TW202107997A - 高擴散、吸收及耐雨性ulv調配物 - Google Patents
高擴散、吸收及耐雨性ulv調配物 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202107997A TW202107997A TW109115484A TW109115484A TW202107997A TW 202107997 A TW202107997 A TW 202107997A TW 109115484 A TW109115484 A TW 109115484A TW 109115484 A TW109115484 A TW 109115484A TW 202107997 A TW202107997 A TW 202107997A
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- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- DBXFMOWZRXXBRN-LWKPJOBUSA-N valifenalate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC(=O)OC)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 DBXFMOWZRXXBRN-LWKPJOBUSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JRPGMCRJPQJYPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;carbanide Chemical compound [CH3-].[CH3-].[Zn+2] JRPGMCRJPQJYPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
- A01N25/06—Aerosols
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing keto or thioketo groups as part of a ring, e.g. cyclohexanone, quinone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ketals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/50—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids the nitrogen atom being doubly bound to the carbon skeleton
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N41/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom
- A01N41/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom containing a sulfur-to-oxygen double bond
- A01N41/04—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/50—1,3-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
本發明關於農化組成物:其用於葉面施用的用途;其在低噴灑量下之用途;其藉由無人飛行系統(UAS)、無人引導載具(UGV)和安裝在拖拉機上之桿架式噴灑機(boom sprayer)的使用,該桿架式噴灑機配有習用噴嘴以及脈寬調節噴灑噴嘴或轉盤式液滴施用器;及其於控制農業害蟲、雜草或病害之應用,特別是在蠟質葉子上。
Description
本發明關於農化組成物:其用於葉面施用的用途;其在低噴灑量下之用途;其藉由無人飛行系統(UAS)、無人引導載具(UGV)和安裝在拖拉機之桿架式噴灑機(boom sprayer)的使用,該桿架式噴灑機配有習用噴嘴以及脈寬調節噴灑噴嘴或轉盤式液滴施用器;及其於控制農業害蟲、雜草或病害之應用,特別是在蠟質葉子上。
現代農業在以安全和可持續方式生產充足糧食方面面臨許多挑戰。因此,有必要利用作物保護產品來提高安全性、品質和產量,同時將對環境和農業土地的影響降至最低。許多作物保護產品,無論是化學性或生物性,通常以相對高的噴灑量施用,例如在某些情況下為>50 L/ha,且通常>150-400 L/ha。此結果是必須花費大量能量來攜帶大量的噴灑液體,然後藉由噴灑施用將其施加至作物。此可藉由大型拖拉機執行,該拖拉機由於其重量還有噴灑液體重量而從所涉及的機械功產生CO2
,還造成有害的土壤壓實、影響植物根系生長、健康和產量,以及隨後用來補救該些效應所耗費的能量。
需要一種能顯著減少高噴灑液體量並減輕施用產品所需設備的重量的解決方案。
在農業中,低噴灑量施用技術,包括無人飛行系統(UAS)、無人引導載具(UGV)和安裝在拖拉機之裝有脈寬調節噴灑噴嘴或轉盤式液滴施用器的桿架式噴灑機為農民提供了以低噴灑量施用產品的解決方案,通常低至10至20 l/ha或更少。該些解決方案具有包括下列的優點,舉例來說,彼等需要的水大大減少,這在供水有限的地區是重要的;運輸和施用噴灑液體所需的能量較少;噴灑罐充填得更快且施用更快,因減少了要運輸的噴灑液體的量且因使用了更小更輕的載具而減少了CO2
生成;減少了土壤壓實破壞,並致能使用更便宜的施用系統。
然而,Wang等人 [Field evaluation of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sprayer: effect of spray volume on deposition and the control of pests and disease in wheat.Pest Management Science
2019 doi/epdf/10.1002/ps.5321]證實,當噴灑量從450和225 l/ha降低到28.1、16.8和9.0 l/ha時,在水敏紙上測得的覆蓋率(面積%)、每單位面積的噴灑沉積物數量和噴灑沉積物的直徑都減少了(參見Wang等人(2019)的表3)。同時,在低噴灑量時,對小麥蚜蟲控制和白粉病控制的生物控制效力均下降,在9.0 l/ha觀察到最大的下降,接著是16.8 l/ha(參見Wang等人(2019)的圖6、7和8)。
因此,有需要設計一種調配物系統,該系統即使在每單位面積的噴灑沉積物數量減少的情況下,也能克服低噴灑量下的覆蓋率和噴灑沉積物直徑的減小:隨著噴灑量減少,對於相同的噴灑液滴譜系尺寸,每單位面積的噴灑液滴數量成比例地減小。這點在低於25 l/ha,尤其是低於17 l/ha,甚至是低於10 l/ha時係尤其必要。
此外,由於噴灑溶液中用以增進擴散與至植物內的吸收的佐劑的濃度增加了,所以噴灑溶液有更高的機會被沖掉,此乃佐劑且尤其是擴散劑的較高局部濃度所致。
因此,有需要提供的是,當根據本發明以超低噴灑量噴灑時,顯示出良好的作物覆蓋率以提供良好的生物效力,而同時具有良好或可接受的吸收、並無顯示高的沖刷性(wash-off)之調配物。
解決方案是藉由含有特定濃度的特定擴散劑的調配物來提供。此類調配物在低噴灑量下增加了覆蓋率並增加了噴灑沉積物的直徑。此外,增加的覆蓋率和增加的噴灑沉積物直徑係相仿於正常較高的噴灑量下獲得的覆蓋率。此外,例示本發明的調配物在難以潤濕的葉子表面上特別有效,其中更多的習用噴灑量具有差的滯留性和覆蓋率。
相較於通常較高的噴灑量所需的水平,源自有機矽酮系界面活性劑低總量的本發明的一個特別優點是調配物的成本較低並且易於生產。另外的優點包括改良的配方安定性和簡化的製造、較低的商品成本以及對環境的衝擊較少。
先前技術中已知含有擴散劑的調配物,還有用於桶裝混合物的調配物,主要設計用於更高的噴灑量,並且一般在噴灑液中含有較低濃度的擴散劑。然而,由於在先前技術中使用的高噴灑量,所使用的添加劑的總量以及因此在環境中的擴散劑的總量較根據本發明者高。
擴散劑的濃度是本發明的重要元素,因為當擴散劑達到一定的最小濃度時就會發生合適的擴散,通常是0.05% w/w或w/v(這些是等效的,因為擴散劑的密度大約是1.0 g/cm3
)。
因此,如在先前技術中使用的500 l/ha噴灑量,將需要約250 g/ha的擴散劑以實現合適的擴散。是以,面對減少噴灑量的任務,技術人員將在調配物中施用相同濃度的擴散劑。舉例來說,對於10 l/ha的噴灑量,將需要約5 g/ha(在噴灑液中為0.05%)的界面活性劑。然而,在如此低的量和如此低的擴散劑濃度下,無法實現足夠的擴散(參見實施例)。而且,必須存在耐雨添加劑以防止沖刷到達到不可容忍的程度。
而且,如上所指,根據本發明,必須存在吸收增強劑以使活性成分能夠吸收至植物內以增強生物效力,同時必須存在耐雨添加劑以避免無法容忍的沖刷量。
在本發明中,吾人出乎意料地發現到,隨著噴灑量減少,增加擴散劑的濃度可補償來自噴灑量減少(由於擴散不足)的覆蓋率損失。出乎意料地發現到,對於每減少50%噴灑量而言,界面活性劑的濃度應大致加倍。
於是,儘管相較於本領域已知的調配物,擴散劑的絕對濃度增加了,但每公頃的相對總量可降低,其在經濟上和生態上都是有利的,同時當考慮到低量施用的其他益處時,譬如由於更少的商品成本而降低了調配物成本、更小的載具而使工作成本較少、更少的土壤壓實等,根據本發明的藉由調配物的覆蓋率以及且調配物的效力係有改善、維持或至少保持在可接受的水平。
再者,吾人出乎意料地發現到,相較於本領域已知的具有較高噴灑量的調配物,根據本發明的調配物顯示出相仿或增強的活性成分吸收。
亦已發現到,儘管高濃度的擴散劑、潤濕劑和吸收增強劑,根據本發明的調配物的耐雨性也與基於先前技術的參考調配物的耐雨性相仿或更好。
允許使用出乎意料的低總量擴散劑的本發明的另一部分是目標作物葉子的表面紋理。Bico等人[Wetting of textured surfaces, Colloids and Surfaces A, 206 (2002) 41-46]已確立,相較於光滑表面,帶紋理表面可增強接觸角<90°的調配物噴灑稀釋液的潤濕性,並減少接觸角>90°的潤濕性。
對於葉子表面,特別是帶紋理的葉子表面也是如此,當在根據本發明的方法噴灑時,由於具有高的擴散劑濃度的根據本發明的調配物的低噴灑量,致使擴散劑的低總量(每公頃)。可證實噴灑液體對葉子表面的覆蓋率非常高,甚至到比通常預期更高的程度。
帶紋理葉子表面包括在表面上含有微米級蠟晶體的葉子,例如,舉例來說,小麥、大麥、稻、油菜、大豆(幼株)和捲心菜,以及具有表面紋理的葉子,例如,舉例來說,蓮花植物葉子。可藉由掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察來測定表面紋理,並藉由測量葉子表面上的水滴形成的接觸角來測定葉子可潤濕性。
綜上所述,本發明的目的是提供可以超低量,即< 20 l/ha下施用的調配物,同時仍然提供良好的葉子覆蓋率及對抗真菌病原體、雜草和害蟲的生物效力,並提供良好的耐雨性,同時減少每公頃施用的額外添加劑的量,以及在超低量(< 20 l/ha)下使用該調配物的方法,以及該調配物用於以如上定義之超低量施用的用途。
儘管較佳在帶紋理的葉子上施用,但出乎意料地發現到,相較用於200 l/ha的傳統噴灑施用調配物,根據本發明的調配物在無紋理葉子上也顯示出良好的擴散和覆蓋率以及其他性質。
在一態樣中,本發明指涉根據本發明的組成物用於葉面施用之用途。
除另有指示外,本申請案中的%意指重量百分比(%w/w)。
應當理解,在各種組分的組合的情況下,調配物中所有組分的百分比加總為100。
此外,除另有指示外,就水而言,提到「加至定量(to volume)」表示將水加至1000 ml (1l)之調配物總體積。為了清楚起見,應當理解,若無寫明,則調配物的密度應理解為1 g/cm3
。
在本發明的背景下,水基農化組成物包含至少5%水,並包括水懸劑(suspension concentrate)、水懸液(aqueous suspensions)、濃懸乳劑(suspo-emulsions)或膠囊懸著劑(capsule suspensions),較佳的是水懸劑和水懸液。
此外,應當理解,本說明書所給定的施用量或施用率以及個別成分的較佳給定範圍可以自由組合且本案揭示了所有組合,然而,在更佳的具體實例中,各成分係較佳以相同偏好度的範圍呈現,甚至更佳地,成分係以最佳範圍呈現。
在一態樣中,本發明關於一種調配物,其包含:
a) 一或多種活性成分,
b) 一或多種擴散劑,
c) 一或多種吸收增強劑,
d) 一或多種耐雨添加劑,
e) 其他調配劑,
f) 加至定量之一或多種載劑(1L或1 kg),
其中b)以5至250 g/l存在。
在本發明中若無另外指明,則通常使用載劑來增加調配物的量。較佳地,根據本發明的調配物中的載劑濃度為至少5 % w/w、更佳為至少10 % w/w,例如至少20% w/w、至少40% w/w、至少50% w/w、至少60% w/w、至少70 % w/w及至少80 % w/w或分別地為至少50 g/l、更佳為至少100 g/l,例如至少200g/l、至少400g/l、至少500g/l、至少600 g/l、至少700 g/l及至少800 g/l。
調配物較佳為欲使用在作物上的噴灑施用。
在根據本發明的較佳具體實例中,亦就說明書的下列具體實例而言,載劑是水。
在一個較佳的具體實例中,本發明的調配物包含
a) 一或多種活性成分,
b) 一或多種擴散劑,
c) 一或多種吸收增強劑,
d) 一或多種耐雨添加劑,
e1)至少一種合適的非離子性界面活性劑及/或合適的離子性界面活性劑,
e2)視情況地,流變改質劑,
e3)視情況地,合適的消泡物質,
e4)視情況地,合適的防凍劑,
e5)視情況地,合適的其他調配劑,
f)加至定量之載劑,
其中b)以5至250 g/l存在,且其中水甚至更佳地作為載劑。
在另一具體實例中,e2、e3、e4和e5之至少一者是必需的,較佳地,e1、e2、e3、e4和e5之至少兩者是必需的,而在又另一具體實例中,e1、e2、e3、e4和e5是必需的。
在較佳具體實例中,組分a)較佳以5至500 g/l、較佳10至300 g/l且最佳20至200 g/l之量存在。
在替代的具體實例中,組分a)是殺真菌劑。
在替代的具體實例中,組分a)是殺昆蟲劑。
在替代的具體實例中,組分a)是除草劑。
在較佳的具體實例中,組分b)係以5至250 g/l、較佳8至120 g/l且最佳10至80 g/l存在。
在較佳的具體實例中,組分c)係以10至150 g/l、較佳25至150 g/l且最佳30至120 g/l存在。
在較佳的具體實例中,組分d)係以5至250 g/l、較佳10至100 g/l且最佳20至80 g/l存在。
在較佳的具體實例中,一或多種組分e1)係以4至250 g/l、較佳8至120 g/l、且最佳10至80 g/l存在。
在較佳的具體實例中,一或多種組分e2)係以0至60 g/l、較佳1至20 g/l、且最佳2至10 g/l存在。
在較佳的具體實例中,一或多種組分e3)係以0至30 g/l、較佳0.5至20 g/l、且最佳1至12 g/l存在。
在較佳的具體實例中,一或多種組分e4)係以0至200 g/l、較佳5至150 g/l、且最佳10至120 g/l存在。
在較佳的具體實例中,一或多種組分e5)係以0至200 g/l、較佳0.1至120 g/l、且最佳0.5至80 g/l存在。
在一個具體實例中,調配物包含以下量之組分a)至e)
a) 5至500 g/l、較佳10至300 g/l且最佳20至200 g/l,
b) 5至250 g/l、較佳8至120 g/l且最佳10至80 g/l,
c) 10至150 g/l、較佳25至150 g/l且最佳30至120 g/l,
d) 5至250 g/l、較佳10至100 g/l且最佳20至80 g/l,
e) 4至250 g/l、較佳8至120 g/l且最佳自10至80 g/l,
f) 加至定量之載劑。
在另一具體實例中,調配物包含以下量之組分a)至e)
a) 5至500 g/l、較佳10至300 g/l且最佳20至200 g/l,
b) 5至250 g/l、較佳8至120 g/l且最佳10至80 g/l,
c) 10至150 g/l、較佳25至150 g/l且最佳30至120 g/l,
d) 5至250 g/l、較佳10至100 g/l且最佳20至80 g/l,
e1) 4至250 g/l、較佳8至120 g/l且最佳10至80 g/l,
e2) 0至60 g/l、較佳1至20 g/l且最佳2至10 g/l,
e3) 0至30 g/l、較佳0.5至20 g/l且最佳1至12 g/l,
e4) 0至200 g/l、較佳5至150 g/l且最佳10至120 g/l,
e5) 0至200 g/l、較佳0.1至120 g/l且最佳0.5至80 g/l,
f) 加至定量之載劑。
應當理解的是,在使用固體載劑的情況下,上述量是指1 kg而不是1 l,即g/kg。
如上所指,組分d)總是添加至定量,即添加至1 l或1 kg。
在本發明的另外較佳的具體實例中,調配物僅由上述成分a)至f)以特定量和範圍組成。
在較佳的具體實例中,除草劑與安全劑合併使用,該安全劑較佳選自包含雙苯㗁唑酸乙酯(isoxadifen-ethyl)和吡唑解草酯(mefenpyr-diethyl)之群組。
本發明另應用於上述調配物之施用方法,其中該調配物是以介於1與20 l/ha之間、較佳介於2與15 l/ha之間、更佳介於5與15 l/ha之間的噴灑量施用。
更佳地,本發明應用於上述調配物之施用方法,其中該調配物是以介於1與20 l/ha之間、較佳介於2與15 l/ha之間、更佳介於5與15 l/ha之間的噴灑量施用,以及b)的量係5至250 g/l、較佳8至120 g/l、且最佳10至80 g/l存在,其中在另外的較佳具體實例中,a)以5至500 g/l、較佳10至300 g/l、且最佳20至200 g/l存在,甚至更佳的是,c)以10至150 g/l、較佳25至150 g/l、且最佳30至120 g/l之量存在,且更佳地,d)以5至250 g/l、較佳10至100 g/l且最佳20至80 g/l之量存在。
在另一態樣中,本發明應用於上述調配物之施用方法,
其中該調配物是以介於1與20 l/ha之間、較佳介於2與15 l/ha之間、更佳介於5與15 l/ha之間的噴灑量施用,以及
其中較佳的是,a)至作物之施用量介於2與150 g/ha之間、較佳介於5與120 g/ha之間、且更佳介於20與100 g/ha之間。
此外,擴散劑b)較佳以5 g/ha至150 g/ha、更佳以7.5 g/ha至100 g/ha且最佳以10 g/ha至60 g/ha施用。
在一具體實例中,藉由以上所示方法之a)至作物之施用量介於2與10 g/ha之間。
在另一具體實例中,藉由以上所示方法之a)至作物之施用量介於40與110 g/ha之間。
在上述應用的一具體實例中,活性成分(ai) a)較佳以2與150 g/ha、較佳介於5與120 g/ha之間、且更佳介於20與100 g/ha之間施用,同時相應地,擴散劑較佳以10 g/ha至100 g/ha、更佳以20 g/ha至80 g/ha且最佳以40 g/ha至60 g/ha施用。
尤其,本發明的調配物有用於以介於1與20 l/ha之間、較佳介於2與15 l/ha之間,更佳介於5與15 l/ha之間的噴灑量施用在具有帶紋理的葉子表面的植物或作物上,較佳施用在小麥、大麥、稻米、油菜籽、大豆(幼株)和捲心菜上。
此外,本發明提到一種以介於1與20 l/ha之間、較佳介於2與15 l/ha之間,更佳介於5與15 l/ha之間的噴灑量處理具有帶紋理的葉子表面的作物的方法,該作物較佳為小麥、大麥、稻米、油菜籽、大豆(幼株)和捲心菜。
在較佳的具體實例中,上述施用是施用在具有帶紋理的葉子表面的作物上,較佳施用在小麥、大麥、稻米、油菜籽、大豆(幼株)和捲心菜上。
在一具體實例中,活性成分是一種殺真菌劑或兩種殺真菌劑的混合物或三種殺真菌劑的混合物。
在另一具體實例中,活性成分是一種殺昆蟲劑或兩種殺昆蟲劑的混合物或三種殺昆蟲劑的混合物。
在又另一具體實例中,活性成分是一種除草劑或兩種除草劑的混合物或三種除草劑的混合物,其中較佳在混合物中的混合夥伴是安全劑。
根據本發明的調配物中的擴散劑(b)對施用劑量的相應劑量是:
A 2 l/ha的液體調配物投遞
- 50 g/ha的擴散劑含有25 g/l的界面活性劑(b)。
- 30 g/ha的擴散劑含有15 g/l的界面活性劑(b)。
- 12 g/ha的擴散劑含有6 g/l的界面活性劑(b)。
- 10 g/ha的擴散劑含有5 g/l的界面活性劑(b)。
A 1 l/ha的液體調配物投遞:
50 g/ha的擴散劑含有50 g/l的界面活性劑(b),
30 g/ha的擴散劑含有30 g/l的界面活性劑(b),
12 g/ha的擴散劑含有12 g/l的界面活性劑(b),
10 g/ha的擴散劑含有10 g/l的界面活性劑(b)。
A 0.5 l/ha的液體調配物投遞:
50 g/ha的擴散劑含有100 g/l的界面活性劑(b),
30 g/ha的擴散劑含有60 g/l的界面活性劑(b),
12 g/ha的擴散劑含有24 g/l的界面活性劑(b),
10 g/ha的擴散劑含有20 g/l的界面活性劑(b)。
A 0.2 l/ha的液體調配物投遞:
50 g/ha的擴散劑含有250 g/l的界面活性劑(b),
30 g/ha的擴散劑含有150 g/l的界面活性劑(b),
12 g/ha的擴散劑含有60 g/l的界面活性劑(b),
10 g/ha的擴散劑含有50 g/l的界面活性劑(b)。
A 2 kg/ha的固體調配物投遞:
50 g/ha的擴散劑含有25 g/kg的界面活性劑(b),
30 g/ha的擴散劑含有15 g/kg的界面活性劑(b),
12 g/ha的擴散劑含有6 g/kg的界面活性劑(b),
10 g/ha的擴散劑含有5 g/kg的界面活性劑(b)。
A 1 kg/ha的固體調配物投遞:
50 g/ha的擴散劑含有50 g/kg的界面活性劑(b),
30 g/ha的擴散劑含有30 g/kg的界面活性劑(b),
12 g/ha的擴散劑含有12 g/kg的界面活性劑(b),
10 g/ha的擴散劑含有10 g/kg的界面活性劑(b)。
A 0.5 kg/ha的固體調配物投遞:
50 g/ha的擴散劑含有100 g/kg的界面活性劑(b),
30 g/ha的擴散劑含有60 g/kg的界面活性劑(b),
12 g/ha的擴散劑含有24 g/kg的界面活性劑(b),
10 g/ha的擴散劑含有20 g/kg的界面活性劑(b)。
以其他每公頃劑量比率施用的調配物中的擴散劑(b)的濃度可以用同樣的方式計算。
在本發明的背景下,根據定義的合適的調配物種類是水懸劑、水懸液、濃懸乳劑或膠囊懸著劑、濃乳劑(emulsion concentrate)、水分散性粒劑(water dispersible granule)、油懸劑(oil dispersion)、乳劑(emulsifiable concentrate)、水分散性乳劑(dispersible concentrate)、可濕性粒劑(wettable granule),較佳的是水懸劑、水懸液、濃懸乳劑和油懸劑,其中在非水性調配物或固體調配物的情況下,藉由加水獲得可噴灑調配物。活性成分 (a) :
透過通用名稱在本案提到的活性化合物為習知的並說明於,舉例來說,殺蟲劑手冊(“The Pesticide Manual” 16th Ed., British Crop Protection Council 2012)或可在網路上找到(譬如http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides)。分類是基於本專利申請案提申時的當前IRAC作用模式分類表(IRAC Mode of Action Classification Scheme)。
根據本發明的殺真菌劑(a)實例為:
1)麥角甾醇生物合成抑制劑,舉例來說:(1.001)環克座(cyproconazole)、(1.002)待克利(difenoconazole)、(1.003)依普座(epoxiconazole)、(1.004)環醯菌胺(fenhexamid)、(1.005)苯銹啶(fenpropidin)、(1.006)芬普福(fenpropimorph)、(1.007)胺苯吡菌酮(fenpyrazamine)、(1.008)氟喹唑(fluquinconazole)、(1.009)護汰芬(flutriafol)、(1.010)依滅列(imazalil)、(1.011)硫酸依滅列(imazalil sulfate)、(1.012)種菌唑(ipconazole)、(1.013)滅特座(metconazole)、(1.014)邁克尼(myclobutanil)、(1.015)巴克素(paclobutrazol)、(1.016)撲克拉(prochloraz)、(1.017)普克利(propiconazole)、(1.018)丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、(1.019)啶菌㗁唑(pyrisoxazole)、(1.020)螺環菌胺(spiroxamine)、(1.021)得克利(tebuconazole)、(1.022)四克利(tetraconazole)、(1.023)三泰隆(triadimenol)、(1.024)三得芬(tridemorph)、(1.025)滅菌唑(triticonazole)、(1.026) (1R,2S,5S)-5-(4-氯苄基)-2-(氯甲基)-2-甲基-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基甲基)環戊醇、(1.027) (1S,2R,5R)-5-(4-氯苄基)-2-(氯甲基)-2-甲基-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基甲基)環戊醇、(1.028) (2R)-2-(1-氯環丙基)-4-[(1R)-2,2-二氯環丙基]-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇、(1.029) (2R)-2-(1-氯環丙基)-4-[(1S)-2,2-二氯環丙基]-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇、(1.030) (2R)-2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇、(1.031) (2S)-2-(1-氯環丙基)-4-[(1R)-2,2-二氯環丙基]-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇、(1.032) (2S)-2-(1-氯-環丙基)-4-[(1S)-2,2-二氯環丙基]-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇、(1.033) (2S)-2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇、(1.034) (R)-[3-(4-氯-2-氟苯基)-5-(2,4-二氟苯基)-1,2-㗁唑-4-基(吡啶-3-基)甲醇、(1.035) (S)-[3-(4-氯-2-氟苯基)-5-(2,4-二氟苯基)-1,2-㗁唑-4-基(吡啶-3-基)甲醇、(1.036) [3-(4-氯-2-氟苯基)-5-(2,4-二氟苯基)-1,2-㗁唑-4-基(吡啶-3-基)甲醇、(1.037) 1-({(2R,4S)-2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-4-甲基-1,3-二氧雜環戊烷-2-基}甲基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑、(1.038) 1-({(2S,4S)-2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-4-甲基-1,3-二氧雜環戊烷-2-基}甲基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑、(1.039) 1-{[3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)環氧乙烷-2-基]甲基}-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基硫氰酸酯、(1.040) 1-{[rel(2R,3R)-3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)環氧乙烷-2-基]甲基}-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基硫氰酸酯、(1.041) 1-{[rel(2R,3S)-3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)環氧乙烷-2-基]甲基}-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-基硫氰酸酯、(1.042) 2-[(2R,4R,5R)-1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-羥基-2,6,6-三甲基庚-4-基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮、(1.043) 2-[(2R,4R,5S)-1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-羥基-2,6,6-三甲基庚-4-基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮、(1.044) 2-[(2R,4S,5R)-1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-羥基-2,6,6-三甲基庚-4-基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮、(1.045) 2-[(2R,4S,5S)-1-(2,4-二氯-苯基)-5-羥基-2,6,6-三甲基庚-4-基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮、(1.046) 2-[(2S,4R,5R)-1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-羥基-2,6,6-三甲基庚-4-基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮、(1.047) 2-[(2S,4R,5S)-1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-羥基-2,6,6-三甲基庚-4-基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮、(1.048) 2-[(2S,4S,5R)-1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-羥基-2,6,6-三甲基庚-4-基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮、(1.049) 2-[(2S,4S,5S)-1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-羥基-2,6,6-三甲基庚-4-基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮、(1.050) 2-[1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-5-羥基-2,6,6-三甲基庚-4-基]-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮、(1.051) 2-[2-氯-4-(2,4-二氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇、(1.052) 2-[2-氯-4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基]-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇、(1.053) 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁-2-醇、(1.054) 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)戊-2-醇、(1.055)氯氟醚菌唑(mefentrifluconazole)、(1.056) 2-{[3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)環氧乙烷-2-基]甲基}-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮、(1.057) 2-{[rel(2R,3R)-3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟-苯基)環氧乙烷-2-基]甲基}-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮、(1.058) 2-{[rel(2R,3S)-3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)環氧乙烷-2-基]甲基}-2,4-二氫-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮、(1.059) 5-(4-氯苄基)-2-(氯甲基)-2-甲基-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基甲基)環戊醇、(1.060) 5-(烯丙硫基)-1-{[3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)環氧乙烷-2-基]甲基}-1H-1,2,4-三唑、(1.061) 5-(烯丙硫基)-1-{[rel(2R,3R)-3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)環氧乙烷-2-基]甲基}-1H-1,2,4-三唑、(1.062) 5-(烯丙硫基)-1-{[rel(2R,3S)-3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)環氧乙烷-2-基]甲基}-1H-1,2,4-三唑、(1.063) N'-(2,5-二甲基-4-{[3-(1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基)苯基]硫基}苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.064) N'-(2,5-二甲基-4-{[3-(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)苯基]硫基}苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.065) N'-(2,5-二甲基-4-{[3-(2,2,3,3-四氟丙氧基)苯基]硫基}苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.066) N'-(2,5-二甲基-4-{[3-五氟乙氧基)苯基]硫基}苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.067) N'-(2,5-二甲基-4-{3-[(1,1,2,2-四氟乙基)硫基]-苯氧基}苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.068) N'-(2,5-二甲基-4-{3-[(2,2,2-三氟-乙基)硫基]苯氧基}苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.069) N'-(2,5-二甲基-4-{3-[(2,2,3,3-四氟丙基)硫基]苯氧基}苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.070) N'-(2,5-二甲基-4-{3-[(五氟乙基)硫基]苯氧基}苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.071) N'-(2,5-二甲基-4-苯氧基苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.072) N'-(4-{[3-(二氟甲氧基)苯基]硫基}-2,5-二甲基苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.073) N'-(4-{3-[(二氟甲基)硫基]苯氧基}-2,5-二甲基苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.074) N'-[5-溴-6-(2,3-二氫-1H-茚-2-基氧基)-2-甲基吡啶-3-基]-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基-甲醯胺、(1.075) N'-{4-[(4,5-二氯-1,3-噻唑-2-基)氧基]-2,5-二甲基苯基}-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.076) N'-{5-溴-6-[(1R)-1-(3,5-二氟苯基)乙氧基]-2-甲基吡啶-3-基}-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.077) N'-{5-溴-6-[(1S)-1-(3,5-二氟苯基)乙氧基]-2-甲基吡啶-3-基}-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.078) N'-{5-溴-6-[(順式-4-異丙基-環己基)氧基]-2-甲基吡啶-3-基}-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.079) N'-{5-溴-6-[(反式-4-異丙基環己基)氧基]-2-甲基吡啶-3-基}-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.080) N'-{5-溴-6-[1-(3,5-二氟苯基)乙氧基]-2-甲基吡啶-3-基}-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基-甲醯胺、(1.081) Ipfentrifluconazole、(1.082) 2-[4-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇、(1.083) 2-[6-(4-溴苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)-3-吡啶基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇、(1.084) 2-[6-(4-氯苯氧基)-2-(三氟甲基)-3-吡啶基]-1-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙-2-醇、(1.085) 3-[2-(1-氯環丙基)-3-(3-氯-2-氟-苯基)-2-羥基-丙基]咪唑-4-甲腈、(1.086) 4-[[6-[rac-(2R)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-1,1-二氟-2-羥基-3-(5-硫酮基-4H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丙基]-3-吡啶基]氧基]苄腈、(1.087) N-異丙基-N'-[5-甲氧基-2-甲基-4-(2,2,2-三氟-1-羥基-1-苯基乙基二氟)苯基]-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺、(1.088) N'-{5-溴-2-甲基-6-[(1-丙氧基丙-2-基)氧基]吡啶-3-基}-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基-甲醯胺、(1.089)菲克利(hexaconazole)、(1.090)平克座(penconazole)、(1.091)芬克座(fenbuconazole)。
2)呼吸鏈複合物I或II的抑制劑,舉例來說:(2.001)苯并烯氟菌唑(benzovindiflupyr)、(2.002)聯苯吡菌胺(bixafen)、(2.003)白克列(boscalid)、(2.004)萎鏽靈(carboxin)、(2.005)氟派瑞(fluopyram)、(2.006)福多寧(flutolanil)、(2.007)氟克殺(fluxapyroxad)、(2.008)福拉比(furametpyr)、(2.009) 異丙噻菌胺(Isofetamid)、(2.010)亞派占(isopyrazam)(逆-差向異構鏡像異構物1R,4S,9S)、(2.011)亞派占(逆-差向異構鏡像異構物1S,4R,9R)、(2.012)亞派占(逆-差向異構消旋物1RS,4SR,9SR)、(2.013)亞派占(同-差向異構消旋物1RS,4SR,9RS與逆-差向異構消旋物1RS,4SR,9SR的混合物)、(2.014)亞派占(同-差向異構鏡像異構物1R,4S,9R)、(2.015)亞派占(同-差向異構鏡像異構物1S,4R,9S)、(2.016)亞派占(同-差向異構消旋物1RS,4SR,9RS)、(2.017)平氟芬(penflufen)、(2.018)平硫瑞(penthiopyrad)、(2.019)氟唑菌醯羥胺(pydiflumetofen)、(2.020) Pyraziflumid、(2.021)氟唑環菌胺(sedaxane)、(2.022) 1,3-二甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氫-1H-茚-4-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.023) 1,3-二甲基-N-[(3R)-1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氫-1H-茚-4-基)]-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.024) 1,3-二甲基-N-[(3S)-1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氫-1H-茚-4-基)]-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.025) 1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-N-[2'-(三氟甲基)聯苯-2-基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.026) 2-氟-6-(三氟甲基)-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氫-1H-茚-4-基)苯甲醯胺、(2.027) 3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氫-1H-茚-4-基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.028) inpyrfluxam、(2.029) 3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-N-[(3S)-1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氫-1H-茚-4-基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.030)氟茚唑菌胺(fluindapyr)、(2.031) 3-(二氟甲基)-N-[(3R)-7-氟-1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氫-1H-茚-4-基]-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.032) 3-(二氟甲基)-N-[(3S)-7-氟-1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氫-1H-茚-4-基]-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.033) 5,8-二氟-N-[2-(2-氟-4-{[4-(三氟甲基)-吡啶-2-基]氧基}苯基)乙基]喹唑啉-4-胺、(2.034) N-(2-環戊基-5-氟苯甲基)-N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.035) N-(2-三級丁基-5-甲基苯甲基)-N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.036) N-(2-三級丁基苯甲基)-N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.037) N-(5-氯-2-乙基苄基)-N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.038) isoflucypram、(2.039) N-[(1R,4S)-9-(二氯亞甲基)-1,2,3,4-四氫-1,4-甲橋萘-5-基]-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.040) N-[(1S,4R)-9-(二氯亞甲基)-1,2,3,4-四氫-1,4-甲橋萘-5-基]-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.041) N-[1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-甲氧基丙-2-基]-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.042) N-[2-氯-6-(三氟甲基)苄基]-N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.043) N-[3-氯-2-氟-6-(三氟甲基)苄基]-N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.044) N-[5-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苄基]-N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.045) N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-1-甲基-N-[5-甲基-2-(三氟甲基)苄基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.046) N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-N-(2-氟-6-異丙基苄基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.047) N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-N-(2-異丙基-5-甲基苄基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.048) N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-N-(2-異丙基苄基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-硫代甲醯胺、(2.049) N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-N-(2-異丙基苄基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.050) N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-N-(5-氟-2-異丙基苄基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.051) N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-N-(2-乙基-4,5-二甲基苄基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.052) N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-N-(2-乙基-5-氟苄基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.053) N-環丙基-3-(二氟甲基)-N-(2-乙基-5-甲基苄基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.054) N-環丙基-N-(2-環丙基-5-氟苄基)-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.055) N-環丙基-N-(2-環丙基-5-甲基苄基)-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.056) N-環丙基-N-(2-環丙基苄基)-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲醯胺、(2.057) pyrapropoyne、(2.058) N-[rac-(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)環丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)-菸醯胺、(2.059) N-[(1S,2S)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)環丁基]-2-(三氟甲基)菸醯胺。
3)呼吸鏈複合物III的抑制劑,舉例來說:(3.001)滅脫定(ametoctradin)、(3.002)安美速(amisulbrom)、(3.003)亞托敏(azoxystrobin)、(3.004)甲香菌酯(coumethoxystrobin)、(3.005)丁香菌酯(coumoxystrobin)、(3.006)賽座滅(cyazofamid)、(3.007)醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、(3.008)烯肟菌酯(enoxastrobin)、(3.009)凡殺同(famoxadone)、(3.010)咪唑菌酮(fenamidon)、(3.011)氟菌蟎酯(flufenoxystrobin)、(3.012)氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、(3.013)克收欣(kresoxim-methyl)、(3.014)苯氧菌胺(metominostrobin)、(3.015)肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin)、(3.016)啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、(3.017)百克敏(pyraclostrobin)、(3.018)唑菌胺酯(pyrametostrobin)、(3.019)唑菌酯(pyraoxystrobin)、(3.020)三氟敏(trifloxystrobin)、(3.021) (2E)-2-{2-[({[(1E)-1-(3-{[(E)-1-氟-2-苯基乙烯基]氧基}苯基)亞乙基]胺基}氧基)甲基]苯基}-2-(甲氧基亞胺基)-N-甲基乙醯胺、(3.022) (2E,3Z)-5-{[1-(4-氯苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-基]氧基}-2-(甲氧基亞胺基)-N,3-二甲基戊-3-烯醯胺、(3.023) (2R)-2-{2-[(2,5-二甲基苯氧基)甲基]苯基}-2-甲氧基-N-甲基乙醯胺、(3.024) (2S)-2-{2-[(2,5-二甲基苯氧基)甲基]苯基}-2-甲氧基-N-甲基乙醯胺、(3.025) fenpicoxamid、(3.026) mandestrobin、(3.027) N-(3-乙基-3,5,5-三甲基環己基)-3-甲醯胺基-2-羥基苯甲醯胺、(3.028) (2E,3Z)-5-{[1-(4-氯-2-氟苯基)-1H-吡唑-3-基]氧基}-2-(甲氧基亞胺基)-N,3-二甲基戊-3-烯醯胺、(3.029) 甲基{5-[3-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-2-甲基苄基}胺基甲酸酯、(3.030) metyltetraprole、(3.031) florylpicoxamid。
4)有絲分裂和細胞分裂抑制劑,舉例來說:(4.001)貝芬替(carbendazim)、(4.002)乙黴威(diethofencarb)、(4.003)噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、(4.004)氟比來(fluopicolide)、(4.005)賓克隆(pencycuron)、(4.006)腐絕(thiabendazole)、(4.007)甲基多保淨(thiophanate-methyl)、(4.008)座賽胺(zoxamide)、(4.009) pyridachlometyl、(4.010) 3-氯-5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,6-二氟苯基)-6-甲基嗒𠯤、(4.011) 3-氯-5-(6-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-甲基-4-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)嗒𠯤、(4.012) 4-(2-溴-4-氟苯基)-N-(2,6-二氟苯基)-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-胺、(4.013) 4-(2-溴-4-氟苯基)-N-(2-溴-6-氟苯基)-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-胺、(4.014) 4-(2-溴-4-氟苯基)-N-(2-溴苯基)-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-胺、(4.015) 4-(2-溴-4-氟苯基)-N-(2-氯-6-氟苯基)-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-胺、(4.016) 4-(2-溴-4-氟苯基)-N-(2-氯苯基)-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-胺、(4.017) 4-(2-溴-4-氟苯基)-N-(2-氟苯基)-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-胺、(4.018) 4-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-N-(2,6-二氟苯基)-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-胺、(4.019) 4-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-N-(2-氯-6-氟苯基)-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-胺、(4.020) 4-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-N-(2-氯苯基)-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-胺、(4.021) 4-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-N-(2-氟苯基)-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-胺、(4.022) 4-(4-氯苯基)-5-(2,6-二氟苯基)-3,6-二甲基嗒𠯤、(4.023) N-(2-溴-6-氟苯基)-4-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-胺、(4.024) N-(2-溴苯基)-4-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-胺、(4.025) N-(4-氯-2,6-二氟苯基)-4-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-胺、(4.026)氟醚菌醯胺(fluopimomide)。
5)能夠具有多位點作用的化合物,舉例來說:(5.001)波爾多混合劑(bordeaux mixture)、(5.002)四氯丹(captafol)、(5.003)蓋普丹(captan)、(5.004)四氯異苯腈(chlorothalonil)、(5.005)氫氧化銅、(5.006)環烷酸銅、(5.007)氧化銅、(5.008)氧氯化銅、(5.009)硫酸銅(2+)、(5.010)腈硫醌(dithianon)、(5.011)多寧(dodine)、(5.012)福爾培(folpet)、(5.013)鋅錳乃浦(mancozeb)、(5.014)錳乃浦(maneb)、(5.015)免得爛(metiram)、(5.016)免得爛鋅(metiram zinc)、(5.017)快得寧(oxine-copper)、(5.018)甲基鋅乃浦(propineb)、(5.019)硫和硫製備物,包括多硫化鈣,(5.020)得恩地(thiram)、(5.021)鋅乃浦(zineb)、(5.022)吉闌(ziram)、(5.023) 6-乙基-5,7-二側氧基-6,7-二氫-5H-吡咯并[3',4':5,6][1,4]二噻英(dithiino)[2,3-c][1,2]噻唑-3-甲腈。
6)能夠激發宿主防禦的化合物,舉例來說:(6.001) acibenzolar-S-methyl、(6.002)亞汰尼(isotianil)、(6.003)撲殺熱(probenazole)、(6.004)噻醯菌胺(tiadinil)。
7)胺基酸及/或蛋白質生合成抑制劑,舉例來說:(7.001)賽普洛(cyprodinil)、(7.002)嘉賜黴素(kasugamycin)、(7.003)嘉賜黴素氫氯酸鹽水合物、(7.004)土黴素(oxytetracycline)、(7.005)派美尼(pyrimethanil)、(7.006) 3-(5-氟-3,3,4,4-四甲基-3,4-二氫異喹啉-1-基)喹啉。
8)ATP生成抑制劑,舉例來說:(8.001)矽噻菌胺(silthiofam)。
9)細胞壁合成抑制劑,舉例來說:(9.001) benthiavalicarb、(9.002)達滅芬(dimethomorph)、(9.003)氟嗎啉(flumorph)、(9.004)丙森鋅(iprovalicarb)、(9.005)曼普胺(mandipropamid)、(9.006)丁吡嗎啉(pyrimorph)、(9.007) valifenalate、(9.008) (2E)-3-(4-三級丁基苯基)-3-(2-氯吡啶-4-基)-1-(嗎啉-4-基)丙-2-烯-1-酮、(9.009) (2Z)-3-(4-三級丁基苯基)-3-(2-氯吡啶-4-基)-1-(嗎啉-4-基)丙-2-烯-1-酮。
10)脂質與膜合成抑制劑,舉例來說:(10.001)普力克(propamocarb)、(10.002)普拔克(propamocarb hydrochloride)、(10.003)脫克松(tolclofos-methyl)。
11)黑色素生合成抑制劑,舉例來說:(11.001)三賽唑(tricyclazole)、(11.002) tolprocarb。
12)核酸合成抑制劑,舉例來說:(12.001)本達樂(benalaxyl)、(12.002)右本達樂(benalaxyl-M) (kiralaxyl)、(12.003)滅達樂(metalaxyl)、(12.004)右滅達樂(metalaxyl-M) (美芬諾(mefenoxam))。
13)信號轉導抑制劑,舉例來說:(13.001)護汰寧(fludioxonil)、(13.002)依普同(iprodione)、(13.003)撲滅寧(procymidone)、(13.004)普快淨(proquinazid)、(13.005)快諾芬(quinoxyfen)、(13.006)免克寧(vinclozolin)。
14)能作用為去耦聯劑的化合物,舉例來說:(14.001)扶吉胺(fluazinam)、(14.002)硝苯菌酯(meptyldinocap)。
15)另外的殺真菌劑,選自於由下列組成之群組:(15.001)脫落酸(abscisic acid)、(15.002)佈生(benthiazole)、(15.003) bethoxazin、(15.004)卡巴西黴素(capsimycin)、(15.005)香旱芹酮(carvone)、(15.006)蟎離丹(chinomethionat)、(15.007)硫雜靈(cufraneb)、(15.008)賽芬胺(cyflufenamid)、(15.009)克絕(cymoxanil)、(15.010) cyprosulfamide、(15.011) flutianil、(15.012)福賽得(fosetyl-aluminium)、(15.013)福賽得鈣(fosetyl-calcium)、(15.014)福賽得鈉(fosetyl-sodium)、(15.015)異硫氰酸甲酯、(15.016)滅芬農(metrafenone)、(15.017)米多黴素(mildiomycin)、(15.018)鏈黴菌素(natamycin)、(15.019)二甲基二硫基胺基甲酸鎳、(15.020)酞菌酯(nitrothal-isopropyl)、(15.021) oxamocarb、(15.022)氟噻唑吡乙酮(oxathiapiprolin)、(15.023) oxyfenthiin、(15.024)五氯酚及鹽類、(15.025)亞磷酸及其鹽類、(15.026) propamocarb-fosetylate、(15.027) pyriofenone (chlazafenone)、(15.028) tebufloquin、(15.029)克枯爛(tecloftalam)、(15.030) tolnifanide、(15.031) 1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-(2,6-二氟苯基)-4,5-二氫-1,2-㗁唑-3-基]-1,3-噻唑-2-基}哌啶-1-基)-2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙酮、(15.032) 1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-(2,6-二氟苯基)-4,5-二氫-1,2-㗁唑-3-基]-1,3-噻唑-2-基}哌啶-1-基)-2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙酮、(15.033) 2-(6-苄基吡啶-2-基)喹唑啉、(15.034) dipymetitrone、(15.035) 2-[3,5-雙(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-1-[4-(4-{5-[2-(丙-2-炔-1-基氧基)苯基]-4,5-二氫-1,2-㗁唑-3-基}-1,3-噻唑-2-基)哌啶-1-基]乙酮、(15.036) 2-[3,5-雙(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-1-[4-(4-{5-[2-氯-6-(丙-2-炔-1-基氧基)苯基]-4,5-二氫-1,2-㗁唑-3-基}-1,3-噻唑-2-基)哌啶-1-基]乙酮、(15.037) 2-[3,5-雙(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-1-[4-(4-{5-[2-氟-6-(丙-2-炔-1-基氧基)-苯基]-4,5-二氫-1,2-㗁唑-3-基}-1,3-噻唑-2-基)哌啶-1-基]乙酮、(15.038) 2-[6-(3-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-5-甲基吡啶-2-基]喹唑啉、(15.039) 2-{(5R)-3-[2-(1-{[3,5-雙(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙醯基}哌啶-4-基)-1,3-噻唑-4-基]-4,5-二氫-1,2-㗁唑-5-基}-3-氯苯基甲磺酸酯、(15.040) 2-{(5S)-3-[2-(1-{[3,5-雙(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙醯基}哌啶-4-基)-1,3-噻唑-4-基]-4,5-二氫-1,2-㗁唑-5-基}-3-氯苯基甲磺酸酯、(15.041) ipflufenoquin、(15.042) 2-{2-氟-6-[(8-氟-2-甲基喹啉-3-基)氧基]苯基}丙-2-醇、(15.043) fluoxapiprolin、(15.044) 2-{3-[2-(1-{[3,5-雙(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙醯基}哌啶-4-基)-1,3-噻唑-4-基]-4,5-二氫-1,2-㗁唑-5-基}苯基甲磺酸酯、(15.045) 2-苯基苯酚及其鹽、(15.046) 3-(4,4,5-三氟-3,3-二甲基-3,4-二氫異喹啉-1-基)喹啉、(15.047) quinofumelin、(15.048) 4-胺基-5-氟嘧啶-2-醇(互變異構形式:4-胺基-5-氟嘧啶-2(1H)-酮)、(15.049) 4-側氧基-4-[(2-苯基乙基)胺基]丁酸、(15.050) 5-胺基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫醇、(15.051) 5-氯-N'-苯基-N'-(丙-2-炔-1-基)噻吩2-磺醯肼、(15.052) 5-氟-2-[(4-氟苄基)氧基]嘧啶-4-胺、(15.053) 5-氟-2-[(4-甲基苄基)氧基]嘧啶-4-胺、(15.054) 9-氟-2,2-二甲基-5-(喹啉-3-基)-2,3-二氫-1,4-苯并氧雜氮呯、(15.055)丁-3-炔-1-基{6-[({[(Z)-(1-甲基-1H-四唑-5-基)(苯基)亞甲基]胺基}氧基)甲基]吡啶-2-基}胺基甲酸酯、(15.056)乙基(2Z)-3-胺基-2-氰基-3-苯基丙烯酸酯、(15.057)啡𠯤-1-甲酸、(15.058) 丙基3,4,5-三羥基苯甲酸酯、(15.059)喹啉-8-醇、(15.060)喹啉-8-醇硫酸鹽(2:1)、(15.061)三級丁基{6-[({[(1-甲基-1H-四唑-5-基)(苯基)亞甲基]胺基}氧基)甲基]吡啶-2-基}胺基甲酸酯、(15.062) 5-氟-4-亞胺基-3-甲基-1-[(4-甲基苯基)磺醯基]-3,4-二氫嘧啶-2(1H)-酮、(15.063) aminopyrifen、(15.064) (N'-[2-氯-4-(2-氟苯氧基)-5-甲基苯基]-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基-甲醯胺)、(15.065) (N'-(2-氯-5-甲基-4-苯氧基苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基亞胺基甲醯胺)、(15.066) (2-{2-[(7,8-二氟-2-甲基喹啉-3-基)氧基]-6-氟苯基}丙-2-醇)、(15.067) (5-溴-1-(5,6-二甲基吡啶-3-基)-3,3-二甲基-3,4-二氫異喹啉)、(15.068) (3-(4,4-二氟-5,5-二甲基-4,5-二氫噻吩并[2,3-c]吡啶-7-基)喹啉)、(15.069) (1-(4,5-二甲基-1H-苯并咪唑-1-基)-4,4-二氟-3,3-二甲基-3,4-二氫異喹啉)、(15.070) 8-氟-3-(5-氟-3,3-二甲基-3,4-二氫異喹啉-1-基)喹啉酮(quinolone)、(15.071) 8-氟-3-(5-氟-3,3,4,4-四甲基-3,4-二氫異喹啉-1-基)喹啉酮、(15.072) 3-(4,4-二氟-3,3-二甲基-3,4-二氫異喹啉-1-基)-8-氟喹啉、(15.073) (N-甲基-N-苯基-4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯甲醯胺)、(15.074) 甲基{4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基}胺基甲酸酯、(15.075) (N-{4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苄基}環丙烷甲醯胺)、(15.076) N-甲基-4-(5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯甲醯胺、(15.077) N-[(E)-甲氧基亞胺基-甲基]-4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯甲醯胺、(15.078) N-[(Z)-甲氧基亞胺基甲基]-4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯甲醯胺、(15.079) N-[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]環丙烷甲醯胺、(15.080) N-(2-氟苯基)-4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯甲醯胺、(15.081) 2,2-二氟-N-甲基-2-[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]乙醯胺、(15.082) N-烯丙基-N-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基)苯基]甲基]乙醯胺、(15.083) N-[(E)-N-甲氧基-C-甲基-亞胺羰基]-4-(5-(三氟-甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯甲醯胺、(15.084) N-[(Z)-N-甲氧基-C-甲基-亞胺羰基]-4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯甲醯胺、(15.085) N-烯丙基-N-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]丙醯胺、(15.086) 4,4-二甲基-1-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]吡咯啶-2-酮、(15.087) N-甲基-4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯硫代甲醯胺(benzenecarbothioamide)、(15.088) 5-甲基-1-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]吡咯啶-2-酮、(15.089) N-((2,3-二氟-4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]-3,3,3-三氟-丙醯胺、(15.090) 1-甲氧基-1-甲基-3-[[4-[5-(三氟-甲基}-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]脲、(15.091) 1,1-二乙基-3-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基}-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]脲、(15.092) N-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]丙醯胺、(15.093) N-甲氧基-N-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]-甲基]環丙烷甲醯胺、(15.094) 1-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]脲、(15.095) N-甲氧基-N-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基)環丙烷甲醯胺、(15.096) N,2-二甲氧基-N-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基}-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]丙醯胺、(15.097) N-乙基-2-甲基-N-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基)苯基]甲基]丙醯胺、(15.098) 1-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-[[4-[5-(三氟-甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]脲、(15.099) 1,3-二甲氧基-1-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]脲、(15.100) 3-乙基-1-甲氧基-1-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]脲、(15.101) 1-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]-甲基]哌啶-2-酮、(15.102) 4,4-二甲基-2-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]-甲基]異㗁唑啶-3-酮、(15.103) 5,5-二甲基-2-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]異㗁唑啶-3-酮、(15.104) 3,3-二甲基-1-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]哌啶-2-酮、(15.105) 1-[[3-氟-4-(5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]-苯基]甲基]氮雜環庚烷-2-酮、(15.106) 4,4-二甲基-2-[[4-(5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]-苯基]甲基]異㗁唑啶-3-酮、(15.107) 5,5-二甲基-2-[[4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基]甲基]異㗁唑啶-3-酮、(15.108) 1-{4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苄基}-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸乙酯、(15.109) N,N-二甲基-1-{4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苄基}-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-胺、(15.110) N-{2,3-二氟-4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苄基}丁醯胺、(15.111) N-(1-甲基環丙基)-4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯甲醯胺、(15.112) N-(2,4-二氟苯基)-4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯甲醯胺、(15.113) 1-(5,6-二甲基吡啶-3-基)-4,4-二氟-3,3-二甲基-3,4-二氫異喹啉、(15.114) 1-(6-(二氟甲基)-5-甲基-吡啶-3-基)-4,4-二氟-3,3-二甲基-3,4-二氫-異喹啉、(15.115) 1-(5-(氟甲基)-6-甲基-吡啶-3-基)-4,4-二氟-3,3-二甲基-3,4-二氫異喹啉、(15.116) 1-(6-(二氟甲基)-5-甲氧基-吡啶-3-基)-4,4-二氟-3,3-二甲基-3,4-二氫異喹啉、(15.117) 4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基二甲基-胺基甲酸酯、(15.118) N-{4-[5-(三氟甲基)-1,2,4-㗁二唑-3-基]苯基}丙醯胺、(15.119) 3-[2-(1-{[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙醯基}哌啶-4-基)-1,3-噻唑-4-基]-1,5-二氫-2,4-苯并二氧雜環庚烯-6-基甲磺酸酯、(15.120) 9-氟-3-[2-(1-{[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙醯基}哌啶-4-基)-1,3-噻唑-4-基]-1,5-二氫-2,4-苯并二氧雜環庚烯-6-基甲磺酸酯、(15.121) 3-[2-(1-{[3,5-雙(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙醯基}哌啶-4-基)-1,3-噻唑-4-基]-1,5-二氫-2,4-苯并二氧雜環庚烯-6-基甲磺酸酯、(15.122) 3-[2-(1-{[3,5-雙(二氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙醯基}哌啶-4-基)-1,3-噻唑-4-基]-9-氟-1,5-二氫-2,4-苯并二氧雜環庚烯-6-基甲磺酸酯、(15.123) 1-(6,7-二甲基吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-基)-4,4-二氟-3,3-二甲基-3,4-二氫異喹啉、(15.124) 8-氟-N-(4,4,4-三氟-2-甲基-1-苯基丁-2-基)喹啉-3-甲醯胺、(15.125) 8-氟-N-[(2S)-4,4,4-三氟-2-甲基-1-苯基丁-2-基]喹啉-3-甲醯胺、(15.126) N-(2,4-二甲基-1-苯基戊-2-基)-8-氟喹啉-3-甲醯胺與(15.127) N-[(2S)-2,4-二甲基-1-苯基戊-2-基]-8-氟喹啉-3-甲醯胺。
根據本發明的殺昆蟲劑(a)實例為:
(1)乙醯膽鹼酯酶(AChE)-抑制劑,譬如胺基甲酸酯類、Alanycarb、得滅克(Aldicarb)、免敵克(Bendiocarb)、免扶克(Benfuracarb)、佈嘉信(Butocarboxim)、丁酮碸威(Butoxycarboxim)、加保利(Carbaryl)、加保扶(Carbofuran)、丁硫加保扶(Carbosulfan)、愛芬克(Ethiofencarb)、丁基滅必蝨(Fenobucarb)、覆滅蟎(Formetanate)、扶線威(Furathiocarb)、滅必蝨(Isoprocarb)、滅賜克(Methiocarb)、納乃得(Methomyl)、治滅蝨(Metolcarb)、毆殺滅(Oxamyl)、比加普(Pirimicarb)、安丹(Propoxur)、硫敵克(Thiodicarb)、硫伐隆(Thiofanox)、唑蚜威(Triazamate)、混殺威(Trimethacarb)、XMC與滅爾蝨(Xylylcarb)或有機磷酸酯類,譬如毆殺松(Acephate)、亞滅松(Azamethiphos)、乙基谷速松(Azinphos-ethyl)、谷速松(Azinphos-methyl)、硫線磷(Cadusafos)、氯氧磷(Chlorethoxyfos)、氯芬松(Chlorfenvinphos)、氯甲硫磷(Chlormephos)、甲基陶斯松(Chlorpyrifos-methyl)、蠅毒磷(Coumaphos)、氰乃松(Cyanophos)、滅賜松(Demeton-S-methyl)、大利松(Diazinon)、二氯松(Dichlorvos/DDVP)、雙特松(Dicrotophos)、大滅松(Dimethoate)、甲基毒蟲畏(Dimethylvinphos)、二硫松(Disulfoton)、EPN、愛殺松(Ethion)、普伏松(Ethoprophos)、氨磺磷(Famphur)、芬滅松(Fenamiphos)、撲滅松(Fenitrothion)、芬殺松(Fenthion)、福賽絕(Fosthiazate)、飛達松(Heptenophos)、Imicyafos、亞芬松(Isofenphos)、O-(甲氧基胺基硫代磷醯基)水楊酸異丙酯、加福松(Isoxathion)、馬拉松(Malathion)、滅加松(Mecarbam)、達馬松(Methamidophos)、滅大松(Methidathion)、美文松(Mevinphos)、亞素靈(Monocrotophos)、乃力松(Naled)、毆滅松(Omethoate)、滅多松(Oxydemeton-methyl)、甲基巴拉松(Parathion-methyl)、賽達松(Phenthoate)、福瑞松(Phorate)、裕必松(Phosalon)、益滅松(Phosmet)、福賜米松(Phosphamidon)、巴賽松(Phoxim)、亞特松(Pirimiphos-methyl)、佈飛松(Profenofos)、撲達松(Propetamphos)、普硫松(Prothiofos)、白克松(Pyraclofos)、必芬松(Pyridaphenthion)、拜裕松(Quinalphos)、硫特普(Sulfotep)、丁基嘧啶磷(Tebupirimfos)、亞培松(Temephos)、托福松(Terbufos)、樂本松(Tetrachlorvinphos)、硫滅松(Thiometon)、三落松(Triazophos)、三氯松(Trichlorfon)與繁米松(Vamidothion)。
(2) GABA-閘控性氯通道拮抗劑,較佳為環二烯-有機氯類,選自可氯丹(Chlordane)與安殺番(Endosulfan)群組,或苯基吡唑類(Fiprole),選自益斯普(Ethiprole)與芬普尼(Fipronil)。
(3)鈉通道調節劑/電壓-依賴性鈉通道阻斷劑,舉例來說,除蟲菊類(pyrethroids),譬如阿納寧(Acrinathrin)、亞烈寧(Allethrin)、d-順反亞烈寧、d-反式亞烈寧、畢芬寧(Bifenthrin)、百亞列寧(Bioallethrin)、百亞列寧S-環戊烯基異構物、百列滅寧(Bioresmethrin)、乙氰菊酯(Cycloprothrin)、賽扶寧(Cyfluthrin)、貝他賽扶寧(beta-Cyfluthrin)、氯氟氰菊酯(Cyhalothrin)、賽洛寧(lambda-Cyhalothrin)、伽瑪賽洛寧(gamma-Cyhalothrin)、賽滅寧(Cypermethrin)、亞滅寧(alpha-Cypermethrin)、貝他賽滅寧(beta-Cypermethrin)、西塔賽滅寧(theta-Cypermethrin)、傑他賽滅寧(zeta-Cypermethrin)、賽酚寧(Cyphenothrin) [(1R)-反式異構物]、第滅寧(Deltamethrin)、益避寧(Empenthrin) [(EZ)-(1R)異構物])、益化利(Esfenvalerate)、依芬寧(Etofenprox)、芬普寧(Fenpropathrin)、芬化利(Fenvalerate)、護賽寧(Flucythrinate)、氟氯苯菊酯(Flumethrin)、福化利(tau-Fluvalinate)、合芬寧(Halfenprox)、依普寧(Imiprothrin)、剋特寧(Kadethrin)、Momfluorothrin、百滅寧(Permethrin)、撲滅芬(Phenothrin) [(1R)-反式異構物]、普亞列寧(Prallethrin)、除蟲菊素(Pyrethrine) (pyrethrum)、列滅寧(Resmethrin)、矽護芬(Silafluofen)、七氟菊酯(Tefluthrin)、治滅寧(Tetramethrin)、治滅寧[(1R)異構物)]、泰滅寧(Tralomethrin)與拜富寧(Transfluthrin)或DDT或甲氧滴滴涕(Methoxychlor)。
(4)菸鹼性乙醯膽鹼受體(nAChR)競爭性活化劑,較佳為新菸鹼類,選自亞滅培(Acetamiprid)、可尼丁(Clothianidin)、達特南(Dinotefuran)、益達胺(Imidacloprid)、烯啶蟲胺(Nitenpyram)、賽果培(Thiacloprid)與賽速安(Thiamethoxam)或尼古丁(Nicotin),或硫醯亞胺類(Sulfoximine),選自速殺氟(Sulfoxaflor),或丁烯羥酸內酯類(Butenolide),選自氟吡呋喃酮(Flupyradifurone),或中離子化合物(Mesoionics),選自三氟苯嘧啶(Triflumezopyrim)。
(5)菸鹼性乙醯膽鹼受體(nAChR)異位型活化劑,較佳為Spinosyne,選自賜諾特(Spinetoram)與賜諾殺(Spinosad)。
(6)麩胺酸-依賴性氯化物通道(GluCl)異位型調節劑,較佳為阿維菌素/米貝黴素(Avermectine/Milbemycine),選自阿巴汀(Abamectin)、因滅汀(Emamectin-benzoate)、雷皮菌素(Lepimectin)與密滅汀(Milbemectin)。
(7)青春激素模擬物,較佳為青春激素類似物,選自烯蟲乙酯(Hydropren)、烯蟲炔酯(Kinopren)與美賜平(Methopren)、或芬諾克(Fenoxycarb)或百利普芬(Pyriproxyfen)。
(8)各種非特異性(多位點)抑制劑,較佳為烷基鹵化物,選自甲基溴與其他烷基鹵化物、或氯化苦(Chloropicrin)或硫醯氟(Sulfurylfluorid)或硼砂(borax)或吐酒石(Tartar emetic)或甲基異氰酸酯生成劑,選自邁隆(Diazomet)與斯美地(Metam)。
(9)弦音器(chordotonal organs)的TRPV通道調節劑,選自派滅淨(Pymetrozin)與Pyrifluquinazon。
(10)蟎生長抑制劑,選自克芬蟎(Clofentezin)、合賽多(Hexythiazox)、Diflovidazin與依殺蟎(Etoxazol)。
(11)昆蟲腸膜的微生物性破壞劑,選自蘇力菌以色列亞種(Bacillus thuringiensis Subspezies israelensis)、球形桿菌(Bacillus sphaericus)、蘇力菌鮎澤亞種(Bacillus thuringiensis Subspezies aizawai)、蘇力菌庫斯克亞種(Bacillus thuringiensis Subspezies kurstaki)、蘇力菌擬步甲亞種(Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies tenebrionis)與選自下列的B.t.-植物蛋白:Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry1Fa、Cry1A.105、Cry2Ab、VIP3A、mCry3A、Cry3Ab、Cry3Bb與Cry34Ab1/35Ab1。
(12)粒線體ATP合成酶抑制劑,較佳為ATP破壞劑,選自汰芬隆(Diafenthiuron)、或有機錫化合物,選自亞環鍚(Azocyclotin)、錫蟎丹(Cyhexatin)與芬佈賜(Fenbutatin-oxide)或毆蟎多(Propargit)或得脫蟎(Tetradifon)。
(13)藉由擾亂質子梯度的氧化性磷酸化去耦劑,選自克凡派(Chlorfenapyr)、DNOC與氟蟲胺(Sulfluramid)。
(14)菸鹼性乙醯膽鹼受體通道阻斷劑,選自免速達(Bensultap)、培丹鹽酸鹽(Cartap-hydrochlorid)、硫賜安(Thiocyclam)與殺蟲雙(Thiosultap-Sodium)。
(15)幾丁質生合成抑制劑,第0型,選自雙三氟蟲脲(Bistrifluron)、克福隆(Chlorfluazuron)、二福隆(Diflubenzuron)、氟環脲(Flucycloxuron)、氟芬隆(Flufenoxuron)、六伏隆(Hexaflumuron)、祿芬隆(Lufenuron)、諾伐隆(Novaluron)、諾福隆(Noviflumuron)、得福隆(Teflubenzuron)與三福隆(Triflumuron)。
(16)幾丁質生合成抑制劑,第1型,選自布芬淨(Buprofezin)。
(17)雙翅類蛻皮擾亂劑(尤其是雙翅目,即兩翅昆蟲),選自賽滅淨(Cyromazin)。
(18)蛻皮激素受體促效劑,選自可芬諾(Chromafenozid)、氯蟲醯肼(Halofenozid)、滅芬諾(Methoxyfenozid)與得芬諾(Tebufenozid)。
(19)章魚胺能受體促效劑,選自三亞蟎(Amitraz)。
(20)粒線體複合物III電子傳遞抑制劑,選自愛美松(Hydramethylnon)、亞醌蟎(Acequinocyl)與嘧蟎酯(Fluacrypyrim)。
(21)粒線體複合物I電子傳遞抑制劑,較佳為所謂的METI-殺蟎劑,選自芬殺蟎(Fenazaquin)、芬普蟎(Fenpyroximat)、畢汰芬(Pyrimidifen)、畢達本(Pyridaben)、得芬瑞(Tebufenpyrad)與脫芬瑞(Tolfenpyrad)、或魚藤精(Rotenon) (Derris)。
(22)電壓依賴性鈉通道阻斷劑,選自因得克(Indoxacarb)與美氟綜(Metaflumizone)。
(23)乙醯基-CoA羧化酶抑制劑,較佳為特窗酸(tetronic acid)與特拉姆酸(te tramic acid)衍生物,選自賜派芬(Spirodiclofen)、賜滅芬(Spiromesifen)、賜派滅(Spirotetramat)與Spidoxamate (IUPAC名稱: 11-(4-氯-2,6-二甲苯基)-12-羥基-1,4-二氧雜-9-氮雜二螺[4.2.4.2]十四-11-烯-10-酮)。
(24)粒線體複合物IV電子傳遞抑制劑,較佳為膦類,選自好達勝(aluminium phosphide)、磷化鈣、膦與磷化鋅、或氰化物,選自氰化鈣、氰化鉀和氰化鈉。
(25)粒線體複合物II電子傳遞抑制劑,較佳為貝他-酮腈衍生物,選自賽派芬(Cyenopyrafen)與賽芬蟎(Cyflumetofen)、或羧醯苯胺類,選自Pyflubumid。
(28)魚尼丁受體調節劑,較佳為二醯胺類,選自剋安勃(Chlorantraniliprol)、賽安勃(Cyantraniliprol)與氟大滅(Flubendiamid)。
(29)弦音器(未定義目標結構)的調節劑,選自氟尼胺(Flonicamid)。
(30)其他活性成分,選自Acynonapyr、雙丙環蟲酯(Afidopyropen)、阿福拉那(Afoxolaner)、印楝素(Azadirachtin)、Benclothiaz、西脫蟎(Benzoximat)、Benzpyrimoxan、必芬蟎(Bifenazat)、Broflanilid、新殺蟎(Bromopropylat)、蟎離丹(Chinomethionat)、右旋反式氯丙炔菊酯(Chloroprallethrin)、冰晶石(Cryolit)、環溴蟲醯胺(Cyclaniliprol)、環氧蟲啶(Cycloxaprid)、氯氟氰蟲醯胺(Cyhalodiamid)、Dicloromezotiaz、大克蟎(Dicofol)、Dimpropyridaz、ε-美特靈(epsilon Metofluthrin)、epsilon Momfluthrin、Flometoquin、三氟咪啶醯胺(Fluazaindolizin)、氟速芬(Fluensulfon)、嘧蟲胺(Flufenerim)、氟菌蟎酯(Flufenoxystrobin)、丁烯氟蟲腈(Flufiprol)、Fluhexafon、氟派瑞(Fluopyram)、Flupyrimin、弗雷拉納(Fluralaner)、Fluxametamid、呋喃蟲醯肼(Fufenozid)、戊吡蟲胍(Guadipyr)、右旋七氟甲醚菊酯(Heptafluthrin)、氯噻啉(Imidaclothiz)、依普同(Iprodione)、Isocycloseram、κ-畢芬寧(kappa Bifenthrin)、κ-七氟菊酯(kappa Tefluthrin)、Lotilaner、氯氟醚菊酯(Meperfluthrin)、Oxazosulfyl、哌蟲啶(Paichongding)、三氟甲吡醚(Pyridalyl)、Pyrifluquinazon、嘧蟎胺(Pyriminostrobin)、螺蟎雙酯(Spirobudiclofen)、Spiropidion、四氟醚菊酯(Tetramethylfluthrin)、四唑蟲醯胺(Tetraniliprol)、四氯蟲醯胺(Tetrachlorantraniliprol)、Tigolaner、Tioxazafen、硫氟肟醚(Thiofluoximat)與碘甲烷;得自堅強芽孢桿菌(Bacillus firmus)的產品(I-1582, BioNeem, Votivo)以及下列化合物:1-{2-氟-4-甲基-5-[(2,2,2-三氟乙基)亞磺醯基]苯基}-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-胺(習知自WO2006/043635) (CAS 885026-50-6)、{1'-[(2E)-3-(4-氯苯基)丙-2-烯-1-基]-5-氟螺[吲哚-3,4'-哌啶]-1(2H)-基}(2-氯吡啶-4-基)甲酮(習知自WO2003/106457) (CAS 637360-23-7)、2-氯-N-[2-{1-[(2E)-3-(4-氯苯基)丙-2-烯-1-基]哌啶-4-基}-4-(三氟甲基)苯基]異菸鹼醯胺(習知自WO2006/003494) (CAS 872999-66-1)、3-(4-氯-2,6-二甲基苯基)-4-羥基-8-甲氧基-1,8-二氮雜螺[4.5]癸-3-烯-2-酮(習知自WO 2010052161) (CAS 1225292-17-0)、3-(4-氯-2,6-二甲基苯基)-8-甲氧基-2-側氧基-1,8-二氮雜螺[4.5]癸-3-烯-4-基乙基碳酸酯(習知自EP 2647626) (CAS-1440516-42-6)、4-(丁-2-炔-1-基氧基)-6-(3,5-二甲基哌啶-1-基)-5-氟嘧啶(習知自WO2004/099160) (CAS 792914-58-0)、PF1364 (習知自JP2010/018586) (CAS登錄號1204776-60-2)、(3E)-3-[1-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲基]-2-吡啶亞基]-1,1,1-三氟丙-2-酮(習知自WO2013/144213) (CAS 1461743-15-6)、N-[3-(苄基胺基甲醯基)-4-氯苯基]-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲醯胺(習知自WO2010/051926) (CAS 1226889-14-0)、5-溴-4-氯-N-[4-氯-2-甲基-6-(甲基胺基甲醯基)苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)吡唑-3-甲醯胺(習知自CN103232431) (CAS 1449220-44-3)、4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-4,5-二氫-5-(三氟甲基)-3-異㗁唑基]-2-甲基-N-(順式-1-氧橋-3-硫雜環丁烷基)苯甲醯胺、4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-4,5-二氫-5-(三氟甲基)-3-異㗁唑基]-2-甲基-N-(反式-1-氧橋-3-硫雜環丁烷基)苯甲醯胺與4-[(5S)-5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-4,5-二氫-5-(三氟甲基)-3-異㗁唑基]-2-甲基-N-(順式-1-氧橋-3-硫雜環丁烷基)苯甲醯胺(習知自WO 2013/050317 A1) (CAS 1332628-83-7)、N-[3-氯-1-(3-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-4-基]-N-乙基-3-[(3,3,3-三氟丙基)亞磺醯基]丙醯胺、(+)-N-[3-氯-1-(3-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-4-基]-N-乙基-3-[(3,3,3-三氟丙基)亞磺醯基]丙醯胺與(-)-N-[3-氯-1-(3-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-4-基]-N-乙基-3-[(3,3,3-三氟丙基)亞磺醯基]丙醯胺(習知自WO 2013/162715 A2、WO 2013/162716 A2、US 2014/0213448 A1) (CAS 1477923-37-7)、5-[[(2E)-3-氯-2-丙烯-1-基]胺基]-1-[2,6-二氯-4-(三氟甲基)苯基]-4-[(三氟甲基)亞磺醯基]-1H-吡唑-3-甲腈(習知自CN 101337937 A) (CAS 1105672-77-2)、3-溴-N-[4-氯-2-甲基-6-[(甲基胺基)硫酮基甲基]苯基]-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲醯胺(硫代苯甲醯胺(Liudaibenjiaxuanan),習知自CN 103109816 A) (CAS 1232543-85-9);N-[4-氯-2-[[(1,1-二甲基乙基)胺基]羰基]-6-甲基苯基]-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-3-(氟甲氧基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲醯胺(習知自WO 2012/034403 A1) (CAS 1268277-22-0)、N-[2-(5-胺基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基)-4-氯-6-甲基苯基]-3-溴-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲醯胺(習知自WO 2011/085575 A1) (CAS 1233882-22-8)、4-[3-[2,6-二氯-4-[(3,3-二氯-2-丙烯-1-基)氧基]苯氧基]丙氧基]-2-甲氧基-6-(三氟甲基)嘧啶(習知自CN 101337940 A) (CAS 1108184-52-6);(2E)-與2(Z)-2-[2-(4-氰基苯基)-1-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]亞乙基]-N-[4-(二氟甲氧基)苯基]肼甲醯胺(習知自CN 101715774 A) (CAS 1232543-85-9);環丙烷甲酸-3-(2,2-二氯乙烯基)-2,2-二甲基-4-(1H苯并咪唑-2-基)苯酯(習知自CN 103524422 A) (CAS 1542271-46-4);(4aS)-7-氯-2,5-二氫-2-[[(甲氧基羰基)[4-[(三氟甲基)硫基]苯基]胺基]羰基]茚并[1,2-e][1,3,4]㗁二𠯤-4a(3H)-甲酸甲酯(習知自CN 102391261 A) (CAS 1370358-69-2);6-去氧基-3-O-乙基-2,4-二-O-甲基-1-[N-[4-[1-[4-(1,1,2,2,2-五氟乙氧基)苯基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基]苯基]胺基甲酸酯]-α-L-甘露吡喃糖(習知自US 2014/0275503 A1) (CAS 1181213-14-8);8-(2-環丙基甲氧基-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-3-(6-三氟甲基嗒𠯤-3-基)-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛烷(CAS 1253850-56-4)、(8-逆)-8-(2-環丙基甲氧基-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-3-(6-三氟甲基嗒𠯤-3-基)-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛烷(CAS 933798-27-7)、(8-同)-8-(2-環丙基甲氧基-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-3-(6-三氟甲基嗒𠯤-3-基)-3-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛烷(習知自WO 2007040280 A1、WO 2007040282 A1) (CAS 934001-66-8)、N-[3-氯-1-(3-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-4-基]-N-乙基-3-[(3,3,3-三氟丙基)硫基]丙醯胺(習知自WO 2015/058021 A1、WO 2015/058028 A1) (CAS 1477919-27-9)以及N-[4-(胺基硫酮甲基)-2-甲基-6-[(甲基胺基)羰基]苯基]-3-溴-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲醯胺(習知自CN 103265527 A) (CAS 1452877-50-7)、5-(1,3-二㗁烷-2-基)-4-[[4-(三氟甲基)苯基]甲氧基]-嘧啶(習知自WO 2013/115391 A1) (CAS 1449021-97-9)、3-(4-氯-2,6-二甲基苯基)-8-甲氧基-1-甲基-1,8-二氮雜螺[4.5]癸-2,4-二酮(習知自WO 2014/187846 A1) (CAS 1638765-58-8)、3-(4-氯-2,6-二甲基苯基)-8-甲氧基-1-甲基-2-側氧基-1,8-二氮雜螺[4.5]癸-3-烯-4-基-碳酸乙酯(習知自 WO 2010/066780 A1、WO 2011151146 A1) (CAS 1229023-00-0)、4-[(5S)-5-(3,5-二氯-4-氟苯基)-4,5-二氫-5-(三氟甲基)-3-異㗁唑基]-N-[(4R)-2-乙基-3-側氧基-4-異㗁唑啶基]-2-甲基-苯甲醯胺(習知自WO 2011/067272, WO2013/050302) (CAS 1309959-62-3)。
根據本發明的除草劑a)實例為:
乙草胺(Acetochlor)、亞喜芬(acifluorfen)、亞喜芬鈉鹽(acifluorfen-sodium)、苯草醚(aclonifen)、拉草(alachlor)、草毒死(allidochlor)、alloxydim、亞汰草(alloxydim-sodium)、草殺淨(ametryn)、胺唑草酮(amicarbazone)、amidochlor、醯嘧磺隆(amidosulfuron)、4-胺基-3-氯-5-氟-6-(7-氟-1H-吲哚-6-基)吡啶-2-甲酸、氯丙嘧啶酸(aminocyclopyrachlor)、氯丙嘧啶酸鉀鹽、氯丙嘧啶酸甲酯、氯胺吡啶酸(aminopyralid)、殺草強(amitrole)、胺基磺酸銨(ammoniumsulfamate)、莎稗磷(anilofos)、亞速爛(asulam)、草脫淨(atrazine)、草芬定(azafenidin)、四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron)、氟丁醯草胺(beflubutamid)、草除靈(benazolin)、草除靈乙酯(benazolin-ethyl)、倍尼芬(benfluralin)、呋草黃(benfuresate)、bensulfuron、免速隆(bensulfuron-methyl)、地散磷(bensulide)、本達隆(bentazon)、苯并雙環酮(benzobicyclon)、吡草酮(benzofenap)、氟吡草酮(bicyclopyron)、必芬諾(bifenox)、畢拉草(bilanafos)、畢拉草鈉鹽(bilanafos-sodium)、bispyribac、雙草醚(bispyribac-sodium)、bixlozone、克草(bromacil)、溴丁醯草胺(bromobutide)、溴酚肟(bromofenoxim)、溴苯腈(bromoxynil)、溴苯腈丁酸酯、溴苯腈鉀鹽、溴苯腈庚酸酯、與溴苯腈辛酸酯、羥草酮(busoxinone)、丁基拉草(butachlor)、布芬草(butafenacil)、抑草磷(butamifos)、丁烯草胺(butenachlor)、比達寧(butralin)、丁苯草酮(butroxydim)、拔敵草(butylate)、唑草胺(cafenstrole)、卡草胺(carbetamide)、克繁草(carfentrazone)、乙基克繁草(carfentrazone-ethyl)、克爛本(chloramben)、滅落寧(chlorbromuron)、1-{2-氯-3-[(3-環丙基-5-羥基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)羰基]-6-(三氟甲基)苯基}哌啶-2-酮、4-{2-氯-3-[(3,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑-1-基)甲基]-4-(甲基磺醯基)苄醯基}-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-5-基-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸酯、伐草克(chlorfenac)、伐草克鈉鹽(chlorfenac-sodium)、chlorfenprop、氯甲丹(chlorflurenol)、甲基氯甲丹(chlorflurenol-methyl)、氯草敏(chloridazon)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron)、乙基氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron-ethyl)、2-[2-氯-4-(甲基磺醯基)-3-(嗎啉-4-基甲基)苄醯基]-3-羥基環己-2-烯-1-酮、4-{2-氯-4-(甲基磺醯基)-3-[(2,2,2-三氟乙氧基)甲基]苄醯基}-1-乙基-1H-吡唑-5-基-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸酯、chlorophthalim、綠麥隆(chlorotoluron)、大克草(chlorthal-dimethyl)、3-[5-氯-4-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基]-4-羥基-1-甲基咪唑啶-2-酮、氯磺隆(chlorsulfuron)、吲哚酮草(cinidon)、乙基吲哚酮草(cinidon-ethyl)、環庚草醚(cinmethylin)、西速隆(cinosulfuron)、氯醯草膦(clacyfos)、剋草同(clethodim)、clodinafop、炔草酯(clodinafop-propargyl)、可滅蹤(clomazone)、克普草(clomeprop)、畢克草(clopyralid)、氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam)、甲基氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam-methyl)、康美隆(cumyluron)、氰滿素(cyanamide)、氰乃淨(cyanazine)、草滅特(cycloate)、cyclopyranil、cyclopyrimorate、環磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、環殺草(cycloxydim)、賽伏草(cyhalofop)、丁基賽伏草(cyhalofop-butyl)、環草津(cyprazine);二、四-地;、二、四-地丁氧乙酯(2,4-D-butotyl);二、四-地丁酯;二、四-地二甲銨;二、四-地二醇胺;二、四-地乙酯;二、四-地2-乙基己酯;二、四-地異丁酯;二、四-地異辛酯;二、四-地異丙銨鹽;二、四-地鉀鹽;二、四-地三異丙醇銨鹽與二、四-地三乙醇胺、2,4-DB、2,4-DB-丁酯、2,4-DB-二甲銨、2,4-DB-異辛酯、2,4-DB-鉀、與2,4-DB-鈉、汰草隆(daimuron (dymron))、得拉本(dalapon)、邁隆(dazomet)、正癸醇、甜菜安(desmedipham)、detosyl-pyrazolate (DTP)、汰克草(dicamba)、二氯苯腈(dichlobenil)、滴丙酸(dichlorprop)、滴丙酸-P (dichlorprop-P)、diclofop、禾草靈(diclofop-methyl)、diclofop-P-methyl、雙氯磺草胺(diclosulam)、diethamquat、吡氟醯草胺(diflufenican)、氟吡草腙(diflufenzopyr)、氟吡草腙鈉鹽(diflufenzopyr-sodium)、㗁唑隆(dimefuron)、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、克草胺(dimethachlor)、異戊乙淨(dimethametryn)、汰草滅(dimethenamid)、汰草滅-P (dimethenamid-P)、3-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-6-[(2-羥基-6-氧基環己-1-烯-1-基)羰基]-1-甲基喹唑啉-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮、1,3-二甲基-4-[2-(甲基磺醯基)-4-(三氟甲基)苄醯基]-1H-吡唑-5-基-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酸酯、dimetrasulfuron、撻乃安(dinitramine)、特樂酚(dinoterb)、大芬滅(diphenamid)、敵草快(diquat)、二溴敵草快(diquat-dibromid)、汰硫草(dithiopyr)、達有龍(diuron)、DMPA、DNOC、草多索(endothal)、EPTC、禾草畏(esprocarb)、乙氟消草(ethalfluralin)、胺苯磺隆(ethametsulfuron)、甲基胺苯磺隆(ethametsulfuron-methyl)、乙𠯤草酮(ethiozin)、益覆滅(ethofumesate)、氟乳醚(ethoxyfen)、乙基氟乳醚(ethoxyfen-ethyl)、亞速隆(ethoxysulfuron)、乙氧苯草胺(etobenzanid)、[(3-{2-氯-4-氟-5-[3-甲基-2,6-二側氧基-4-(三氟甲基)-3,6-二氫嘧啶-1(2H)-基]苯氧基}吡啶-2-基]氧基]乙酸乙酯、F-9960、F-5231,即N-{2-氯-4-氟-5-[4-(3-氟丙基)-5-側氧基-4,5-二氫-1H-四唑-1-基]苯基}乙磺醯胺、F-7967,即3-[7-氯-5-氟-2-(三氟甲基)-1H-苯并咪唑-4-基]-1-甲基-6-(三氟甲基)嘧啶-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮、fenoxaprop、fenoxaprop-P、芬殺草(fenoxaprop-ethyl)、fenoxaprop-P-ethyl、fenoxasulfone、fenquinotrione、四唑醯草胺(fentrazamide)、麥草伏(flamprop)、麥草伏異丙酯(flamprop-M-isopropyl)、麥草伏甲酯(flamprop-M-methyl)、伏速隆(flazasulfuron)、雙氟磺草胺(florasulam)、fluazifop、fluazifop-P、fluazifop-butyl、伏寄普(fluazifop-P-butyl)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone)、氟酮磺隆鈉鹽(flucarbazone-sodium)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、貝殺寧(fluchloralin)、噻氟草胺(flufenacet)、氟嗒𠯤草酯(flufenpyr)、乙基氟嗒𠯤草酯(flufenpyr-ethyl)、氟磺唑草胺(flumetsulam)、氟烯草酸(flumiclorac)、氟胺草酯(flumiclorac-pentyl)、丙炔氟草胺(flumioxazin)、可奪草(fluometuron)、芴醇(flurenol)、芴醇丁酯、芴醇二甲銨與芴醇甲酯、fluoroglycofen、乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen-ethyl)、flupropanate、flupyrsulfuron、flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium、氟啶草酮(fluridone)、fluro-chloridone、氟草定(fluroxypyr)、氟氯比(fluroxypyr-meptyl)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、𠯤草酸(fluthiacet)、𠯤草酸甲酯(fluthiacet-methyl)、氟磺胺草醚(fomesafen)、氟磺胺草醚鈉(fomesafen-sodium)、甲醯胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、殺木膦(fosamine)、glufosinate、固殺草(glufosinate-ammonium)、glufosinate-P-sodium、glufosinate-P-ammonium、glufosinate-P-sodium、嘉磷塞(glyphosate)、嘉磷塞銨鹽、嘉磷塞異丙銨鹽、嘉磷塞二銨鹽、嘉磷塞二甲銨鹽、嘉磷塞鉀鹽、嘉磷塞鈉鹽與嘉磷塞三甲基硫鹽、H-9201,即O-(2,4-二甲基-6-硝苯基) O-乙基異丙基硫代磷醯胺、halauxifen、氯氟吡啶酯(halauxifen-methyl)、halosafen、halosulfuron、合速隆(halosulfuron-methyl)、合氯氟(haloxyfop)、合氯氟-P、乙氧基乙基合氯氟、乙氧基乙基合氯氟-P、甲基合氯氟、甲基合氯氟-P、菲殺淨(hexazinone)、HW-02,即1-(二甲氧基磷醯基)乙基-(2,4-二氯苯氧基)乙酸酯、4-羥基-1-甲氧基-5-甲基-3-[4-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基]咪唑啶-2-酮、4-羥基-1-甲基-3-[4-(三氟甲基)吡啶-2-基]咪唑啶-2-酮、(5-羥基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基)(3,3,4-三甲基-1,1-二氧合-2,3-二氫-1-苯并噻吩-5-基)甲酮、6-[(2-羥基-6-氧基環己-1-烯-1-基)羰基]-1,5-二甲基-3-(2-甲基苯基)喹唑啉-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮、咪草酸(imazamethabenz)、咪草酸甲酯(imazamethabenz-methyl)、甲氧咪草煙(imazamox)、甲氧咪草煙銨鹽(imazamox-ammonium)、甲基咪草煙(imazapic)、甲基咪草煙銨鹽(imazapic-ammonium)、依滅草(imazapyr)、依滅草異丙銨鹽(imazapyr-isopropylammonium)、滅草喹(imazaquin)、滅草喹銨(imazaquin-ammonium)、咪草煙(imazethapyr)、咪草煙銨鹽(imazethapyr-ammonium)、依速隆(imazosulfuron)、茚草酮(indanofan)、indaziflam、碘磺隆(iodosulfuron)、甲基碘磺隆鈉鹽(iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium)、碘苯腈(ioxynil)、碘苯腈辛酸酯、碘苯腈鉀鹽與碘苯腈鈉鹽、三唑醯草胺(ipfencarbazone)、異丙隆(isoproturon)、愛速隆(isouron)、異㗁醯草胺(isoxaben)、異㗁唑草酮(isoxaflutole)、卡靈草(karbutilate)、KUH-043,即3-({[5-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-4-基]甲基}磺醯基)-5,5-二甲基-4,5-二氫-1,2-㗁唑、keto-spiradox、乳氟禾草靈(lactofen)、環草定(lenacil)、理有龍(linuron)、MCPA、MCPA-丁氧乙酯、MCPA-二甲銨、MCPA-2-乙基己酯、MCPA-異丙銨、MCPA-鉀鹽與MCPA-鈉鹽、MCPB、MCPB-甲酯、MCPB-乙酯與MCPB-鈉鹽、mecoprop、mecoprop鈉鹽與mecoprop丁氧乙酯、mecoprop-P、mecoprop-P-丁氧乙酯、mecoprop-二甲銨、mecoprop-2-乙基己酯與mecoprop-鉀鹽、滅芬草(mefenacet)、美福泰(mefluidide)、二磺隆(mesosulfuron)、甲基二磺隆(metsulfuron-methyl)、甲磺草酮(mesotrione)、噻唑隆(methabenzthiazuron)、metam、㗁唑醯草胺(metamifop)、苯𠯤草酮(metamitron)、滅草胺(metazachlor)、𠯤吡嘧磺隆(metazosulfuron)、噻唑隆(methabenzthiazuron)、甲硫嘧磺隆(methiopyrsulfuron)、methiozolin、2-({2-[(2-甲氧基乙氧基)甲基]-6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基}羰基)環己-1,3-二酮、異硫氰酸甲酯、1-甲基-4-[(3,3,4-三甲基-1,1-二氧合-2,3-二氫-1-苯并噻吩-5-基)羰基]-1H-吡唑-5-基丙-1-磺酸酯、撲奪草(metobromuron)、莫多草(metolachlor)、S-莫多草、磺草唑胺(metosulam)、甲氧隆(metoxuron)、滅必淨(metribuzin)、metsulfuron、甲磺隆(metsulfuron-methyl)、稻得壯(molinat)、綠谷隆(monolinuron)、單嘧磺隆(monosulfuron)、單嘧磺隆酯(monosulfuron-ester)、MT-5950,即N-(3-氯-4-異丙基苯基)-2-甲基戊醯胺、NGGC-011、滅落脫(napropamide)、NC-310,即[5-(苄基氧基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-基](2,4-二氯苯基)-甲酮、草不隆(neburon)、煙嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、壬酸(天竺葵酸)、氟草敏(norflurazon)、油酸(脂肪酸)、坪草丹(orbencarb)、orthosulfamuron、歐拉靈(oryzalin)、炔丙㗁唑草(oxadiargyl)、樂滅草(oxadiazon)、環氧嘧磺隆(oxasulfuron)、oxaziclomefon、復祿芬(oxyfluorfen)、巴拉刈(paraquat)、巴拉刈二氯靈(paraquat dichloride)、克草猛(pebulate)、施得圃(pendimethalin)、平速爛(penoxsulam)、五氯酚、環戊㗁草酮(pentoxazone)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、石油、甜菜寧(phenmedipham)、畢克爛(picloram)、氟吡醯草胺(picolinafen)、唑啉草酯(pinoxaden)、哌草磷(piperophos)、普拉草(pretilachlor)、氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron)、氟嘧磺隆甲酯(primisulfuron-methyl)、胺基丙氟靈(prodiamine)、環草苯酮(profoxydim)、撲滅通(prometon)、佈滅淨(prometryn)、雷蒙得(propachlor)、除草靈(propanil)、普拔草(propaquizafop)、普拔根(propazine)、苯胺靈(propham)、異丙草胺(propisochlor)、丙苯磺隆(propoxy-carbazone)、丙苯磺隆鈉鹽(propoxycarbazone-sodium)、丙𠯤嘧磺隆(propyrisulfuron)、戊炔草胺(propyzamide)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、三氟丙磺隆(prosulfuron)、雙唑草腈(pyraclonil)、派芬草(pyraflufen)、乙基派芬草(pyraflufen-ethyl)、磺醯草吡唑(pyrasulfotole)、苄草唑(pyrazolynate (pyrazolate))、pyrazosulfuron、百速隆(pyrazosulfuron-ethyl)、普芬草(pyrazoxyfen)、pyribambenz、異丙酯草醚(pyribambenz-isopropyl)、丙酯草醚(pyribambenz-propyl)、嘧啶肟草醚(pyribenzoxim)、稗草畏(pyributicarb)、pyridafol、必汰草(pyridate)、環酯草醚(pyriftalid)、pyriminobac、嘧草醚(pyriminobac-methyl)、pyrimi-sulfan、嘧硫草醚(pyrithiobac)、嘧硫草醚鈉鹽(pyrithiobac-sodium)、碸吡草唑(pyroxasulfone)、定磺草胺(pyroxsulam)、快克草(quinclorac)、氯甲喹啉酸(quinmerac)、莫克草(quino-clamine)、quizalofop、quizalofop乙酯、quizalofop-P、快伏草(quizalofop-P-ethyl)、quizalofop-P-tefuryl、QYM-201、QYR-301、碸嘧磺隆(rimsulfuron)、殺芬草(saflufenacil)、西殺草(sethoxydim)、環草隆(siduron)、草滅淨(simazine)、西草淨(simetryn)、SL-261、sulcotrion、甲磺草胺(sulfentrazone)、嘧磺隆(sulfometuron)、甲嘧磺隆(sulfometuron-methyl)、磺醯磺隆(sulfosulfuron)、SYN-523、SYP-249,即1-乙氧基-3-甲基-1-側氧基丁-3-烯-2-基5-[2-氯-4-(三氟甲基)苯氧基]-2-硝基苯甲酸酯、SYP-300,即1-[7-氟-3-側氧基-4-(丙-2-炔-1-基)-3,4-二氫-2H-1,4-苯并㗁𠯤-6-基]-3-丙基-2-硫酮基咪唑啶-4,5-二酮、2,3,6-TBA、TCA (三氯乙酸)、TCA-鈉、得匍隆(tebuthiuron)、tefuryltrione、環磺酮(tembotrione)、得殺草(tepraloxydim)、特草定(terbacil)、特草靈(terbucarb)、特丁通(terbumeton)、特丁津(terbuthylazin)、特丁淨(terbutryn)、tetflupyrolimet、欣克草(thenylchlor)、噻草啶(thiazopyr)、thiencarbazone、噻酮磺隆(thiencarbazone-methyl)、thifensulfuron、噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron-methyl)、殺丹(thiobencarb)、tiafenacil、tolpyralate、苯唑草酮(topramezone)、肟草酮(tralkoxydim)、氟酮磺草胺(triafamone)、野麥畏(tri-allate)、醚苯磺隆(triasulfuron)、triaziflam、tribenuron、苯磺隆(tribenuron-methyl)、三氯比(triclopyr)、草達津(trietazine)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron)、三氟啶磺隆鈉鹽、trifludimoxazin、三福林(trifluralin)、triflusulfuron、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron-methyl)、三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)、硫酸脲、萬隆(vernolate)、ZJ-0862,即3,4-二氯-N-{2-[(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)氧基]苯基}苯胺。
該至少一種活性成分較佳選自包含下列殺真菌劑之群組,該殺真菌劑選自包含本案上述類別:(1)呼吸鏈複合物的抑制劑,特別是唑類,(2)呼吸鏈複合物I或II的抑制劑,(3)呼吸鏈複合物的抑制劑,(4)有絲分裂和細胞分裂抑制劑,(6)能夠激發宿主防禦的化合物、(10)脂質與膜合成抑制劑與(15)。
另較佳地,作為殺真菌劑的該至少一種活性成分a)選自包含下列的群組:三氟敏、聯苯吡菌胺、丙硫菌唑、Inpyrfluxam、isoflucypram、氟比來、氟派瑞、Fluoxapiprolin、亞汰尼、得克利。
該至少一種殺昆蟲劑較佳選自包含下列殺昆蟲劑之群組,該殺昆蟲劑選自包含本案上述類別:(2) GABA-閘控性氯通道拮抗劑、(3)鈉通道調節劑/電壓-依賴性鈉通道阻斷劑,(4)菸鹼性乙醯膽鹼受體(nAChR)競爭性活化劑、(23)乙醯基-CoA羧化酶抑制劑、(28)魚尼丁受體調節劑、(30)其他活性成分。
又另較佳地,作為殺昆蟲劑的該至少一種活性成分a)選自包含下列的群組:賜派滅、四唑蟲醯胺、益斯普、益達胺。
最後另較佳地,作為除草劑的該至少一種活性成分a)選自包含氟酮磺草胺的群組。
甚至更佳地,該至少一種活性成分選自包含下列的群組:三氟敏、聯苯吡菌胺、丙硫菌唑、inpyrfluxam、isoflucypram、氟比來、氟派瑞、fluoxapiprolin、亞汰尼、得克利、賜派滅、四唑蟲醯胺、益斯普、益達胺與氟酮磺草胺。
如上所述的所有命名的活性成分可以以游離化合物的形式存在,或假使該等的官能基能夠實現,則以其農業化學活性的鹽的形式存在。
此外,在適用的情況下,應涵蓋內消旋形式以及立體異構物或鏡像異構物,因為該等變化例是熟習此藝者所熟知的,還有多晶型變化例。
若非另有指明,則在本發明中,固體、農化活性化合物a)應理解為意指慣常用於植物處理的所有物質,其熔點高於20℃。擴散劑 (b) :
合適的擴散劑是選自包含下列之群組:磺基琥珀酸金屬鹽和包含1-10個碳原子之支鏈或直鏈醇的單酯與二酯,特別是鹼金屬鹽,更特別是鈉鹽,最特別是二辛基磺基琥珀酸鈉;以及有機矽酮乙氧基化物,例如有機改質聚矽氧烷/三矽氧烷烷氧化物,其具有下列CAS編號27306-78-1、67674-67-3、134180-76-0,譬如Silwet® L77、Silwet® 408、Silwet® 806、BreakThru® S240、BreakThru® S278。
其他合適的擴散劑是具有1至6個EO的乙氧基化二乙炔-二醇,譬如Surfynol® 420和440。
其他合適的擴散劑是醇乙氧基化物,譬如Break-Thru® Vibrant。
較佳的是聚環氧烷烴改質的七甲基三矽氧烷,更佳係選自包含矽氧烷基團的群組:聚(氧基-1,2-乙二基), α-甲基-ω-[3-[1,3,3,3-四甲基-1-[(三甲矽基)氧基]二矽氧烷基]丙基] (CAS編號(27306-78-1)、聚(氧基-1,2-乙二基), α-[3-[1,3,3,3-四甲基-1-[(三甲矽基)氧基]二矽氧烷基]丙基]-ω-羥基(Cas編號67674-67-3)與環氧乙烷, 甲基-, 與環氧乙烷的聚合物, 單3-1,3,3,3-四甲基-1-(三甲矽基)氧基二矽氧烷基丙基醚(Cas編號134180-76-0)。
較佳地,擴散劑係選自包含下列之群組:二辛基磺基琥珀酸鈉、聚環氧烷烴改質的七甲基三矽氧烷和乙氧基化二乙炔-二醇。吸收增強劑 (c)
作為滲透促進劑的油,合適的油是可慣常運用於農化劑中的所有此類物質。較佳為植物、礦物和動物來源的油以及該等油的烷基酯。實例為:
- 葵花油、菜籽油、玉米油、大豆油、米糠油、橄欖油;
- 油酸乙基己酯、棕櫚酸乙基己酯、乙基己基肉荳蔻酸酯/月桂酸酯、月桂酸乙基己酯、乙基己基辛酸酯/癸酸酯、肉荳蔻酸異丙酯、棕櫚酸異丙酯、油酸甲酯、棕櫚酸甲酯、油酸乙酯、菜籽油甲酯、大豆油甲酯、米糠油甲酯,
- Exxsol® D100、Solvesso® 200ND,
- Disflamoll TOF…
吸收增強劑也可以選自下列群組的化合物:
i. 具有2-20個EO單元的乙氧基化支鏈醇(譬如Genapol® X-型);
ii. 包含2-20個EO單元的甲基封端的乙氧基化支鏈醇(譬如Genapol®
XM-型);
iii. 包含2-20個EO單元的乙氧基化椰子醇(譬如Genapol®
C-型);
iv. 包含2-20個EO單元的乙氧基化C12/15醇(譬如Synperonic®
A-型);
v. 支鏈或直鏈的丙氧基-乙氧基化醇,譬如Antarox®
B/848、Atlas®
G5000、Lucramul®
HOT 5902;
vi. 甲基封端的丙氧基-乙氧基化脂肪酸,譬如Leofat®
OC0503M;
vii. 烷基醚檸檬酸鹽界面活性劑(譬如Adsee®
CE系列,Akzo Nobel);
viii. 甘油的乙氧基化單酯或二酯,其包含具有8-18個碳原子的脂肪酸和平均10-40個EO單元(譬如Crovol®
系列);
ix. 包含平均5-40個EO單元的蓖麻油乙氧基化物(譬如Berol®
系列,Emulsogen®
EL系列);
x. 包含2-20個EO單元的乙氧基化油酸(譬如Alkamuls®
A與AP);
xi. 乙氧基化去水山梨醇脂肪酸酯,其包含具有8-18個碳原子的脂肪酸和平均10-50個EO單元(譬如Arlatone®
T, Tween系列)。
根據本發明的較佳的吸收增強劑是參(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯、菜籽油甲酯、乙氧基化椰子醇、乙氧基化支鏈醇、丙氧基-乙氧基化醇和礦物油。耐雨添加劑 (d)
:
合適的耐雨添加劑是丙烯酸基乳液聚合物或聚合物分散液以及苯乙烯基乳液聚合物,或聚合物分散液d)是具有Tg在-100℃至30℃範圍內,較佳介於-60℃與20℃之間,更佳介於-50℃與10℃之間,最佳介於-45℃與5℃之間的水性聚合物分散液,舉例來說,Acronal V215、Acronal 3612、Licomer ADH 205與Atplus FA。特別較佳的是Licomer ADH205、與Atplus FA。
較佳地,該聚合物係選自於由下列所組成之群組:丙烯酸聚合物、苯乙烯聚合物、乙烯基聚合物及其衍生物、聚烯烴、聚胺基甲酸酯和天然聚合物及其衍生物。
更佳地,該聚合物係選自於由下列所組成之群組:丙烯酸聚合物、苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物、苯乙烯-馬來酸酐共聚物、聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、部分水解的聚乙酸乙烯酯、甲基乙烯基醚-馬來酸酐共聚物、羧基改質的聚乙烯醇、乙醯乙醯基改質的聚乙烯醇、二丙酮改質的聚乙烯醇和矽改質的聚乙烯醇、異丙烯-馬來酸酐共聚物、聚胺基甲酸酯、纖維素、明膠、酪蛋白、氧化澱粉、澱粉-乙酸乙烯酯接枝共聚物、羥乙基纖維素、甲基纖維素、乙基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素和乙醯纖維素。
最佳地,該聚合物係選自丙烯酸酯和苯乙烯的共聚物。所述丙烯酸酯係選自包含下列的清單:丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸二級丁酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸、丙烯醯胺、丙烯酸異丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、或其等的組合。所述苯乙烯係選自包含下列的清單:苯乙烯、三級丁基苯乙烯、對甲基苯乙烯、或其等的組合。
在較佳的具體實例中,上述聚合物具有不超過40000、較佳不超過10000的分子量。
在較佳的具體實例中,聚合物D是如WO 2017/202684中所述的乳液聚合物。
玻璃轉化溫度(Tg)對於許多聚合物是已知的,若無另外定義,則在本發明中根據ASTM E1356-08 (2014)藉由差示掃描量熱法測定玻璃化轉化溫度的標準測試方法("Standard Test Method for Assignment of the Glass Transition Temperatures by Differential Scanning Calorimetry")測定,其中在DSC前,樣本先於110℃乾燥一小時,以消除水及/或溶劑的影響,DSC樣本量為10-15 mg,在N2下以20℃/min從-100℃測至100℃,Tg定義為過渡區的中點。其他調配劑 (e)
:
e 1
合適的非離子性界面活性劑或分散助劑e1)是可慣常運用於農化劑中的所有此類物質。較佳為聚環氧乙烷-聚環氧丙烷嵌段共聚物,其較佳具有大於6,000 g/mol的分子量或大於45%的聚環氧乙烷含量,更佳具有大於6,000 g/mol的分子量和大於45%的聚環氧乙烷含量;聚氧伸烷基胺(polyoxyalkyleneamine)衍生物,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,聚乙烯醇與聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的共聚物,以及(甲基)丙烯酸與(甲基)丙烯酸酯的共聚物。在上述例子中,所選定的類別可視情況地被磷酸化、磺化或硫酸鹽化並用鹼中和。
可能的陰離子性界面活性劑d1)是可慣常運用於農化劑中的所有此類物質。烷基磺酸或烷基磷酸以及烷基芳基磺酸或烷基芳基磷酸的鹼金屬鹽、鹼土金屬鹽和銨鹽是較佳的。陰離子性界面活性劑或分散助劑的另外較佳群組是聚苯乙烯磺酸的鹼金屬鹽、鹼土金屬鹽和銨鹽;聚乙烯基磺酸的鹽;烷基萘磺酸的鹽;萘磺酸-甲醛縮合產物的鹽;萘磺酸、酚磺酸和甲醛的縮合產物的鹽;以及木質素磺酸的鹽。
e2
流變劑是一種添加劑,當以降低經分散之活性成分在儲存期間的重力分離的濃度添加到配方中時,會導致在低剪切速率下黏度的顯著增加。就本發明的目的而言,低剪切速率的定義是0.1 s-1
及以下,以及顯著增加定義為大於x2。黏度可藉由旋轉剪切流變儀測量。
合適的流變劑E2)的實例是:
- 多醣,包括黃原膠、瓜爾膠與羥乙基纖維素。實例是Kelzan®
、Rhodopol®
G與23、Satiaxane®
CX911與Natrosol®
250系列,
- 黏土,包括蒙脫石、皂土、海泡石、鎂質膨土、合成鋰皂石、鋰膨潤石。實例為Veegum®
R, Van Gel®
B, Bentone®
34, 38, CT, HC, EW, Pangel®
M100, M200, M300, S, M, W, Attagel®
50, Laponite®
RD,
- 氣相和沉澱二氧化矽,實例為Aerosil®
200、Sipernat®
22。
較佳的是黃原膠、蒙脫石黏土、皂土黏土和氣相二氧化矽。
e3
合適的消泡物質e3)是為此目的而可慣常運用於農化劑中的所有物質。矽油、矽油製劑是較佳的。實例是來自Bluestar Silicones的Silcolapse®
426與432、來自Wacker的Silfoam®
SRE與SC132、來自Silchem的SAF-184®
、來自Basildon Chemical Company Ltd的Foam-Clear ArraPro-S®
、來自Momentive的SAG®
1572與SAG®
30 [二甲基矽氧烷和矽酮,CAS編號63148-62-9]。較佳的是SAG®
1572。
e4
合適的防凍劑是為此目的而可慣常運用於農化劑中的所有物質。合適的實例是丙二醇、乙二醇、尿素和甘油。
e 5
合適的其他調配劑e5)選自殺生物劑、著色劑、pH調節劑、緩衝劑、穩定劑、抗氧化劑、惰性填充材料、保濕劑、晶體生長抑制劑、微量營養素,實例為:
可能的防腐劑是為此目的而可慣常運用於農化劑中的所有物質。防腐劑的合適實例是包含以下製劑:5-氯-2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮[CAS-編號26172-55-4]、2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮[CAS-編號2682-20-4]或1.2-苯并異噻唑-3(2H)-酮[CAS-編號2634-33-5]。可提到的實例是Preventol®
D7 (Lanxess)、Kathon®
CG/ICP (Dow)、Acticide®
SPX (Thor GmbH)與Proxel®
GXL (Arch Chemicals)。
可能的著色劑是為此目的而可慣常運用於農化劑中的所有物質。作為實例,可提到二氧化鈦、炭黑、氧化鋅、藍色顏料、亮藍FCF (Brilliant Blue FCF)、紅色顏料與永久紅FGR (Permanent Red FGR)。
可能的pH調整劑與緩衝劑是為此目的而可慣常運用於農化劑中的所有物質。作為實例,可提到檸檬酸、硫酸、氫氯酸、氫氧化鈉、磷酸氫鈉(Na2
HPO4
)、磷酸二氫鈉(NaH2
PO4
)、磷酸二氫鉀(KH2
PO4
)、磷酸氫鉀(K2
HPO4
)。
合適的穩定劑與抗氧化劑是為此目的而可慣常運用於農化劑中的所有物質。丁基羥基甲苯[3.5-二三級丁基-4-羥基甲苯,CAS-編號128-37-0]是較佳的。
載劑 (f)
是為此目的而可慣常運用於農化調配物中的那些。
載劑是一種固體或液體、天然或合成的、有機或無機的物質,其通常是惰性的而可用作溶劑。載劑通常改善化合物之施用,舉例而言,施用至植物、植物部分或種子。合適的固體載劑
的實例包括但不限於銨鹽,特別是硫酸銨、磷酸銨和硝酸銨、天然岩粉,例如高嶺土、黏土、滑石、白堊、石英、鎂質膨土、蒙脫石和矽藻土、矽膠和合成岩粉,例如細分矽石、氧化鋁和矽酸鹽。用於製備粒劑的典型有用的固體載劑的實例包括但不限於壓碎且分級的天然岩石,例如方解石、大理石、浮石、海泡石、白雲石,無機與有機粉末的合成顆粒,以及有機材料的顆粒,例如紙、木屑、椰子殼、玉米穗軸與煙草莖。
較佳的固體載劑選自黏土、滑石和矽石。
合適的液體載劑的實例包括但不限於水、有機溶劑及其組合。合適的溶劑的實例包括極性和非極性有機化學液體,例如選自下列類別:
- 醇和多元醇(亦可視情況地被取代、醚化及/或酯化,例如乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、苯甲醇、環己醇或乙二醇、2-乙基己醇),
- 醚,例如二辛醚、四氫呋喃、二甲基異山梨醇酯、solketal、環戊基甲醚、由Dow以Dowanol產品系列提供的溶劑,譬如Dowanol DPM、苯甲醚、苯乙醚、不同分子量等級的二甲基聚乙二醇、不同分子量等級的二甲基聚丙二醇、二苄醚,
- 酮(例如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基異丁基酮、環戊酮、環己酮、環庚酮、苯乙酮、苯丙酮),
- 乳酸酯,例如乳酸甲酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸丙酯、乳酸丁酯、乳酸2-乙基己酯,
- (聚)醚,例如不同分子量等級的聚乙二醇、不同分子量等級的聚丙二醇,
- 未經取代及經取代的胺,
- 醯胺(例如二甲基甲醯胺、或N,N-二甲基乳醯胺或N-甲醯基嗎啉、或脂肪酸醯胺,例如N,N-二甲基癸醯胺或N,N-二甲基癸-9-烯-醯胺)及其酯,
- 內醯胺(例如2-吡咯啶酮、或N-烷基吡咯啶酮,例如N-甲基吡咯啶酮、或N-丁基吡咯啶酮、或N-辛基吡咯啶酮、或N-十二烷基吡咯啶酮或N-甲基己內醯胺、N-烷基己內醯胺),
- 內酯(例如γ-丁內酯、γ-戊內酯、δ-戊內酯或α-甲基γ-丁內酯),
- 碸和亞碸(例如二甲亞碸),
- 腈,例如直鏈或環狀烷基腈,特別是乙腈、環己甲腈(cyclohexane carbonitrile)、辛腈、十二腈),
- 直鏈和環狀碳酸酯,例如碳酸二乙酯、碳酸二丙酯、碳酸二丁酯、碳酸二辛酯或碳酸伸乙酯、碳酸伸丙酯、碳酸伸丁酯、碳酸甘油酯。
最佳地,載劑是水。
這些噴灑液體藉由慣常方法施加,即例如藉由噴灑、傾倒或注射,特別是藉由噴灑,最特別地藉由UAV噴灑來施加。
根據本發明的調配物的施用率可在相對廣大的範圍內變動。其係由特定的活性農用化學品及其在調配物的份量來指導。
藉助於根據本發明的調配物,有可能將活性農用化學品以特別有利的方式傳遞至植物及/或其生境。
本發明亦指涉根據本發明的農化組成物用於將所含之農化活性化合物施用至植物及/或其生境的用途。
可以用本發明的調配物處理所有植物與植物部分。植物在此意指所有植物與植物族群,例如所欲與非所欲的野生植物或作物植物(包括天然存在的作物植物)。作物植物可為可藉由傳統育種和優化方法或藉由生物技術和基因工程方法或該等方法之組合獲得的植物,包括基因轉殖植物,並包括能夠或不能受到植物品種權保護的植物品種。植物部分意指植物在地上和地下的所有部分和器官,例如芽、葉、花與根,例示名單涵蓋葉、針葉、莖、樹幹、花、子實體、果實與種子還有根、塊莖與根莖。植物部分亦包括收穫材料及無性與有性繁殖材料。
在本案背景下可強調的是,根據本發明的調配物用於下列時的特別有利效果:穀類植物,例如,舉例來說,小麥、燕麥、大麥、斯卑爾脫小麥、黑小麥和裸麥,還有玉米、高粱和小米、稻米、甘蔗、大豆、向日葵、馬鈴薯、棉花、油菜、芥菜、煙草、甜菜、飼料甜菜、蘆筍、啤酒花和水果植物(包含仁果,例如,舉例來說,蘋果和梨;核果,例如,舉例來說,桃子、油桃、櫻桃、李子和杏子;柑橘類水果,例如,舉例來說,橘子、葡萄柚、萊姆、檸檬、金桔、橙和薩摩蜜柑;堅果,例如,開心果、杏仁、核桃和胡桃;熱帶水果,例如,舉例來說,芒果、木瓜、鳳梨、紅棗和香蕉、以及葡萄)以及蔬菜(包含葉菜類蔬菜,例如,舉例來說,菊苣、野萵苣、佛羅倫斯茴香、萵苣、立生萵苣、紅頭菜、菠菜和歐洲菊苣,沙拉用;捲心菜類,例如,花椰菜、綠花椰、大白菜、羽衣甘藍類(Brassica oleracea (L.) convar. acephala var. sabellica L. (羽衣甘藍(curly kale, feathered cabbage))、結頭菜、球芽甘藍、紫色高麗菜、高麗菜和皺葉甘藍;果實類蔬菜,例如,舉例來說,茄子、小黃瓜、辣椒、南瓜、蕃茄、櫛瓜和甜玉米;根莖類蔬菜,例如,舉例來說,根芹菜、野蕪菁、胡蘿蔔,包括黃色培育品種、黑蘿蔔(Raphanus sativus var. niger)與櫻桃蘿蔔(Raphanus sativus var. radiculavar. radicula)、甜菜根、鴉蔥和芹菜;豆科,例如,舉例來說,豌豆和豆類,以及來自蔥屬的蔬菜,例如韭菜和洋蔥。
根據本發明以本發明的調配物處理植物與植物部分係直接進行或根據慣常處理方法作用在其環境、生境或儲存區域上,舉例來說,藉由浸漬、噴灑、汽化、霧化、散播、塗刷以及在繁殖材料的情況中,尤其是種子的情況中,另外藉由以單一或多層塗佈施用。
比起以相應的習用調配物形式施用時,包含該等活性農用化學品發展出更好的生物活性。葉子表面
在表1a和1b中,顯示了帶紋理和不帶紋理的葉子表面上的水接觸角。
表1a 具有帶紋理葉子的植物
表1b 具有無紋理葉子的植物
植物 | 物種 | 水接觸角° (向軸) |
大麥 | 大麥(Hordeum vulgare ) (var. Montoya) | 143° |
玉米,BBCH-11 | 玉蜀黍(Zea mays ) | 150° |
玉米,BBCH-12 | 玉蜀黍 | 149° |
玉米,BBCH-13/14 | 玉蜀黍 | 148° |
大豆,BBCH-12 | 大豆(Glycine max ) | 149° |
大豆,BBCH-13 | 大豆 | 144° |
稻米 | 稻(Oryza sativa ) | 180° |
小麥,BBCH-12 | 小麥(Triticum aestivum ) | 148° |
藜(fat-hen) | 藜(Chenopodium album ) | 137° |
紫馬唐 | 馬唐(Digitaria sanguinalis ) | 144° |
植物 | 物種 | 水接觸角°(向軸) |
蘋果 | 蘋果(Malus domestica ) | 104° |
番茄 | 番茄(Solanum lycopersicum ) | 106° |
玉米,BBCH-15/16 | 玉蜀黍 | 108° |
玉米,BBCH-17 | 玉蜀黍 | 107° |
玉米,BBCH-18 | 玉蜀黍 | 96° |
玉米,BBCH-19 | 玉蜀黍 | 87° |
苘麻 | 莔麻(Abutilon theophrasti ) | 103° |
反枝莧 | 青見(Amaranthus retroflexus ) | 未測量 |
無紋理的作物的實例包括番茄、辣椒、馬鈴薯、胡蘿蔔、芹菜、甜菜、甜菜根、菠菜、萵苣、豆類、豌豆、苜蓿、蘋果、梨、桃、杏、李子、芒果、酪梨、橄欖、柑橘、橙、檸檬、萊姆、葡萄、無花果、黃瓜、香瓜、西瓜、草莓、覆盆子、藍莓、向日葵、南瓜、大豆(≥ GS 16 (BBCH 16))、玉米(≥ GS 15 (BBCH 15))、棉花。
帶紋理的作物和植物的實例包括大蒜、洋蔥、韭菜、大豆(≤ GS 16 (BBCH 16))、燕麥、小麥、大麥、稻、甘蔗、鳳梨、香蕉、亞麻籽、百合、蘭花、玉米(≤ GS 15 (BBCH 15))、捲心菜、球芽甘藍、綠花椰、花椰菜、裸麥、油菜籽、鬱金香和花生。
無紋理雜草的實例包括莔麻(Abutilon theophrasti
)、薺菜(Capsella bursa-pastoris
)、曼陀羅(Datura stramonium
)、豬殃殃(Galium aparine
)、紫花牽牛(Ipomoea purpurea
)、早苗蓼(Polygonum lapathifolium
)、馬齒莧(Portulaca oleracea
)、歐洲黃菀(Senecio vulgaris
)、刺金午時花(Sida spinosa
)、白芥(Sinapis arvensis
)、龍葵(Solanum nigrum
)、繁縷(Stellaria media
)、東方蒼耳(Xanthium orientale
)、香附(Cyperus rotundus
)與青見(Amaranthus retroflexus
)。
帶紋理雜草的實例包括決明(Cassia obtusifolia
)、藜(Chenopodium album
)、匍匐冰草(Agropyron repens
)、大穗看麥娘(Alopecurus myosuroides
)、Apera spica-venti
、燕麥(Avena fatua
)、車前臂形草(Brachiaria plantaginea
)、歐雀麥(Bromus secalinus
)、狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon
)、馬唐(Digitaria sanguinalis
)、稗(Echinochloa crus-galli
)、洋野黍(Panicum dichotomiflorum
)、早熟禾(Poa annua
)、狗尾草(Setaria faberi
)與強生草(Sorghum halepense
)。
藉由以下實施例來說明本發明。實施例 方法 1 : SC 製備
水懸劑調配物的製備方法是本領域已知的,並可藉由本領域技術人員熟悉的已知方法來製造。以低剪切攪拌製備2%的黃原膠(c)在水中的凝膠和殺生物劑(c)。將活性成分(a)、非離子性和陰離子性分散劑(c)、消泡劑(c)和其他調配劑(c)與水混合形成漿液,首先以高剪切轉子-定子混合機(Ultra-Turrax®
)將粒徑D(v,0.9)減小至大約50微米,然後通過一台或多台珠磨機(Eiger®
250 Mini Motormill)以達到通常為1至15微米的粒徑D(v,0.9)。然後加入添加劑(b)、(c)和(d)及上述所製備的黃原膠,並以低剪切攪拌混合直至均勻。最後,若有需要,可用酸或鹼(e)調整pH。方法 2 : WG 製備
水分散性粒劑調配物的製備方法是本領域已知的,並可藉由本領域技術人員熟悉的已知方法來製造。
舉例來說,為了製造流化床粒劑,首先必須製備水基工業濃縮劑。以低剪切攪拌將所有成分(a、b和c),像是譬如活性成分、界面活性劑、分散劑、結合劑、消泡劑、擴散劑和填料在水中混合,最後在高剪切轉子-定子混合機(Ultra-Turrax®
)中預研磨,以將粒徑D(v,0.9)減小至大約50微米,之後通過一台或多台珠磨機(KDL, Bachofen, Dynomill, Bühler, Drais, Lehmann)以達到通常為1至15微米的粒徑D(v,0.9)。然後將此水基工業濃縮劑在流化床造粒製程中噴霧乾燥,以形成可濕性粒劑(WG)。
粒徑是根據CIPAC (CIPAC =國際農藥協作分析委員會(Collaborative International Pesticides Analytical Council); www.cipac.org) MT 187方法測定。粒徑分佈是藉由雷射繞射測定。將代表性的樣本量在周遭溫度下分散在脫氣水中(樣本自身飽和)、以超音波處理(通常為60 s),然後在來自Malvern Mastersizer系列(Malvern Panalytical)的裝置中測量。使用多元素偵測器於各種角度測量散射的光,並記錄相關數值。藉助於弗勞恩霍夫模型,可由散射數據計算出某些大小等級的比例,並由此計算量加權的粒徑分佈。通常給出d50或d90值=活性成分粒徑(佔總量顆粒的50或90%)。平均粒徑表示d50值。
同樣地,任何其他噴霧製程,像是譬如經典的噴霧乾燥,皆可用作造粒方法。
製造水分散性粒劑的另外技術是例如低壓擠出。將調配物的成分以乾燥形式混合並隨後研磨,譬如使用噴氣研磨以減小粒徑。隨後攪拌此乾燥粉末,同時加水至該混合物中(約10-30 wt%,取決於調配物的組成)。在進一步的步驟中,將該混合物推送通過具有通常介在0.8至1.2 mm之間的模頭尺寸的擠出機(像是圓頂擠出機、雙圓頂擠出機、籃式擠出機、篩磨機或類似裝置),以形成擠出物。在最後步驟中,將擠出物(譬如在流化床乾燥機中)乾燥,以降低粉末的水含量,通常降低至1-3 wt%的殘留水的程度。方法 3 : EC 製備
EC調配物的製備方法是本領域已知的,並可藉由本領域技術人員熟悉的已知方法來製造。一般而言,EC調配物是藉由將活性成分(a)與其餘調配物組分(尤其包括界面活性劑(c)、擴散劑(b)、載劑(d))在裝有攪拌裝置的容器中混合而獲得。在某些情況下,藉由稍微升高溫度(不超過60℃)來幫助溶解或混合。繼續攪拌,直到獲得均勻的混合物。方法 4 : OD 製備
將調配物組分(c)、載劑(d)、活性成分(a)、擴散劑(b)秤入、以高剪切裝置(譬如Ultraturrax或膠體磨機)均質化,隨後在珠磨機(譬如Dispermat SL50,填充80%,1.0-1.25 mm玻璃珠,4000 rpm,循環研磨)中研磨,直到達到<10µ的粒徑。或者,在瓶中混合調配物組分,接著加入約25 vol% 的1.0-1.25 mm玻璃珠。然後將瓶子封閉,夾在攪動器設備(譬如Retsch MM301)中,並在30 Hz下處理數分鐘,直到達到<10µ的粒徑。方法 5 : 覆蓋率
這些實驗使用表1a&1b所示的處於發育階段的溫室植物。臨噴灑實驗前將單葉剪下,放入培養皿中,並在0°(水平)或60°(使得50%的葉子面積可以被噴灑)在兩個尖端處用膠帶固定。小心地搬運葉子,以免損壞蠟質表面。將這些水平取向的葉子a)放入噴灑室,其中經由液壓噴嘴施加噴灑液體,或b)在不接觸葉子表面的情況下,用移液器在上面滴一滴4 µl的噴灑液體。
將少量的UV染料加至噴灑液體中,以便在UV光下觀察噴灑沉積物。染料的濃度經選擇,使其不影響噴灑液體的表面性質,並且不會促進自身擴散。作為膠體懸浮液的Tinopal OB係用於所有可流動的和固體調配物,例如WG、SC、OD和SE。Tinopal CBS-X或Blankophor SOL係用於活性成分經溶解的調配物,例如EC、EW和SL。將Tinopal CBS-X溶於水相中且將Blankophor SOL溶於油相中。
待噴灑液體蒸發後,將葉子放入Camag, Reprostar 3 UV室中,在可見光和366 nm的UV光下拍攝噴灑沉積物的照片。將Canon EOS 700D數位相機連接至UV室並用於獲取葉子圖像。在可見光下拍攝的照片係用於從背景中減去葉子形狀。使用ImageJ軟體來計算a)經噴灑葉子的所施用噴灑的覆蓋率百分比或b)移液液滴的擴散面積,單位為mm2
。方法 6 :殺昆蟲劑溫室試驗
讓選定的作物在溫室條件下在裝有「泥炭土T」的塑膠盆中生長。在適當的作物階段,將植物準備好以供處理,譬如在處理前約2天以目標害蟲侵染(見下表)。
直接以自來水稀釋調配物,並在需要時在桶裝混合物中添加適量的添加劑來製備具有不同劑量活性成分的噴灑溶液。
藉由履帶式噴灑器對葉子上側進行施用,施用量為300 l/ha或10 l/ha。使用的噴嘴:Lechler的TeeJet TP8003E (用於300 l/ha)以及Lechler的652.246連同脈寬模組(PWM) (用於10 l/ha)。對於每一施用的單一劑量,通常同時處理2至5個重複例。
處理後,若有需要,以人工方式侵染植物,並在試驗歷時期間將植物保存在溫室或氣候室中。在不同時間點評估死亡率(一般以%表示)及/或植物保護(譬如與相應對照組相比的進食損害來計算)後,將處理效力分級。僅報告平均值。表 M1 :試驗中使用的害蟲和作物。
作物 | 作物階段 | 侵擾 | 害蟲 | 英文名稱 | 害蟲生命階段 | 試驗目標 |
大豆 | BBCH12,一盆5株植物 | 處理後 | 南方綠椿象 | 綠色臭蟲 | 10x若蟲N2-N3 | 接觸和口服吸收 |
捲心菜 | BBCH12,1-葉期 | 處理前 | 桃蚜 | 青桃蚜 | 混合族群 | 跨層轉移活性 |
讓選定的作物在溫室條件下在裝有「泥炭土T」的塑膠盆中生長。在適當的作物階段,將植物準備好以供處理,譬如在處理前約2天以目標害蟲侵染(表M1)。
直接以自來水稀釋調配物,並在需要時在桶裝混合物中添加適量的添加劑來製備具有不同劑量的活性成分的噴灑溶液。
藉由履帶式噴灑器對葉子上側進行施用,施用量為300 l/ha或10 l/ha。使用的噴嘴:Lechler的TeeJet TP8003E (用於300 l/ha)以及Lechler的652.246連同脈寬模組(PWM) (用於10 l/ha)。對於每一施用的單一劑量,通常同時處理2至5個重複例。
處理後,若有需要,以人工方式侵染植物,並在試驗歷時期間將植物保存在溫室或氣候室中。在不同時間點評估死亡率(一般以%表示)及/或植物保護(譬如與相應對照組相比的進食損害來計算)後,將處理效力分級。僅報告平均值。方法 7 :表皮 (cuticle) 沖刷性
將取自蘋果表皮的圓盤以外表面朝上,以中等黏度矽油的薄層固定在玻璃顯微鏡載玻片上。以微量移液器對其施用0.9 μl的於噴灑稀釋在含5% CIPAC C水的去離子水中稀釋的不同調配物的液滴,並使其乾燥1小時。在配有交叉偏振濾光片的光學透射顯微鏡中檢查各個沉積物,並記錄圖像。將含有表皮和經乾燥調配物液滴的載玻片在溫和流動的去離子水下(在水龍頭出口下方10 cm處的高度,流速約為300 ml/分鐘)放置15 s。使載玻片乾燥,在顯微鏡下再次檢查沉積物,並與原始圖像進行比對。目測估計被沖刷掉的活性成分的量,並以10%的級距記錄。測量三個重複例,並記錄平均值。方法 8 :葉子沖刷性
將蘋果或玉米葉子切片貼附至玻璃顯微鏡載玻片。以微量移液器對其施用0.9 μl的於噴灑稀釋在含5% CIPAC C水與少量螢光追蹤劑(Tinopal OB,微米級水懸液)的去離子水中稀釋的不同調配物的液滴,並使其乾燥1小時。在UV照射(365 nm)下,以數位相機拍攝葉子沉積物。然後,將葉子切片在溫和流動的去離子水下(在水龍頭出口下方10 cm處的高度,流速約為300 ml/分鐘)放置15 s。使葉子切片乾燥,再次拍攝沉積物,並與原始圖像進行比對。在剩餘最多的5例和去除最多的1例之間目測估計被沖刷掉的活性成分的量。重複測量三次或更多次,並記錄平均值。方法 9 :濃懸乳劑 (suspo-emulsion) 的製備
濃懸乳劑調配物的製備方法是本領域已知的,並可藉由本領域技術人員熟悉的已知方法來製造。以低剪切攪拌製備2%的黃原膠在水中的凝膠和殺生物劑(e)。將活性成分螺環菌胺(a)、油(b/c)和抗氧化劑(e)混合,並在高剪切混合下藉由轉子-定子混合機將其添加到包含一部分非離子性分散劑(c)的水性分散液中,直至形成水包油乳液,液滴大小D(v,0.9)通常為1至5微米。將活性成分(a)、剩餘的非離子性和陰離子性分散劑(c/e)和其他剩餘調配劑(c/e)與剩餘的水混合以形成漿液,首先以高剪切轉子-定子混合機混合,以將粒徑D(v,0.9)減小至約50微米,然後通過一台或多台珠磨機,以達到活性成分的生物性能所需的粒徑D(v,0.9),通常為1至15微米。本領域技術人員將理解,此可就不同活性成分而有所異動。加入水包油乳液、聚合物分散液(c/d)和黃原膠,並在低剪切攪拌下混合直至均勻。方法 10 :除草劑溫室試驗的說明
將作物和單子葉與雙子葉有害植物的種子撒在塑膠盆中的砂質壤土中,覆蓋土壤並在溫室中在最佳生長條件下種植。播種後兩到三週,在一至兩葉期處理試驗植物。製備具有不同濃度的試驗除草劑調配物,並使用不同的水施用率噴灑在植物綠色部分的表面上:200 I/ha作為標準習用施用率,10 l/ha作為超低量(ULV)施用率。用於所有施用的噴嘴類型是TeeJet DG 95015 EVS。藉由使用接附至噴嘴和履帶式噴灑器裝置上的脈寬調節(PWM)系統來達成ULV施用率。施用後,試驗植物在最佳生長條件下在溫室中靜置3至4週。然後,對除草劑調配物的活性進行目測評分(舉例來說:100%活性=整株植物材料死亡,0%活性=植物與未經處理的對照組植物相似)。
表M2:試驗中使用的植物物種。
方法 11 :殺真菌劑溫室試驗的說明
植物物種 | 縮寫 /EPPO 代碼 | 作物品種 |
狗尾草(Setaria viridis ) | SETVI | |
稗 | ECHCG | |
大穗看麥娘 | ALOMY | |
大麥(Hordeum murinum ) | HORMU | |
燕麥 | AVEFA | |
澳洲黑麥草(Lolium rigidum ) | LOLRI | |
母菊(Matricaria inodora ) | MATIN | |
阿拉伯婆婆納(Veronica persica ) | VERPE | |
莔麻 | ABUTH | |
圓葉牽牛(Pharbitis purpurea ) | PHBPU | |
卷莖蓼(Polygonum convolvulus ) | POLCO | |
青見 | AMARE | |
繁縷 | STEME | |
玉蜀黍 | ZEAMA | Aventura |
小麥 | TRZAS | Triso |
西洋油菜(Brassica napus ) | BRSNW | Fontan |
將種子鋪在塑膠盆中的「泥炭土T」中,用土壤覆蓋並在溫室中在最佳生長條件下種植。播種後兩到三週,在一至兩葉期處理試驗植物。製備具有不同濃度的試驗殺真菌劑調配物,並使用不同的水施用率噴灑在植物的表面上:200 l/ha作為標準習用施用率,10 l/ha作為超低量(ULV)施用率。用於所有施用的噴嘴類型是TeeJet TP 8003E,以0.7-1.5巴與距植物水平500-600 mm高使用。穀類以45°角投放,因為此最佳反映穀類在田間的噴灑條件。藉由使用接附至噴嘴和履帶式噴灑器裝置上的脈寬調節(PWM)系統,於30Hz,開度8%-100% (10 l/ha-200 l/ha噴灑量)來實現ULV施用率。
在保護性處理中,在噴灑施用的1天後,使試驗植物接種個別的病害,並在溫室中在最佳生長條件下靜置1至2週。然後,目視評估殺真菌劑調配物的活性。
在治療性條件下,首先將試驗植物接種病害,並在2天後以殺真菌劑調配物處理。在施用調配物5天後,以目視評估病害。
接種實務對於熟習此藝者來說是眾所周知的。
表M3:試驗中使用的病害和作物。
方法 12 :表皮滲透試驗
植物物種 | 作物品種 | 病害 | 英文名稱 | 縮寫 /EPPO 代碼病害 |
大豆 | Merlin | 大豆銹菌(Phakopsora pachyrhizi ) | 大豆銹病 | PHAKPA |
小麥 | Monopol | 小麥赤銹菌(Puccinia triticina ) | 赤銹病 | PUCCRT |
大麥 | Gaulois | 大麥網紋病菌(Pyrenophora teres ) | 網斑病 | PYRNTE |
大麥 | Villa | 禾本科布氏白粉菌(Blumeria graminis ) | 白粉病 | ERYSGH |
番茄 | Rentita | 番茄晚疫病菌(Phytophtora infestans ) | 晚疫病 | PHYTIN |
表皮滲透試驗是最初由Schönherr 與Baur (Schönherr, J., Baur, P. (1996), Effects of temperature, surfactants and other adjuvants on rates of uptake of organic compounds. In: The plant cuticle - an integrated functional approach, 134-155. Kerstiens, G. (ed.), BIOS Scientific publisher, Oxford)描述的試驗方法SOFU(葉面吸收的模擬)的進一步發展的改編版本;其非常適用於調配物、佐劑和溶劑對農用化學品滲透的影響的系統性與機制性研究。
如Schönherr與Riederer所述(Schönherr, J., Riederer, M. (1986), Plant cuticles sorb lipophilic compounds during enzymatic isolation. Plant Cell Environ. 9, 459-466),從生長在果園中的樹木的葉子中單離出蘋果葉子的表皮。只獲取缺少氣孔的上側葉表面的無氣孔表皮膜。從葉子上打出直徑為18 mm的圓盤,並用果膠酶和纖維素酶的酶解溶液浸潤。從經浸提的葉子細胞液中分離出表皮膜,用水輕輕洗滌清潔並乾燥。儲存約四週後,表皮的滲透達到恆定水平,表皮膜即可用於滲透試驗。
將表皮膜施加至擴散容器。正確的取向是重要的:表皮的內表面應面向擴散容器的內側。在噴灑室中對表皮的外表面施加噴灑。迴轉擴散容器並小心地填滿受體溶液。將緩衝至pH 5.5的水性混合物用作受體介質,以模擬在表皮內表面處作為天然脫附介質的質外體。
將裝有受體和攪拌器的擴散容器轉移到控溫的不銹鋼塊中,其不僅可確保良好限定的溫度,而且可確保帶有噴灑沉積物的表皮表面的恆定濕度。實驗開始時的溫度為25℃或30℃,並在施用後24 h在恆定60%的相對濕度下變成35℃。
自動取樣器每隔一段時間取出受體的等分試樣,並藉由HPLC (DAD或MS)測定活性成分的含量。最後處理所有數據點以獲得滲透動能。因為表皮的滲透屏障變化很大,所以對各個滲透動能進行了五至十次重複。材料
表MAT1: 較佳的超級擴散化合物(b)的例示商品名和CAS編號
表MAT2:較佳的吸收增強化合物(b)的例示商品名和CAS-編號
表MAT3:較佳的減少沖刷材料(d)的例示商品名
表MAT4:較佳化合物(e)的例示商品名和CAS-編號
表I1 用於殺昆蟲劑實施例的較佳化合物(e)的例示商品名和CAS-編號
表MAT5: 較佳化合物(e)的例示商品名和CAS-編號
殺真菌劑實施例 實施例 FN1 :
三氟敏20 SC
表FN1:三氟敏20 SC配方FN1、FN2和FN3
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。溫室
表FN2:對PHAKPA/大豆的生物效力
方法11:大豆,1天預防,侵染後7天評價
產品 | 化學名稱 | CAS 編號 | 供應商 |
Geropon® DOS-PG | 磺基琥珀酸二辛酯鈉鹽(65-70%,於丙二醇中) | 577-11-7 | Rhodia |
Synergen® W 10 | 磺基琥珀酸二辛酯鈉鹽(65-70%,於丙二醇中) | 577-11-7 | Clariant |
Aerosol® OT 70 PG | 磺基琥珀酸二辛酯鈉鹽(65-70%,於丙二醇中) | 577-11-7 | Cytec |
Lankropol KPH70 | 磺基琥珀酸二辛酯鈉鹽(65-70%,於丙二醇中) | 577-11-7 | Nouryon |
Enviomet EM 5669 | 磺基琥珀酸二辛酯鈉鹽(65-70%,於丙二醇中) | 577-11-7 | Innospec |
Surfynol® S420 | 2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇乙氧基化物(1莫耳) | 9014-85-1 | Evonik |
Surfynol® S440 | 2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇乙氧基化物(3.5莫耳) | 9014-85-1 | Evonik |
Surfynol® S465 | 2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇乙氧基化物(10莫耳) | 9014-85-1 | Evonik |
Surfynol® S485 | 2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇乙氧基化物(30莫耳) | 9014-85-1 | Evonik |
Break-Thru® Vibrant | 未揭露 | Evonik | |
Genapol® EP 0244 | C10-12醇烷氧基化物(PO+EO) | Clariant | |
Synergen® W06 | C11醇烷氧基化物(PO+EO) | Clariant | |
Genapol® EP 2584 | C12-15醇烷氧基化物(PO+EO) | Clariant | |
Agnique® PG8107 | 寡聚D-葡萄哌喃糖癸基辛基醣苷 | 68515-73-1 | BASF |
Silwet® L77 | 3-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)丙基-甲基-雙(三甲矽基氧基)矽烷 | 27306-78-1 | Momentive |
Silwet® 408 | 2-[3-[[二甲基(三甲矽基氧基)矽基]氧基-甲基-三甲矽基氧基矽基]丙氧基]乙醇 | 67674-67-3 | Momentive |
Silwet® 806 | 3-[甲基-雙(三甲矽基氧基)矽基]丙-1-醇;2-甲基環氧乙烷;環氧乙烷 | 134180-76-0 | Momentive |
Break-thru® S240 | 3-[甲基-雙(三甲矽基氧基)矽基]丙-1-醇;2-甲基環氧乙烷;環氧乙烷 | 134180-76-0 | Evonik |
Break-thru® S278 | 3-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)丙基-甲基-雙(三甲矽基氧基)矽烷 | 27306-78-1 | Evonik |
Silwet® HS 312 | |||
Silwet® HS 604 | |||
BreakThru® OE 444 | 矽氧烷和矽酮,鯨蠟基Me,二-Me | 191044-49-2 | Evonik |
產品 | 化學名稱 | CAS 編號 | 供應商 |
Emulsogen® EL 400 | 具有40個EO的乙氧基化蓖麻油 | 61791-12-6 | Clariant |
ETOCAS® 10 | 具有10個EO的乙氧基化蓖麻油 | 61791-12-6 | Croda |
Crovol® CR70G | 脂肪和甘油酯油(glyceridic oil),植物性,乙氧基化 | 70377-91-2 | Croda |
Synperonic® A3 | 醇乙氧基化物(C12/C15-EO3) | 68131-39-5 | Croda |
Synperonic® A7 | 醇乙氧基化物(C12/C15-EO7) | 68131-39-5 | Croda |
Genapol® X060 | 醇乙氧基化物(異-C13-EO6) | 9043-30-5 | Clariant |
Alkamuls® A | 油酸,乙氧基化 | 9004-96-0 | Solvay |
Lucramul® HOT 5902 | 醇乙氧基化物-丙氧基化物(C8-PO8/EO6) | 64366-70-7 | Levaco |
Antarox B/848 | 丁基醇丙氧基化物/乙氧基化物 | 9038-95-3 | Solvay |
Tween® 80 | 單油酸去水山梨醇酯,乙氧基化(20EO) | 9005-65-6 | Croda |
Tween® 85 | 三油酸去水山梨醇酯,乙氧基化(20EO) | 9005-70-3 | Croda |
Tween® 20 | 單月桂酸去水山梨醇酯,乙氧基化(20EO) | 9005-64-5 | Croda |
葵花油 | 來自不同C14-C18脂肪酸,主要為不飽和脂肪酸的甘油三酸酯 | 8001-21-6 | |
菜籽油 | 來自不同C14-C18脂肪酸,主要為不飽和脂肪酸的甘油三酸酯 | 8002-13-9 | |
玉米油 | 來自不同C14-C18脂肪酸,主要為不飽和脂肪酸的甘油三酸酯 | 8001-30-7 | |
大豆油 | 來自不同C14-C18脂肪酸,主要為不飽和脂肪酸的甘油三酸酯 | 8001-22-7 | |
米糠油 | 來自不同C14-C18脂肪酸,主要為不飽和脂肪酸的甘油三酸酯 | 68553-81-1 | |
Radia® 7129 Crodamol® OP | 棕櫚酸乙基己酯 | 29806-73-3 | Oleon NV, BE Croda, UK |
Radia® 7331 | 油酸乙基己酯 | 26399-02-0 | Oleon NV, BE |
Radia® 7128 | 乙基己基肉荳蔻酸酯/月桂酸酯C12/C14 | 29806-75-5 | Oleon NV, BE |
Radia® 7127 | 月桂酸乙基己酯 | 20292-08-4 | Oleon NV, BE |
Radia® 7126 | 乙基己基辛酸酯/癸酸酯C8/10 | 63321-70-0 | Oleon NV, BE |
Estol® 1514 | 肉荳蔻酸異丙酯 | 110-27-0 | Croda |
Radia® 7104 | 辛酸、癸酸三甘油酯,中性植物油 | 73398-61-5. 65381-09-1 | Oleon NV, BE |
Radia® 7732 Crodamol® IPM | 棕櫚酸異丙酯 | 142-91-6 | Oleon NV, BE Croda, UK |
Radia® 7060 | 油酸甲酯 | 112-62-9 | Oleon NV, BE |
Radia® 7120 | 棕櫚酸甲酯 | 112-39-0 | Oleon NV, BE |
Crodamol® EO | 油酸乙酯 | 111-62-6 | Croda |
AGNIQUE ME® 18 RD-F, Edenor® MESU | 菜籽油甲酯 | 67762-38-3. 85586-25-0 | Clariant BASF |
Miglyol 812 N | 甘油三酸酯 | 73398-61-5 | ??? |
Exxsol® D100 | 加氫處理的輕質餾出物(石油) | 64742-47-8 | Exxon Mobil |
Solvesso® 200ND | 溶劑石腦油(石油),重芳烴,貧萘 | 64742-94-5 | ExxonMobil |
Kristol® M14 Marcol® 82 Ondina® 917 | 白色礦物油(石油),C14-C30支鏈和直鏈 | 8042-47-5 | Carless ExxonMobil Shell |
Exxsol®D130 Banole® 50 | 白色礦物油(石油) | 64742-46-7 | ExxonMobil總計 |
Genera®-12 | 白色礦物油(石油) | 72623-86-0 | 總計 |
Genera®-9 | 白色礦物油(石油) | 97862-82-3 | 總計 |
產品 | 化學名稱 | Tg | MFFT | 供應商 |
Atplus® FA | 水性苯乙烯丙烯酸系共聚物乳液分散液 | <30℃ | Croda | |
Acronal® V215 Acronal® V115 Acronal® A245 Acronal® A240 Acronal® A225 Acronal® A145 | 含羧基的水性丙烯酸系共聚物分散液 | - 43℃ - 58℃ - 45℃ - 30℃ - 45℃ - 45℃ | BASF | |
Acronal® 500 D Acronal® S 201 | 水性丙烯酸系共聚物分散液 | - 13℃ - 25℃ | BASF | |
Acronal® DS 3618 Acronal® 3612 Acronal® V 212 Acronal® DS 3502 Acronal® S 400 | 水性丙烯酸酯共聚物分散液 | - 40℃ + 12℃ - 40℃ + 4℃ - 8℃ | BASF | |
Licomer® ADH205 Licomer® ADH203 | 含羧基的水性丙烯酸酯共聚物分散液 | <30℃ | Michelman | |
Primal® CM-160 Primal® CM-330 | 水性丙烯酸系共聚物乳液聚合物 | DOW | ||
Axilat® UltraGreen 5500 | 水性丙烯酸系乳液聚合物 | -15℃ | 0℃ | Synthomer |
Povol® 26/88 | 聚乙烯醇 | Kuraray |
產品 | 化學名稱 | CAS編號 | 供應商 |
Lucramul PS 29 | 聚(氧基-1,2-乙二基),α-、苯基-、ω-、羥基-、苯乙烯化 | 104376-75-2 | Levaco |
Atlox® 4913 | 甲基丙烯酸甲酯與聚乙二醇的接枝共聚物 | 119724-54-8 | Croda |
Morwet IP | 萘磺酸,雙(1-甲基乙基)-,Me衍生,鈉鹽 | 68909-82-0 | Akzo Nobel |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | 聚環氧乙烷和聚環氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物 | 9003-11-6 | Croda |
Morwet D425 | 萘磺酸鈉甲醛縮合物 | 577773-56-9 68425-94-5 9008-63-3 | Akzo Nobel, Nouryon |
ATLAS® G 5000 | 環氧乙烷,甲基-,與環氧乙烷的聚合物,單丁醚 | 9038-95-3 | Croda |
甘油 | 56-81-5 | ||
丙二醇 | 1,2-丙二醇 | 57-55-6 | |
RHODOPOL® 23 | 多醣 | 11138-66-2 | Solvay |
Sipernat 22 S | 合成無定形矽石(二氧化矽) | 112926-00-8 7631-86-9 | Evonik |
Veegum R | 膨潤石群礦物 | 12199-37-0 | |
SILCOLAPSE® 426R | 聚二甲基矽氧烷和矽石 | 9016-00-6 | BLUESTAR SILICONES |
SAG® 1572 | 二甲基矽氧烷和矽酮 | 63148-62-9 | Momentive |
檸檬酸 | 77-92-9(無水);5949-29-1(單水合物) | ||
Proxel® GXL | 1.2-苯并異噻唑-3(2H)-酮 | 2634-33-5 | Arch Chemicals |
Kathon® CG/ICP | 5-氯-2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮加2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮 | 26172-55-4加上 2682-20-4 | Dow |
產品 | 化學名稱 | CAS編號 | 供應商 |
Morwet® D425 | 萘磺酸鹽甲醛縮合物鈉鹽 | 9008-63-3 | New XX |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | 聚環氧乙烷和聚環氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物 | 9003-11-6 | Croda |
Synperonic® A7 | 醇乙氧基化物(C12/C15-EO7) | 68131-39-5 | Croda |
黃原膠 | 多醣 | 11138-66-2 | |
Proxel® GXL | 1.2-苯并異噻唑-3(2H)-酮 | 2634-33-5 | Arch Chemicals |
Kathon® CG/ICP | 5-氯-2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮加2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮 | 26172-55-4 加上 2682-20-4 | Dow |
丙二醇 | 1,2-丙二醇 | 57-55-6 | |
SAG® 1572 | 二甲基矽氧烷和矽酮 | 63148-62-9 | Momentive |
Atlox® 4913 | 甲基丙烯酸甲酯與聚乙二醇的接枝共聚物 | 119724-54-8 | Croda |
ATLAS® G 5000 | 環氧乙烷,甲基-,與環氧乙烷的聚合物,單丁醚 | 9038-95-3 | Croda |
SILCOLAPSE® 454 | 聚二甲基矽氧烷和矽石 | 9016-00-6 | BLUESTAR SILICONES |
RHODOPOL® 23 | 多醣 | 11138-66-2 | Solvay |
ACTICIDE® MBS | 2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮(MIT)和1,2-苯并異噻唑啉-3-酮(BIT)在水中混合物 | 2682-20-4 2634-33-5 | Thor GmbH |
Sokalan® K 30 | 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 | 9003-39-8 | BASF |
Supragil® WP | 萘磺酸二異丙鈉 | 1322-93-6 | Solvay |
Morwet® D-425 | 萘磺酸鈉甲醛縮合物 | 577773-56-9 68425-94-5 9008-63-3 | Akzo Nobel, Nouryon |
Soprophor® 4 D 384 | 三苯乙烯基苯酚乙氧基化物硫酸酯(16 EO)銨鹽 | 119432-41-6 | Solvay |
Rhodorsil® Antim EP 6703 | 吸收型聚二甲基矽氧烷消泡劑 | 未知 | Solvay |
Kaolin Tec 1 | 氫矽酸鋁 | 1318-74-7 1332-58-7 | Ziegler & Co. GmbH |
Sipernat® 22 S | 合成無定形矽石(二氧化矽) | 112926-00-8 7631-86-9 | Evonik |
RHODACAL® 60 BE | 在2-乙基己醇中的十二烷基苯磺酸鈣 | 26264-06-2 104-76-7 | Solvay |
Emulsogen® EL 400 | 具有40個EO的乙氧基化蓖麻油 | 61791-12-6 | Clariant |
Solvesso® 200ND | 芳香烴(C9-C11)的混合物,貧萘 | 64742-94-5 | ExxonMobil |
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN1 | 根據本發明的配方 FN2 | 配方 FN3 參考 | |
三氟敏 | (a) | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Silwet® 806 | (b) | 0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
Lucramol® Hot 5902 | (c) | 0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Licomer® ADH205 | (d) | 0 | 20.0 | 0.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
丙二醇 | (e) | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~913) | 加至定量(~733) | 加至定量(~753) |
噴灑量 l/ha | SC 施用率 l/ha | a.i. 率 g/ha | 參考配方 FN1 效力[%] | 根據本發明的配方 FN2 效力[%] |
200 | 0.25 | 5 | 56 | 72 |
200 | 0.05 | 1 | 17 | 0 |
10 | 0.25 | 5 | 14 | 66 |
10 | 0.05 | 1 | 0 | 29 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN2例示在10 l/ha的噴灑量下顯示出比200 l/ha更高的效力。此外,配方FN2在200 l/ha和10 l/ha的噴灑量下皆顯示出比參考配方FN1更高的效力。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表FN3:在無紋理的蘋果葉與有紋理的大豆葉子和稻葉上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.25 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 沉積物面積mm^2 稻 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN1 – 10 l/ha | 4.14 | 1.68 | 1.75 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN1 – 200 l/ha | 3.26 | 1.69 | 2.04 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN2 – 10 l/ha | 10.43 | 293.2 | 154.1 | 15 | 0.15 |
根據本發明的配方FN2 – 200 l/ha | 10.08 | 31.16 | 14.10 | 15 | 0.0075 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN2例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下,比在200 L/ha下,在帶紋理的葉子上顯示出明顯較大的沉積物大小,與參考配方FN1相比也是。葉子沖刷性數據。
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表FN4:表FN1中的配方於蘋果和玉米葉子上的沖刷性
調配物以0.25 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在蘋果葉上餘留的沉積物量 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方FN3 – 10 l/ha | ++ | + |
非根據本發明的配方FN3 – 200 l/ha | ++++ | +++ |
根據本發明的配方FN2 – 10 l/ha | +++ | ++ |
根據本發明的配方FN2 – 200 l/ha | ++++ | ++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN2例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方FN3顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。
這三組結果顯示,相較於該些參考配方,本發明的配方例示在低噴灑量下展示出改良的生物效力、在作物上的改良擴散以及改良的耐沖刷性。實施例 FN2 :
三氟敏50 SC
表FN5:三氟敏50 SC配方FN4、FN5和FN6
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN4 | 根據本發明的配方 FN5 | 根據本發明的配方 FN6 | |
三氟敏 | (a) | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Atlox® 4913 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Silwet® 408 | (b) | 0 | 40.0 | 0 |
Lucramol® Hot 5902 | (c) | 0 | 40.0 | 0 |
Break-Thru® Vibrant | (b) | 0 | 0 | 40.0 |
Crovol® CR70G | (c) | 0 | 0 | 60.0 |
Atplus® FA | (d) | 0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
甘油 | (e) | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~856) | 加至定量(~756) | 加至定量(~736) |
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表FN6:在無紋理的蘋果葉與有紋理的大豆葉子和稻葉上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量
調配物以1.0 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 沉積物面積mm^2 稻 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN4 – 10 l/ha | 5.81 | 3.37 | 3.04 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN4 – 200 l/ha | 5.13 | 2.43 | 1.91 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN5 – 10 l/ha | 53.19 | 182.6 | 151.7 | 40 | 0.4 |
根據本發明的配方FN5 – 200 l/ha | 21.49 | 52.79 | 40.27 | 40 | 0.02 |
根據本發明的配方FN6 – 10 l/ha | 9.47 | 34.86 | 88.81 | 40 | 0.4 |
根據本發明的配方FN6 – 200 l/ha | 4.91 | 3.96 | 9.04 | 40 | 0.02 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN5與FN6例示在帶紋理的葉子上在10 L/ha的噴灑量下顯示出明顯更大的沉積物大小,與200 L/ha下的參考配方FN4相比也是。帶紋理的葉子表面比無紋理的葉子表面的擴散效果大。葉子沖刷性數據 .
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表FN7:表FN5中的配方於蘋果和玉米葉子上的沖刷性
調配物以1.0 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在蘋果葉上餘留的沉積物量 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方FN4 – 10 l/ha | +++ | +++ |
非根據本發明的配方FN4 – 200 l/ha | ++++ | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN5 – 10 l/ha | ++++ | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN5 – 200 l/ha | +++++ | +++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN6 – 10 l/ha | ++++ | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN6 – 200 l/ha | +++++ | ++++ |
結果顯示,相較於無任何可增強沖刷性的額外潤濕與擴散添加劑且無任何吸收增強佐劑的參考配方FN4,本發明的配方FN5和FN6例示,即便其含有可增強沖刷性的額外潤濕劑,在10 L/ha的噴灑量下也顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 FN3 :
聯苯吡菌胺50 SC
表FN8:聯苯吡菌胺50 SC配方FN7、FN8和FN9
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。溫室
表FN9:對PHAKPA/大豆的生物效力
方法:11大豆,1天預防,侵染後7天評價
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN7 | 根據本發明的配方 FN8 | 根據本發明的配方 FN9 | |
聯苯吡菌胺 | (a) | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Atlox® 4913 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Silwet® 408 | (b) | 0.0 | 40.0 | 0.0 |
Lucramol® Hot 5902 | (c) | 0.0 | 40.0 | 0.0 |
Break-Thru® Vibrant | (b) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 40.0 |
Crovol® CR70G | (c) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 60.0 |
Atplus® FA | (d) | 0.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
甘油 | (e) | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~856) | 加至定量(~756) | 加至定量(~736) |
噴灑量 l/ha | SC 施用率 l/ha | a.i. 率 g/ha | 參考配方 FN7 效力 [%] | 參考配方 FN8 效力 [%] | 根據本發明的配方 FN9 效力 [%] |
200 | 0.5 | 25 | 30 | 45 | 88 |
200 | 0.25 | 12.5 | 40 | 20 | 80 |
15 | 0.5 | 5 | 35 | 84 | 96 |
15 | 0.25 | 1 | 29 | 58 | 83 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN8與FN9例示在15 l/ha的噴灑量下皆顯示出比在200 l/ha下更高的效力。此外,配方FN8與FN9在200 l/ha和15 l/ha的噴灑量下皆顯示出比參考配方FN7更高的效力。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表FN10:在無紋理的蘋果葉與有紋理的大豆葉子和稻葉上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 沉積物面積mm^2 稻 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN7 – 10 l/ha | 4.60 | 2.36 | 1.65 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN7 – 200 l/ha | 4.71 | 2.99 | 2.88 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN8 – 10 l/ha | 43.75 | 150.0 | 144.3 | 40 | 0.4 |
根據本發明的配方FN8 – 200 l/ha | 11.63 | 16.66 | 17.27 | 40 | 0.02 |
根據本發明的配方FN9 – 10 l/ha | 8.93 | 11.55 | 82.00 | 40 | 0.4 |
根據本發明的配方FN9 – 200 l/ha | 6.97 | 4.67 | 4.86 | 40 | 0.02 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN8與FN9例示,在帶紋理的葉子上,在10 L/ha的噴灑量下比在200 L/ha下顯示出明顯更大的沉積物大小,與參考配方FN7相比也是。帶紋理的葉子表面比無紋理的葉子表面的擴散效果大。葉子沖刷性數據 .
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表FN11:表FN8中的配方於蘋果和玉米葉子上的沖刷性
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方FN7 – 10 l/ha | ++ |
非根據本發明的配方FN7 – 200 l/ha | +++ |
根據本發明的配方FN8 – 10 l/ha | +++ |
根據本發明的配方FN8 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN9 – 10 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN9 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
結果顯示,相較於無任何可增強沖刷性的額外潤濕與擴散添加劑且無任何吸收增強佐劑的參考配方FN7,本發明的配方FN8和FN9例示,即便含有可增強沖刷性的額外潤濕劑,在10 L/ha的噴灑量下也顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。
這些結果表明,當以低噴灑量施用時,高擴散調配劑(b)、吸收增強佐劑(c)和耐雨添加劑(d)的組合可提供根據本發明的配方增加的擴散和覆蓋率、改良的生物效力並減少由於降雨的沖刷。實施例 FN4 :
丙硫菌唑20 SC
表FN12:丙硫菌唑20 SC配方FN10和FN11
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。溫室
表FN13:對PHAPA/大豆的生物效力
方法11:大豆,1天預防,侵染後7天評價。
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN10 | 根據本發明的配方 FN11 | |
丙硫菌唑 | (a) | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 2.0 | 2.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Silwet® 806 | (b) | 0.0 | 45.0 |
Synperonic® A7 | (c) | 0.0 | 80.0 |
Licomer® ADH205 | (d) | 0.0 | 30.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.0 | 3.0 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 |
丙二醇 | (e) | 60.0 | 60.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 2.0 | 5.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~913) | 加至定量(~755) |
噴灑量 l/ha | SC 施用率 l/ha | a.i. 率 g/ha | 參考配方 FN10 效力 [ % ] | 根據本發明的配方 FN11 效力 [ % ] |
200 | 0.05 | 1 | 37 | 62 |
200 | 0.025 | 0.5 | 19 | 56 |
15 | 0.05 | 1 | 41 | 39 |
15 | 0.025 | 0.5 | 18 | 65 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN11例示在15 l/ha的噴灑量下比參考配方FN10在15 l/ha與200 l/ha下二者皆顯示出較高的效力,效力與配方FN11在200 l/ha下的相當。實施例 FN5 :
丙硫菌唑50 SC
表FN14:丙硫菌唑50 SC配方FN12、FN13和FN14
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN12 | 根據本發明的配方 FN13 | 根據本發明的配方 FN14 | |
丙硫菌唑 | (a) | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Atlox® 4913 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Silwet® 408 | (b) | 0.0 | 40.0 | 0.0 |
Lucramol® Hot 5902 | (c) | 0.0 | 40.0 | 0.0 |
Break-Thru® Vibrant | (b) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 40.0 |
Crovol® CR70G | (c) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 60.0 |
Atplus® FA | (d) | 0.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
甘油 | (e) | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~856) | 加至定量(~756) | 加至定量(~736) |
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表FN15:在無紋理的蘋果與有紋理的大豆和稻米的葉子上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。實施例 FN6 :
Isoflucypram 50 SC
表FN16:Isoflucypram 50 SC配方FN15、FN16和FN17
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 沉積物面積mm^2 稻 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN12 – 10 l/ha | 5.00 | 2.10 | 2.16 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN12 – 200 l/ha | 3.55 | 1.79 | 1.92 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN13 – 10 l/ha | 12.65 | 173.0 | 170.6 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方FN13 – 200 l/ha | 10.97 | 20.37 | 31.99 | 20 | 0.01 |
根據本發明的配方FN14 – 10 l/ha | 7.14 | 5.64 | 70.85 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方FN14 – 200 l/ha | 6.58 | 2.58 | 5.18 | 20 | 0.01 |
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN15 | 根據本發明的配方 FN16 | 根據本發明的配方 FN17 | |
isoflucypram | (a) | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Atlox® 4913 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Silwet® 408 | (b) | 0 | 40.0 | 0 |
Lucramol® Hot 5902 | (c) | 0 | 40.0 | 0 |
Break-Thru® Vibrant | (b) | 0 | 0 | 40.0 |
Crovol® CR70G | (c) | 0 | 0 | 60.0 |
Atplus® FA | (d) | 0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
甘油 | (e) | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~856) | 加至定量(~756) | 加至定量(~736) |
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表FN17:在無紋理的蘋果與有紋理的大豆葉子和稻葉上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 沉積物面積mm^2 稻 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN15 – 10 l/ha | 5.12 | 2.24 | 1.82 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN15 – 200 l/ha | 4.69 | 2.04 | 3.15 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN16 – 10 l/ha | 63.68 | 274.5 | 149.7 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方FN16 – 200 l/ha | 12.45 | 26.33 | 21.79 | 20 | 0.01 |
根據本發明的配方FN17 – 10 l/ha | 5.92 | 4.50 | 35.28 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方FN17 – 200 l/ha | 5.31 | 2.77 | 5.54 | 20 | 0.01 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN16例示在無紋理及帶紋理的葉子表面二者上在10 L/ha的噴灑量比在200 L/ha下皆顯示出更大的沉積物大小,與參考配方FN15相比也是。本發明的配方FN17例示在10 l/ha下對於帶紋理的稻葉顯示出更大的沉積物大小。葉子沖刷性數據
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表FN18:表FN16中的配方於玉米葉子上的沖刷性
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方FN15 – 10 l/ha | +++ |
非根據本發明的配方FN15 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN16 – 10 l/ha | +++ |
根據本發明的配方FN16 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN17 – 10 l/ha | +++ |
根據本發明的配方FN17 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
結果顯示,與無任何可增強沖刷性的額外潤濕與擴散添加劑且無任何吸收增強佐劑的參考配方FN15相比,本發明的配方FN16和FN17例示,即便含有可增強沖刷性的額外潤濕劑,在10 l/ha的噴灑量下也顯示出同等量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 FN7 :
Isoflucypram 50 SC
表FN19:Isoflucypram 50 SC配方FN18、FN19和FN20
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN18 | 根據本發明的配方 FN19 | 參考配方 FN20 | |
isoflucypram | (a) | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Soprophor® FLK | (e) | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Break-Thru® Vibrant | (b) | 0.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
Crovol® CR70G | (c) | 0.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
Atplus® FA | (d) | 0.0 | 60.0 | 0.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
丙二醇 | (e) | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~896) | 加至定量(~676) | 加至定量(~736) |
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表FN20:在無紋理的蘋果葉與有紋理的大豆葉子和稻葉上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 沉積物面積mm^2 稻 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN18 – 10 l/ha | 5.12 | 2.45 | 1.14 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN18 – 200 l/ha | 5.50 | 2.84 | 1.79 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN19 – 10 l/ha | 7.23 | 18.2 | 116.0 | 40 | 0.4 |
根據本發明的配方FN19 – 200 l/ha | 5.37 | 4.76 | 8.31 | 40 | 0.02 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN19例示在帶紋理葉子(尤其是稻葉)上在10 L/ha的噴灑量下比在200 L/ha下顯示出明顯更大的沉積物大小,與參考配方FN18相比也是。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表FN21:表FN19中的配方的葉子沖刷性數據
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在蘋果葉上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方FN20 – 10 l/ha | + |
非根據本發明的配方FN20 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN19 – 10 l/ha | ++ |
根據本發明的配方FN19 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN19例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方FN20顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 FN8
Inpyrfluxam 25 SC
表FN22:Inpyrfluxam 25 SC配方FN21、FN22和FN23
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。溫室
表FN23:對PHAKPA/大豆植物的生物效力
方法11:大豆,1天預防,侵染後7天評價
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN21 | 根據本發明的配方 FN22 | 參考配方 FN23 | |
Inpyrfluxam | (a) | 25.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Atlox® 4913 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Silwet® 806 | (b) | 0.0 | 75.0 | 75.0 |
Crovol® CR70G | (c) | 0.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 |
Licomer® ADH205 | (d) | 0.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
丙二醇 | (e) | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~901) | 加至定量(~726) | 加至定量(~776) |
噴灑量 l/ha | SC 施用率 l/ha | a.i. 率 g/ha | 參考配方 FN21 效力 [ % ] | 根據本發明的配方 FN22 效力 [ % ] |
200 | 0.08 | 2.0 | 81 | 88 |
200 | 0.04 | 1.0 | 75 | 90 |
200 | 0.02 | 0.5 | 61 | 54 |
10 | 0.08 | 2.0 | 67 | 90 |
10 | 0.04 | 1.0 | 53 | 70 |
10 | 0.02 | 0.5 | 26 | 48 |
結果顯示,比起參考FN21,本發明的配方FN22例示在10 l/ha的噴灑量下顯示出更高的效力。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表FN24:在無紋理的蘋果葉與帶紋理的大豆葉子和稻葉上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量
調配物以1 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 沉積物面積mm^2 稻 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN21 – 10 l/ha | 7.28 | 2.27 | 1.75 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN21 – 200 l/ha | 4.74 | 3.74 | 2.46 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN21 – 800 l/ha | 3.20 | 1.34 | 2.61 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN22 – 10 l/ha | 45.5 | 170.3 | 145.5 | 75 | 0.75 |
根據本發明的配方FN22 – 200 l/ha | 29.5 | 94.3 | 40.4 | 75 | 0.0375 |
根據本發明的配方FN22 – 800 l/ha | 8.56 | 22.2 | 14.1 | 75 | 0.0098 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN22例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量比起在200 L/ha下顯示出明顯更大的沉積物大小,與參考配方FN21相比也是。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表FN25:表FN22中的配方的葉子沖刷性數據
調配物以1 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方FN23 – 10 l/ha | + |
非根據本發明的配方FN23 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN22 – 10 l/ha | ++ |
根據本發明的配方FN22 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN22例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方FN23顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 FN9
Inpyrfluxam 100 SC
表FN26:Inpyrfluxam 100 SC配方FN24、FN25和FN26
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。表皮滲透性
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN24 | 根據本發明的配方 FN25 | 參考配方 FN26 | |
Inpyrfluxam | (a) | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Atlox® 4913 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Silwet® 806 | (b) | 0.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 |
Alkamuls® A | (c) | 0.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
Licomer® ADH205 | (d) | 0.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
丙二醇 | (e) | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~866) | 加至定量(~686) | 加至定量(~736) |
根據表皮滲透試驗方法12測定經由蘋果葉表皮的滲透性。
表FN27:Inpyrfluxam SC調配物的表皮滲透性
調配物以0.5 l/ha試驗。
配方 | 滲透% 24h | 滲透% 48h | 吸收增強界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 吸收增強界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN24 – 10 l/ha | 17.0 | 46.9 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN24 – 200 l/ha | 24.0 | 50.7 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN25 – 10 l/ha | 73.1 | 95.3 | 40 | 0.4 |
根據本發明的配方FN25 – 200 l/ha | 53.8 | 76.6 | 40 | 0.02 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN25例示在10 l/ha下比在200 l/ha下具有更高的表皮滲透性,與參考配方FN24在10 l/ha下與200 l/ha下二者相比也都更大。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表FN28:在無紋理的蘋果葉與帶紋理的大豆葉子上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN24 – 10 l/ha | 3.13 | 1.67 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN24 – 200 l/ha | 2.99 | 1.70 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN25 – 10 l/ha | 7.68 | 21.78 | 40 | 0.4 |
根據本發明的配方FN25 – 200 l/ha | 7.65 | 26.16 | 40 | 0.02 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN25例示相較於參考配方FN24顯示出更大的沉積物大小。該效果以帶紋理的大豆葉子為最大,且在10 l/ha的噴灑量下增加。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表FN29:表FN26中的配方於蘋果和玉米葉子上的沖刷性
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方FN24 – 10 l/ha | ++ |
非根據本發明的配方FN24 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN25 – 10 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN25 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
非根據本發明的配方FN26 – 10 l/ha | + |
非根據本發明的配方FN26 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN25例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方FN24與FN26顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。
這些結果共同表明,相較於參考組,根據本發明的配方在低噴灑量下具有更高的滲透性、增加的擴散和減少的沖刷。實施例 FN10
氟比來100 SC
表FN30: 氟比來100 SC配方FN27、FN28和FN29
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。表皮滲透性
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN27 | 根據本發明的配方 FN28 | 參考配方 FN29 | |
氟比來 | (a) | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Soprophor® FLK | (e) | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Silwet® 408 | (b) | 0.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 |
Crovol® CR70G | (c) | 0.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
Atplus® FA | (d) | 0.0 | 60.0 | 0.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
丙二醇 | (e) | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~846) | 加至定量(~686) | 加至定量(~746) |
根據方法12測定經由蘋果葉表皮的滲透性。
表FN31:配方FN27和FN28的表皮滲透性
調配物以1 l/ha施用。
配方 | 滲透% 24h | 吸收增強界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 吸收增強界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN27 – 10 l/ha | 1.7 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN27 – 200 l/ha | 3.4 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN28 – 10 l/ha | 12.0 | 60 | 0.6 |
根據本發明的配方FN28 – 200 l/ha | 14.1 | 60 | 0.03 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN28例示在10 L/ha與200 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方FN27顯示出更大的滲透性。此外,配方FN28在10 l/ha下的滲透性與在200 l/ha下的滲透性相當。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表FN32:在無紋理的蘋果葉與帶紋理的大豆葉子和稻葉上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量。
調配物以1 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 沉積物面積mm^2 稻 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN27 – 10 l/ha | 5.23 | 2.77 | 2.30 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN27 – 200 l/ha | 3.49 | 1.21 | 1.52 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN28 – 10 l/ha | 23.11 | 178.2 | 147.7 | 60 | 0.6 |
根據本發明的配方FN28 – 200 l/ha | 17.90 | 38.49 | 18.61 | 60 | 0.03 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN28例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下比起在200 L/ha下顯示出明顯更大的沉積物大小,與參考配方FN27相比也是。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表FN33:表FN30中的配方於蘋果葉上的沖刷性
調配物以1 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在蘋果葉上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方FN29 – 10 l/ha | + |
非根據本發明的配方FN29 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN28 – 10 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN28 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN28例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方FN29顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 FN11
氟派瑞200 SC
表FN34:氟派瑞200 SC配方FN30、FN31和FN32
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN30 | 根據本發明的配方 FN31 | 參考配方 FN32 | |
氟派瑞 | (a) | 200.0 | 200.0 | 200.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Soprophor® TS54 | (e) | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Silwet® 408 | (b) | 0.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
Crovol® CR70G | (c) | 0.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
Atplus® FA | (d) | 0.0 | 60.0 | 0.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
丙二醇 | (e) | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~786) | 加至定量(~586) | 加至定量(~646) |
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表FN35:在無紋理的蘋果葉與帶紋理的大豆葉子和稻葉上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 沉積物面積mm^2 稻 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN30 – 10 l/ha | 3.96 | 1.52 | 1.64 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN30 – 200 l/ha | 3.57 | 1.59 | 1.08 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN31 – 10 l/ha | 14.21 | 214.4 | 151.2 | 40 | 0.4 |
根據本發明的配方FN31 – 200 l/ha | 14.65 | 48.12 | 33.05 | 40 | 0.02 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN31例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下比在200 L/ha下顯示出明顯更大的沉積物大小,與參考配方FN30相比也是。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表FN36:表FN34中的配方於蘋果葉上的沖刷性
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在蘋果葉上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方FN32 – 10 l/ha | ++ |
非根據本發明的配方FN32 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN31 – 10 l/ha | +++ |
根據本發明的配方FN31 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN31例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方FN32顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 FN12 :
Fluoxapiprolin 50 SC
表FN37:Fluoxapiprolin 50 SC配方FN33、FN34和FN35
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN33 | 根據本發明的配方 FN34 | 根據本發明的配方 FN35 | |
Fluoxapiprolin | (a) | 50.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Soprophor® TS54 | (e) | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Agnique® PG8107G | (b) | 0.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
Lucramol® Hot 5902 | (c) | 0.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
Licomer® ADH205 | (d) | 0.0 | 60.0 | 0.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
丙二醇 | (e) | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~896) | 加至定量(~676) | 加至定量(~736) |
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表FN38:在無紋理的蘋果葉與帶紋理的大豆葉子和稻葉上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 沉積物面積mm^2 稻 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN33 – 10 l/ha | 3.68 | 2.19 | 1.69 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN33 – 200 l/ha | 3.58 | 2.24 | 2.23 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN34 – 10 l/ha | 6.12 | 5.13 | 34.02 | 40 | 0.4 |
根據本發明的配方FN34 – 200 l/ha | 4.92 | 2.51 | 5.35 | 40 | 0.02 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN34例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下比在200 L/ha下顯示出更大的沉積物大小,與參考配方FN33相比也是。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表FN39:表FN37中的配方於蘋果葉上的沖刷性
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在蘋果葉上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方FN35 – 10 l/ha | + |
非根據本發明的配方FN35 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN34 – 10 l/ha | +++ |
根據本發明的配方FN34 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN34例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方FN35顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 FN13 :
Fluoxapiprolin 10 SC
表FN40:Fluoxapiprolin 10 SC配方FN36、FN37和FN38
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。溫室
表FN41:對番茄植物的生物效力
方法11:番茄,1天預防,侵染後7天評價
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN36 | 根據本發明的配方 FN37 | 根據本發明的配方 FN38 | |
Fluoxapiprolin | (a) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Soprophor® FLK | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Silwet® 806 | (b) | 0.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 |
Alkamuls® A | (c) | 0.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 |
Licomer® ADH205 | (d) | 0.0 | 40.0 | 0.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
丙二醇 | (e) | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~901) | 加至定量(~721) | 加至定量(~761) |
噴灑量 l/ha | SC 施用率 l/ha | a.i. 率 g/ha | 參考配方 FN36 效力 [ % ] | 根據本發明的配方 FN37 效力 [ % ] |
200 | 0.3 | 3 | 94 | 97 |
200 | 0.1 | 1 | 93 | 93 |
200 | 0.03 | 0.3 | 89 | 93 |
10 | 0.3 | 3 | 82 | 93 |
10 | 0.1 | 1 | 56 | 97 |
10 | 0.03 | 0.3 | 48 | 61 |
結果顯示,比起參考配方FN36,本發明的配方FN37例示在10 l/ha的噴灑量下顯示出更高的效力。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表FN42:在無紋理的蘋果葉與帶紋理的大豆葉子和稻葉上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量。
調配物以0.3 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN36 – 10 l/ha | 6.15 | 4.02 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN36 – 200 l/ha | 4.31 | 2.95 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN37 – 10 l/ha | 12.24 | 123.9 | 21 | 0.21 |
根據本發明的配方FN37 – 200 l/ha | 9.30 | 29.50 | 21 | 0.0105 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN37例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下比在200 L/ha下顯示出明顯更大的沉積物大小,與參考配方FN36相比也是。對帶紋理的葉子的效果最大。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表FN43:表FN40中的配方於玉米葉子上的沖刷性
調配物以0.3 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方FN36 – 10 l/ha | +++ |
非根據本發明的配方FN36 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN37 – 10 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN37 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
非根據本發明的配方FN38 – 10 l/ha | ++ |
非根據本發明的配方FN38 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN37例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方FN36與FN38顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 FN14 :
異噻菌胺(Isothianil) 100 SC
表FN44:異噻菌胺100 SC配方FN39、FN40和FN41
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN39 | 根據本發明的配方 FN40 | 根據本發明的配方 FN41 | |
異噻菌胺 | (a) | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Lucramol® TS54 | (e) | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Silwet® 408 | (b) | 0.0 | 25.0 | 25.0 |
Crovol® CR70G | (c) | 0.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
Licomer® ADH205 | (d) | 0.0 | 55.0 | 0.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
丙二醇 | (e) | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~846) | 加至定量(~686) | 加至定量(~741) |
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表FN45:在無紋理的蘋果葉與帶紋理的大豆葉子和稻葉上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量。
調配物以1.0 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 沉積物面積mm^2 稻 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN39 – 10 l/ha | 3.98 | 1.72 | 2.49 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN39 – 200 l/ha | 4.67 | 1.83 | 2.38 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN40 – 10 l/ha | 10.03 | 14.83 | 62.06 | 25 | 0.25 |
根據本發明的配方FN40 – 200 l/ha | 8.08 | 11.00 | 14.40 | 25 | 0.0125 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN40例示相較於參考配方FN39顯示出更大的沉積物大小。在10 l/ha下比在200 l/ha下效果大,且在帶紋理的葉子表面也較大,特別是稻葉。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表FN46:表FN44中的配方於蘋果和玉米葉子上的沖刷性
調配物以1.0 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在蘋果葉上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方FN41 – 10 l/ha | + |
非根據本發明的配方FN41 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN40 – 10 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN40 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN40例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方FN41顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 FN15 :
得克利150 SC
表FN47:得克利150 SC配方FN42、FN43和FN44
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 FN42 | 根據本發明的配方 FN43 | 參考配方 FN44 | |
得克利 | (a) | 150.0 | 150.0 | 150.0 |
Morwet® D425 | (e) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
Synperonic® PE/F127 | (e) | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Soprophor® FLK | (e) | 20.0 | 20.0 | 20.0 |
Geropon® DOS 70PG | (b) | 0.0 | 40.0 | 40.0 |
Genapol® C100 | (c) | 0.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 |
Axilat UltraGreen® 5500 | (d) | 0.0 | 60.0 | 0.0 |
Xanthan | (e) | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
丙二醇 | (e) | 60.0 | 60.0 | 60.0 |
SAG® 1572 | (e) | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量(~796) | 加至定量(~626) | 加至定量(~686) |
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表48:在無紋理的蘋果葉與帶紋理的大豆葉子和稻葉上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量
調配物以1.0 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 沉積物面積mm^2 稻 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方FN42 – 10 l/ha | 6.80 | 4.53 | 4.09 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方FN42 – 200 l/ha | 5.24 | 4.66 | 3.01 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方FN43 – 10 l/ha | 8.01 | 13.41 | 118.3 | 40 | 0.4 |
根據本發明的配方FN43 – 200 l/ha | 9.53 | 8.75 | 53.95 | 40 | 0.02 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN43例示相較於參考配方FN42顯示出更大的沉積物大小。與200 l/ha下相比,在10 l/ha下效果更大,對於帶紋理的葉子表面效果更大,特別是稻葉。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表FN49:表FN47中的配方於蘋果和玉米葉子上的沖刷性
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 在1h後餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方FN44 – 10 l/ha | + |
非根據本發明的配方FN44 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方FN43 – 10 l/ha | +++ |
根據本發明的配方FN43 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方FN43例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方FN44顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。殺昆蟲劑實施例
實施例I1 賜派滅SC調配物
表I1 配方賜派滅SC調配物
實施例I2 四唑蟲醯胺SC調配物
表I2 配方四唑蟲醯胺SC調配物
擴散 (BOP)– 葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/L) | 參考配方 I1 2019-001462/2020-000773 (在最終版本中移除) | 根據本發明的配方 I2 2020-002972 |
賜派滅 | 75 | 75 |
Lucramul PS 29 | 40 | 40 |
甘油 | 100 | 100 |
Rhodopol 23 | 3 | 3 |
Preventol D7 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
Proxel GXL 20% | 1.2 | 1.2 |
Silcolapse 426R | 1 | 1 |
檸檬酸 | 1 | 1 |
Silwet HS312 | - | 40 |
Crovol CR70 | - | 50 |
Atplus FA | - | 50 |
水(加至1升) | 加至定量 | 加至定量 |
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 I3 | 根據本發明的配方 I4 | 參考配方 I5 | 根據本發明的配方 I6 | 非根據本發明的配方 I7 |
四唑蟲醯胺 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 | 80.0 |
Atlox 4913 | 40.0 | 40.0 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 |
Morwet IP | 10.0 | 10.0 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
Synperonic PE/F127 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 |
檸檬酸 | 1.0 | 1.0 | - | - | - |
Rhodopol 23 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 |
Sipernat 22 S | 7.5 | 7.5 | |||
Silwet HS 312 | - | - | - | 60 | 60 |
Geropon DOS | - | 20 | - | - | - |
RME EW 500 | - | 100 | - | - | - |
Alkamuls A | - | - | - | 80 | 80 |
Atplus FA | - | 50 | - | - | - |
Licomer ADH205 | - | - | - | 65 | - |
Kathon CG/ICP | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
Proxel GXL | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
甘油 | 100.0 | 100.0 | - | - | - |
丙二醇 | - | - | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 |
SAG1572 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
水(加至1升) | 填滿 | 填滿 | 填滿 | 填滿 | 填滿 |
根據方法5(b) (2 μL小滴)測定葉子沉積物大小。
表I3 在無紋理的蘋果葉與帶紋理的大豆葉子和稻葉上的噴灑稀釋液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方I5 – 10 l/ha | 2.4 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方I5 – 200 l/ha | 2.9 | 1.7 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方I6 – 10 l/ha | 7.1 | 8.8 | 30 | 0.3 |
根據本發明的配方I6 – 200 l/ha | 6.2 | 5.4 | 30 | 0.015 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方I6例示相較於參考配方I5顯示出更大的沉積物大小。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。
表I4 四唑蟲醯胺SC調配物的沖刷性
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方I5 – 10 l/ha | + |
非根據本發明的配方I5 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方I6 – 10 l/ha | +++ |
根據本發明的配方I6 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
非根據本發明的配方I7 – 10 l/ha | + |
非根據本發明的配方I7 – 200 l/ha | +++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方I6例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方I5與I7顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。
實施例I3 益斯普+益達胺SC調配物
表I5 配方益斯普+益達胺SC調配物
除草劑實施例 實施例 HB1 :
SC表 HB1 :
配方HB1、HB2和HB3
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 I8 | 根據本發明的配方 I9 |
益斯普 | 100 | 100 |
益達胺 | 100 | 100 |
Morwet D425 | 11 | 11 |
Atlox 4913 | 69 | 69 |
Atlas G 5000 | 22 | 22 |
檸檬酸 | 2 | 2 |
Rhodopol 23 | 4 | 4 |
Veegum R | 6 | 6 |
Surfynol S440 | - | 50 |
Atplus FA | - | 50 |
Antarox B848 | - | 50 |
Kathon CG/ICP | 0.8 | 0.8 |
Proxel GXL | 1.2 | 1.2 |
丙二醇 | 110 | 110 |
Silcolapse 426R | 3 | 3 |
水(加至1升) | 填滿 | 填滿 |
組分 (g/l) | 基本配方 HB1 | 根據本發明的配方 HB2 | 參考配方 HB3 | |
氟酮磺草胺 | (a) | 70.00 | 70.00 | 70.00 |
Silwet L 77 | (b) | 0.00 | 40.00 | 40.00 |
Genapol X060 | (c) | 0.00 | 60.00 | 60.00 |
Licomer® ADH205 | (d) | 0.00 | 60.00 | 0.00 |
ATLOX 4913 | (e) | 32.40 | 32.40 | 32.40 |
ATLOX 4894 | (e) | 21.60 | 21.60 | 21.60 |
1.2-丙二醇 | (e) | 54.00 | 54.00 | 54.00 |
Silcolapse® 454 | (e) | 2.16 | 2.16 | 2.16 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.94 | 1.94 | 1.94 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 |
RHODOPOL® 23 | (e) | 4.32 | 4.32 | 4.32 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量 | 加至定量 | 加至定量 |
葉子沉積物大小是根據覆蓋率方法5測定。表 HB2 :
在無紋理葉子上噴灑稀釋液的液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 10 l/ha | 9.0 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 200 l/ha | 6.5 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方HB2 – 10 l/ha | 20.4 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方HB2 – 200 l/ha | 9.2 | 20 | 0.01 |
根據本發明的配方HB3 – 10 l/ha | 30.7 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方HB3 – 200 l/ha | 10.7 | 2o | 0.01 |
結果顯示,在無結構化葉子上,在較低的水施用量下的沉積物大小較大。表 HB3 :
在帶紋理的葉子上噴灑稀釋液的液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 10 l/ha | 10.1 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 200 l/ha | 5.7 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方HB2 – 10 l/ha | 81.7 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方HB2 – 200 l/ha | 10.9 | 20 | 0.01 |
根據本發明的配方HB3 – 10 l/ha | 75.7 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方HB3 – 200 l/ha | 10.1 | 20 | 0.01 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方HB2與HB3例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下比在200 L/ha下顯示出較大的沉積物大小,與HB1配方比也是。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。表 HB4 :
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方HB3 – 10 l/ha | ++ |
非根據本發明的配方HB3 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方HB2 – 10 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方HB2 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方HB2例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方HB3顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 HB2 :
SC表 HB5 :
配方HB1、HB5和HB6
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 HB1 | 根據本發明的配方 HB5 | 參考配方 HB6 | |
氟酮磺草胺 | (a) | 70.00 | 70.00 | 70.00 |
Silwet L 77 | (b) | 0.00 | 40.00 | 40.00 |
Disflamol TOF | (c) | 0.00 | 60.00 | 60.00 |
Licomer® ADH205 | (d) | 0.00 | 60.00 | 0.00 |
ATLOX 4913 | (e) | 32.40 | 32.40 | 32.40 |
ATLOX 4894 | (e) | 21.60 | 21.60 | 21.60 |
1.2-丙二醇 | (e) | 54.00 | 54.00 | 54.00 |
Silcolapse® 454 | (e) | 2.16 | 2.16 | 2.16 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.94 | 1.94 | 1.94 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 |
RHODOPOL® 23 | (e) | 4.32 | 4.32 | 4.32 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量 | 加至定量 | 加至定量 |
葉子沉積物大小是根據覆蓋率方法5測定。表 HB6 :
在無紋理葉子上噴灑稀釋液的液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 10 l/ha | 9.0 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 200 l/ha | 6.5 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方HB5 – 10 l/ha | 17.9 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方HB5 – 200 l/ha | 6.0 | 20 | 0.01 |
根據本發明的配方HB6 – 10 l/ha | 19.6 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方HB6 – 200 l/ha | 5.9 | 20 | 0.01 |
結果顯示,在無結構化葉子上,在較低的水施用量下的沉積物大小較大。表 HB7
:在帶紋理的葉子上噴灑稀釋液的液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑稀釋液中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 10 l/ha | 10.1 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 200 l/ha | 5.7 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方HB5 – 10 l/ha | 70.0 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方HB5 – 200 l/ha | 5.4 | 20 | 0.01 |
根據本發明的配方HB6 – 10 l/ha | 96.4 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方HB6 – 200 l/ha | 5.3 | 20 | 0.01 |
結果顯示,與在200 L/ha下相比,本發明的配方HB5與HB6例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下顯示出更大的沉積物大小。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。表 HB8 :
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方HB6 – 10 l/ha | +++ |
非根據本發明的配方HB6 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方HB5 – 10 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方HB5 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方HB5例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方HB6顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 HB3 :
SC表 HB9 :
配方HB1、HB7和HB8
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/l) | 基本配方 HB1 | 根據本發明的配方 HB7 | 參考配方 HB8 | |
氟酮磺草胺 | (a) | 70.00 | 70.00 | 70.00 |
Silwet L 77 | (b) | 0.00 | 40.00 | 40.00 |
RME | (c) | 0.00 | 60.00 | 60.00 |
Licomer® ADH205 | (d) | 0.00 | 60.00 | 0.00 |
ATLOX 4913 | (e) | 32.40 | 32.40 | 32.40 |
ATLOX 4894 | (e) | 21.60 | 21.60 | 21.60 |
1.2-丙二醇 | (e) | 54.00 | 54.00 | 54.00 |
Silcolapse® 454 | (e) | 2.16 | 2.16 | 2.16 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.94 | 1.94 | 1.94 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 |
RHODOPOL® 23 | (e) | 4.32 | 4.32 | 4.32 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量 | 加至定量 | 加至定量 |
葉子沉積物大小是根據覆蓋率方法5測定。表 HB10 :
在無紋理葉子上噴灑稀釋液的液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 10 l/ha | 9.0 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 200 l/ha | 6.5 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方HB7 – 10 l/ha | 19.0 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方HB7 – 200 l/ha | 5.4 | 20 | 0.01 |
根據本發明的配方HB8 – 10 l/ha | 16.6 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方HB8 – 200 l/ha | 7.4 | 20 | 0.01 |
結果顯示,在無結構化葉子上,在較低的水施用量下的沉積物大小較大。表 HB11 :
在帶紋理的葉子上噴灑稀釋液的液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 10 l/ha | 10.1 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 200 l/ha | 5.7 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方HB7 – 10 l/ha | 73.3 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方HB7 – 200 l/ha | 3.9 | 20 | 0.01 |
根據本發明的配方HB8 – 10 l/ha | 37.4 | 20 | 0.2 |
根據本發明的配方HB8 – 200 l/ha | 7.7 | 20 | 0.01 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方HB7與HB8例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下比在200 L/ha下顯示出較大的沉積物大小,與HB1相比也是。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。表 HB12 :
調配物以1.0 l/ha施用。(+ =全部被沖刷掉,+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方HB8 – 10 l/ha | ++ |
非根據本發明的配方HB8 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
根據本發明的配方HB7 – 10 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方HB7 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方HB7例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方HB8顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 HB3 :
SC表 HB13 :
配方HB1、HB9和HB10
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/l) | 基本配方 HB1 | 根據本發明的配方 HB9 | 參考配方 HB10 | |
氟酮磺草胺 | (a) | 70.00 | 70.00 | 70.00 |
Geropon DOS | (b) | 0.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 |
Genapol X060 | (c) | 0.00 | 60.00 | 60.00 |
Licomer® ADH205 | (d) | 0.00 | 60.00 | 0.00 |
ATLOX 4913 | (e) | 32.40 | 32.40 | 32.40 |
ATLOX 4894 | (e) | 21.60 | 21.60 | 21.60 |
1.2-丙二醇 | (e) | 54.00 | 54.00 | 54.00 |
Silcolapse® 454 | (e) | 2.16 | 2.16 | 2.16 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.94 | 1.94 | 1.94 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 |
RHODOPOL® 23 | (e) | 4.32 | 4.32 | 4.32 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量 | 加至定量 | 加至定量 |
葉子沉積物大小是根據覆蓋率方法5測定。
表HB14
:在無紋理葉子上噴灑稀釋液的液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 10 l/ha | 9.0 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 200 l/ha | 6.5 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方HB9 – 10 l/ha | 16.4 | 25 | 0.25 |
根據本發明的配方HB9 – 200 l/ha | 8.1 | 25 | 0.01 |
根據本發明的配方HB10 – 10 l/ha | 16.9 | 25 | 0.25 |
根據本發明的配方HB10 – 200 l/ha | 10.4 | 25 | 0.01 |
結果顯示,在無結構化葉子上,在較低的水施用量下的沉積物大小較大。表 HB15 :
在帶紋理的葉子上噴灑稀釋液的液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 10 l/ha | 10.1 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 200 l/ha | 5.7 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方HB9 – 10 l/ha | 65.3 | 25 | 0.25 |
根據本發明的配方HB9 – 200 l/ha | 16.8 | 25 | 0.01 |
根據本發明的配方HB10 – 10 l/ha | 64.0 | 25 | 0.25 |
根據本發明的配方HB10 – 200 l/ha | 15.0 | 25 | 0.01 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方HB9與HB10例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下比在200 L/ha下顯示出較大的沉積物大小,與HB1相比也是。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。表 HB16 :
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。(+ =全部沖掉。+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方HB10 – 10 l/ha | + |
非根據本發明的配方HB10 – 200 l/ha | +++ |
根據本發明的配方HB9 – 10 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方HB9 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方HB9例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方HB10顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 HB4 :
SC表 HB17 :
配方HB1、HB11和HB12
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 HB1 | 根據本發明的配方 HB11 | 參考配方 HB12 | |
氟酮磺草胺 | (a) | 70.00 | 70.00 | 70.00 |
Geropon DOS | (b) | 0.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 |
Disflamol TOF | (c) | 0.00 | 60.00 | 60.00 |
Licomer® ADH205 | (d) | 0.00 | 60.00 | 0.00 |
ATLOX 4913 | (e) | 32.40 | 32.40 | 32.40 |
ATLOX 4894 | (e) | 21.60 | 21.60 | 21.60 |
1.2-丙二醇 | (e) | 54.00 | 54.00 | 54.00 |
Silcolapse® 454 | (e) | 2.16 | 2.16 | 2.16 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.94 | 1.94 | 1.94 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 |
RHODOPOL® 23 | (e) | 4.32 | 4.32 | 4.32 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量 | 加至定量 | 加至定量 |
葉子沉積物大小是根據覆蓋率方法5測定。表 HB18 :
在無紋理葉子上噴灑稀釋液的液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 10 l/ha | 9.0 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 200 l/ha | 6.5 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方HB11 – 10 l/ha | 12.8 | 25 | 0.25 |
根據本發明的配方HB11 – 200 l/ha | 6.9 | 25 | 0.01 |
結果顯示,在無結構化葉子上,在較低的水施用量下的沉積物大小較大。表 HB19 :
在帶紋理的葉子上噴灑稀釋液的液滴大小和劑量。
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 10 l/ha | 10.1 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 200 l/ha | 5.7 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方HB11 – 10 l/ha | 72.9 | 25 | 0.25 |
根據本發明的配方HB11 – 200 l/ha | 4.7 | 25 | 0.01 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方HB11例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下比在200 L/ha下顯示出較大的沉積物大小,與HB1相比也是。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。表 HB20 :
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。(+ =全部沖掉。+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方HB12 – 10 l/ha | ++ |
非根據本發明的配方HB12 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
根據本發明的配方HB11 – 10 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方HB11 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方HB11例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方HB12顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。實施例 HB5 :
SC表 HB21 :
配方HB1、HB13和HB14
所使用的製備方法是根據方法1。葉子上的移液器擴散試驗
組分 (g/l) | 參考配方 HB1 | 根據本發明的配方 HB13 | 參考配方 HB14 | |
氟酮磺草胺 | (a) | 70.00 | 70.00 | 70.00 |
Geropon DOS | (b) | 0.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 |
菜籽油甲酯 | (c) | 0.00 | 60.00 | 60.00 |
Licomer® ADH205 | (d) | 0.00 | 60.00 | 0.00 |
ATLOX 4913 | (e) | 32.40 | 32.40 | 32.40 |
ATLOX 4894 | (e) | 21.60 | 21.60 | 21.60 |
1.2-丙二醇 | (e) | 54.00 | 54.00 | 54.00 |
Silcolapse® 454 | (e) | 2.16 | 2.16 | 2.16 |
Proxel® GXL | (e) | 1.94 | 1.94 | 1.94 |
Kathon® CG/ICP | (e) | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 |
RHODOPOL® 23 | (e) | 4.32 | 4.32 | 4.32 |
Na2 HPO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
NaH2 PO4 (緩衝溶液pH = 7) | (e) | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
水(加至1升) | (e) | 加至定量 | 加至定量 | 加至定量 |
葉子沉積物大小是根據覆蓋率方法5測定。表 HB22 :
在無紋理葉子上噴灑稀釋液的液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 蘋果 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 10 l/ha | 9.0 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 200 l/ha | 6.5 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方HB13 – 10 l/ha | 22.8 | 25 | 0.25 |
根據本發明的配方HB13 – 200 l/ha | 6.5 | 25 | 0.01 |
根據本發明的配方HB14 – 10 l/ha | 10.9 | 25 | 0.25 |
根據本發明的配方HB14 – 200 l/ha | 5.0 | 25 | 0.01 |
結果顯示,在無結構化葉子上,在較低的水施用量下的沉積物大小較大。表 HB23 :
在帶紋理的葉子上噴灑稀釋液的液滴大小和劑量
調配物以0.5 l/ha施用。
配方 | 沉積物面積mm^2 大豆 | 高擴散界面活性劑劑量 g/ha | 噴灑液體中的高擴散界面活性劑劑量 %w/v |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 10 l/ha | 10.1 | 0 | 0 |
非根據本發明的配方HB1 – 200 l/ha | 5.7 | 0 | 0 |
根據本發明的配方HB13 – 10 l/ha | 81.2 | 25 | 0.25 |
根據本發明的配方HB13 – 200 l/ha | 3.4 | 25 | 0.01 |
根據本發明的配方HB14 – 10 l/ha | 73.7 | 25 | 0.25 |
根據本發明的配方HB14 – 200 l/ha | 4.6 | 25 | 0.01 |
結果顯示,本發明的配方HB13與HB14例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下比在200 L/ha下顯示出較大的沉積物大小,與HB1相比也是。葉子沖刷性試驗
沖刷性是根據方法8測定。表 HB24 :
調配物以1.0 l/ha施用。(+ =全部沖掉。+++++ =全部餘留)
配方 | 1h後在玉米葉子上餘留的沉積物量 |
非根據本發明的配方HB14 – 10 l/ha | + |
非根據本發明的配方HB14 – 200 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方HB13 – 10 l/ha | ++++ |
根據本發明的配方HB13 – 200 l/ha | +++++ |
結果顯示,本發明的配方HB13例示在10 L/ha的噴灑量下相較於參考配方HB14顯示出更大量的施用調配物餘留。
Claims (18)
- 一種農化調配物,其包含 a) 一或多種活性成分, b) 一或多種擴散劑, c) 一或多種吸收增強劑, d) 一或多種耐雨添加劑, e) 其他調配劑, f) 加至定量之一或多種載劑, 其中b)以5至250 g/l存在。
- 如請求項1之農化調配物,其中b)係選自包含下列的群組:聚環氧烷烴改質的七甲基三矽氧烷、二辛基磺基琥珀酸鹽、醇乙氧基化物以及具有1至6個EO的乙氧基化二乙炔-二醇,較佳選自包含聚環氧烷烴改質的七甲基三矽氧烷、二辛基磺基琥珀酸鹽和具有1至6個EO的乙氧基化二乙炔-二醇。
- 如請求項1或2之農化調配物,其中d)是具有在-100℃至30℃範圍內的Tg之乳液聚合物或聚合物分散液,其中該聚合物是丙烯酸酯與苯乙烯的共聚物,其中該丙烯酸酯係選自由以下所組成之群組:2-乙基-丙烯酸己酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸二級丁酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸、丙烯醯胺、丙烯酸異丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、或其組合,且該苯乙烯係選自由以下所組成之群組:苯乙烯、三級丁基苯乙烯、對甲基苯乙烯、或其組合。
- 如請求項1至3中一或多項之農化調配物,其中c)係選自於包含下列之群組:參(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯、菜籽油甲酯、乙氧基化椰子醇、乙氧基化支鏈醇、丙氧基-乙氧基化醇、包含具有8-18個碳原子的脂肪酸和平均10-40個EO單元之甘油的乙氧基化單酯或二酯、乙氧基化油酸和礦物油。
- 如請求項1至4中一或多項之農化調配物,其中a)以較佳5至500 g/l、較佳10至300 g/l且最佳自20至200 g/l之量存在。
- 如請求項1至5中一或多項之農化調配物,其中b)以5至250 g/l、較佳8至120 g/l且最佳自10至80 g/l存在。
- 如請求項1至6中一或多項之農化調配物,其中c)以10至150 g/l、較佳25至150 g/l且最佳30至120 g/l存在。
- 如請求項1至7中一或多項之農化調配物,其中d)以5至250 g/l、較佳10至100 g/l且最佳自20至80 g/l存在。
- 如請求項1至8中一或多項之農化調配物,其中該活性成分係選自於由下列所組成之群組:三氟敏、聯苯吡菌胺、丙硫菌唑、Inpyrfluxam、isoflucypram、氟比來、氟派瑞、Fluoxapiprolin、亞汰尼、得克利、賜派滅、四唑蟲醯胺、益斯普、益達胺與氟酮磺草胺。
- 如請求項1至9中一或多項之農化調配物,其中組分e)包含至少一種非離子性界面活性劑及/或離子性界面活性劑(e1)、一種流變改性劑(e2)、及一種消泡物質(e3)及至少一種防凍劑(e4)。
- 如請求項1至10中任一項之農化調配物,其包含以下量之組分a)至f): b) 5至500 g/l、較佳10至300 g/l且最佳20至200 g/l, b) 5至250 g/l、較佳8至120 g/l且最佳自10至80 g/l, c) 10至150 g/l、較佳25至150 g/l且最佳30至120 g/l, d) 5至250 g/l、較佳10至100 g/l且最佳20至80 g/l, e1) 4至250 g/l、較佳8至120 g/l且最佳10至80 g/l, e2) 0至60 g/l、較佳1至20 g/l且最佳2至10 g/l, e3) 0至30 g/l、較佳0.5至20 g/l且最佳1至12 g/l, e4) 0至200 g/l、較佳5至150 g/l且最佳10至120 g/l, e5) 0至200 g/l、較佳0.1至120 g/l且最佳0.5至80 g/l, f) 加至定量之載劑。
- 如請求項1至11中一或多項之農化組成物,其中該調配物是以介於1與20 l/ha之間、較佳介於2與15 l/ha之間、更佳介於5與15 l/ha之間的噴灑量施用。
- 一種將如請求項1至12中一或多項之農化組成物施用至作物上的方法,其中該調配物是以介於1與20 l/ha之間、較佳介於2與15 l/ha之間、且更佳介於5與15 l/ha之間的噴灑量施用。
- 如請求項13之方法,其中a)至作物之施用量介於2與150 g/ha之間、較佳介於5與120 g/ha之間、且更佳介於20與200 g/ha之間。
- 如請求項13或14之方法,其中b)較佳以5 g/ha至150 g/ha、更佳以7.5 g/ha至100 g/ha、且最佳以10 g/ha至60 g/ha施用。
- 如請求項13至15中一或多項之方法,其中該調配物施用於具有帶紋理的葉子表面的植物或作物上。
- 一種如請求項1至10中一或多項之農化組成物於施用該農化化合物以控制有害生物的用途,其中該組成物是藉由UAV、UGV、PWM施用。
- 一種控制有害生物的方法,其包含以有效量的如請求項1至12中一或多項之調配物接觸該有害生物、其棲息地、其宿主,例如植物與種子,以及其生長或可能生長的土壤、區域與環境,還有欲保護以免於受到對植物有害的生物攻擊或侵擾的材料、植物、種子、土壤、表面、或空間,其特徵在於,該組成物是藉由UAV、UGV、PWM施用。
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