TW458827B - Process for preparing nanosize metal-based powders - Google Patents
Process for preparing nanosize metal-based powders Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW458827B TW458827B TW088114090A TW88114090A TW458827B TW 458827 B TW458827 B TW 458827B TW 088114090 A TW088114090 A TW 088114090A TW 88114090 A TW88114090 A TW 88114090A TW 458827 B TW458827 B TW 458827B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- copolymer
- metal
- item
- scope
- thorium
- Prior art date
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 file Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004709 eyebrow Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000004789 Rosa xanthina Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241000109329 Rosa xanthina Species 0.000 claims 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GSWAOPJLTADLTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidanimine Chemical compound [O-][NH3+] GSWAOPJLTADLTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium atom Chemical compound [Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 10
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OWGUVMAUDAKIND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.N.O.[Ar] Chemical compound N.N.O.[Ar] OWGUVMAUDAKIND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical group [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YIWGJFPJRAEKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2H-benzotriazol-5-yl)-3-methyl-8-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carbonyl]-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(c2ccc3n[nH]nc3c2)C2(CCN(CC2)C(=O)c2cnc(NCc3cccc(OC(F)(F)F)c3)nc2)C1=O YIWGJFPJRAEKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNXDHCINGURTBP-UHFFFAOYSA-J C(C)(=O)[O-].[Re+4].C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)(=O)[O-] Chemical compound C(C)(=O)[O-].[Re+4].C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)(=O)[O-].C(C)(=O)[O-] GNXDHCINGURTBP-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000258920 Chilopoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252095 Congridae Species 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- DPOPAJRDYZGTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=N1 DPOPAJRDYZGTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010165 TiCu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- MJOQJPYNENPSSS-XQHKEYJVSA-N [(3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxyoxan-3-yl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[C@@H]1CO[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O MJOQJPYNENPSSS-XQHKEYJVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000436 anus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSWNRHCOGVRDOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylmethanimidamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=N DSWNRHCOGVRDOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FYWSTUCDSVYLPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrooxythallium Chemical compound [Tl+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYWSTUCDSVYLPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002520 smart material Substances 0.000 description 1
- SDKPSXWGRWWLKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)[O-] SDKPSXWGRWWLKR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VGBPIHVLVSGJGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium(4+);tetranitrate Chemical class [Th+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VGBPIHVLVSGJGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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Description
45 88 A7 B7 經濟邠智慧財產局員工消费合作社印製 五、發明說明(1) 本發明係關於一種毫微規格金屬或以金屬為主的粉末 之製造方法。尤其是,本發明關於一種以赵屬里溶液與兩 親性ά質製備毫微規格粉末之方法。 毫微規格與亞微細粒尺寸的金屬化金屬氧化物顆粒為 一具有價值的工業商品,其係獲知可用於許多用途中,包 括製造諸如使用於化學工業中之工業觸媒,製造陶瓷'電 子零件 '塗料,製造觸媒、電容器、機械-化學拋光研漿、 磁帶’以及作為例如用於塑膠、顏料、化妝品者之填充物β 許多技術可用在製造具有非常細微顆粒大小之金屬或 金屬氧化物粉末上。此類技術包括溶液製程以及高溫氣相 與凝結相合成。對於可用來製造毫徵級顆粒之一般的技術 之综合性評論,參見例如公開於Industrial Engineering and Chemical Research之期刊 1996年第 35冊第 349-377頁中,V. Hiavacek與 J. Pnszynski之,’Chemical Engineering Aspects of Advanced Ceramic materials” a 溶朦-凝朦處理之一般的 概論被敘述於由 David J. Wedlock, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd·,所編輯 1994 年版第 1-38 頁之”Controlled Particle, Droplet and Bubble” 中 ° 儘管有許多的生產過程可用,毫微規格粉末通常是昂 貴的並且難以大量製備,因而限制它們的應用,例如對於 高科技陶瓷》 一用以製造毫微米尺寸顆粒之經簡化的生產程序被說 明於美國專利第5,240,493號中。被說明的方法要求鍛燒 含金屬陽離子之聚胺基曱睃乙SI泡沫•在一相關的生產程 本紙張尺度適用申國國家襟準(CNS)A4現格(210 * 297公釐) ------------f:---I L----訂-----------線 (諝先閲讀背面之法意事項再填窵本頁) Λ7 Β7 五、發明說明( 序中,美國專利第5,698,483號說明將含有金屬鹽之水性 連續相與親水性:有機聚合物混合’形成—凝膠,接著熱處 理凝膠,以去除水與有機物,留下為殘餘物之毫微規格之 粉末。藉由被揭露的方法從聚合物中所產生的金屬氧化物 之產率非常低,並且藉由使用中間乾燥步驟而被改進。 所以,期望發展出男效成本之生產程序,而能夠生產 具有一致的細微顆粒尺寸之金屬或金屬氧化物粉末。亦期 望具有一個能夠使用對一聚合物之比例上具有該含量的金 屬而被操作之生產程序3亦為有利的是,若此類的生產程 序能夠為了以高產率製造金屬粉末而被提供。 本發明是一種藉由在一足夠能從组成物令騍除有機物 之溫度下進行鍛燒來製備毫微規格的金屬或金屬氧化物粉 不之方法,該組成物係包含(a)包含至少一種金屬鹽之溶 液;(b)—含有兩親性氡化乙烯之共聚物,其中該共聚物 具有大於400之平均分子重,氧化乙烯含量為1至9〇0/。並且 親水性-親油性平衡在-15與15之間:(c)任選地,一凝结劑, 但需在鋁是唯一的金屬之條件下,一凝结劑才會出現。 該方法製造高純度與均一尺寸之以金屬為主的粉束。 藉由此合金屬鹽與共聚物而在本方法中所形成的糊劑與其 他一 π的方法相比,其包含高濃度的金屬。具有高金屬:農 度之糊劑的形成有利於其降低在鍛燒期間或之前需要從糊 劑中被移除的水量.並且與現存之技術相比會減少成本: 根據本發明之方法,已出平意料地發現藉由將至少— 種的屬靈與含1氣.:ς二烯之兩親性共聚物混合f與使两 - 1 -I ί > H I —i t · n n : r fif an in i (請先閱璜背面之注意事項再填寫本I> 經濟部智慧財產局員X.消f合作钍印製 468827 A7 _____ B7 五、發明說明(3 ) 親水性共聚物之相似的已知方法相比,較高濃度的金屬鹽 與里類比共聚物之較高比例可以被使用a鹽類比共聚物之 高比例的使用膝在添加共聚物時鹽溶液在活性上的減少減 到最小。在本文f,活性被定義成在鍛燒1〇〇克的金屬鹽 溶液或金眉鹽/共聚物糊劑後所得到的金屬氧化物之克 數另外’與在缺少共聚物之情況下所製備之顆粒的表面 積相比’本方法給予在毫微規格尺寸顆粒之表面積實質上 的增加。毫微規格顆粒表示最初的顆粒或晶體大小約為200 毫微米或是更小’較佳是在從5到100毫徵米的範圍中β 根據本發明將共聚物舆金屬鹽混合而產主一金屬鹽/ 共聚物糊劑*在本文中被使用之字詞》糊劑”表示軟、光滑 的固體或半固體。當共聚物被添加到金屬溶液時,一糊劑 被形成》 適合在本發明中使用之共聚物為含有氡化乙烯之兩親 性共聚物,其中氧化乙烯的含置大於約5%的共聚物。更 好在共聚物中的氧化乙烯含量約為8%或更大,最好的是, 在共聚物中的象化乙缚含量約為1〇%或更大,較佳地,氧 化乙稀小於約80%的共聚物》更佳的是,在共聚物中的氡 化乙烯含量小於約75%。在本方法之較佳實施例中,共聚 物為包含氧化乙烯之間區共聚物。 在此所使用的字詞’’兩親性”表示一種具有在與15 之間的HLB之化合物’該HLB係如由Davis, Proc. Intern
Congr. Surface Activity, Vol. 1 London 1957, ρ· 426所計算 者*該生產程序將數值指定給不同的基團,例如,親水性 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標攀(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱 (請先閱請背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝--- 訂--------線- 6 埵普部智慧財產鬲覉工湞費合作社印犮 A7 _____87_ 五、發明說明(4 ) 基團-S04Na+、-COOK—、及-C〇OH分別被指定數值—38.7、 + 21.2、及+2.1;疏水性基團>〇^、(:112-、及(:113皆被指定 成一個-0.475的數值》對於一給定的結構,HLB數目被計 算’係藉由基團數目代入下列的方程式中: HLB=[(親水性基團數目)+ Σ (親油性基困數目)+ 7 較佳地,在本方法中所使用的共聚物具有大於_10的 HLB ’且較好小於133更加的是,共聚物具有-5至10的HLB 平衡。 如上數HLB所界定之親水性化合物顯示在外界條件 下,或是在固態物質在某稍微高於其熔點之升高溫度下(例 如對於高分子重量線型聚氧化乙烯為約6CTC )的情況下, 所有的比例與水完全可溶之傾相。反之,親油性化合物顯 示與水完全不可溶之傾向’甚至是在升高溫度下。對於本 發明之共聚物之HLB數值的範圍表示一個包含當與水混合 時(或對於固體,在輕度加熱之後)形成液態兩相系統之物 質1使得兩相的至少一相包含超過微量數量的相反相之中 間情況。對於本發明之目的,此中間類別稱為兩親性,與 分別表示HLB數值範圍之上與下段之親水性與親油性之類 別相反=總而言之,在此使用之HLB> 1 5表示親水性化合 物:HLB為-15至15表示兩親性化合物;以及HLB<15表示 親油性化合物3 除了兵聚物之氧化乙烯之外,為了得到金屬氡化物所 欲的產季,本發明所使用的共聚物具有大於4〇〇的平均分 子重:較佳地 兵聚.物具有大於500的早均分子重^更好 ------------------_—---訂 - - ------I <請先Mti背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 46 8827 五、發明說明(5 的是,共聚物具有大於750的平均分子重。最好的是,共 聚物具有大於1000的平均分子重《一般而言,共聚物的平 均分子重小於約1〇〇,〇〇〇。較佳地,共聚物的平均分子重 小於80,000。更好的是,共聚物具有小於5〇,〇〇〇的平均分 子重。 具有在此所述之百分比氧化乙烯含量與乎均分子重之 氧化乙烯共聚物可以藉由在製造氧化乙烯共聚物之技藝中 之表準生產程序來被生產。 如在此所用者,字詞,,金眉”表示如在週期表中選自下 列族之元素:第 2a、3a、4a、5a、6a ; 2b、3b、4b ' 5b、 6b、7b、8、lb舆2b族;鑭系稀土族元素;以及婀系元素, 所定義之金屬或類金屬元素》原則上,金屬可以是任何— 種期望自其得到粉末之元素,然而,那些目前具有最大的 工業價值與適合在本發明中使用的元素包括:網、鋇、链、 鉻、錘、釔、鋁、鋰、鐵、銻、鉍、鉛、鈣、鎂 '銅、硼、 鎘、绝、鈽、錄、辑、銪、金、給、欽、銦、汞、鋇、鈮、 餓 '鈀、鉑、錯、銖、铑、铷、釕、釤、銃、鈉、鉅、钍' 铥、錫、鋅、鎳、飲、鎢、鈾、飢、鏡、猛、鈷、釓,戋 其兩者或超過兩種以上之混合物》 當使用金屬鹽、硝酸鋁,而得到具有超過單獨使用金 屬鹽之一增加的表面積的毫微規格顆粒時,已經親察到如 本文所揭露般鋁需要配合一凝結劑來被使用β 被使用的金屬可以根據用途而作變化。例如,對於電 氣用途,諸如電氣電容器,金屬Bi、Ba、Cu、La、Mg、 本纸張尺度適用中圈國家標翠<CNS)A4规格(210 X 297公1 ) (請先閱讀背面之;i意事項再填寫本頁> ------r---訂-‘-------- 缦濟部智慧財產局員J1消费合作钍印製 Λ7 Λ7 竣濟部智慧材產局員二消費合作ί££0製 鹽 金 鹽 五、發明說明(6 )
Nb %、T!、Zr或前述金屬之思合物被製備。為了在自 ^媒令使用,Ai、Ce、La、Mg 或其前述金 廣之混合物被製備。 金屬一般被用在形成—種鹽類·,該逢類係被溶解在諸 如水醇、丙酮、四氣吃喃、二甲基甲㈣之溶m 或,、他根據其各解金屬里之能力或對於其與共聚物之相合 性所選出的溶劑系統中。溶計較佳是水。存在於溶劑中的 金屬鹽濃度考慮到其溶解度限制實際上會儘可能地高。在 可能的情況了,較好使用在外界溫度下實質上為飽和溶液 之含水組成物。鹽類溶液之活性將會取決於金屬鹽之溶解 度與金屬或以金屬為主的化合物之分子重與金屬鹽分絚重 之比。對於容易溶在水中’諸如硝酸鹽之金屬鹽類,該金 屬溶液一般具有大於5%的活性•較佳地’此類的溶液具 有7%或更大的活性=更好的是,溶液具有10%或更大的 活性。最好是,溶液具有15%或更大的活性。一般而言, 商業上的金屬鹽溶液具有小於50%的活性。 被添加到金屬鹽之共聚物的量一般為不會使開始的 類溶液之活性減少到超過50%的量(將在鍛燒之後從一 屬鹽溶液中所得到之氣化物克數與在緞燒之後從一金屬 /共聚物混合物中所得到之氧化物克數相比較)。較佳地· 被添加至金屬鹽之共聚物量造成45%活性上的減少,更佳 的是‘被添如到金属里之共聚物的量導致活性的減少量小 於40%,金屬鹽與聚合物之比是最好的’使得活性的減少 量是3ΰ%或更少‘ -------1-----------ί----'訂·-------* {清先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 5 8 8 2 / a: __B7______ 五、發明說明(7 ) 雖然,一凝結劑不是較佳地可以被加到金屬鹽/兩親 性共聚物中。此類的凝結劑被揭露於1999年1月28日公告 之WO99/03629中。一般而言,凝結劑為任何能夠引起凝 結之物質*此即,從一流體狀態導致一改變而成固體或半 固體狀態,此即糊劑。 除了幫助糊劑之形成,觀察到搿於某金屬,凝結劑外 加共聚物之添加將會增加毫微規格顆粒的表面積,優於以 單獨添加共聚物所觀察到的,例如鈦與锆。對於某些金屬 鹽,諸如鈽,當與單獨與使用共聚物相比時,凝結劑之添 加將會減少毫微規格顆粒的表面積。判定凝結劑將是否會 提高超過單獨使用共聚物所得到之表面積可以根據本文所 教示者進行判定。 C ·· 一凝結劑與任何水,或是載體溶劑與凝結劑之添加將 會顯著地減少活性》 凝結劑可以是有機或無機物質。有利地,該物質在^_ 解/鍛燒之後應該不會留下任何殘餘物。當凝結劑為一有 機物質時,適合為一級或二級銨、醯胺、或醇胺。例如, 單己醇胺、二乙醇胺為特別合適者。當凝結劑為一無機物 質時,適合的鹼性物質包括例如氩氧化銨、碳酸氫銨、碳 酸銨。無機、酸性之凝結劑的例示包括硫化氫。有機凝結 劑的例示包括檸樣酸、乙烯基二胺四乙酸酯或其他羧酸化 合物。 當使罔時’較佳地,凝結劑為一諸如銨溶液或鹼性氫 氧化物溶液之氫氧化物,諸如鈉或鉀。由於氩氧化銨之高 ----------- I ί I ^ I ----!訂 *!!!·^^ f辟先閱讀背*之注♦?事項再填鸾本頁> 10 - 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作71印*':^ 夂蚌.ft ______B:____ 五、發明說明(8 ) 驗性、導致迅迷凝結結果的吸水溶解度、及缺少額外的金 屬等性質’故其為較佳者。氫氧化銨可以水溶液、使Nh4 氣體發泡之形式,或是更替地藉由使用先質在原處生成而 被導入。先質的例示包括氨氣與尿素。暴露在熱能量下的 尿素會進行分解,而導致新生態氨的產生,其係在水性環 境中’供用來直接形成氫氧化銨。藉由尿素來形成氩氧化 敍供用於凝結劑遍佈組成物之極有效的分布,並且在任何 情沉下優於可藉由直接導入與機械混合所能達成者。 欲加入凝結劑之量較佳至少為要求考慮凝結出金屬的 量。 本發明之方法造成具有超過無共聚物所產生之粉末的 表面積的增加量之以金屬為主的粉末。一般而言,當選擇 在本文中所揭露之條件時’表面積的增加量比30%大。較 佳地,被加到金屬鹽之共聚物的量使粉末具有大於5〇%的 表面積增加量。更好的是,加到金屬鹽之共聚物被選擇, 以使粉末具有75%的表面積增加量。 任何通$被使用在推合點揭液趙之設備可以被用來製 造本發明之組成物。此類的設備供用於在高切應力的條件 下,將經控制量的水性鹼性溶液與包含金屬鹽與共聚組成 物之水性組成物有效地混合。目前相信的是期望在混合 期間有高切應力,而可以在糊劑中之鹽類良好的分散。相 反地‘相信在混合期間之低切應力率,對於在方法期間金 屬鹽晶體之生長提供-個被不期望的機會。能夠有效地说 合组成的方法為較佳者 '諸如美國專利第5 688 842 -_____|n ................. 尺遇甲由舀舀家標進卜l:NS)A.i規格t餐 . * --------1 ^---------^ ί靖先閱讀背面-注意事項再填寫本頁) 45 882 娌濟部智慧財產扃t工消費合作社印焚 A7 B7 玉、發明說明(9) 揭露的技術。 在控制條件下鍛燒時,供用於移除所有的有機物質之 • \ 揭露組成物導致實質上具有一致尺寸、以金屬為主的粉 末a典型地,鍛燒條件要求組成物暴露在從300°C至3000 °c的溫度下,且較佳地從4〇〇r到1 〇〇〇t經歷一段從少數 幾分鐘到許多小時的期間.任意地,經形成的金屬鹽/共 聚物糊劑可以在進行鍛燒之前被乾燥。在鍛燒以前經形成 的糊劑之鍛燒可以增加毫微規格顆粒的表面積,特別是在 使用凝結劑之時。 具有毫微規格尺寸之被說明的含金屬粉末在製造陶瓷 物件、工業觸媒、電子零件,以及作為供塑膠、顏料或化 妝用品用之填充物上具有價值。當作為填充物被使用時, 根據整個母體舆粉末的總重量,含金屬的粉末典型將會存 在從0.1至50的量*更通常是存在從1至25重量百分比的 量。整個母體會是例如包括熱固性或熱塑性聚合物之塑 膠、顏料、或是化妝用組成物、乳劑或油*毫微規格顆粒 亦可以被用在化學_機械拋光上,如美國專利第4,057,939 號所揭露者。 本發明對於提供在諸如那些用於減少廢棄排放之觸媒 支律物上之觸媒特別有用。例如,在锻燒前的組成物可以 首先在適合於廢棄排放控制之觸媒支撐物(例如,金屬、 陶瓷或其兩者之組合)之至少一部份的表面上被沉積。較 佳地,觸媒基材是選自菫青石、高鋁紅枉石與其纪合之陶 瓷。更好的是’該基材是菫青石、針狀高鋁紅柱石或是其 本纸張尺度適用中园國家標準(CNS)A4燒格(210 * 297公釐) -------------- 裝-----Γ---訂—------線— < {請先閱讀背面之主奢?事項再填寫本頁) 12 Λ7
五、發明說明(10 ) 組成。 本發明藉由下列之例示而被舉例說明。除非另有指示 所有4量已份重量表示* 例示1-9 一系列的硝酸亞鈽(Ce(N03)3· 6H2〇)溶液藉由將〇.5、 i.2及3kg的項酸亞筛加到一升水中而製備3此分別表示 13.2、19.8、26.4及29_ 7之計算活性。對於8〇份不同的鹽 類溶液添加20份重量的共聚物,如表I所列,表1係給定 起始劑之名稱及化學式、分子重、氡化乙烯、環氧化丙稀 與/或丁嫌之百分比與共聚物之HLB。對於〇.5 ' 1、2與3kg 加上1升水溶液加入20份重量的共聚物分別對於起始金屬 重/共聚物混合物產生10.6、15.9,21.1及23-8之計算活性, 共聚物A-1為本發明之例示並且共聚物J-Q為比較上的 目的而被顯示a -------------.^-----=----訂---------線 (琦先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 逯爷邪智慧財產局員二湞f令作钍印製 4 5 882 7 λ: _B7 五 '發明說明(11 ) 表I 共聚物之說明 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 共聚物 MW 起始劑片段 %EO %PO %BO HLB A* 458.5 CH3 + 11.6CH2+0 (稱為ct26脂肪族醇) 57.6 0.0 0.0 4.3 B* 502.5 CH3+ll+6CH2+0 (稱為cI26脂肪族醇) 61.3 0.0 0.0 4.6 C* 704 CH3+15CH2+0 (稱為c16脂肪族酵) 37.5 33.0 0.0 2.1 D* 1563 CH3+12CH2+0 (稱為c,3線型畔) 46.4 40.6 0.0 5.9 E 1691 ch3+o(甲畔) 33.8 0.0 64.3 2.7 F 2152 ch3+o(甲醇) 67.1 0.0 31.4 丨 12.8 G 4090 ch3+o(甲醇) 54.6 0.0 44.6 8.7 H* 5000 2CH3+30+CH (丙三酵) 12.0 86.2 0.0 0.2 I* 11148 2CH2 + 60+4CH (花楸醇) 14.8 83.6 0.0 0.2 J*a 400 2CH2+2CH3+2CH + 30 (雙-羥基-η-丙*ί) 0,0 100.0 0.0 6.0 K*a 400 4CH3+30 (單蓖麻油酸) 100.0 0.0 0.0 10.0 L*a 974 2CH,+60+4CH (花‘酵) 81.3 0.0 0.0 17.9 M*a 4000 2CH2 + 2CH3+2CH + 30 (雙-> -羥基-n-丙瞇) 0.0 100.0 0.0 -3.3 N*a 5000 2CH. + 30+2CH (丙三蘚) 74.0 24.2 0.0 31.5 Oa 8000 2CH2+60+4CH (楸酵) 90.0 7.7 0.0 64.4 p*a 8000 4CH, + 30 (單免麻油酸) 100.0 0.0 0.0 67.0 Qa 10000 4CH.+30 (單蓖麻油酸) 80.0 0.0 0.0 61.8 *商業上可來自於陶氏化學公司 a不為本發明之例示 ·'----^-----II 訂------I ί請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國圉家標準(CNS)A4規格(2Ι〇χ 297公釐) 14 A: ____ B:___ 五、發明說明(12 ) 在將共聚物加入金屬鹽之後,混合物利用一旋轉式混 合器(Servis Heidolph Model RGL 500)被怏速地混合。糊 劑之形成發生在三十秒之内。所得到的糊劑接著在500'C 下鍛燒兩小時’以燒去有機物質(溫度以25°C 分鐘的速率 增加直到達到鍛燒溫度)。合成出來的粉末之表面積藉由 使用來自 Miromeritics Instrument Corporation之Pulse Chemisorb Mode】 2700之BET N2吸收技術來被測量。以金屬鹽濃度 之不同程度所得到的產率與表面積顯示於表Η中。未添加 任何聚合物所得到的顆粒之表面積對於〇 5、i、2、及3kg 金展鹽加上1升的水之起始溶液分別是54、62、65與 65m2/g(在表n中標示為I、D、m與IV)。與缺少共聚物 相比或與使用親水性或親湳性共聚物相比,結果顯示在使 用兩親性共聚物所產生的微粒級顆粒之表面積上有實質上 的增加。 Μ---------------^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社£.¾
A7 458827 五、發明說明… " 表肛 以表面谢S人換活睹表示之结果,潍被定義為的嫌100克的起始共致物礙勝 例示共聚物 I 41}¾¾ I 私 pl n^iSA m之活性 m之sa IV^SjV 1 A* 12.8 160 17.0 150 24,0 97 24.3 51 2 B* 12.5 175 18-4 159 23.2 97 23.5 60 3 C* 12.7 115 18.1 121 23.2 74 26.6 68 4 D* 11,6 169 17.1 156 22.8 150 25.8 155 5 E 11.9 143 17.3 133 23.6 140 26.5 146 6 F 11.7 143 17.1 118 22.7 121 25.9 153 7 G 11.2 137 16,8 110 22.0 74 24.8 21 8 H* 12.1 132 17.9 117 22.3 101 25.3 102 9 12.9 159 18.3 129 23,4 110 26.9 123 1C J*a 14.1 116 17.1 56 16.1 15 16.0 14 2C Κ*Λ 14.2 105 16,1 78 21.4 75 21.5 47 3C L** 11,4 137 16.3 24 20.6 3 23.9 4 4C M*ar 12.1 103 20-6 8¾ 23.8 81 23.1 44 5c N*e 12,9 78 17.3 61 17.5 37 20.0 42 6C 0 14.5 80 17.7 60 14.9 31 9.9 28 7c P*1 13,0 84 17.5 72 20.1 33 15.2 31 SC Q* 14.2 75 17.0 56 21.5 30 18.5 17 *商業上可來於陶氏化學公司 a不為本發明之例示 -111111^111-^— — — — — 訂- Γ — Γιιί (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印$^ 本紙張尺度適用t國國家標準(CNS>A4規格(21〇 χ 297公爱) 16 五 A7 B: 發明說明(14 )例示10-13 在水中27%的氣化鈦活性溶液藉由將64 4份的丁丨(:14與 35.6份的水(以重量計)緩慢地摻合而被製成。藉由在強力 的攪拌下,以如表ΠΙ所示之不同的溶液/共聚物比例將預 疋量的TiCU溶液與共聚物D混合來製備糊劑(pbyv=份重 量)°所得到的糊劑在50°C下被鍛燒2個小時。有添加作為 凝結劑之NH4〇H與沒有添加作為凝結劑之νη4〇η所形成 的金屬粉末之表面積與活性被表示在表皿中。氫氧化较在 加入共聚物之後被添加。 表皿 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印袈 來自氣化氣之毫微規格顆粒 樣品 9C* 10c* 10 11 12 13 Pbw TiCl4溶液 50 50 30 30 40 40 Pbw共聚物D 0 0 20 20 10 10 Pbw NH4OH(25%) 0 40 0 30 0 40 表面積(m:/g) 41 58 71 84 59 73 活性(g氧化物/10〇g 樹脂) 27 16.7 16.1 10.6 22.4 12,6 :不為本發明之例示 例示14·17 锆與铈之混合金屬溶液藉由將自Magnes!um Electronic Limited所得到100g的氧化鉛洛膨與丨8.3克的硝 酸亞鈽ί πη ’ 混合而被製備此Zr/Ce的混合物在锻 i ^-------I ^----I--- ·線 先閱讀背面之注意事項再填駕本頁) I又 .遇用*國®家標it (CNS)A.i規格(21(丨:<297公* 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 5 8827 A7 __B7___ 五、發明說明(15 ) 燒期間給定一 80/20的Zr0/Ce02的重量百分比。凝膠藉由 在強力的攪拌下,將不同量的金屬溶液、共聚物D及如表 IV所表示作為凝結劑之NH4OH混合來被製備《氫氧化銨 在加入共聚物之後被添加。所得到的凝膠在500°C下被鍛 燒兩小時。所形成的金屬粉末之表面積與活性表示於表IV 中0
表IV 使用Zr/Ce所得到的毫微規格粉末 樣品 11C* 12C* 14 15 13C* 14C* 16 17 Pbw金屬溶液 50 50 30 30 40 40 40 40 Pbw共聚物D 0 0 20 20 10 10 10 10 Pbw NH^OH 25% 0 40 :0 30 0 40 0 5 表面積(m2/g) 41 58 71 84 59 73 '76 88 活性 27 16.7 16.1 10.6 22.4 12.6 3.11 1.53 *例示不為部分的發明 例示18-37 乙酸鈽溶液藉由將20克的乙酸鈽· H20與〗00克的水 混合而被製備。糊劑藉由在強力的攪拌之下將不同量的金 屬溶液、共聚物D及如表V所表示作為凝結劑之NH4〇H混 合而被製備。氩氧化銨在加入共聚物之後被添加。所得到 的糊劑在500°C下被鍛燒兩小時。所形成的金屬粉末之表 面積與活性表示於表V中 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格<210x 297公爱) —I —--I I I ---伴 11----I ^ « — — hlll — 1 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本I> 18 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作祍^¾ A7 .______B^__ 五、發明說明(16 )
表V 使用乙酸鈽所得到的毫微規格粉末 樣品 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 " 27 : PBW金屬溶液 7.59 7.59 16.00 16.00 40.02 40-02 4〇·00!40·00 9.02 9.02 PBW共聚物D 9.40 9.40 9.90 9.90 16.51 16.51 14,25 14.25 22.321:2.32 ! PBW過量的水 26,75 26.75 16.75 16.75 8.87 8.S7 0,00 0.00 20.6 20.6 , PBW NH.OH 25% 3.25 0.00 6.86 0.00 17.15 0.00 17.00 0.00 3.86 0.00 i 表面積(m2/g) 50(TC 鍛燒 95 111 98 121 115 123 121 130 109 107 活性 1.4 1.3 2.8 2.9 1.5 3.9 4.3 5.1 0.7 1.6 表V(接上表) 樣品 ^ 28 29 30 -31 32 33 34 35 36 37 PBW金屬溶液 15.00 15.00 25.35 25.35 11.38 11.38 19.51 19.51 10,54 10.54 PBW共聚物D 18.57 18.57 24.14 24.14 42,26 42.26 41.81 41.81 60.20 60.20 PBW過量的水 6.42 6.42 0.00 0.00 11.92 11.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 PBW ΝΗ,ΟΗ 25% 6.42 0,00 10.86 0.00 4.88 0.00 8.36 0.00 4.52 0.00 _表面積(mVg) 500°C 鍛燒 124 123 I2S 128 113 113 111 125 98 123 活性 0.9 3.3 1.4 3.7 1.2 1.5 1.9 2.7 Ι.Ϊ 1.3 Μ示 38-S7 用於例示1 8-37之生產程序對於例示38-57重複進行, 除了鍛燒溫度為400Χ'進行兩小時 所得到的毫微規格顆 粒之表面積如下: νΐη«···Ι 1私---'illl^lg), I. ί、.渋張 &厘透用巾 (CKS)Al ^¥7210 - —— --------------------訂---I----- (請先閱讀背*之注意事項再填寫本頁) 19 五、發明說明(π ) 例示 表面積(m2/g) 例示 表面積(m2/g) 38 125 48 109 39 87 49 108 40 113 50 123 41 105 51 136 42 126 52 114 43 124 53 117 44 110 54 1 Π 45 129 55 125 46 111 56 106 47 91 57 106 -------:---:11 — ^-----— —訂 i —r--!·線 <請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本I) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印5衣 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公衮) 20
Claims (1)
- A8 B8 C8 Π8 4 5 882 7 六、申請專利範圍 第088U4090號專利申請案申請專利範圍修正本 修正曰期· 89年丨2月疗汾 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1. 一種用於製備毫微規格金屬或以金屬為主的粉末之方 法,其係藉由在一個足夠從一組成物中驅除有機物之 溫度下被煅燒,該組成物係包含:(3)包含至少—種金 屬鹽之溶液;(b) —含有兩親性氧化乙烯之共聚物’其 中該共聚物具有大於400的平均分子量,氧化乙烯含量 為I至90%並且親水性-親油性平衡(HLB)在_丨5與15之 間;(c)任選地,一凝結劑,但需在鋁是唯一的金屬的 條件下’ 一凝結劑才會存在。 2-如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該共聚物具有8至 80%的氧化乙烯含量。 3·如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中該共聚物具有1〇至 75%的氧化乙烯含量。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該共聚物具有的平 均分子量在500至1〇〇,〇〇〇之間。 5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之方法,其中該共聚物具有的平 均分子量在750至80,〇〇〇之間。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 6. 如申請專利範圍第丨項之方法,其中該共聚物具有hLb 為-10至13。 7. 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中該共聚物具有hlb 為0至13。 8. 如申請專利範圍第5項之方法,其中該共聚物具有10至 75%的氧化乙烯含量。 本紙張尺度通用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐 -21 - A8 η D8 _ 六、申請專利範圍 9. 如申請專利範圍第8項之方法,其中該共聚物具有hlb 為-10至13。 (请先閱讀背面之注意ί項再填寫本頁W 10. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該金屬鹽係選自 一種或多種來自週期表第2&至仏族、第卟至8族、鑭系 及婀系所列之元素的金屬。 11·如申清專利範圍第10項之方法,其中該金屬鹽選自下 列一種或多種之金屬:鑭、鋇'锶、鉻、銼、釔、鋁' 鋰、鐵、銻、鉍、鉛、鈣、鎂、銅、硼、鎘、铯、鈽、 鏑、铒、銪、金、姶、鈥、钕、镏、汞、鋇、鈮、餓、 把、始、錯、鍊、姥、物、釘 '龄、銳、納、组 ' 处、 链、錫、鋅、鎳、鈦、鎢、鈾、釩及镱。 12. 如申請專利範圍第11項之方法,其中該金屬為锆、釔、 鈽、鑭、鈮、鎂、鋁或其混合物。 13. 如申請專利範圍第1項中之方法,其中該組成物在範 圍從300°C至1000°C的溫度下被加熱處理。 14. 如申請專利範圍第13項之方法,其中該金屬鹽溶液為 水性鹽溶液。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印*'·《 15 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其令該組成物進—步 包含(c)作為一凝結劑。 16. 如申請專利範圍第1 5項之方法,其中該凝结劑包含氣 氧化銨或醇銨。 17, 如申請專利範圍第13 ' 14、15或16項中任一項之方法, 其係進一步包含在鍛燒前,將組成物沉積在一觸媒基 材之一表面的至少一部份上。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規烙(210 X 297公爱) 22 458327 g D8 六、申請專利範圍 18. 如申請專利範圍第Π項之方法,其十該觸媒基材由金 屬、陶瓷、或其組成物所組成。 19. 如申請專利範圍第18項之方法,其中該觸媒基材為__ 種選自堇青石、高铭紅其組成物之陶完。 20,一種觸媒,其係包含一具有一表面之觸媒基材,其中 該表面之至少一部分上被沈積以如申請專利範圍第1至 11項中任一項之金屬或以金屬為主的毫微規格粉末。 -------;---I--I ---I ----訂-- -----.-- <請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁> 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作杜印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 23 a, η -η,—,m ' 1 yi *>- 中请日期 if浐、/、’产.1. 案 珑 # i / H。 m fL 翔 別 (以上各襴由本局填註) 面影印 A4 C4 45S827 m η 委 t ή 第S81U090號g|jj^專利説明書月 «ί Li A A. ri 印 製 一益名稱 05 中文 毫微级之以金眉為主的粉末之製備方法 英文 PROCESS FOR PREPARING NANOSIZE METAL-BASED POWDERS 姓名 (υ亨里j.m.格魯思保a (2) 傑盂斯4.?_伯魯斯 (3) ¾納德V.佛斯将 國蓊 荷蘭 住•居所 (υ荷蘭歐斯特堡.皮恩45玫 (2) 荷蘭待每然-卡里辑多曼籣43號 (3) 荷蘭佛吉瓦狄艾S然衝50號 姓名 (名稱) 美商.陶氏化學國際有限公司 國备 美國 三' 申請人 住、居所 (事務所) 1 美國密西根州密德蘭市‘陶氏中心2030號 代表人 姓名 史蒂芬3.萬杈思 本紙法尺度逍用_覊8家樣隼(〇^)44規格(210乂297公*) 裝 订
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US5240493A (en) | 1992-01-16 | 1993-08-31 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Process for preparing submicron/nanosize ceramic powders from precursors incorporated within a polymeric foam |
US5698483A (en) | 1995-03-17 | 1997-12-16 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Process for preparing nanosized powder |
US5874374A (en) | 1995-03-17 | 1999-02-23 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Method for producing engineered materials from salt/polymer aqueous solutions |
DE19520448C2 (de) * | 1995-06-03 | 1997-09-04 | Schott Glaswerke | Verfahren zur Herstellung von feinteiligen Multikomponenten-Glaspulvern zur Verwendung als Glasfluß für die Erzeugung von Schichten und Dekoren auf Glas, Glaskeramik oder Keramik |
GB9709449D0 (en) * | 1997-05-10 | 1997-07-02 | Univ Warwick | Low temperature production of metal oxides |
US5998523A (en) * | 1997-07-18 | 1999-12-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Composition comprising a metal salt and metal powder therefrom by the calcining thereof |
-
1999
- 1999-08-17 JP JP2000566192A patent/JP2002523618A/ja active Pending
- 1999-08-17 EP EP99942297A patent/EP1112223B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-17 KR KR1020017002036A patent/KR20010072724A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-08-17 WO PCT/US1999/018809 patent/WO2000010913A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-08-17 US US09/762,128 patent/US6527825B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-17 AT AT99942297T patent/ATE240261T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-08-17 CA CA002340096A patent/CA2340096A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-08-17 ZA ZA200101050A patent/ZA200101050B/en unknown
- 1999-08-17 TR TR2001/00553T patent/TR200100553T2/xx unknown
- 1999-08-17 BR BR9913381-4A patent/BR9913381A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-08-17 AU AU55707/99A patent/AU5570799A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-08-17 CN CN99809832A patent/CN1313832A/zh active Pending
- 1999-08-17 DE DE69907931T patent/DE69907931D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-18 TW TW088114090A patent/TW458827B/zh active
- 1999-08-18 AR ARP990104134A patent/AR021774A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-08-19 CO CO99052594A patent/CO5111029A1/es unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU5570799A (en) | 2000-03-14 |
KR20010072724A (ko) | 2001-07-31 |
ZA200101050B (en) | 2001-10-18 |
JP2002523618A (ja) | 2002-07-30 |
CA2340096A1 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
AR021774A1 (es) | 2002-08-07 |
EP1112223B1 (en) | 2003-05-14 |
US6527825B1 (en) | 2003-03-04 |
CN1313832A (zh) | 2001-09-19 |
CO5111029A1 (es) | 2001-12-26 |
BR9913381A (pt) | 2001-05-22 |
ATE240261T1 (de) | 2003-05-15 |
TR200100553T2 (tr) | 2001-07-23 |
WO2000010913A1 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
DE69907931D1 (de) | 2003-06-18 |
EP1112223A1 (en) | 2001-07-04 |
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