TW202117962A - 液冷散熱器 - Google Patents

液冷散熱器 Download PDF

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TW202117962A
TW202117962A TW108136786A TW108136786A TW202117962A TW 202117962 A TW202117962 A TW 202117962A TW 108136786 A TW108136786 A TW 108136786A TW 108136786 A TW108136786 A TW 108136786A TW 202117962 A TW202117962 A TW 202117962A
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cavity
liquid
fin
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wall
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鐘鎮券
陳喬龍
符猛
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大陸商全億大科技（佛山）有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01L23/427—Cooling by change of state, e.g. use of heat pipes
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    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
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    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
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    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
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    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
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    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/16—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means being integral with the element, e.g. formed by extrusion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/424—Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions
    • F28F1/426—Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions the outside portions and the inside portions forming parts of complementary shape, e.g. concave and convex
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    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
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Abstract

一種液冷散熱器，包括：底座，用於與熱源接觸以傳導熱源的熱量，所述底座中形成有第一空腔；至少一個鰭片，各個鰭片內部形成有第二空腔，且至少有一個所述鰭片的內壁與外壁中的其中之一形成有多個凸起結構，各第二空腔分別與所述第一空腔連通形成一容置腔，所述容置腔用於容置工作液。上述液冷散熱器結構簡單，重量較輕、極大的提升了底座的散熱效率，具有很好的實際應用效果。

Description

液冷散熱器
本發明屬於冷卻散熱技術領域，涉及一種液冷散熱器。
習知的隨著電子行業的快速發展，電子晶片體積越來越小，然而其發熱量越來越大。而在伺服器系統上，空間有限且經常會有多處的晶片需要散熱，其功率高，性能要求也較為嚴苛，因此對散熱性能的要求日益加強。傳統結構的散熱片一般為單純的鋁材或銅材通過擠型制程形成的實心體，而且其鰭片基本為平面，僅靠鰭片的平面表面積進行散熱。這種傳統結構的散熱片散熱性能較差，僅適用於低功率散熱；而且，由於為實心體，重量相對較重。因此，所述傳統的散熱片已經無法滿足伺服器系統越來越高散熱性能要求。
一種液冷散熱器，包括：底座，用於與熱源接觸以傳導熱源的熱量，所述底座中形成有第一空腔；至少一個鰭片，各個鰭片內部形成有第二空腔，且至少有一個所述鰭片的內壁與外壁中的其中之一形成有多個凸起結構，各第二空腔分別與所述第一空腔連通形成一容置腔，所述容置腔用於容置工作液。
本發明實施例的液冷散熱器結構簡單，重量較輕、極大的提升了底座的散熱效率，具有很好的實際應用效果。
為了能夠更清楚地理解本發明的上述目的、特徵和優點，下面結合附圖和具體實施例對本發明進行詳細描述。需要說明的是，在下面的描述中闡述了很多具體細節以便於充分理解本發明，所描述的實施例僅是本發明一部分實施例，而不是全部的實施例。基於本發明中的實施例，本領域普通技術人員在沒有做出創造性勞動前提下所獲得的所有其他實施例，都屬於本發明保護的範圍。
除非另有定義，本文所使用的所有的技術和科學術語與屬於本發明的技術領域的技術人員通常理解的含義相同。本文中在本發明的說明書中所使用的術語只是為了描述具體的實施例的目的，不是旨在於限制本發明。
實施例1
請參閱圖1，實施例1的液冷散熱器10包括：底座110及至少一個鰭片120。所述底座110用於與熱源接觸，以傳導熱源的熱量且所述底座110中形成有第一空腔130a。所述鰭片120與所述底座110為一體成型的擠型製造且其材質是鋁合金。每一所述鰭片120內部形成有第二空腔130b，且至少有一個所述鰭片120的內壁120a與外壁120b中的其中之一設置有凸起結構120c，所述凸起結構120c為條狀凸起。所述內壁120a朝向所述第二空腔130b，所述外壁120b背離所述第二空腔130b。
所述形成在內壁120a和/或與外壁120b上的凸起結構120c用於增加所述鰭片120的散熱表面積，所述凸起結構120c使得鰭片120表面為非平滑的凹凸表面，以此使得鰭片120的表面積相對於平面表面來說增大了。本實施例中，凸起結構120c為條狀凸起，在其他實施例中，所述凸起結構120c不一定是條狀的，也可以是其他形狀的可增加所述鰭片120表面積的凸起結構，比如，島狀凸起等。
在本實施例中，所述內壁120a與外壁120b均設置有所述凸起結構120c，使得所述內壁120a與外壁120b呈凹凸狀。所述內壁120a設置的凸起結構120c最大限度的增加了所述鰭片120的內表面積和外表面積。所述第二空腔130b分別與所述第一空腔130a連通共同形成一個容置腔130，所述容置腔130用於容置工作液，所述工作液可以是水或相變化液體。進一步參閱圖1，本實施例中，所述鰭片120的數量為多個，各個所述鰭片120大致相互平行排列。所述容置腔130至少貫穿所述底座110及鰭片120的一端，且在該端有一個開口131，所述開口131處設置有一蓋板200，所述蓋板200用於密封所述容置腔130。所述蓋板200外側有一擋板210，所述擋板210用於保護所述液冷散熱器10，所述擋板210能夠遮住所述第一空腔130a和所述第二空腔130b，且所述擋板210設置有四個定位孔210a。最外側的兩個所述鰭片120在遠離所述底座110的一側頂部分別設置有一定位部220，所述底座110的兩邊最外側也分別設置有一所述定位部220，每一所述定位部220為一中空的半圓柱形凸起，所述定位部220和所述擋板210上的所述定位孔210a一一對應，可以通過緊固件經所述定位孔210a和所述定位部220將所述擋板210固定在所述液冷散熱器10上。
特別的，本實施例中的液冷散熱器10設置的所述蓋板200目的在於密封所述第一空腔130a和所述第二空腔130b以及方便清理所述液冷散熱器10的所述內壁120a。若不需要清理所述內壁120a（永久性或一次性的液冷散熱器10），則可以不用設置所述蓋板200，而可以直接選擇用焊接的方式來對所述第一空腔130a和所述第二空腔130b進行密封，其效果與採用所述蓋板200是一樣的。因此本實施例的所述液冷散熱器10的密封包括但不限於設置所述蓋板200或直接焊接等密封方式。同樣的，若安裝環境對所述液冷散熱器10的安全性沒有較大需求，則所述擋板210也可以根據實際需求進行取捨。
在本實施例中，所述工作液為具有低沸點的相變化液體，所述相變化液體為利用相態變化，施放潛熱的液體。該相變化液體的特性是受熱易汽化。所述工作液可以通過如下方式裝入熱冷散熱器100：首先在所述開口131處將所述工作液注入所述容置腔130，接著再用所述蓋板200將所述開口131焊接密封，這種注液方式適用於一次性或永久性的熱冷散熱器10。
當所述底座110傳遞熱源的熱量受熱時，位於所述第一空腔130a內的所述工作液就會吸收來自所述底座110的熱量，當吸收熱量達到一定程度時，所述工作液就會汽化。汽化後的工作液進入第二空腔130b而接觸到所述鰭片120，此時汽化後的工作液就會釋放熱量而在所述鰭片120的內壁120a冷凝聚集，接著滑落到所述第一空腔130a，所述鰭片120吸收熱量後向外自然散熱。當工作液從所述鰭片120的所述內壁120a滑落到所述第一空腔130a時，冷卻後的工作液又會繼續對所述底座110進行冷卻，進而再次汽化，如此重複迴圈，大大的提高液冷散熱器10的冷卻效率。
為了更好的將所述工作液的熱量傳遞給所述鰭片120，本實施例別出心裁的在所述鰭片120的所述內壁120a設置了所述凸起結構120c，不僅最大限度的增加了所述鰭片120的內表面積和外表面積，而且很好地利用了所述工作液在所述內壁120a上毛細力的作用。在毛細力的作用下，附著在所述內壁120a上所述凸起結構120c上的工作液就不會立馬向底座110滑落，進而增加了所述工作液與所述鰭片120的接觸時間，相應的也延長了所述工作液和所述鰭片120的熱交換時間，使所述工作液能夠充分地將熱量傳遞給所述鰭片120，有效的提高了散熱效率。
實施例2
請參閱圖2，與實施例1不同的是，實施例2的液冷散熱器10僅在鰭片120的外壁120b上形成有凸起結構120c；另外，所述液冷散熱器10還包括一注液孔110a和一注液尾管110b。所述注液孔110a設置在所述底座110上，所述注液孔110a用於將所述工作液140注入所述第一空腔130a內。所述注液孔110a的形狀不限於圓形或者方形等規則圖形，所述注液尾管110b用於將所述注液孔110a密封。因為設置有所述注液孔110a和所述注液尾管110b，因此使用者能夠隨時根據散熱的需求來更換相應特性的工作液，使所述液冷散熱器10的實用性更加靈活。但是如果所述液冷散熱器10不需要更換工作液（即永久性或一次性的液冷散熱器10），則可以不必設置所述注液孔110a和所述注液尾管110b這種注液方式，而可以先在所述底座110或者所述鰭片120上的任意一個地方選取一個開孔；然後將選擇的所述工作液從該開孔注入所述第一空腔130a；然後再對該開孔進行焊接密封。其散熱效果與設置所述注液孔110a和所述注液尾管110b的散熱效果是一樣的。因此，本實施例2的所述液冷散熱器10的注液方式可根據實際需求來進行相應的選擇。
如圖2所示，所述液冷散熱器10的所述容置腔130形成有至少一個所述開口131，所述開口131處設置有一所述蓋板200，所述蓋板200用於密封所述鰭片120的所述第二空腔130b以及所述底座110的所述第一空腔130a。與本實施例1所述的密封方式相同，即本實施例2的密封包括但不限於設置蓋板200或直接焊接等密封方式。
進一步參閱圖2，本實施例2通過在所述鰭片120的所述外壁120b添加所述凸起結構120c，其增加了所述鰭片120的外表面積，有效的增大了所述鰭片120的散熱面積，這對提高所述鰭片120的散熱能力有積極幫助。其散熱過程也是通過汽化後的工作液和所述鰭片120的接觸進而產生熱交換，即熱量會被所述鰭片120吸收，並最終由所述鰭片120自然散熱。
本實施例1和本實施例2的液冷散熱器10的所述底座110和所述鰭片120通過擠型工藝製造一體成型，且其主要材料是鋁合金，因此所述液冷散熱器10結構簡單，重量較輕。本實施例1和本實施例2的液冷散熱器10適合高功率元件的散熱，且散熱效率高，因此對現有發展的電子產業的晶片或者系統散熱有積極的作用。
本實施例1的注液方式也可以是通過設置所述注液孔110a和所述注液尾管110b來隨時根據散熱的需求更換相應特性的工作液，使所述液冷散熱器10的實用性更加靈活。
對於本領域技術人員而言，顯然本發明不限於上述示範性實施例的細節，而且在不背離本發明的精神或基本特徵的情況下，能夠以其他的具體形式實現本發明。最後應說明的是，以上實施例僅用以說明本發明的技術方案而非限制，儘管參照較佳實施例對本發明進行了詳細說明，本領域的普通技術人員應當理解，可以對本發明的技術方案進行修改或等同替換，而不脫離本發明技術案的範圍。
10:液冷散熱器 110:底座 120:鰭片 130:容置腔 130a:第一空腔 130b:第二空腔 131:開口 200:蓋板 210:擋板 110a:注液孔 110b:注液尾管 120a:內壁 120b:外壁 120c:凸起結構 210a:定位孔 220:定位部
圖1為本發明實施例1中的液冷散熱器的示意圖。
圖2為本發明實施例2中的液冷散熱器的示意圖。
10:液冷散熱器
110:底座
120:鰭片
130:容置腔
130a:第一空腔
130b:第二空腔
131:開口
200:蓋板
210:擋板
120a:內壁
120b:外壁
120c:凸起結構
210a:定位孔
220:定位部

Claims (8)

  1. 一種液冷散熱器，其改良在於，包括： 底座，用於與熱源接觸以傳導熱源的熱量，所述底座中形成有第一空腔； 至少一個鰭片，各個鰭片內部形成有第二空腔，且至少有一個所述鰭片的內壁與外壁中的其中之一形成有多個凸起結構，各第二空腔分別與所述第一空腔連通形成一容置腔，所述容置腔用於容置工作液。
  2. 如請求項1所述的液冷散熱器，其中：所述凸起結構為條狀凸起。
  3. 如請求項1所述的液冷散熱器，其中：所述內壁朝向所述第二空腔，所述外壁背離所述第二空腔；所述內壁與所述外壁均形成有所述凸起結構。
  4. 如請求項1所述的液冷散熱器，其中：所述底座與所述鰭片為一體成型的。
  5. 如請求項4所述的液冷散熱器，其中：所述底座和所述鰭片由鋁合金通過擠型工藝形成。
  6. 如請求項1所述的液冷散熱器，其中：所述工作液是水或相變化液體。
  7. 如請求項1所述的液冷散熱器，其中：所述容置腔至少貫穿所述底座及鰭片的一端，且在該端有一個開口，所述開口處設置有一蓋板，所述蓋板用於密封所述容置腔。
  8. 如請求項1所述的液冷散熱器，其中：所述底座上設置有一注液孔和一注液尾管，所述注液孔用於將所述工作液注入所述容置腔，所述注液尾管用於密封所述注液孔。
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