TW503304B - A device for catalytic treatment of fluids - Google Patents

A device for catalytic treatment of fluids Download PDF

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TW503304B
TW503304B TW090103509A TW90103509A TW503304B TW 503304 B TW503304 B TW 503304B TW 090103509 A TW090103509 A TW 090103509A TW 90103509 A TW90103509 A TW 90103509A TW 503304 B TW503304 B TW 503304B
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Taiwan
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heat exchanger
wire mesh
patent application
scope
item
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TW090103509A
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Fredrik Stromer
Lars Fogelberg
Narfgren Ake
Sven Andersson
Tomas Dahlberg
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Swep Int Ab
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/24Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J19/248Reactors comprising multiple separated flow channels
    • B01J19/249Plate-type reactors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/0027Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters using fluid fuel
    • F24H1/0045Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters using fluid fuel with catalytic combustion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2451Geometry of the reactor
    • B01J2219/2453Plates arranged in parallel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2451Geometry of the reactor
    • B01J2219/2456Geometry of the plates
    • B01J2219/2458Flat plates, i.e. plates which are not corrugated or otherwise structured, e.g. plates with cylindrical shape
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2461Heat exchange aspects
    • B01J2219/2462Heat exchange aspects the reactants being in indirect heat exchange with a non reacting heat exchange medium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2469Feeding means
    • B01J2219/247Feeding means for the reactants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2469Feeding means
    • B01J2219/2471Feeding means for the catalyst
    • B01J2219/2472Feeding means for the catalyst the catalyst being exchangeable on inserts other than plates, e.g. in bags
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2491Other constructional details
    • B01J2219/2498Additional structures inserted in the channels, e.g. plates, catalyst holding meshes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Description

503304 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明(丨) 本發明係關於一種進行流體催化處理及在該催化處理 前或後該流體與另一流體介質之間熱交換的裝置,該裝置 包含一種具有至少二個用來交換流體介質之間熱量之分離 周路的板式熱交換器,該周路係由數個相互連接之堆疊塔 板所劃分,該板式熱交換器每一周路各有一個入口和一個 出口 ’每一入口和出口各連通一個延伸至熱交換器內部大 致呈圓筒狀的汽門,其大部分垂直於熱交換器塔板之整體 方向,該汽門係與周路的其中之一連通。 舉例來說,要提供衛生用熱水和家庭加熱用水,已知 可使用具有以空氣催化燃燒氣體燃料或以空氣催化燃燒霧 化液體燃料之燃燒器的鍋爐。廢氣在離開該鍋爐燃燒室之 後通過一具熱交換器。該催化燃燒可提供產生乾淨廢氣的 有效燃燒。特別是NOx的含量可能極低。亦已知廢氣與待 加熱水之間的熱交換可在板式熱交換器中很有效率地進行 。催化燃燒器與板式熱交換器的組合無疑地可得到一種結 合乾淨燃燒與小巧、低重量設計等優點的裝置。 對於高溫使用而言,將熱交換器之塔板銅焊或熔接在 一起可很有效率地製造出板式熱交換器。然而,一般用來 進行催化燃燒的催化劑包含貴重金屬或金屬氧化物,其可 能受到高溫熔接或銅焊過程中所存在揮發物質的不利影饗 。因此,在製造板式熱交換器的方法中包含催化劑物質並 非明智之舉。 根據本發明,熱交換器的汽門至少有一個包含一個線 網催化劑元件,其係經密封且獨立連接至熱交換器在實際 3 尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) " " _ 一 通 — — — — — — — — — — 1· < — — — — — — — « — — — III— — (請先閱讀背面之注意事頊再填寫本貢) 503304 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(>) 汽門的開口,如此一來,通過汽門的流體便同時被強制通 過該線網催化劑元件。 如果該裝置係用於以空氣燃燒如天然氣或霧化流體燃 料,則該線網催化劑元件係與一個空氣燃燒燃料所用之點 火器一同安裝在板式熱交換器的入口汽門中。 然而,如果該線網催化劑元件係安裝在熱交換器的出 口汽門,用來催化裂解已經在板式熱交換器中預熱的流體 ,則同一將催化元件安裝在板式熱交換器中的方式可應用 在用來蒸發如甲醇而繼之使其催化裂解的裝置中。甲醇的 催化裂解可生成氫氣,其可用在隨後用來供電的燃料電池 中。 本發明更詳細的解釋及由此獲得的優點將由下列較佳 具體實施例的說明而更形明白,可參考所附圖式,其中: 圖1是一種根據本發明用於以空氣燃燒燃料並用來加 熱家庭用水之裝置的透視圖。 圖2是延著圖1之II-II線的剖面圖。 圖3是圖1和2所示裝置中二個鄰接之熱交換器塔板 的透視圖,該塔板是分離的。 圖4是圖2所示之燃燒器零件的透視分解圖。 圖5是用於圖2所示類型裝置之催化劑燃燒器的修正 具體實施例的剖面圖。 如圖1和圖2所示,板式熱交換器1係由數個堆疊塔 板2所組成,該塔板2劃分出二個分離的通道系統以供其 間二種不同的流體介質所用。如圖3所示,每一塔板2備 4 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 言· Γ •矣· 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 x 297公爱) 503304 A7 B7 五、發明說明(> ) 有4個孔3、4、5和6,其在塔板堆中可劃分出四個汽門 :二介質每一種各用一個入口和一個出口汽門來交換熱量 。圖2表示空氣燃燒燃料生成之廢氣所用的入口汽門7和 該氣體於低溫時離開裝置所用的出口汽門8。圖1中的參 考數字9表示待加熱水所用之入口,而已加熱水所用之出 口則以10表示。 圖2中更詳細地顯示,一個用來送入燃料與空氣之金 屬管11係固定在接盤12上,該接盤12再藉由螺栓14而 與塔板2堆中的末端塔板13保持接合。一形狀如部分球形 之第一透氣網15係連接至金屬管11的下端。該管11的下 端亦裝備有金屬密封板16,其係在徑向平面延伸並裝備有 第二管形透氣網17。該第二管形網17裝備有一個圓盤狀 金屬密封板18,直徑大於第二網18之第三管形網19則自 其向上延伸並牢牢地連接至板16。一電子點火器20係接 合於接盤12,用來起動燃燒。組件11、12及15-20構成 燃燒器單元21,由於其係藉由螺栓14來連接,故其可活 動且容易更換。單元21係另外表示於圖4,不過,其中各 組件已被拆開。 透氣網15、17和19最好包含一種以商品名Kanthal 所售種類之合金(主要係由鐵、鉻和鋁所組成,且廣泛用 於局溫電加熱旋管)爲主的金屬線網。該線網帶有一種如 二氧化矽或氧化鋁之陶瓷塗層,並再使其摻雜一種催化劑 金屬(如一種鈀族金屬或適當的金屬氧化物)。外網19之 直徑略小於入口汽門7的直徑,該汽門7係爲煤氣_空氣混 5 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 言·- r 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 503304 A7 ____ B7_______ 五、發明說明(& ) 合物燃燒生成之燃燒氣體所用且係由眾塔板2的孔洞3所 劃分。較佳該孔洞3之直徑大於其餘塔板孔洞4-6的直徑 〇 入口汽門7與出口汽門8係經由眾塔板2所劃分的通 道來連通,如習知的雙周路板式熱交換器中一般。汽門8 係連通一廢氣出口管22。待加熱水所用之入口 9和水出口 10係經由眾塔板2所構成之通道來連通,且位置靠近引 導廢氣通過板式熱交換器的通道。 圖I-4中所示之裝置將操作如下: 燃料(如天然氣或霧化流體燃料)與空氣的混合物係 向下通過管11,然後通入由第一和第二催化劑網15和17 所限定的空間。在此,燃料-空氣混合物係由電子點火器 20 (—個火星塞或傳統類型的電熱器旋管)來點火。藉由 使燃料-空氣混合物通過15、17和19等三網而使燃燒完全 。最大燃燒溫度將在約800。0此時燃燒氣體隨即經由眾 塔板2中所構成之相間通道通過板式熱交換器。其餘通道 則給待燃燒氣體加熱的水流動。如相關技藝中眾人所知者 ,板式熱交換器可具有好比其體積之大熱交換容量’而經 由廢氣出口管22離開該裝置的廢氣溫度可只比已加熱水之 溫度高出幾。C。如相關技藝眾人所知者’催化燃燒可用最 小的過量空氣來進行而產生非常乾淨的廢氣’甚至在Ν〇χ 含量方面。可得到高度的熱效率。 上述裝置爲非常小巧的設計,這是因爲燃燒器單元21 係位於入口汽門7內部。單元21的安裝方式使其可將眾塔 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS〉A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -------------^ *-------^---------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 503304 A7 B7 五、發明說明(< ) 板2銅焊或熔接在一起並與含催化劑之網15、17和19分 離。燃燒氣體從汽門7至汽門8的流動將遵循一種路徑, 而該路徑則是由其內所提供之流動阻力來劃分。最小的阻 力可由最短的距離來提供。爲了能利用到全部的熱交換器 體積,最好能使用不同厚度的第三網19,亦即,位在最靠 近出口汽門8之網19的零件可爲雙重線網所製。這在圖5 已顯示,其中網19最靠近出口汽門8的零件係由一種網零 件19a增補。當必要時,單元21可便於更換,且內建催化 劑燃燒器與板式熱交換器的組合,相對於其熱容量而言, 在低重量與體積方面是很傑出的。 所示裝置可用於需要在催化裂解之前預熱的流體催化 裂解。例如··甲醇可經由管22送入,藉由從前出口 1〇流 至前入口 9而通過交換器的熱水來預熱。已預熱之甲醇在 通過催化劑網19、17和15時便已裂解。經由管11離開該 裝置之水流可在之後作爲燃料電池所用之氧和氫的來源。 元件符號說明: — — — · I I ! I I I I «ΙΙΙΙΙΙΙ1 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 2 3 4 5 6 器 換 交 門 熱 汽 式板洞洞洞洞口 板塔孔孔孔孔入 適 一度1¾ 一纸 29 X 1(210 格 規 4 )A 5) N (C 準 標 503304 A7 _B7 五、發明說明(V ) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 8. 出口汽門 9. 水入口 10. 水出口 11. 管 12. 接盤 13. 末端塔板 14. 螺栓 15. 第一網 16. 密封板 17. 第二網 18. 密封板 19. 第三網 20. 點火器 21· 燃燒器單元 22. 煤氣管 I— m I m n n n n n .^1 I · n n n n n «n i ^ I n I I ϋ I— n n I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)

Claims (1)

  1. 503304 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 1. 一種用於流體催化處理及在該催化處理前或後該流 體與另一流體介質之間熱交換的裝置,該裝置包含: 一板式熱交換器(1),其具有至少二個用來交換流體介 質之間熱量的分離周路’該周路係由數個相互連接之堆疊 塔板(2)所劃分, 該板式熱交換器(1)的每一周路各有一個入口(9, U)和 一個出口(10, 22), 每一入口(11)和出口(22)係連通一個延伸至該板式熱交 換器(1)中大致呈圓筒狀的汽門(7, 8),其大部分垂直於熱交 換器塔板(2)的整體方向,每一汽門(7,8)則連通周路的其中 之一, 其特徵爲該汽門至少有一個(7)包含一個線網催化劑元 件(21),其係經密封(12)且獨立地(14)連接至熱交換器(1)在 實際汽門(7)的開口,如此一來,通過汽門(7)的流體便同時 被強制通過該線網催化劑元件(21)。 2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之裝置,其特徵爲該線網 催化劑元件(21)係與一個用於空氣燃燒燃料之點火器(20) 一 同安裝在該板式熱交換器的一個入口汽門(7)之中。 3. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之裝置,其特徵爲該線網 催化劑元件(21)係安裝在熱交換器(1)的一個出口汽門(7)中 ,用來催化裂解一種已經在板式熱交換器(1)中預熱的流體 〇 4·根據申請專利範圍第2項或第3項之裝置’其特徵 爲該線網催化劑元件(21)包含至少二個在流動路徑中連續 1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(21〇Χ297公釐) 0¾ (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、言' 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 503304 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 排列的分離線網催化劑(15, 17, 19)。 5. 根據申請專利範圍第4項之裝置,其特徵爲該分離 的線網催化劑至少有一個(17,19)大致呈圓筒狀且幾乎延伸 過汽門(7)的總長度。 6. 根據申請專利範圍第4項之裝置,其特徵爲該二個 線網催化劑其中之一(15)爲部份球形。 7. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之裝置,其特徵爲該線網 催化劑(15, 17, 19)包含Pd族金屬中的一種金屬或一種由陶 瓷承載的適當金屬氧化物,其之後係由一種耐熱金屬或耐 熱金屬合金網所攜帶。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 2 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2iOX297公釐)
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MY123619A (en) 2006-05-31
ES2230271T3 (es) 2005-05-01
EP1257770A1 (en) 2002-11-20
ATE283448T1 (de) 2004-12-15
SE0000591D0 (sv) 2000-02-24
EP1257770B1 (en) 2004-11-24
DE60107390T2 (de) 2005-12-01
JP2003524140A (ja) 2003-08-12
PT1257770E (pt) 2005-03-31
SE514682C2 (sv) 2001-04-02
US20030051865A1 (en) 2003-03-20
KR20020073529A (ko) 2002-09-26
PL195786B1 (pl) 2007-10-31
CN1175201C (zh) 2004-11-10
PL356384A1 (en) 2004-06-28
DE60107390D1 (de) 2004-12-30

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