TW202103953A - 吸音材料 - Google Patents
吸音材料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW202103953A TW202103953A TW109112816A TW109112816A TW202103953A TW 202103953 A TW202103953 A TW 202103953A TW 109112816 A TW109112816 A TW 109112816A TW 109112816 A TW109112816 A TW 109112816A TW 202103953 A TW202103953 A TW 202103953A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- sound
- layer
- absorbing material
- substrate layer
- resin
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
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- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
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- QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
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Abstract
本案有關一種吸音材料，其依序具備：樹脂薄膜、具有連通孔之第一基材層、及具有連通孔之第二基材層。
Description
本發明有關一種吸音材料。
已知一種單一層的吸音結構體，其是由熔噴(melt blown)不織布構成(例如專利文獻1)。
[先前技術文獻]
(專利文獻)
專利文獻1：日本特開2012-214957號公報
[發明所欲解決的問題]
當為由不織布構成的單一層的吸音結構體時，特別是在低頻區域的吸音特性會不充分。
本發明是鑒於上述原因而研創，目的在於提供一種吸音材料，其在低頻區域的吸音特性優異。
[解決問題的技術手段]
本發明提供一種吸音材料，其依序具備：樹脂薄膜、具有連通孔之第一基材層、及具有連通孔之第二基材層。
一態樣中，前述第一基材層及前述第二基材層可為樹脂發泡體或不織布。
一態樣中，前述第一基材層的厚度可較前述第二基材層的厚度更薄。
一態樣中，前述樹脂薄膜可由聚烯烴、聚酯或聚醯胺構成。
一態樣中，吸音材料，在前述樹脂薄膜的至少任一表面，可進一步具有金屬蒸鍍層。
一態樣中，吸音材料，在前述樹脂薄膜與前述第一基材層之間、以及在前述第一基材層與前述第二基材層之間之中的至少任一方，可進一步具備黏著劑層。
一態樣中，吸音材料的厚度可為1～100 mm。
一態樣中，吸音材料，可在1 kHz以下的任一頻率，具有依據JIS A 1405-1而測得的0.3以上的垂直入射吸音率。
[功效]
根據本發明，能夠提供一種吸音材料，其在低頻區域的吸音特性優異。
＜吸音材料＞
第1圖是吸音材料的概略剖面圖。吸音材料10依序具備：樹脂薄膜1、具有連通孔之第一基材層2、及具有連通孔之第二基材層3。從樹脂薄膜側入射後的聲音(聲能)，在穿透吸音材料時會以熱能的形式散逸。藉此能夠觀察到聲音的衰減。
(基材層)
作為具有連通孔之基材層，可舉例如：樹脂發泡體、不織布、高分子多孔體、多孔質陶瓷等。此等之中，從在低頻區域的吸音特性優異的觀點來看，基材層可為樹脂發泡體或不織布。第一基材層與第二基材層可由相同的材料構成，亦可由不同的材料構成。
作為樹脂發泡體的材料，可舉例如：聚乙烯樹脂、聚丙烯樹脂、聚胺酯(polyurethane)樹脂、聚酯樹脂、丙烯酸系樹脂、聚苯乙烯樹脂、三聚氰胺樹脂、矽氧樹脂、天然橡膠、合成橡膠等。從耐熱性、難燃性的觀點來看，樹脂發泡體的材料可為三聚氰胺樹脂。
作為用以構成不織布的纖維，可舉例如：有機纖維、及無機纖維。作為有機纖維，可舉例如：聚乙烯(低密度或高密度)、聚丙烯、共聚聚乙烯、共聚聚丙烯等聚烯烴纖維；聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚對苯二甲酸三亞甲酯、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯、聚萘二甲酸丁二酯等聚酯纖維；丙烯酸系纖維；聚醯胺纖維；耐綸纖維；嫘縈纖維；羊毛等天然纖維等。此外，作為無機纖維，可舉例如：玻璃纖維、金屬纖維、陶瓷纖維、碳纖維等。用以構成不織布的纖維，能夠包含此等之中的1種或2種以上。
從在低頻區域的吸音特性優異的觀點來看，基材層的厚度能夠設為0.1～50 mm，可為0.5～20 mm，亦可為2.0～20 mm，亦可為2.0～10 mm。第一基材層與第二基材層可具有相同的厚度，亦可具有不同的厚度。從在低頻區域的吸音特性優異的觀點來看，第一基材層(聲音的入射側的基材層)的厚度可較第二基材層的厚度更薄。
從在低頻區域的吸音特性優異的觀點來看，基材層的單位面積質量能夠設為10～1000 g/m2
，可為30～800 g/m2
，亦可為30～700 g/m2
，亦可為50～500 g/m2
，亦可為150～300 g/m2
。第一基材層與第二基材層可具有相同的單位面積質量，亦可具有不同的單位面積質量。
從在低頻區域的吸音特性優異的觀點來看，基材層的密度能夠設為0.005～1.0 g/cm3
，可為0.010～0.50 g/cm3
，亦可為0.010～0.20 g/cm3
，亦可為0.020～0.20 g/cm3
，亦可為0.020～0.15 g/cm3
。第一基材層與第二基材層可具有相同的密度，亦可具有不同的密度。
從在低頻區域的吸音特性優異的觀點來看，吸音材料可進一步具備具有連通孔之其它基材層。換言之，吸音材料除了具有連通孔之第一基材層、及具有連通孔之第二基材層以外，還可進一步具備：具有連通孔之第三基材層、具有連通孔之第四基材層等。各基材層可由相同的材料構成，亦可由不同的材料構成。
(樹脂薄膜)
作為用以構成樹脂薄膜的樹脂，可舉例如：聚乙烯(低密度或高密度)、聚丙烯、共聚聚乙烯、共聚聚丙烯等聚烯烴系樹脂；聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚對苯二甲酸三亞甲酯、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯、聚萘二甲酸丁二酯等聚酯系樹脂；聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)、氟化乙烯丙烯(FEP)、全氟烷氧基烷(PFA)等氟系樹脂；聚醯亞胺系樹脂、聚醯胺系樹脂、芳醯胺系樹脂、氯乙烯系樹脂、丙烯酸系樹脂、聚碳酸酯系樹脂、聚苯硫醚系樹脂、聚乙烯醇系樹脂、聚苯乙烯系樹脂、聚丙烯腈系樹脂、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯系樹脂等。
從在低頻區域的吸音特性優異的觀點來看，樹脂薄膜的厚度能夠設為0.5～500 μm，可為5～250 μm，亦可為10～100 μm。第一樹脂薄膜與第二樹脂薄膜可具有相同的厚度，亦可具有不同的厚度。此外，從在低頻區域的吸音特性優異的觀點來看，樹脂薄膜的厚度相對於基材層的厚度的比例(基材層的厚度/樹脂薄膜的厚度)能夠設為1～20000，可為10～10000，亦可為100～1000。
從藉由調整薄膜特性來提高吸音效果的功能、及賦予熱射線反射的功能的觀點來看，樹脂薄膜可在其表面具備金屬蒸鍍層。換言之，吸音材料，在前述第一樹脂薄膜及前述第二樹脂薄膜的至少任一表面，可進一步具備金屬蒸鍍層。金屬蒸鍍層，能夠藉由將鋁、銅、鋅、鋅合金、銀等金屬進行真空蒸鍍等物理蒸鍍或化學蒸鍍來形成。金屬蒸鍍層可設置於樹脂薄膜的雙面，亦可設置於樹脂薄膜的其中一面。
從提高低頻區域的吸音效果及調整吸音頻率峰的觀點來看，樹脂薄膜可為有孔薄膜。有孔薄膜可具有排列成格子狀和菱形狀的孔。從在低頻區域的吸音特性優異的觀點來看，該孔可為直徑0.1～50.0 mm的圓形狀，可為直徑0.2～10.0 mm的圓形狀，可為直徑0.3～5.0 mm的圓形狀。孔的形狀可為圓形、橢圓形、長方形、多邊形等。
從在低頻區域的吸音特性優異的觀點來看，樹脂薄膜可進一步設置於具有連通孔之第一基材層與具有連通孔之第二基材層之間。此外，當吸音材料進一步具備第三基材層、第四基材層等時，樹脂薄膜可進一步設置於該等基材層之間。各樹脂薄膜可由相同的材料構成，亦可由不同的材料構成。
(黏著劑層)
吸音材料的上述各層之間可進一步具備黏著劑層。例如，吸音材料，在樹脂薄膜與第一基材層之間、以及在第一基材層與第二基材層之間之中的至少任一方，可進一步具備黏著劑層。作為黏著劑層，可舉例如：聚酯樹脂、乙酸乙烯酯樹脂、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚樹脂、異丁烯-馬來酸酐共聚樹脂、丙烯酸系共聚樹脂、丙烯酸系單體、丙烯酸系寡聚物、氯乙烯樹脂、胺酯樹脂(包含濕氣硬化型)、矽烷基化胺酯樹脂、環氧樹脂、改質環氧樹脂、聚乙烯樹脂等聚烯烴樹脂、離子聚合物樹脂、矽氧樹脂、改質矽氧樹脂；苯乙烯-丁二烯橡膠、氯丁二烯橡膠、腈橡膠等合成橡膠；異戊二烯橡膠等天然橡膠；水玻璃、矽酸鹽等包含黏著成分之層；或由積層物所構成之層等，該積層物在由紙、布、樹脂帶、金屬帶等所構成之支撐體的雙面上具備了包含此等黏著成分之層。此外，黏著劑層可為在樹脂薄膜的雙面上具備了包含上述黏著成分之層或上述積層物而成之物(黏著片)。此時，作為樹脂薄膜，能夠使用上述樹脂薄膜。各黏著劑層可由相同的材料構成，亦可由不同的材料構成。
黏著劑層的厚度無特別限定，能夠設為0.01～500 μm，可為1～250 μm。各黏著劑層可具有相同的厚度，亦可具有不同的厚度。
從吸音特性顯現、材料的施工性、省空間化等的觀點來看，吸音材料的厚度能夠設為1～100 mm，可為2～50 mm，亦可為5～30 mm。
吸音材料，能夠在1 kHz以下的任一頻率，具體而言，例如在250 Hz、500 Hz及1 kHz之中的至少任一頻率，具有依據JIS A 1405-1而測得的0.3以上、或0.4以上的垂直入射吸音率。該垂直入射吸音率，在1 kHz能夠設為0.3以上，可為0.4以上。該垂直入射吸音率，在750 kHz能夠設為0.2以上，可為0.3以上。該垂直入射吸音率，在500 kHz能夠設為0.1以上，可為0.15以上。
＜吸音材料的製造方法＞
吸音材料能夠藉由將各層積層來製造。吸音材料可在已藉由如上所述具備黏著劑層來將各層黏著的狀態下使用，亦可在不將各層黏著的情形下使用。此外，可僅於一部分的層間設置黏著劑層。用以構成吸音材料的積層體可在收納於框體中的狀態下使用。
＜吸音材料的用途＞
上述吸音材料在低頻區域的吸音特性優異。因此，上述吸音材料能夠在汽車、鐵道車輛、航空器、船舶、住宅等建築物、電子機器、精密機械等用途中合適地使用。此處所謂的低頻區域，是指能夠設為頻率1 kHz以下的區域，可為800 Hz以下的區域，亦可為750 Hz以下的區域，亦可為500 Hz以下的區域。
[實施例]
以下，藉由實施例來更詳細說明本發明，但本發明並不受此等實施例所限定。
(基材層的準備)
準備表1所示的基材層。
[表1]
(樹脂薄膜的準備)
準備下述樹脂薄膜。
雙面經蒸鍍鋁的聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯薄膜(Al蒸鍍PET)：厚度12 μm
聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯薄膜A(PET-A)：厚度12 μm
聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯薄膜B(PET-B)：厚度25 μm
聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯薄膜C(PET-C)：厚度50 μm
聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯薄膜D(PET-D)：厚度250 μm
雙軸延伸聚丙烯薄膜(OPP)：厚度20 μm
聚乙烯薄膜(PE)：厚度25 μm
(黏著劑層的準備)
準備下述黏著劑層。
雙面帶A：3M Japan股份有限公司，PGD-100(0.12 mm厚，基材：不織布)
雙面帶B：日立化成股份有限公司，Hi-Bon 25-563(0.15 mm厚，基材：Al箔)
黏著劑A：3M Japan股份有限公司，噴霧糊77號(商品名)
黏著劑B：KLEBCHEMIE M. G. Becker GmbH & Co. KG公司，聚烯烴熱熔樹脂(966P，塗佈50 g/m2
)
黏著劑C：KLEBCHEMIE M. G. Becker GmbH & Co. KG公司，合成橡膠熱熔樹脂(939S，塗佈50 g/m2
)
黏著劑D：KLEBCHEMIE M. G. Becker GmbH & Co. KG公司，濕氣硬化型聚胺酯熱熔樹脂(PUR700.5，塗佈50 g/m2
)
黏著片A：在上述Al蒸鍍PET的雙面上具備上述雙面帶A之物
黏著片B：在上述Al蒸鍍PET的雙面上具備上述黏著劑A的層之物
黏著片C：倉敷紡績股份有限公司，聚烯烴熱熔樹脂薄片(X4300，0.05 mm厚)
黏著片D：倉敷紡績股份有限公司，聚酯薄片熱熔樹脂薄片(G-5，0.03 mm厚)
黏著片E：倉敷紡績股份有限公司，聚胺酯熱熔樹脂薄片(S-1700，0.05 mm厚)
(吸音材料的製作)
製作具有表2及表3表示的構成之吸音材料。各層的黏著是使用雙面帶、黏著劑或黏著片。表中的※1中，樹脂薄膜與第一基材層之間的黏著是以雙面帶A或黏著劑A來進行，第一基材層與第二基材層之間的黏著是以黏著片A、黏著片B或雙面帶B來進行。
[表2]
[表3]
(吸音材料的吸音特性評估)
依照下述來測定所製得的各吸音材料的垂直入射吸音率。從表2中的左側中所記載的層側，使聲音入射。測定結果是如表4及表5所示。
裝置名：4206型阻抗管(Bruel & Kjaer公司)
測定方法：垂直入射吸音率(依據JIS A 1405-1)
測定範圍：50～1600 Hz
[表4]
[表5]
第2圖～第8圖是顯示各實施例及比較例的垂直入射吸音率的圖。由該等圖所示，可知實施例的吸音材料在低頻區域的吸音特性優異。
1:樹脂薄膜
2:具有連通孔之第一基材層
3:具有連通孔之第二基材層
10:吸音材料
第1圖是吸音材料的概略剖面圖。
第2圖是顯示實施例的垂直入射吸音率的圖。
第3圖是顯示實施例的垂直入射吸音率的圖。
第4圖是顯示實施例的垂直入射吸音率的圖。
第5圖是顯示實施例的垂直入射吸音率的圖。
第6圖是顯示實施例的垂直入射吸音率的圖。
第7圖是顯示比較例的垂直入射吸音率的圖。
第8圖是顯示比較例的垂直入射吸音率的圖。
國內寄存資訊(請依寄存機構、日期、號碼順序註記)
無
國外寄存資訊(請依寄存國家、機構、日期、號碼順序註記)
無
1:樹脂薄膜
2:具有連通孔之第一基材層
3:具有連通孔之第二基材層
10:吸音材料
Claims (8)
- 一種吸音材料，其依序具備：樹脂薄膜、具有連通孔之第一基材層、及具有連通孔之第二基材層。
- 如請求項1所述之吸音材料，其中，前述第一基材層及前述第二基材層為樹脂發泡體或不織布。
- 如請求項1或2所述之吸音材料，其中，前述第一基材層的厚度較前述第二基材層的厚度更薄。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之吸音材料，其中，前述樹脂薄膜是由聚烯烴、聚酯或聚醯胺構成。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項所述之吸音材料，其中，在前述樹脂薄膜的至少任一表面，進一步具備金屬蒸鍍層。
- 如請求項1至5中任一項所述之吸音材料，其中，在前述樹脂薄膜與前述第一基材層之間、以及在前述第一基材層與前述第二基材層之間之中的至少任一方，進一步具備黏著劑層。
- 如請求項1至6中任一項所述之吸音材料，其厚度為1～100 mm。
- 如請求項1至7中任一項所述之吸音材料，其在1 kHz以下的任一頻率，具有依據JIS A 1405-1而測得的0.3以上的垂直入射吸音率。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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|---|---|---|---|
| WOPCT/JP2019/016685 | 2019-04-18 | ||
| PCT/JP2019/016685 WO2020213139A1 (ja) | 2019-04-18 | 2019-04-18 | 吸音材 |
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| TW202103953A true TW202103953A (zh) | 2021-02-01 |
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| EP (1) | EP3958252A4 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPWO2020213676A1 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20210152474A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN113692614A (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW202103953A (zh) |
| WO (2) | WO2020213139A1 (zh) |
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| JPH07101953B2 (ja) * | 1986-06-27 | 1995-11-01 | 宇部興産株式会社 | 音響機器用振動板 |
| JPH11242486A (ja) * | 1998-02-26 | 1999-09-07 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | 吸音材、および遮蔽板 |
| US6528437B1 (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2003-03-04 | Milliken & Company | Composite fabric for vehicles |
| JP2002082671A (ja) * | 2000-09-06 | 2002-03-22 | Nichias Corp | 吸音構造体 |
| JP2002215169A (ja) * | 2001-01-18 | 2002-07-31 | Kasai Kogyo Co Ltd | 車両用吸音材 |
| US6769512B2 (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2004-08-03 | C.T.A. Acoustics | Acoustical insulation laminate with polyolefin layer and process for making |
| US7445839B2 (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2008-11-04 | Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd. | Foam sheet for car interior member, and car interior member |
| JP2006199276A (ja) * | 2004-12-24 | 2006-08-03 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 吸音構造 |
| EP1980391A4 (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2010-09-08 | Mitsubishi Plastics Inc | HEAT PROTECTION SHEET |
| JP2008008997A (ja) * | 2006-06-27 | 2008-01-17 | Bridgestone Kbg Co Ltd | 複合吸音構造体 |
| US8128775B2 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2012-03-06 | Mra Systems, Inc. | Process and apparatus for producing composite structures |
| CN102639795B (zh) * | 2009-10-21 | 2014-09-10 | 贝尔马克斯声学有限公司 | 声学面板、墙结构和路旁屏障 |
| JP4823376B1 (ja) * | 2010-07-21 | 2011-11-24 | 株式会社槌屋 | 複合材料を用いた成形品及びその製造方法 |
| JP2012214957A (ja) | 2011-03-30 | 2012-11-08 | Ａｓ Ｒ＆Ｄ合同会社 | 吸音構造体 |
| US8496088B2 (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-07-30 | Milliken & Company | Acoustic composite |
| EP2871637A4 (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2016-08-10 | Nishikawa Rubber Co Ltd | SOUND INSULATION |
| US9676148B2 (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2017-06-13 | Spirit Aerosystems, Inc. | System and method for manufacturing and testing composite acoustic panels |
| JP2018141838A (ja) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-09-13 | 日東電工株式会社 | 吸音材 |
| CN207052452U (zh) * | 2017-07-29 | 2018-02-27 | 昆山泓电隆泰电子材料有限公司 | 一种低噪音系列金属化聚酯薄膜 |
| JP2021500610A (ja) * | 2017-10-19 | 2021-01-07 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 音響物品及び関連方法 |
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- 2019-04-18 WO PCT/JP2019/016685 patent/WO2020213139A1/ja active Application Filing
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- 2020-04-16 JP JP2021514211A patent/JPWO2020213676A1/ja active Pending
- 2020-04-16 EP EP20791236.1A patent/EP3958252A4/en active Pending
- 2020-04-16 TW TW109112816A patent/TW202103953A/zh unknown
- 2020-04-16 KR KR1020217032238A patent/KR20210152474A/ko unknown
- 2020-04-16 US US17/602,276 patent/US20220165244A1/en active Pending
- 2020-04-16 WO PCT/JP2020/016702 patent/WO2020213676A1/ja active Application Filing
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|---|---|
| KR20210152474A (ko) | 2021-12-15 |
| EP3958252A4 (en) | 2022-06-08 |
| WO2020213676A1 (ja) | 2020-10-22 |
| CN113692614A (zh) | 2021-11-23 |
| EP3958252A1 (en) | 2022-02-23 |
| WO2020213139A1 (ja) | 2020-10-22 |
| JPWO2020213676A1 (zh) | 2020-10-22 |
| US20220165244A1 (en) | 2022-05-26 |
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