TW591146B - Nonwoven material for low friction bearing surfaces - Google Patents

Nonwoven material for low friction bearing surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
TW591146B
TW591146B TW91116469A TW91116469A TW591146B TW 591146 B TW591146 B TW 591146B TW 91116469 A TW91116469 A TW 91116469A TW 91116469 A TW91116469 A TW 91116469A TW 591146 B TW591146 B TW 591146B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
resin
impregnable
patent application
woven material
permeable
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TW91116469A
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English (en)
Inventor
Auza Jaime A Ampuero
Mikhail R Levit
Arthur R Nelson
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Du Pont
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/12—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H13/14—Polyalkenes, e.g. polystyrene polyethylene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
    • D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
    • D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H13/26—Polyamides; Polyimides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/203—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/208—Methods of manufacture, e.g. shaping, applying coatings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/46—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H17/52—Epoxy resins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/04—Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating
    • D21H25/06—Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating of impregnated or coated paper
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/02—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers comprising fillers, fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
    • F16C2208/30—Fluoropolymers
    • F16C2208/32—Polytetrafluorethylene [PTFE]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber
    • Y10T428/2907—Staple length fiber with coating or impregnation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2915—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including textile, cloth or fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2927—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including structurally defined particulate matter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2221—Coating or impregnation is specified as water proof
    • Y10T442/2254—Natural oil or wax containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2475—Coating or impregnation is electrical insulation-providing, -improving, or -increasing, or conductivity-reducing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/273—Coating or impregnation provides wear or abrasion resistance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2861—Coated or impregnated synthetic organic fiber fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/697—Containing at least two chemically different strand or fiber materials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Description

A7 發明說明（ 發明 L發明領域 、务月係關於一種包括氟聚合物纖維及其他額外可潤 濕結構有機纖維之可浸透非織造物質。該非織造材可用作 供自身潤滑承載之内襯用基材，用作過濾系統中之填縫材 ’用作電絕緣材及其他應用。 2 ·相關技藝之敛述 自身潤滑承載中使用織造或編織織物當作内襯物質為 技λ中已知。此等織造或編織織物一般包含氟聚合紗線及 構造紗線（例如棉、聚酯或玻纖等）。 美國專利第 2,804,886 號（White)、3,055,788(stanh〇p_ 々’^’^^“^▽11如）及（^861，5〇6〇^4111等人）揭示在摩 檫應用中使用織造之氟聚合物纖維。然而，以 之内觀相當昂貴，且一般厚度限制約為。· 工業中已知之該織造織物需要複雜及昂貴之製造製程，且 特性為對熱流明顯的抗性。該耐熱性使承載在在約〇·5米/ 2之相對速度或超過下過熱，造成摩擦量增加，因内襯物 質明顯流失使其使用#命下$，因&限制⑽作條件且需 要更多次替換該内襯，導致製造或操作成本增加。 多結合劑之非織造結構足 及乾燥強度為技藝中習知 不孩材料，其可用於過濾 而且，包括氟聚合物纖維及許 以對非織造結構提供適當之濕潤 。美國專利第3，1 14,672(Schott)揭 化學活性之熱氣體。 技勢中亦已知者為高®板材料，其包含 ----—，·一….一---------------·一^4 >7 «ml /J3C ,¾¾ -4 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210 X 297公釐) 591146 2 五、發明説明（ 間-芳酸胺織物及㈣合物纖維。高壓板材科主要用作化學 絕緣，如美國專利第4,888,578號（Hendren，Μ —等人）中 之敘述。 本發明之優點為提供可浸透之開放孔隙、非織造結構， 其可浸泡樹脂，使樹脂渗透到包括與其他額外可濕潤結構 性有機纖維摻合之敗聚合物纖維之全部結構中。另外，且 有本發明厚度及本發明應用之可浸透非織造結構在技藝 並未敘述。而且’本發明藉由提供薄結構，解決工業中使 用厚織造織物遭遇之已知問題。另外，本發明提供許多其 他優點，包括可比一般材料使用更高之速度， 使用壽命，且可在更高之負荷下使用。 〃更長（ 螢明概要 本發明關於包括包括氣聚合物纖維及其他額外可 結構性有機纖維，以及紙或其他片狀結構中所用之任何現 有纖維（含（但不限）聚酉旨、螺縈、纖維素、芳醮胺、聚酿胺 、手毛、棉、聚缔烴(具有結構性纖維)及 物之可浸透非織造材料，其可用作自身潤滑承載及 用之内襯材料。額外之可濕潤結構性有機纖維賦予^ 可浸透非織造材料新的特性，如耐磨性。 式 本發明亦關於包括本發明可浸透非織造結構及樹 紙或片狀物或預浸潰體，以及自身潤滑承載。 曰
另外’本發明係關於本發明可浸透非織 包括之步驟為： H a·)將包括可濕潤構造有機凝絮物'氟聚合物凝絮物及選 -5 本紙張尺度適财關家標Μ規格(21^^γ
b )將Jc "物水性分散液送到造紙中裝置之網上； c::性分散液之水抽離濕潤之紙裝； 知濕潤紙漿烘乾；及 1况’I延乾燥《非織造材科，使材料進—步密實 荷係舞供一種用於例如自身潤滑承載或其他低
可因it化：狀可浸透非織造物質。另外’本發明 二化4性而用於過I系統，因其低介電常數及低 工营ρξ =用作％絕緣及其他應用，如需要適當化學技性 業配管中所用之法蘭材料。 裝 插^發明之可浸透非織造材料包括氟聚合物凝絮物及-5 ”他額外可濕潤結構有機凝絮物之混合物，且可視
’二包含結合劑。較好’氟聚合物凝絮物包括至少約30wt% 口:物另外，混合物中含至多約30wt%之結合劑（若使 用）、=白本技蟄者應了解何時需要該結合劑。而且，本發 二《氟“物㉟絮物、至少_種額外之可濕潤結構有機凝 ’物及選用《結合物（若使用時）之分布實質上較好均勾。 然而’該分布並非必要。 ，.、、結構〃一詞與、、纖維〃或、、凝絮物〃併用時係指進行 補強功能，以提供結構整體性及強度之纖維或凝絮物。其 亦指在承載過程中可使氟聚合物纖維之H聚合物薄膜流動 之不流動支撐材纖維或凝絮物。結構纖維或凝絮物可提供 本發明更大《磨耗抗性。另夕卜，纖維或凝絮物提供本發明 之摩擦熔融抗性。 Λ -6- 591146 A7
B7 五、發明説明（ 、本文中所用之、、預浸潰體〃係指浸潰樹脂，但仍具 f 程巾’壓著及/或成形足夠之可成形性 =I戴、隹材料。若為熱固性，則通常在預浸潰體中為 P白段B(部分溶化），且可在後續額外硬化成聯 ，但不可溶）。 本發明之可浸透非織造材料之基本重量約為17 g/m2至 、·勺810 g/m且厚度約為0.02毫米至約8.〇毫米。 & ★月之自身潤滑承載可使用許多方法製備。方法1 一 :又*包括：步驟為將一或多層之預浸潰體加在金屬表面上， ^加壓及加溫（若需要）。方法2一般包括之步驟為將一或 夕層預浸潰體加在具有加於任何形狀(但較好為圓形)軸心 足離土戶丨ιΐ《軸心上’接著使該結構與玻纖及樹脂捲緊， :成載。方法3一般包括之步驟為將一或多層預浸潰 具有加於任何形狀（但較好為圓形）軸心上之離型劑 足軸u上，接著與熱塑性或彈性體模製形成承載。 另外思料又外的包括氟聚合物纖維及其他額外可潤濕 ^有機纖維之可浸透非織造結構可提供與織造或編織織 物相同水準之自身潤滑承載期望效能或改良之效能，以及 相同期望之操作壽命或改良之操作壽命。 本文中所用之1絮η亦指切成短長度，且一般 用於製備濕法成網片之纖維。 氟聚合物凝絮物之長度約為3至約30毫米。較佳之 約為5至約"毫米。敷聚合物凝絮物係藉由將使用糊料擠： 或基質旋轉製備之聚(四氟伸乙基)(刪)連續氟聚合物纖 -8 - 6 、發明説明（ 乙美。氟聚合物纖維之實例包含（但不限）聚（四氟伸 共-六氟伸丙基）（FEP)、聚（四氟伸乙基·共- =基彻…質之聚(伸乙基-共-四氣= 及Γ入幻、聚（氣化亞乙婦）（PVDF)、聚（氯三氟乙埽）（PCTFE) 炒之聚合物製備之其他纖維。然而，較好為基質纺 :，如由分散液纺紗、乾燥纺紗、濕潤纺紗及 巧々I備者。可用作可濕潤結構性有機凝絮物之其他 :同類強及熱安定凝絮物包含(但不限)聚酯、嫘縈、；醯 月女:纖維素、聚酿胺、聚婦烴、羊毛、棉及其結合物。可 潤=之結構性有機凝絮物之長度約為2至約3 0亳米。可潤濕 <結構性有機纖維與結構性無機纖維比較時，在加工及最 終使用過程中對健康之負面影響較小。通常，結構性無機 纖維吸入或沉積在皮膚或眼睛上時更有害。另外，在本發 非、、歲k…構中加入結構性無機纖維會大幅度限制其獲得 =聚合物、凝絮物、額外之可潤濕結構凝絮物、及選用結 口剑之均勻分布。另外，使用結構性無機纖維限制獲得輕 及薄的内襯，因為該纖維無法對非織造結構提供所需之整 心丨生及娃度。較佳者為芳醯胺凝絮物，因為其具有高熱安 ' 南尺寸士足性及南的強度。芳酿胺凝絮物係由切割 連績方醯胺纖維製備。本發明使用芳醯胺凝絮物敘述。然 而’其他上述類型之結構性凝絮物因此可經取代，但仍在 本發明範圍中。 本文中所用、、芳醯胺纖維〃 一詞意指芳系聚醯胺纖維， 其中至少85%之酿胺（-CONH-)鍵結直接附接於二芳系環。 * 9 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 591146 A7 B7 五、發明説明（7 ) 視情況’芳酿胺中可使用添加劑且充分分教在多纖維結 構中。經發現芳酿胺中至多可掺合約1 Owt%之其他聚合物 物質。亦發現可使用多至約10%取代芳醯胺之二胺之其他 二胺，或約10%取代芳醯胺之二酸氯化物之其他二酸氯化 物之共聚物。 以濕法成網（造紙）技術製造可浸透非織造材料可使用不 同類型之結合劑。芳醯胺纖條體因為其熱安定性、高結合 力及其作為書水性氟聚合物凝絮物分散在水中較佳之助劑 ，而為較佳類型之結合劑。結合劑亦可包括至少一種芳醯 胺纖維及潤濕強度樹脂之混合物。然而，亦可使用熟習本 技藝者已知之其他結合劑，例如聚（乙酸乙晞酯）分散液、 氟聚合物分散液及不同類型之包含纖維素之紙漿。 本文中所用'纖條體〃一詞意指其三尺寸至少之一較小 之極小、非粒狀、纖維或薄膜狀顆粒。此等顆粒係藉由在 高減立下使用非溶劑使聚合物物質之溶液沉澱製備。本文 中所用之 ''芳醯胺纖條體〃意指熔點或分解點超過320°c之 芳系聚醯胺之非粒狀似薄膜顆粒。纖條體之最大尺寸長度 為約0.2毫米至約1毫米，且長-寬比約為5 : 1至約1 0 : 1。 厚度之尺寸為微米，例如約0.1毫米至約1.0微米。較好使 用絕不會乾燥（但並非必要）之該芳醯胺纖條體。纖條體可 以以物理性纏繞在紙之芳醯胺凝絮物成份上之結合劑沉積。 除芳系聚醯胺外，芳醯胺纖維可視情況包括染料、顏料 、添加劑如抗靜電劑、界面活性劑或填料，如碳黑、氧化 矽及二氧化鈦。 -10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐） 591146
、發明説明（8 本啦明進-步針對可浸透 凝絮物與-種或多種可潤濕結構材^或包括氟聚合物 可浸透片狀物結構。非織 機饮名物之摻合物之 多約30%之結合劑，並φ 《、’且合物可視情況包含至 合劑。 〃父佳者為纖維結合劑或纖條體結 本發明之可浸透非織造材料可以以、、曰 網形成非織造片之任何一般方法製C或乾法成 之該方法實例為包含下列步驟者： 丨本發明片狀物 a) 將氟聚合物凝絮物、其 逻田、β入十丨、 了 ”、、’閏、、、吉構性有機凝絮物及 -用之結合劑《混合物水性分散液 b) 將水性分散液之水抽離潤濕之非織造毯 c) 將濕潤非織造毯烘乾；及 d) 視情況，壓延本發明> +丨 ' {發月《成型且乾燥之非織造材料，稱 加材料之密度及強度。 本叙明之可反透非織造材料係關於細微之内襯。該内襯 可用於廣泛之厚度’包含低於〇127毫米之厚度。較好該内 襯之後度為約0·02至約5·〇毫米，且最好為约〇〇5至約2〇毫 米另外，本發明係關於以内襯製成之自身潤滑承載。希 望本發明之薄結構會確保較大之負荷承載力，較低之間隙 、較高之剛性及承載中較佳之熱傳。另外，使用熱傳纖維 可增加内襯之導熱性，且因此增加承載之操作速度範圍。 試驗方法 下列5式方法係用於下列實例中。本發明非織造材料之 伸張強度係在Instron型試驗機上，使用2.54公分寬及標準 -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 591146 A7 B7 五、發明説明（9 ) 長度18公分之試驗樣品，依據ASTM D 828-93測量。 可浸透非織造材料之厚度及基質重量係分別依據ASTM D 645/D 645-M-96及ASTM D 646-96測量樣品區域之厚度 及重量測定。 模型瓶板表面之摩擦效力係在Swiss Federal Laboratories 之材料試驗及研究一EMPA之Optimol GmbH(ASTM D5707-97) 高頻，、直線震盪（SRV)試驗機上進行試驗。已經製造出浸 飽非織造片之各樣品且使用環氧類樹脂加於鋼基材上。 依下列條件，對除以標準織造氟聚合物内襯製備之樣品 (參考）外之此爭樣品進行直線往復球-平板樣品滑動試驗·
試驗參數· 接觸類型 球在盤上 球直徑 10毫米 球材料 100 Cr6鋼 垂直負荷 逐步 50、100、150 N 问度 ±2毫米 頻率 13.3 Hz 迴轉數 96,000 溫度 25〇C 相對溼度 55 ±5% 試驗結果顯示以本發明之可浸透非織造片（實例1)測量 之摩擦係數為可浸透織造内襯（比較例3)上測量之值或以 下。本發明可浸透非織造結構（實例1)之磨耗速率以球及樣 品專之介面測量低於在標準織造内襯（比較例3)或未含額 -12-本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 591146 A7
外結構性纖維（比較例2)測量之磨耗速率 實例 實例1 ‘間'芳醯胺纖條 以如下列非水性 含氟聚合物凝絮物、間-芳醯胺凝絮物 體及说潤強度樹脂混合物之水性分散液係 成份之相對含量（重量％)製備： 氟聚合物凝絮物約45.5%， 間-芳醯胺凝絮物約36.4%， 間-芳醯胺纖條體約9 · 1 %，及 濕潤強度樹脂約9.0%。 將分散液倒入約2 1公分X 2 1公分之支撐片模中，且形成 濕法成網片。將該片狀物置於二片吸墨紙之間，以滾動插 稍平鋪’且在支撐片乾燥器中約19 〇下烘乾。 氟聚合物凝絮物為内襯密度〇·71 tex且長度為〇.67公分 之水四氟乙缔親I物（由E. I. du Pont de Nemours及 Company 以丁EFLON®銷售）。 間-芳醯胺纖條體係如美國專利第3,756,908號中所述，由 聚（間伸苯基異苯二醯胺）製備。 間-芳醯胺凝絮物為線性密度為0.22 tex，且長度為0·64 公分之聚（間伸苯基異苯二醯胺）凝絮物（由Ε. I. du Pont de Nemours及Company以NOMEX⑧凝絮物銷售）。 濕潤強度樹脂為KYMENEO® 557 LX樹脂（由Hercules化 學公司銷售）。 最終非織造材料之性質列於表1中。 -13- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 591146 A7 B7
五、發明説明（ 預浸潰體非織造材料係以包含（但不限） DP-460環氧樹脂黏著劑(由3财司銷售)之室溫硬化環氧 組合物潤⑥，且在平板金屬表面及金屬滾筒之間壓榨。製 造之預浸潰體附接於不銹鋼板且壓向平板。硬化12小時後 ’製備模型用自身潤滑承載。 模型用承載係在不同負荷下試驗其摩擦效能。試驗結果 列於表2中。 實例2(比較例） έ氟聚合物政絮物及間-芳酸胺fibrid混合物之水性分散 液係如下列般之非水性成份（重量％)之相對含量： 敦聚合物凝絮物約9 1 · 0 %，及 間-芳醯胺纖條體約9，〇 %。 濕法成網支撐片係如實例1般製備，但在約3〇〇及約3〇 psi下熱壓著約5分鐘。 ll聚合物凝絮物為約8wt%線性密度約〇 71 ^以且長度約 0.67公分之聚四氟乙烯凝絮物及約12wt%線性密度約11〇 tex 且長度約0.67公分之pfa凝絮物（由E. I. du Pont de Nemours 及Company以商標TEFLON®凝絮物銷售）之混合物。 間-芳酿胺纖條體係如美國專利第3,756,9〇8號中所述，由 聚（間伸苯基異苯二醯胺）製備。 取終非織造材料之性質列於表1中。 模型用自身潤滑承載係如實例1般製備且試驗。 摩擦試驗之結果列於表2中。 實例3(比較例） _________-14 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 591146 A7 B7 五、發明説明（12 ) DACR〇N®/TEFLON⑧7表載織物（以丁EFLON⑧及DACRON連 續細紗線為主之平織物，線性密度分別為44 tex(由Bally Ribbon Mills銷售））以如實例1之環氧樹脂浸潰，且以相同 技術製備模型用自身潤滑承載。 摩擦試驗結果列於表2中。 實例4(比較例） 含氟聚合物凝絮物、間-芳醯胺凝絮物、間-芳醯胺纖條 體及濕潤強度樹脂混合物之水性分散液係在下列非水性成 份之相對含量（重量％)下製備·· 氟聚合物凝絮物45.5%， 間-芳醯胺凝絮物24.5%， 間-芳醯胺凝絮物20.0%，及 濕潤強度樹脂10.0%。 如實例1般非織造材料之片狀物，且組合物之所有成份 均與實例1相同。非織造材料之性質列於表1中。 預浸潰體製備過程中，可能可以樹脂達到非織造片之充 分潤濕，因為形成之片狀物中高的結合物含量。 表1 實例 基質重量g/m2 厚度毫米 1 90 0.28 2 130 0.37 3 240 0.38 4 90 0.26 -15- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 591146 A7 B7 五、發明説明（13 ) 表2 實例 負荷25-30N下之 摩擦係數 負何 100-150N 下 之摩擦係數 100N下負荷 800分鐘後之磨 耗（mkm) 1 0.18 0.20 45 2 0.22 0.22 110 3 0.22 0.25 100 -16- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐)

Claims (1)

  1. A8 B8 第091116469號專利申請案 請專利範圍替換太rcn 申請專利範圍 •一種可浸透、樹脂可浸潰之非織造材料，包括分散於其 中之至V —種氟聚合物凝絮物，及至少一種可潤濕結構 陡有機/焚絮物之混合物；且其中該材料具有自丨7 g/m2 至8 1 0 g/m之基本重量及自002 mm至8.2 mm之厚度。 •如_ μ專利範圍第1項之可浸透、樹脂可浸潰之非織造 材料，尚包括結合物，其中之結合物基於該可浸透非織 造材料之重量為至多3 0 wt%。 3·如申請專利範圍第1項之可浸透、樹脂可浸潰之非織造 材料’其中之氟聚合物凝絮物基於混合物之重量為至少 30wt〇/〇。 4·如申凊專利範圍第1項之可浸透、樹脂可浸潰之非織造 材料’其中之氟聚合物凝絮物包括至少一種全氟化聚合 物。 5·如申請專利範圍第2項之可浸透、樹脂可浸潰之非織造 材料’其中之結合劑至少包括一種纖維材料。 6·如申請專利範圍第2項之可浸透、樹脂可浸潰之非織造 材料’其中之結合劑包括至少一種芳醯胺纖條體。 7·如申請專利範圍第2項之可浸透、樹脂可浸潰之非織造 材料’其中之結合劑包括至少一種芳酿胺纖條體及樹脂 之〉昆合物。 8· —種預浸潰體，其包括如申請專利範圍第1項之玎浸透 、樹脂可浸潰之非織造材料及基質樹脂。 9· 一種自身潤滑承載，其包括如申請專利範圍第1項之可 浸透、樹脂可浸潰之非織造材料。 591146 A BCD 六、申請專利範圍 1 〇. —種可浸透、樹脂可浸潰之非織造材料，包括分散於其 中之自40%至60wt%之氟聚合物凝絮物；及自1〇%至 40wt%之可潤濕結構性有機凝絮物之混合物；且其中該 材料具有自17 g/m2至81〇 g/m2之基本重量及自〇〇2 至8.2 mm之厚度。 1 1·如申請專利範圍第10項之可浸透、樹脂可浸潰之非織造 材料’尚包括自10%至2〇wt%之結合劑。 1 2. —種可浸透、樹脂可浸潰之非織造材料，包括分散於其 中之自40%至6〇wt%之氟聚合物凝絮物；及自6〇%至 40wt%之間-芳醯胺凝絮物之混合物；且其中該材料具 有自17 g/m2至8丨〇 g/m2之基本重量及自0.02 1111!1至8.2 mm之厚度。 13. —種可浸透、樹脂可浸潰之非織造材料，包括分散於其 中（45wt%之氟聚合物凝絮物；36wt%之間-芳醯胺凝絮 物，1〇重量％之間-芳醯胺纖條體及9wt°/〇之樹脂；且其 中該材料具有自17 g/m2至81〇 g/m2之基本重量及自' 〇 · 0 2 m m 至 8 · 2 rn m 之厚度。 I4· 一種製造如申請專利範圍第丨項之可浸透、樹脂可浸潰 之非織造材料之方法，包括之步驟為： a·)將包括可濕潤結構性有機凝絮物、氟聚合物凝絮 物及選用之結合劑之混合物水性分散液送到造紙裝置 之網上； b·)將水性分散液之水抽離潤濕之紙毯；及 c·)將濕潤毯烘乾。 -2 - 591146 8 8 8 8 A B c D •申請專利範圍 1 5.如申請專利範圍第14項之方法，尚包括壓延烘乾之非織 造材料，使材料進一步密實。 3- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
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