巴盤素 0.3毫克/公斤皮下注射 -7.73 士 10.43 3 NS 100毫克/公斤皮下注射 13.62 土 12.65 9 NS 300毫克/公斤皮下注射 55.07 土 9. 98 6 500毫克/公斤皮下注射 88.01 土 16. 96 6 氺氺氺 NS二相對於對照組無意義。 下列實驗進一步展示由本發明所提供之含GABA類似物 與NSAID的組合物。 實例8 錠劑配方 拿玻辛鈉 200毫克 蓋巴盤素 300毫克 硬脂酸鎂 20毫克 微晶纖維素 100毫克 普維酮(Povidone) 100毫克 滑石粉 50毫克 所有成份混成一致並壓成錠劑。每天給予1到3次該錠劑 O:\88\88687 DOC -30- 1251485 以治療如風溼性關節炎、僵直性關^^ — ^直性關即炎、骨關節炎、滑囊 炎、肌腱炎及急性痛風關節炎等發炎情形。 實例9 膠囊配方 芬諾普芬鈣,USP 1 50毫克 前蓋巴素 5〇毫克 纖維素 1 00毫克 明膠 5〇毫克 二氧化鈦 10毫克 玉米澱粉 50毫克 所有成份混成一致, 並裝入膠囊 一 。每天給予1到4次據 囊以治療如風溼性關節炎及骨關節炎。 本發明提供之組合包括NSAID(如拿玻辛或門芬拿酸)及 GABA類似物(如前蓋巴素或蓋巴盤素)。該組合已顯示其具 互 ㈣㈣力。例如,蓋巴盤素及拿玻辛鋼以協 同里結合後,於大鼠鹿角菜足趾熱疼痛過敏試驗中評估。 該試驗使用一種海草(鹿角菜)抽出物,將其注入測試動物的 足趾寺㈢k成幾菌性發炎,因而降低了疼痛閥。止痛劑, ^括^现巴I素的GABA類似物,可提升疼痛閥值回正 ^ 相對於未處理的對照組動物,止痛劑可使動物耐 二車乂長時間的外原源性疼痛。數種固定的蓋巴盤素及拿破 寺*名内組合,、、蘆命^ /辰及範圍由50份GABA類似物重量對丨份 NSAID重晋钊’ 、 里& 1:1組合,被用於前述試驗中。結果示於圖 6(固定的1 · 1知 、、、且合於不同劑量下)及圖7(固定的50:1組合於
O:\88\88687.DOC -31 - 1251485 不同4]里下)。違貪料建立了 GAba類似物及ns AID的組 合可協同解除急性或慢性疼痛,並達到止痛效果。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1顯示蓋巴盤素對因引朵美撤辛造成之胃損害的影響。 圖2颁不盍巴盤素對戒酒反應之手操作反應的影響。 圖3顯示蓋巴盤素對長期酒精給予的動物其記憶與困倦 之影響。 圖4顯示蓋巴盤素、CI]_(前蓋巴素),及鳴啡在結腸障 礙上的影響。 圖5顯示蓋巴盤素及⑴〇〇8對大鼠結腸疼痛發闕值之影 響。 # 圖6顯示1:1混合蓋巴盤素及拿玻辛可在動物上形成與單 獨使用各別藥物相同之止痛效果,但劑量低1〇〇倍。 圖7顯示比較以重量計算混合5〇倍之蓋巴盤素及丨倍之拿 玻辛的協同止痛效果與在相對計量下單獨使用各別藥物^
O:\88\88687.DOC -32-
Claims (1)
- 1251485 拾、申請專利範園: 一種預防或治療疼痛的組合 其含有GABA類似物及非 固醇類消炎藥(NSAID),及醫雄 久曹樂可接雙賦形劑、載 稀釋劑,其中GABA類似物 ^ 為式1化合物及其醫藥可接受 鹽類: H2N—C; ^2^~CU2C〇2Ki (Ci4 其中R!為氫或Cl-C8虎基,且以4至6的整數,或為仙 化合物及其醫藥可接受鹽類·· 又3 ](2 π h2nchcch? cook R1 其中Ri為1至6個碳原子之直鏈或分支烷基,苯基或3至6 個碳原子的環烷基; R2為氫或甲基;且 R1為氫、甲基或羧基, 且/、中NSAID不為拿玻辛(napr〇xen),或其醫藥上可接受 鹽。 2·根據申请專利範圍第1項之組合,其中GABA類似物為蓋 巴盤素。 1 O:\88\88687.DOC 1 ·根據申請專利範圍第1項之組合,其中GABA類似物為前 1251485 蓋巴素。 4.根據申請專利範圍第1項之組合,其中非固醇類消炎藥 係選自蘇林戴克(sulindac)、引朵美撒辛(indomethacin)、 門芬拿酸(niefenamic acid)、戴克羅芬拿克(diclofenac)、 芬諾普芬(fenoprofen)、戴夫尼梭(diflunisal)、艾脫梭克 (etodolac)、易若普芬(ibuprofen)、派若辛坎(piroxicam)、 乙龜水楊酸、奥撒普(oxaprozin)及布芬克(bromfenac), 或其醫藥可接受鹽類。 5 ·根據申請專利範圍第4項之組合,其中非固醇類消炎藥 係易若普芬或引朵美撒辛。 6. 根據申請專利範圍第5項之組合,其包含易若普芬及前 蓋巴素。 7. 根據申請專利範圍第5項之組合,其包含易若普芬及蓋 巴盤素。 O:\88\88687.DOC
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US5675397P | 1997-08-20 | 1997-08-20 | |
US7479498P | 1998-02-16 | 1998-02-16 | |
US8293698P | 1998-04-24 | 1998-04-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW200412938A TW200412938A (en) | 2004-08-01 |
TWI251485B true TWI251485B (en) | 2006-03-21 |
Family
ID=27369092
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW087113592A TW570794B (en) | 1997-08-20 | 1998-08-18 | Pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating gastrointestinal damage and disorders, ethanol withdrawal syndrome, or pain |
TW092130045A TWI251485B (en) | 1997-08-20 | 1998-08-18 | Combination comprising GABA analog and nsaid |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW087113592A TW570794B (en) | 1997-08-20 | 1998-08-18 | Pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating gastrointestinal damage and disorders, ethanol withdrawal syndrome, or pain |
Country Status (25)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6242488B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1009399B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4681116B2 (zh) |
KR (2) | KR20050116168A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE461698T1 (zh) |
AU (2) | AU8668598A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9812133A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2297163C (zh) |
CO (1) | CO4960645A1 (zh) |
CY (1) | CY1109981T1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69841574D1 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1009399T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2341154T3 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUP0004551A3 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL134164A (zh) |
IS (1) | IS2749B (zh) |
MY (1) | MY155223A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO327983B1 (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ502729A (zh) |
PE (1) | PE107299A1 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL194125B1 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT1009399E (zh) |
TW (2) | TW570794B (zh) |
UY (1) | UY25148A1 (zh) |
WO (2) | WO1999008670A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (64)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100491282B1 (ko) | 1996-07-24 | 2005-05-24 | 워너-램버트 캄파니 엘엘씨 | 통증 치료용 이소부틸가바 및 그의 유도체 |
NZ502671A (en) | 1997-09-08 | 2003-01-31 | Warner Lambert Co | Combination of an analgesic with anti-epileptic properties and a NSAID |
EP1031350A1 (en) * | 1999-02-23 | 2000-08-30 | Warner-Lambert Company | Use of a gabapentin-analog for the manufacture of a medicament for preventing and treating visceral pain |
EP1161263A1 (en) | 1999-03-10 | 2001-12-12 | Warner-Lambert Company Llc | Analgesic compositions comprising anti-epileptic compounds and methods of using same |
US6992109B1 (en) * | 1999-04-08 | 2006-01-31 | Segal Catherine A | Method for the treatment of incontinence |
EP1169060B1 (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 2005-08-31 | Euro-Celtique S.A. | Sodium channel blocker compositions and the use thereof |
EP1840117A1 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2007-10-03 | Warner-Lambert Company LLC | Mono- and disubstituted 3-propyl gamma-aminobutyric acids |
EP1202725B1 (en) | 1999-07-22 | 2007-04-11 | University Of Rochester | Method of treating symptoms of hormonal variation, including hot flashes |
FR2801217B1 (fr) * | 1999-11-24 | 2002-12-06 | Aventis Pharma Sa | Association de riluzole et de gabapentine et son utilisation comme medicament |
US7067262B2 (en) | 2000-05-16 | 2006-06-27 | Warner Lambert Company Llc | Cell line for the expression of an α2δ2 calcium channel subunit and methods of use |
AU2002211863A1 (en) | 2000-10-06 | 2002-04-15 | Xenoport, Inc. | Bile-acid derived compounds for providing sustained systemic concentrations of drugs after oral administration |
US6900192B2 (en) | 2000-10-06 | 2005-05-31 | Xenoport, Inc. | Bile-acid conjugates for providing sustained systemic concentrations of drugs |
EP1226820A1 (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2002-07-31 | Warner-Lambert Company | Use of bicyclic amino acids for preventing and treating visceral pain and gastrointestinal disorders |
US7186855B2 (en) | 2001-06-11 | 2007-03-06 | Xenoport, Inc. | Prodrugs of GABA analogs, compositions and uses thereof |
AU2002345664C1 (en) | 2001-06-11 | 2008-03-06 | Xenoport, Inc. | Prodrugs of gaba analogs, compositions and uses thereof |
US6818787B2 (en) | 2001-06-11 | 2004-11-16 | Xenoport, Inc. | Prodrugs of GABA analogs, compositions and uses thereof |
US8048917B2 (en) | 2005-04-06 | 2011-11-01 | Xenoport, Inc. | Prodrugs of GABA analogs, compositions and uses thereof |
EP1412324A4 (en) | 2001-06-11 | 2004-09-29 | Xenoport Inc | AMINO ACID CONJUGATES THAT RESULT IN GABA ANALOGA LASTING SYSTEMIC CONCENTRATIONS |
PT1423168E (pt) * | 2001-09-03 | 2006-05-31 | Newron Pharm Spa | Composicao farmaceutica que compreende gabapentina ou um seu analogo e uma x-aminoamida e a sua utilizacao como analgesico |
US20070184104A1 (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2007-08-09 | Depomed, Inc. | Gastric retentive gabapentin dosage forms and methods for using same |
US7612112B2 (en) | 2001-10-25 | 2009-11-03 | Depomed, Inc. | Methods of treatment using a gastric retained gabapentin dosage |
TWI312285B (en) | 2001-10-25 | 2009-07-21 | Depomed Inc | Methods of treatment using a gastric retained gabapentin dosage |
US20060159743A1 (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2006-07-20 | Depomed, Inc. | Methods of treating non-nociceptive pain states with gastric retentive gabapentin |
AU2002316231A1 (en) | 2002-02-19 | 2003-09-29 | Xenoport, Inc. | Methods for synthesis of prodrugs from 1-acyl-alkyl derivatives and compositions thereof |
MXPA04008175A (es) * | 2002-02-22 | 2004-11-26 | Warner Lambert Co | Combinaciones de un ligando alfa-2-delta con un inhibidor selectivo de la ciclooxigenasa-2. |
AU2003222033A1 (en) | 2002-03-20 | 2003-10-08 | Xenoport | Cyclic 1-(acyloxy)-alkyl prodrugs of gaba analogs, compositions and uses thereof |
US7183259B2 (en) | 2002-05-17 | 2007-02-27 | Xenoport | Amino acid conjugates providing for sustained systemic concentrations of GABA analogues |
AU2003247042A1 (en) * | 2002-07-10 | 2004-02-02 | Warner-Lambert Company Llc | Gastrointestinal compositions comprising gaba derivatives |
US7025745B2 (en) * | 2002-10-07 | 2006-04-11 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Method of making a catheter balloon using a tapered mandrel |
US20040105881A1 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2004-06-03 | Gregor Cevc | Aggregates with increased deformability, comprising at least three amphipats, for improved transport through semi-permeable barriers and for the non-invasive drug application in vivo, especially through the skin |
WO2004052360A1 (en) | 2002-12-11 | 2004-06-24 | Xenoport, Inc. | Prodrugs of fused gaba analogs, pharmaceutical compositions and uses thereof |
JP2006511606A (ja) * | 2002-12-13 | 2006-04-06 | ワーナー−ランバート・カンパニー、リミテッド、ライアビリティ、カンパニー | 下部尿路症状を治療するα−2−δリガンド |
EP1572187A1 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2005-09-14 | Warner-Lambert Company LLC | Pregabalin and derivatives thereof for the treatment of fibromyalgia and other related disorders |
CA2451267A1 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-06-13 | Warner-Lambert Company Llc | Pharmaceutical uses for alpha2delta ligands |
MXPA05009504A (es) | 2003-03-07 | 2005-10-18 | Warner Lambert Co | Derivados de (-aminoacidos sustituidos con tetrazol y oxadiazolona. |
WO2004084881A1 (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2004-10-07 | Dynogen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | METHODS FOR TREATING FUNCTIONAL BOWEL DISORDERS USING α2δ SUBUNIT CALCIUM CHANNEL MODULATORS WITH SMOOTH MUSCLE MODULATORS |
US20050043407A1 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-02-24 | Pfizer Inc | Pharmaceutical composition for the prevention and treatment of addiction in a mammal |
CA2537837A1 (en) | 2003-09-11 | 2005-03-24 | Xenoport, Inc. | Treating and/or preventing urinary incontinence using prodrugs of gaba analogs |
WO2005027850A2 (en) | 2003-09-17 | 2005-03-31 | Xenoport, Inc. | Treating or preventing restless legs syndrome using prodrugs of gaba analogs |
JP4308263B2 (ja) | 2003-10-14 | 2009-08-05 | ゼノポート,インコーポレイティド | γ−アミノ酪酸アナログの結晶形 |
EP1691811B1 (en) | 2003-12-11 | 2014-07-23 | Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Combination of a sedative and a neurotransmitter modulator, and methods for improving sleep quality and treating depression |
NZ549004A (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2009-04-30 | Warner Lambert Co | C1-symmetric bisphosphine ligands and their use in the asymmetric synthesis of pregabalin |
CA2561755A1 (en) * | 2004-04-01 | 2005-10-13 | Warner-Lambert Company Llc | Preparation of p-chirogenic phospholanes and their use in asymmetric synthesis |
EP1831154B1 (en) * | 2004-06-21 | 2010-01-13 | Warner-Lambert Company LLC | Preparation of pregabalin and related compounds |
KR101277520B1 (ko) * | 2004-09-10 | 2013-06-21 | 뉴론 파마슈티칼즈 에스. 피. 에이. | (할로벤질옥시)벤질아미노-프로판아미드를 포함하는 선택적 나트륨 및/또는 칼슘 채널 조절제로서 유용한 약제학적 조성물 |
WO2006050514A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-11 | Xenoport, Inc. | Gabapentin prodrug sustained release oral dosage forms |
CA2629065C (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2013-08-06 | Newron Pharmaceuticals S.P.A. | 2 -phenylethylamino derivatives as calcium and/or sodium channel modulators |
US20090176882A1 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2009-07-09 | Depomed, Inc. | Gastric retentive gabapentin dosage forms and methods for using same |
CN101652133A (zh) * | 2006-12-08 | 2010-02-17 | 克塞诺波特公司 | Gaba类似物的前药用于治疗疾病的用途 |
AU2008317336A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-04-30 | The Scripps Research Institute | Methods for treating substance dependence |
US7868043B2 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2011-01-11 | Xenoport, Inc. | Mesophasic forms of (3S)-aminomethyl-5-methyl-hexanoic acid prodrugs and methods of use |
WO2009094563A2 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2009-07-30 | Xenoport, Inc. | Crystalline form of calcium-salts of (3s)-aminomethyl-b-methyl-hexanoic acids and methods of use |
CA2706575C (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2015-07-14 | Xenoport, Inc. | Enantiomerically resolving acyloxyalkyl thiocarbonates used in synthesizing acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs |
SG176464A1 (en) | 2008-05-09 | 2011-12-29 | Agency Science Tech & Res | Diagnosis and treatment of kawasaki disease |
EP2344447B1 (en) | 2008-10-08 | 2016-06-08 | Xgene Pharmaceutical Inc | Gaba conjugates and methods of use thereof |
RU2715680C2 (ru) * | 2009-06-22 | 2020-03-03 | ВАЙЕТ ЭлЭлСи | Таблетки ибупрофена натрия и способы изготовления фармацевтических композиций, включающих ибупрофен натрия |
WO2011141923A2 (en) | 2010-05-14 | 2011-11-17 | Lupin Limited | Improved synthesis of optically pure (s) - 3-cyano-5-methyl-hexanoic acid alkyl ester, an intermediate of (s)- pregabalin |
WO2012059797A1 (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2012-05-10 | Lupin Limited | Process for synthesis of (s) - pregabalin |
US9066853B2 (en) | 2013-01-15 | 2015-06-30 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Clonidine compounds in a biodegradable fiber |
CA2903000C (en) | 2013-01-28 | 2021-10-12 | Hector L. Lopez | Methods of improving tolerability, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy of .beta.-alanine and use therefor |
CN105997970A (zh) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-10-12 | 南昌大学 | γ-氨基丁酸在制备胃粘膜保护剂中的应用 |
WO2017177160A1 (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-12 | Nevakar Llc | Formulation for use in a method of treatment of pain |
CN111432882A (zh) | 2017-10-03 | 2020-07-17 | 内瓦卡公司 | 对乙酰氨基酚-普瑞巴林组合和治疗疼痛的方法 |
KR20210013081A (ko) | 2018-05-14 | 2021-02-03 | 엑스진 파마슈티컬 인크. | 나프록센 및 프레가발린의 1-(아실옥시)-알킬 카르바메이트 약물 복합체의 결정형 |
Family Cites Families (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE634102A (zh) | ||||
DE1963925C3 (de) | 1969-12-20 | 1975-07-10 | Desitin-Werk, Carl Klinke Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Verfahren zur Herstellung von N hoch 3-Carbalkoxyderivaten des 5,5-Diphenylhydantoins |
JPS54110334A (en) | 1978-02-16 | 1979-08-29 | Fuji Chem Ind Co Ltd | Novel compounded anodyne and antiiinflammatory agent |
US4158581A (en) | 1978-04-14 | 1979-06-19 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Method of making magnetic component for direct current apparatus |
JPS61221121A (ja) | 1985-03-27 | 1986-10-01 | Nitto Electric Ind Co Ltd | テ−プ製剤 |
US4694010A (en) | 1985-08-16 | 1987-09-15 | New York University | Anticonvulsant compositions and method |
EP0346445A4 (en) | 1987-12-22 | 1990-03-28 | Ferkany John W | DEXTRORPHANE POTENTIALIZER FOR ANTISPASMODIC COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS. |
AU9137091A (en) | 1990-11-27 | 1992-06-25 | Northwestern University | Gaba and l-glutamic acid analogs for antiseizure treatment |
GB9108362D0 (en) | 1991-04-18 | 1991-06-05 | Radoslavov Alexander | A pharmaceutical composition suitable for alleviation of headaches,migraine and other painful conditions |
RU94046105A (ru) * | 1992-05-20 | 1997-06-20 | Нортвестерн Юниверсити (Us) | АНАЛОГИ γ -АМИНОМАСЛЯНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ И L-ГЛУТАМИНОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ И СПОСОБЫ ИХ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ |
US5234929A (en) | 1992-07-20 | 1993-08-10 | William Chelen | Method of treating motion sickness with anticonvulsants and antitussive agents |
JPH06100468A (ja) | 1992-09-25 | 1994-04-12 | Kibun Food Chemifa Co Ltd | 徐放性組成物 |
US5321012A (en) | 1993-01-28 | 1994-06-14 | Virginia Commonwealth University Medical College | Inhibiting the development of tolerance to and/or dependence on a narcotic addictive substance |
JPH06227969A (ja) | 1993-02-02 | 1994-08-16 | Masayasu Sugihara | 薬品の腸溶性改善方法およびそれにより得られた薬品組成物 |
US5420270A (en) | 1993-10-07 | 1995-05-30 | G. D. Searle & Co. | Aryl substituted dibenzoxazepine compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use |
US5352638A (en) | 1994-02-22 | 1994-10-04 | Corning Incorporated | Nickel aluminosilicate glass-ceramics |
EP0778770B1 (en) | 1994-09-02 | 2003-12-10 | Virginia Commonwealth University | Composition alleviating pain, containing a non-narcotic analgesic and an analgesia enhancer |
GB9420784D0 (en) * | 1994-10-14 | 1994-11-30 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Medicaments |
CN1046199C (zh) | 1994-12-13 | 1999-11-10 | 凌吉安 | 复方消炎止痛霜剂 |
ES2241055T3 (es) * | 1996-08-23 | 2005-10-16 | Endo Pharmaceuticals Inc | Composicion que contiene un anticonvulsionante para tratar el dolor neuropatico. |
SE9603408D0 (sv) * | 1996-09-18 | 1996-09-18 | Astra Ab | Medical use |
EP0937032B1 (en) * | 1996-10-23 | 2007-05-09 | Warner-Lambert Company LLC | Substituted gamma aminobutyric acids as pharmaceutical agents |
US6127418A (en) * | 1997-08-20 | 2000-10-03 | Warner-Lambert Company | GABA analogs to prevent and treat gastrointestinal damage |
-
1998
- 1998-07-29 AU AU86685/98A patent/AU8668598A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-07-29 WO PCT/US1998/015694 patent/WO1999008670A1/en unknown
- 1998-08-18 BR BR9812133-2A patent/BR9812133A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-08-18 CA CA002297163A patent/CA2297163C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-18 HU HU0004551A patent/HUP0004551A3/hu unknown
- 1998-08-18 KR KR1020057022543A patent/KR20050116168A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-08-18 AU AU92930/98A patent/AU9293098A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-08-18 NZ NZ502729A patent/NZ502729A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-08-18 DK DK98945758.5T patent/DK1009399T3/da active
- 1998-08-18 TW TW087113592A patent/TW570794B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-08-18 PL PL98338705A patent/PL194125B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-08-18 ES ES98945758T patent/ES2341154T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-18 WO PCT/US1998/017082 patent/WO1999008671A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-08-18 IL IL13416498A patent/IL134164A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-08-18 MY MYPI98003770A patent/MY155223A/en unknown
- 1998-08-18 PT PT98945758T patent/PT1009399E/pt unknown
- 1998-08-18 KR KR1020007001703A patent/KR100609359B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-08-18 AT AT98945758T patent/ATE461698T1/de active
- 1998-08-18 JP JP2000509411A patent/JP4681116B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-08-18 EP EP98945758A patent/EP1009399B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-18 DE DE69841574T patent/DE69841574D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-18 TW TW092130045A patent/TWI251485B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-08-19 PE PE1998000745A patent/PE107299A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-08-19 CO CO98047372A patent/CO4960645A1/es unknown
- 1998-08-20 UY UY25148A patent/UY25148A1/es unknown
-
2000
- 2000-01-25 IS IS5361A patent/IS2749B/is unknown
- 2000-02-17 NO NO20000786A patent/NO327983B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-05-09 US US09/567,191 patent/US6242488B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-03-13 US US09/804,742 patent/US6426368B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-04-26 CY CY20101100368T patent/CY1109981T1/el unknown
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI251485B (en) | Combination comprising GABA analog and nsaid | |
US6127418A (en) | GABA analogs to prevent and treat gastrointestinal damage | |
US9795580B2 (en) | Ketone supplements for treatment of angelman syndrome | |
PT2043637E (pt) | Métodos e medicamentos para administração de ibuprofeno | |
US20060198886A1 (en) | Medicament having coated methenamine combined with acidifier | |
EP0974351A2 (en) | Medicament for preventing and treating gastrointestinal damage | |
JP6027335B2 (ja) | 耐糖能異常用飲食品添加剤 | |
JP3452922B2 (ja) | 平滑筋臓器の緊張を増加するため、および緊張を調節するための植物ベースの医薬 | |
JP4715423B2 (ja) | 耐糖能異常用医薬組成物及び飲食品 | |
JP2013040206A (ja) | 消化器系の運動をイパモレリンを用いて刺激する方法 | |
Miglioli et al. | Prevention with Sucralfate Gel of NSAID-Induced Gastroduodenal Damage in Arthritic Patients. | |
WO2006046746A1 (ja) | 内臓痛予防・治療剤 | |
AU2002317548B2 (en) | Gaba analogs to prevent and treat gastrointestinal damage | |
ES2425398T3 (es) | Antagonistas de receptor de colecistocinina-1 (CCK1) en el tratamiento de trastornos gastrointestinales y relacionados | |
US11458112B2 (en) | Compositions and methods for inducing defecation | |
MXPA00001093A (en) | Gaba analogs to prevent and treat gastrointestinal damage | |
KR20240070564A (ko) | 알츠하이머병 예방 또는 치료용 약학적 조성물 | |
Brown et al. | The effect of the cholecystokinin antagonist devazepide (L364718) on the ileal brake mechanism in the rat | |
Guslandi et al. | Drug-induced injury to the digestive system | |
CN106822158A (zh) | 红景天苷或其可药用盐在制备防治阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停诱导型高血压药物和保健品中的应用 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |