TW201839513A - 聚合性組合物及黑柱間隔物用感光性組合物 - Google Patents
聚合性組合物及黑柱間隔物用感光性組合物 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201839513A TW201839513A TW107106221A TW107106221A TW201839513A TW 201839513 A TW201839513 A TW 201839513A TW 107106221 A TW107106221 A TW 107106221A TW 107106221 A TW107106221 A TW 107106221A TW 201839513 A TW201839513 A TW 201839513A
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Classifications
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- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
- C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F216/1416—Monomers containing oxygen in addition to the ether oxygen, e.g. allyl glycidyl ether
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
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- C08F220/343—Esters containing nitrogen, e.g. N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate in the form of urethane links
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F299/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers
- C08F299/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions, in the absence of non-macromolecular monomers from unsaturated polycondensates
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- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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Abstract
本發明揭示一種聚合性組合物,其含有(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)[但,(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)除外]、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)[但,(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)及鹼顯影性化合物(C)除外]及聚合起始劑(E)。上述著色劑(B)較佳為黑色顏料。本發明亦揭示一種包含上述聚合性組合物之黑柱間隔物用感光性組合物、及該組合物之硬化物、以及含有該硬化物之顯示器顯示裝置。
Description
本發明係關於一種含有(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物、著色劑、鹼顯影性化合物、乙烯性不飽和化合物及聚合性起始劑之聚合性組合物及黑柱間隔物(以下稱為BCS)用感光性組合物以及由該感光性組合物獲得之硬化物。
於液晶顯示裝置、有機EL顯示裝置等顯示器顯示裝置中,為了保持單元之上部與下部之基板間之距離而使用間隔物。 間隔物係藉由將聚合性組合物塗佈於基板並隔著特定之遮罩進行曝光後進行顯影而形成。近年來,使用有將柱間隔物及黑矩陣整合為1個模組且使其具有遮光性之BCS。 於專利文獻1中揭示有一種BCS形成用感光性樹脂組合物,其含有實施過導入酸性基之處理之碳黑,可形成相對介電常數較低之BCS。於專利文獻2中揭示有一種著色感光性樹脂組合物,其含有共聚合物、環氧樹脂化合物或由其衍生之化合物、以及包含黑色著色劑及藍色著色劑之著色劑,可形成顯示出良好之彈性回復率之BCS。 先前技術文獻 專利文獻 專利文獻1:日本專利特開2014-146029號公報 專利文獻2:日本專利特開2015-093986號公報
本發明所欲解決之問題在於,迄今為止並無彈性回復率優異、介電常數較低且電氣特性良好之BCS。 因此,本發明之目的在於提供一種可獲得彈性回復率優異、介電常數較低且電氣特性良好之BCS的聚合性組合物及BCS用感光性組合物、由該聚合性組合物及BCS用感光性組合物獲得之硬化物、含有該硬化物之顯示器顯示裝置、以及製造該硬化物之方法。 本發明係努力研究後,結果藉由提供下述[1]~[9]而達成上述目的者。 [1]一種聚合性組合物,其含有(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)[但,(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)除外]、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)[但,(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)及鹼顯影性化合物(C)除外]及聚合起始劑(E)。 [2]如[1]所記載之聚合性組合物,其中著色劑(B)為黑色顏料。 [3]如[1]或[2]所記載之聚合性組合物,其中鹼顯影性化合物(C)係具有藉由環氧加成化合物與多元酸酐之酯化反應而獲得之結構之不飽和化合物,該環氧加成化合物具有對下述通式(I)所表示之環氧化合物加成不飽和一元酸而成之結構。 [化1](式中,M表示直接鍵、碳原子數1~20之烴基、-O-、-S-、-SO2
-、-SS-、-SO-、-CO-、-OCO-或選自下述式(a)、(b)、(c)或(d)所表示之群中之取代基, M所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基中之氫原子有被取代為鹵素原子之情形, R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
、R5
、R6
、R7
及R8
(以下亦記載為R1
~R8
)分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳原子數1~20之烴基、或鹵素原子, R1
~R8
所表示之基中之亞甲基有被取代為不飽和鍵、-O-或-S-之情形, n為0~10之數, 於n≧1之情形時,存在複數個之R1
~R8
及M有分別相同之情形,亦有不同之情形) [化2](式中,R9
表示碳原子數1~20之烴基, R10
、R11
、R12
、R13
、R14
、R15
、R16
、R17
、R18
、R19
、R20
、R21
、R22
、R23
、R24
、R25
、R26
、R27
、R28
、R29
、R30
、R31
、R32
、R33
、R34
、R35
、R36
、R37
及R38
(以下亦記載為R10
~R38
)分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳原子數1~20之烴基、含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基、或鹵素原子, R10
~R38
所表示之基中之亞甲基有被取代為不飽和鍵、-O-或-S-之情形, R10
與R11
、R11
與R12
、R12
與R13
、R13
與R14
、R22
與R15
、R15
與R16
、R30
與R23
、R23
與R24
、R24
與R25
、R38
與R31
、R31
與R32
、R32
與R33
、R34
與R35
、R35
與R36
及R36
與R37
有鍵結而形成環之情形, 式(a)、(b)、(c)及(d)所表示之基中之﹡表示鍵結鍵) [4]如[1]至[3]中任一項所記載之聚合性組合物,其中聚合起始劑(E)係具有下述通式(II)所表示之基之聚合起始劑。 [化3](式中,R41
及R42
分別獨立地表示氫原子、鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、碳原子數1~20之烴基或含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基, R41
及R42
所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基或R41
及R42
所表示之含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基之氫原子有被取代為鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、羥基、胺基、羧基、甲基丙烯醯基、丙烯醯基、環氧基、乙烯基、乙烯醚基、巰基、異氰酸基或含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基之情形, R41
及R42
所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基或R41
及R42
所表示之含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基中之亞甲基亦有被取代為-O-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-NR43
-、-NR43
CO-、-S-、-CS-、-SO2
-、-SCO-、-COS-、-OCS-或CSO-之情形, R43
表示氫原子、碳原子數1~20之烴基, m表示0或1, 式中之﹡表示鍵結鍵) [5]如[1]至[4]中任一項所記載之聚合性組合物,其中聚合起始劑(E)係具有羥基之聚合起始劑。 [6]一種黑柱間隔物用感光性組合物,其包含如[1]至[5]中任一項所記載之聚合性組合物。 [7]一種製造硬化物之方法,其係使用如[1]至[5]中任一項所記載之聚合性組合物或如[6]所記載之黑柱間隔物用感光性組合物而製造硬化物。 [8]一種硬化物,其係如[1]至[5]中任一項所記載之聚合性組合物或如[6]所記載之黑柱間隔物用感光性組合物之硬化物。 [9]一種顯示器顯示裝置,其含有如[8]所記載之硬化物。
以下,基於較佳之實施形態,對本發明之聚合性組合物進行詳細說明。 本發明之聚合性組合物含有(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)[但,(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)除外]、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)[但,(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)及鹼顯影性化合物(C)除外]及聚合起始劑(E)。以下,對各成分依序進行說明。 <(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)> 上述(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)係於同一分子內具有胺基甲酸酯鍵、及甲基丙烯酸基或丙烯酸基之化合物。上述(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)只要為於同一分子內具有胺基甲酸酯鍵、及甲基丙烯酸基或丙烯酸基之化合物,則無特別限定,可藉由使含有甲基丙烯酸基或丙烯酸基之醇與異氰酸酯化合物進行反應而獲得。 作為(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A),例如可列舉:苯基縮水甘油醚丙烯酸酯六亞甲基二異氰酸酯胺基甲酸酯預聚物、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯六亞甲基二異氰酸酯胺基甲酸酯預聚物、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯甲苯二異氰酸酯胺基甲酸酯預聚物、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯胺基甲酸酯預聚物、二季戊四醇五丙烯酸酯六亞甲基二異氰酸酯胺基甲酸酯預聚物等。 作為上述(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A),亦可使用市售品。具體而言,可列舉:NK Oligo U-4HA、U-4H、U-6HA、U-15HA、U-108A、U-1084A、U-200AX、U-122A、U-340A、U-324A、UA-53H、UA-100、AH-600(以上為新中村化學工業股份有限公司製造)、UA-306H、AI-600、UA-101T、UA-101I、UA-306T、UA-306I(以上為共榮社化學股份有限公司製造)、Artresin UN-9200A、UN-3320HA、UN-3320HB、UN-3320HC、UN-3320HS、SH-380G、SH-500、SH-9832、UN-901T、UN-904、UN-905、UN-906、UN-906S、UN-907、UN-952、UN-953、UN-954、H-91、H-135(以上為根上工業股份有限公司製造)、Sartomer CN968、CN975、CN989、CN9001、CN9010、CN9025、CN9029、CN9165、CN2260(以上為Sartomer公司製造)、EBECRYL8810(Daicel公司製造)等。 於本發明之聚合性組合物中,(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)之含量並無特別限定,相對於(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)及聚合起始劑(E)之合計100質量份,較佳為1~20質量份,更佳為3~10質量份,進而較佳為3~8質量份。於聚合性化合物(B)之含量為上述範圍內之情形時,所獲得之硬化物之彈性回復率優異,故而較佳。 例如於形成厚度2~5 μm之硬化膜之情形時,(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)之含量並無特別限定,相對於(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)及聚合起始劑(E)之合計100質量份,就所獲得之硬化物之彈性回復率變得良好而言,較佳為1~20質量份,更佳為3~10質量份,進而較佳為3~8質量份。 <著色劑(B)> 作為本發明之聚合性組合物所使用之著色劑(B),可使用顏料或染料。作為顏料及染料,可分別使用無機色材或有機色材。可將該等單獨使用或混合2種以上而使用。此處,所謂顏料係指不溶於下述溶劑之著色劑,亦包括無機或有機色材中不溶於溶劑者、或將無機或有機染料色澱化而成者。 作為上述顏料,可列舉:藉由爐法、導槽法或熱法所獲得之碳黑、或乙炔黑、科琴黑或燈黑等碳黑、將上述碳黑利用環氧樹脂調整或被覆者、將上述碳黑預先於溶劑中以樹脂進行分散處理並以20~200 mg/g之樹脂被覆者、將上述碳黑進行酸性或鹼性表面處理者、平均粒徑為8 nm以上且DBP吸油量為90 ml/100 g以下之碳黑、由950℃下之揮發物中之CO及CO2
算出之總氧量相對於表面積每100 m2
為9 mg以上之碳黑、石墨化碳黑、石墨、活性碳、碳纖維、奈米碳管、螺旋碳纖維、碳奈米角、碳氣凝膠、富勒烯、苯胺黑、顏料黑7、鈦黑、內醯胺黑及苝黑等所代表之黑色顏料、氧化鉻綠、米洛麗藍、鈷綠、鈷藍、錳系、亞鐵氰化物、磷酸鹽群青、鐵藍、群青、天藍、鉻綠色、翡翠綠、硫酸鉛、黃丹、鋅黃、鐵丹(氧化鐵紅(III))、鎘紅、合成鐵黑、棕土、色澱顏料等有機或無機顏料。 於上述顏料中,就遮光性較高而言,較佳為使用黑色顏料,就液晶污染性較低而言,進而較佳為使用內醯胺黑及苝黑等所代表之有機系黑色顏料。 作為上述顏料,亦可使用市售品,例如可列舉:顏料紅1、2、3、9、10、14、17、22、23、31、38、41、48、49、88、90、97、112、119、122、123、144、149、166、168、169、170、171、177、179、180、184、185、192、200、202、209、215、216、217、220、223、224、226、227、254、228、240及254;顏料橙13、31、34、36、38、43、46、48、49、51、52、55、59、60、61、62、64、65及71;顏料黃1、3、12、13、14、16、17、20、24、55、60、73、81、83、86、93、95、97、98、100、109、110、113、114、117、120、125、126、127、129、137、138、139、147、148、150、151、152、153、154、166、168、175、180及185;顏料綠7、10、36及58;顏料藍15、15:1、15:2、15:3、15:4、15:5、15:6、22、24、56、60、61、62及64;顏料紫1、19、23、27、29、30、32、37、40及50等。 作為上述染料,例如可列舉:亞硝基化合物、硝基化合物、偶氮化合物、重氮化合物、化合物、喹啉化合物、蒽醌化合物、香豆素化合物、花青化合物、酞菁化合物、異吲哚啉酮化合物、異吲哚啉化合物、喹吖酮化合物、蒽締蒽酮化合物、哌瑞酮化合物、苝化合物、吡咯并吡咯二酮化合物、硫靛化合物、二㗁化合物、三苯甲烷化合物、喹酞酮化合物、萘四羧酸、偶氮染料、花青染料之金屬錯合物等。 於本發明之聚合性組合物中,上述著色劑(B)之含量並無特別限定,相對於下述鹼顯影性化合物(C)100質量份,較佳為3~30質量份,更佳為5~20質量份,進而較佳為150~300質量份。於著色劑(B)之含量為上述範圍內之情形時,聚合性組合物成為不伴有著色劑之凝聚之保存穩定性優異者,聚合性組合物之硬化物之遮光性變高,故而較佳。 例如於形成厚度1~3 μm之硬化物之情形時,著色劑(B)之含量並無特別限定,相對於鹼顯影性化合物(C)100質量份,較佳為3~30質量份,更佳為5~20質量份,進而較佳為150~300質量份。 <鹼顯影性化合物(C)> 本發明之鹼顯影性化合物(C)並非上述(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A),而是具有親水性基且顯示出鹼顯影性之化合物。本發明中,作為鹼顯影性化合物(C),只要滿足上述條件,則可使用先前所使用之化合物。 作為上述親水性基,可列舉羥基、硫醇基、羧基、磺基、胺基、醯胺基或其鹽等,較佳為羥基及羧基,其原因在於鹼顯影性化合物(C)之鹼顯影性較高。 鹼顯影性化合物(C)中之親水性基之較佳之官能基當量(含有親水性基1當量之高分子化合物之質量)為50~10000。 鹼顯影性化合物(C)之較佳分子量為1000~500000。 上述鹼顯影性化合物(C)之酸值較佳為10~200 mg/KOH,進而較佳為30~150 mg/KOH。若酸值未達10 mg/KOH,則有無法充分地獲得鹼顯影性之情形,若大於200 mg/KOH,則有難以製造高分子化合物之虞。此處,所謂酸值係依據JIS K 0050 及JIS K 0211者。 作為鹼顯影性化合物(C),具體而言,可使用:丙烯酸酯之共聚物;苯酚及/或甲酚酚醛清漆環氧樹脂;具有多官能環氧基之多苯基甲烷型環氧樹脂;環氧丙烯酸酯樹脂;具有對上述通式(I)所表示之環氧化合物等加成不飽和一元酸而成之結構之環氧加成化合物;具有藉由環氧加成化合物與多元酸酐之酯化反應而獲得之結構的樹脂(不飽和化合物)等,該環氧加成化合物具有對上述通式(I)所表示之環氧化合物加成不飽和一元酸而成之結構。 於該等中,若使用具有對上述通式(I)所表示之環氧化合物加成不飽和一元酸而成之結構之環氧加成化合物、或藉由具有對上述通式(I)所表示之環氧化合物加成不飽和一元酸而成之結構之環氧加成化合物與多元酸酐之酯化反應而獲得之反應生成物即鹼顯影性化合物,則聚合性組合物之感度變高,由該聚合性組合物獲得之硬化物之彈性回復率優異,故而較佳。 又,上述鹼顯影性化合物較佳為含有0.2~1.0當量之不飽和基。 就著色劑(B)之分散性變得良好且耐熱性變得良好而言,上述鹼顯影性化合物(C)較理想為上述通式(I)所表示之環氧化合物、對上述通式(I)所表示之環氧化合物加成不飽和一元酸而成之具有下述結構[(e)]的環氧化合物、或藉由該不飽和化合物與多元酸酐之酯化反應而獲得之具有下述結構[(f)]之不飽和化合物。 [化4](式中,Y1
表示不飽和一元酸之殘基,Y2
表示多元酸酐之殘基, ﹡係指鍵結鍵) 上述通式(I)中之M所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基並無特別限定,較佳為表示碳原子數1~20之伸烷基、碳原子數2~20之伸烯基、碳原子數3~20之伸環烷基、或碳原子數6~20之伸芳基。於該等中,就用作鹼顯影性化合物(C)之情形時之感度良好而言,更佳為碳原子數1~10之伸烷基、碳原子數2~10之伸烯基、碳原子數3~10之伸環烷基、或碳原子數6~10之伸芳基。 作為上述通式(I)中之M所表示之碳原子數1~20之伸烷基,例如可列舉:亞甲基、伸乙基、伸丙基、伸丁基、伸戊基、伸己基、伸庚基、伸辛基、伸壬基、伸癸基、伸十一烷基、伸十二烷基、伸十三烷基、伸十四烷基、伸十五烷基、伸十六烷基、伸十七烷基、伸十八烷基、伸十九烷基、伸二十烷基等。 作為上述通式(I)中之M所表示之碳原子數2~20之伸烯基,例如可列舉:1,2-乙烯二基(亦稱為伸乙烯基(ethenylene)或伸乙烯基(vinylene))、2-丁烯-1,4-二基、1,2-二甲基-1,2-乙烯二基等。 作為上述通式(I)中之M所表示之碳原子數3~20之伸環烷基,可列舉:伸環丙基、伸環戊基、伸環己基、伸環庚基、伸環辛基等。 作為上述通式(I)中之M所表示之碳原子數6~20之伸芳基,例如可列舉:伸苯基、甲伸苯基、苯二甲基、伸萘基、伸聯苯基、茀、茚滿。 作為取代上述通式(I)中之M所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基之鹵素原子,可列舉:氟、氯、溴、碘。 上述通式(I)中之R1
~R38
所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基並無特別限定,較佳為表示碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數2~20之烯基、碳原子數3~20之環烷基、碳原子數4~20之環烷基烷基、碳原子數6~20之芳基及碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基等。就用作鹼顯影性化合物(C)之情形時之感度良好而言,更佳為碳原子數1~10之烷基、碳原子數2~10之烯基、碳原子數3~10之環烷基、碳原子數4~10之環烷基烷基、碳原子數6~10之芳基及碳原子數7~10之芳基烷基等。 作為上述碳原子數1~20之烷基,例如可列舉:甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、戊基、異戊基、第三戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、異辛基、2-乙基己基、第三辛基、壬基、異壬基、癸基、異癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基、十四烷基、十六烷基、十八烷基及二十烷基等。作為上述碳原子數1~10之烷基,例如可列舉:甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、戊基、異戊基、第三戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、異辛基、2-乙基己基、第三辛基、壬基、異壬基、癸基及異癸基等。 作為上述碳原子數2~20之烯基,例如可列舉:乙烯基、2-丙烯基、3-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、4-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基、5-己烯基、2-庚烯基、3-庚烯基、4-庚烯基、3-辛烯基、3-壬烯基、4-癸烯基、3-十一碳烯基、4-十二碳烯基、3-環己烯基、2,5-環己二烯基-1-甲基、及4,8,12-十四碳三烯基烯丙基等。作為上述碳原子數2~10之烯基,例如可列舉:乙烯基、2-丙烯基、3-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、4-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基、5-己烯基、2-庚烯基、3-庚烯基、4-庚烯基、3-辛烯基、3-壬烯基及4-癸烯基等。 上述碳原子數3~20之環烷基係指具有3~20之碳原子之飽和單環式或飽和多環式烷基。例如可列舉:環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基、環辛基、環壬基、環癸基、金剛烷基、十氫萘基、八氫并環戊二烯、雙環[1.1.1]戊基及十四氫蒽基等。作為上述碳原子數3~10之環烷基,例如可列舉:環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基、環辛基、環壬基、環癸基、金剛烷基、十氫萘基、八氫并環戊二烯及雙環[1.1.1]戊基等。 上述碳原子數4~20之環烷基烷基係指烷基之氫原子被取代為環烷基之具有4~20之碳原子之基。例如可列舉:環丙基甲基、環丁基甲基、環戊基甲基、環己基甲基、環庚基甲基、環辛基甲基、環壬基甲基、環癸基甲基、2-環丁基乙基、2-環戊基乙基、2-環己基乙基、2-環庚基乙基、2-環辛基乙基、2-環壬基乙基、2-環癸基乙基、3-環丁基丙基、3-環戊基丙基、3-環己基丙基、3-環庚基丙基、3-環辛基丙基、3-環壬基丙基、3-環癸基丙基、4-環丁基丁基、4-環戊基丁基、4-環己基丁基、4-環庚基丁基、4-環辛基丁基、4-環壬基丁基、4-環癸基丁基、3-3-金剛烷基丙基及十氫萘基丙基等。作為上述碳原子數4~10之環烷基烷基,例如可列舉:環丙基甲基、環丁基甲基、環戊基甲基、環己基甲基、環庚基甲基、環辛基甲基、環壬基甲基、2-環丁基乙基、2-環戊基乙基、2-環己基乙基、2-環庚基乙基、2-環辛基乙基、3-環丁基丙基、3-環戊基丙基、3-環己基丙基、3-環庚基丙基、4-環丁基丁基、4-環戊基丁基及4-環己基丁基等。 作為上述碳原子數6~20之芳基,可列舉:例如苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、乙基苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基等、或經上述烷基、上述烯基或羧基、鹵素原子等取代1個以上之苯基、聯苯基、萘基、蒽基等、例如4-氯苯基、4-羧基苯基、4-乙烯基苯基、4-甲基苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基等。作為上述碳原子數6~10之芳基,可列舉:例如苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、乙基苯基及萘基等、或經上述烷基、上述烯基或羧基、鹵素原子等取代1個以上之苯基、聯苯基、萘基、蒽基等、例如4-氯苯基、4-羧基苯基、4-乙烯基苯基、4-甲基苯基、2,4,6-三甲基苯基等。 上述碳原子數7~20之芳基烷基係指烷基之氫原子被取代為芳基之具有7~20個碳原子之基。例如可列舉:苄基、α-甲基苄基、α、α-二甲基苄基、苯基乙基及萘基丙基等。作為上述碳原子數7~10之芳基烷基,係指烷基之氫原子被取代為芳基之具有7~10個碳原子之基,例如可列舉:苄基、α-甲基苄基、α、α-二甲基苄基及苯基乙基等。 上述通式(I)中之R10
~R38
所表示之含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基並無特別限定,例如可列舉:吡咯基、吡啶基、吡啶基乙基、嘧啶基、嗒基、哌基、哌啶基、吡喃基、吡喃基乙基、吡唑基、三基、三基甲基、吡咯啶基、喹啉基、異喹啉基、咪唑基、苯并咪唑基、三唑基、呋喃基(furyl)、呋喃基(furanyl)、苯并呋喃基、噻吩基(thienyl)、噻吩基(thiophene)、苯并噻吩基、噻二唑基、噻唑基、苯并噻唑基、㗁唑基、苯并㗁唑基、異噻唑基、異㗁唑基、吲哚基、啉基(morfolinyl)、硫代啉基、啉基(morpholinyl)、2-吡咯啶酮-1-基、2-哌啶酮-1-基、2,4-二氧基咪唑啶-3-基及2,4-二氧基㗁唑啶-3-基等,若包含取代基等而具體地記載,則可列舉具有下述結構之基等。 [化5](上述式中,R分別獨立地表示氫原子或碳原子數1~6之烷基,Z表示直接鍵或碳原子數1~6之伸烷基;再者,式中之﹡係指該等式所表示之基於﹡部分表示鍵結鍵) 作為上述式中之R所表示之碳原子數1~6之烷基,可列舉作為上述碳原子數1~20之烷基所例示者中之碳原子數1~6者。 作為上述式中之Z所表示之碳原子數1~6之20之伸烷基,可列舉作為上述碳原子數1~20之伸烷基所例示者中之碳原子數1~6者。 作為R1
~R8
及R10
~R38
所表示之鹵素原子,可列舉:氟、氯、溴、碘。 作為有取代R1
~R8
及R10
~R38
所表示之基中之亞甲基之情形之不飽和鍵,可列舉:-C=C-、-C≡C-等。 作為上述通式(I)中之R10
與R11
、R11
與R12
、R12
與R13
、R13
與R14
、R22
與R15
、R15
與R16
、R30
與R23
、R23
與R24
、R24
與R25
、R38
與R31
、R31
與R32
、R32
與R33
、R34
與R35
、R35
與R36
及R36
與R37
鍵結而形成之環,例如可列舉:環戊烷、環己烷、環戊烯、苯、吡咯啶、吡咯、哌、啉、硫代啉、四氫吡啶、內酯環及內醯胺環等5~7員環以及萘及蒽等縮合環等。 上述不飽和一元酸表示於結構中具有不飽和鍵,且每1分子具有1個進行游離而可成為氫離子之氫原子的酸。 作為上述不飽和一元酸,例如可列舉:丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丁烯酸、桂皮酸、山梨酸及甲基丙烯酸羥基乙酯-順丁烯二酸酯、甲基丙烯酸羥基丙酯-順丁烯二酸酯、丙烯酸羥基丙酯-順丁烯二酸酯及二環戊二烯-順丁烯二酸酯等。 又,使上述不飽和一元酸發揮作用後發揮作用之上述多元酸酐係指含有具有複數個羧基之多元酸之羧基進行脫水縮合而形成之酸酐基的化合物。 作為上述多元酸酐,可列舉:聯苯四羧酸二酐、四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、琥珀酸酐、二鄰苯二甲酸酐、順丁烯二酸酐、偏苯三甲酸酐、均苯四甲酸酐、2,2'-3,3'-二苯甲酮四羧酸酐、乙二醇雙脫水偏苯三酸酯、甘油三脫水偏苯三酸酯、六氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、甲基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、耐地酸酐、甲基耐地酸酐、三烷基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、六氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、5-(2,5-二側氧四氫呋喃基)-3-甲基-3-環己烯-1,2-二羧酸酐、三烷基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐-順丁烯二酸酐加成物、十二碳烯基琥珀酸酐、甲基雙環庚烯二甲酸酐等。 上述環氧化合物、上述不飽和一元酸及上述多元酸酐之反應莫耳比較佳為設為如以下所述。 即,上述環氧加成化合物較佳為以相對於上述環氧化合物之環氧基1個,上述不飽和一元酸之羧基成為0.1~1.0個之比率之方式加成,又,上述乙烯性不飽和化合物較佳為成為相對於上述環氧加成物之羥基1個,上述多元酸酐之酸酐結構成為0.1~1.0個之比率。 上述通式(I)所表示之環氧化合物、上述不飽和一元酸及上述多元酸酐之反應可依照慣例進行。 為了進行酸值調整而改良本發明之聚合性組合物及BCS用感光性組合物之顯影性,可與上述鹼顯影性化合物(C)一起進而使單官能或多官能環氧化合物進行反應。上述鹼顯影性化合物(C)之固形物成分之酸值較佳為5~120 mgKOH/g之範圍,單官能或多官能環氧化合物之使用量較佳為以滿足上述酸值之方式選擇。 作為上述單官能環氧化合物,可列舉:甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯、甲基縮水甘油醚、乙基縮水甘油醚、丙基縮水甘油醚、異丙基縮水甘油醚、丁基縮水甘油醚、異丁基縮水甘油醚、第三丁基縮水甘油醚、戊基縮水甘油醚、己基縮水甘油醚、庚基縮水甘油醚、辛基縮水甘油醚、壬基縮水甘油醚、癸基縮水甘油醚、十一烷基縮水甘油醚、十二烷基縮水甘油醚、十三烷基縮水甘油醚、十四烷基縮水甘油醚、十五烷基縮水甘油醚、十六烷基縮水甘油醚、2-乙基己基縮水甘油醚、烯丙基縮水甘油醚、炔丙基縮水甘油醚、對甲氧基乙基縮水甘油醚、苯基縮水甘油醚、對甲氧基縮水甘油醚、對丁基苯酚縮水甘油醚、甲酚基縮水甘油醚、2-甲基甲酚基縮水甘油醚、4-壬基苯基縮水甘油醚、苄基縮水甘油醚、對異丙苯基苯基縮水甘油醚、三苯甲基縮水甘油醚、2,3-環氧丙基甲基丙烯酸酯、環氧化大豆油、環氧化亞麻仁油、丁酸縮水甘油酯、一氧化乙烯基環己烷、1,2-環氧基-4-乙烯基環己烷、環氧苯乙烷、氧化蒎烯、甲基環氧苯乙烷、環氧環己烷、環氧丙烷、下述環氧化合物No.1、No.2等。 [化6][化7]作為上述多官能環氧化合物,若使用選自由雙酚型環氧化合物及縮水甘油醚類所組成之群中之一種以上之化合物,則可獲得特性更良好之聚合性組合物,故而較佳。 作為上述雙酚型環氧化合物,除可使用上述通式(I)所表示之環氧化合物以外,亦可使用例如氫化雙酚型環氧化合物等雙酚型環氧化合物。 又,作為上述縮水甘油醚類,可使用:乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、丙二醇二縮水甘油醚、1,4-丁二醇二縮水甘油醚、1,6-己二醇二縮水甘油醚、1,8-辛二醇二縮水甘油醚、1,10-癸二醇二縮水甘油醚、2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇二縮水甘油醚、二乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、三乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、四乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、六乙二醇二縮水甘油醚、1,4-環己烷二甲醇二縮水甘油醚、1,1,1-三(縮水甘油氧基甲基)丙烷、1,1,1-三(縮水甘油氧基甲基)乙烷、1,1,1-三(縮水甘油氧基甲基)甲烷、1,1,1,1-四(縮水甘油氧基甲基)甲烷等。 此外,亦可使用:酚系酚醛清漆型環氧化合物、聯苯酚醛清漆型環氧化合物、甲酚酚醛清漆型環氧化合物、雙酚A酚醛清漆型環氧化合物、二環戊二烯酚醛清漆型環氧化合物等酚醛清漆型環氧化合物;3,4-環氧基-6-甲基環己基甲基-3,4-環氧基-6-甲基環己烷羧酸酯、3,4-環氧環己基甲基-3,4-環氧環己烷羧酸酯、1-環氧基乙基-3,4-環氧環己烷等脂環式環氧化合物;鄰苯二甲酸二縮水甘油酯、四氫鄰苯二甲酸二縮水甘油酯、二聚酸縮水甘油酯等縮水甘油酯類;四縮水甘油基二胺基二苯基甲烷、三縮水甘油基對胺基苯酚、N,N-二縮水甘油基苯胺等縮水甘油胺類;1,3-二縮水甘油基-5,5-二甲基乙內醯脲、異氰尿酸三縮水甘油酯等雜環式環氧化合物;二氧化二環戊二烯等二氧化物化合物;萘型環氧化合物;三苯甲烷型環氧化合物;二環戊二烯型環氧化合物等。 作為鹼顯影性化合物(C),亦可較佳地使用市售品。 作為該市售品,例如可列舉:SPC1000、SPC-2000、SPC-3000、SPRR-1X、SPRR-2X、SPRR-3X、SPRR-5X、SPRR-6X、SPRR-7X、SPRR-8X、SPRR-9X、SPRR-10X、SPRR-11X、SPRR-12X、SPRR-13X、SPRR-14X、SPRR-15X、SPRR-16X、SPRR-17X、SPRR-18X、SPRR-19X、SPRR-20X、SPRR-21X(以上為昭和電工公司製造)、JET2000、AGOR1060、AGOR3060、ORGA1060、ORGA2060(以上、大阪有機化學公司製造)、CCR-1171H(日本化藥公司製造)等。 於本發明之聚合性組合物中,鹼顯影性化合物(C)之含量並無特別限定,相對於(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)及聚合起始劑(E)之合計100質量份,較佳為10~80質量份,更佳為20~80質量份,進而較佳為30~70質量份。於鹼顯影性化合物(C)之含量為上述範圍內之情形時,聚合性組合物之鹼顯影性良好,故而較佳。 例如於形成厚度2~5 μm之硬化膜之情形時,鹼顯影性化合物(C)之含量並無特別限定,相對於(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)及聚合起始劑(E)之合計100質量份,較佳為10~80質量份,更佳為20~80質量份,進而較佳為30~70質量份。 <乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)> 本發明中所使用之乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)係具有乙烯性不飽和鍵且並非上述(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)及上述鹼顯影性化合物(C)之化合物。作為乙烯性不飽和化合物(D),例如可列舉:乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、異丁烯、氯乙烯、偏二氯乙烯、偏二氟乙烯、四氟乙烯等不飽和脂肪族烴;(甲基)丙烯酸、α-氯丙烯酸、伊康酸、順丁烯二酸、甲基順丁烯二酸、反丁烯二酸、雙環庚烯二甲酸、丁烯酸、異丁烯酸、乙烯基乙酸、烯丙基乙酸、桂皮酸、山梨酸、甲基反丁烯二酸、琥珀酸單[2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基乙基]酯、鄰苯二甲酸單[2-(甲基)丙烯醯氧基乙基]酯、ω-羧基聚己內酯單(甲基)丙烯酸酯等於兩末端具有羧基及羥基之聚合物之單(甲基)丙烯酸酯;(甲基)丙烯酸羥基乙酯-順丁烯二酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羥基丙酯-順丁烯二酸酯、二環戊二烯-順丁烯二酸酯或具有1個羧基及2個以上之(甲基)丙烯醯基之多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯等不飽和多元酸;(甲基)丙烯酸-2-羥基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸-2-羥基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸縮水甘油酯、下述丙烯酸系化合物No.1~No.4、(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸第三丁基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸環己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸正辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異壬酯、(甲基)丙烯酸硬脂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸月桂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲胺基甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲胺基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸胺基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸二甲胺基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸聚(乙氧基)乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁氧基乙氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙基己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸四氫呋喃酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙烯酯、(甲基)丙烯酸烯丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯、乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,4-丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,6-己二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基乙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇六(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四(甲基)丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三環癸烷二羥甲基二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、異氰尿酸三[(甲基)丙烯醯基乙基]酯、聚酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物等不飽和一元酸及多元醇或多酚之酯;(甲基)丙烯酸鋅、(甲基)丙烯酸鎂等不飽和多元酸之金屬鹽;順丁烯二酸酐、伊康酸酐、甲基順丁烯二酸酐、甲基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、三烷基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、5-(2,5-二側氧四氫呋喃基)-3-甲基-3-環己烯-1,2-二羧酸酐、三烷基四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐-順丁烯二酸酐加成物、十二碳烯基琥珀酸酐、甲基雙環庚烯二甲酸酐等不飽和多元酸之酸酐;(甲基)丙烯醯胺、亞甲基雙-(甲基)丙烯醯胺、二伸乙基三胺三(甲基)丙烯醯胺、苯二甲基雙(甲基)丙烯醯胺、α-氯丙烯醯胺、N-2-羥基乙基(甲基)丙烯醯胺等不飽和一元酸及多元胺之醯胺;丙烯醛等不飽和醛;(甲基)丙烯腈、α-氯丙烯腈、二氰亞乙烯、氰化烯丙基等不飽和腈;苯乙烯、4-甲基苯乙烯、4-乙基苯乙烯、4-甲氧基苯乙烯、4-羥基苯乙烯、4-氯苯乙烯、二乙烯苯、乙烯基甲苯、乙烯基苯甲酸、乙烯基苯酚、乙烯基磺酸、4-乙烯苯磺酸、乙烯基苄基甲醚、乙烯基苄基縮水甘油醚等不飽和芳香族化合物;甲基乙烯基酮等不飽和酮;乙烯胺、烯丙胺、N-乙烯基吡咯啶酮、乙烯基哌啶等不飽和胺化合物;烯丙醇、巴豆醇等乙烯醇;乙烯基甲醚、乙烯基乙醚、正丁基乙烯醚、異丁基乙烯醚、烯丙基縮水甘油醚等乙烯醚;順丁烯二醯亞胺、N-苯基順丁烯二醯亞胺、N-環己基順丁烯二醯亞胺等不飽和醯亞胺類;茚、1-甲基茚等茚類;1,3-丁二烯、異戊二烯、氯丁二烯等脂肪族共軛二烯類;聚苯乙烯、聚(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、聚(甲基)丙烯酸正丁酯、聚矽氧烷等於聚合物分子鏈之末端具有單(甲基)丙烯醯基之巨單體類;氯乙烯、偏二氯乙烯、琥珀酸二乙烯酯、鄰苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、磷酸三烯丙酯、異氰尿酸三烯丙酯、乙烯基硫醚、乙烯基咪唑、乙烯基㗁唑啉、乙烯基咔唑、乙烯基吡咯啶酮、乙烯基吡啶、含羥基之乙烯基單體及多異氰酸酯化合物之胺基甲酸乙烯酯化合物、含羥基之乙烯基單體及聚環氧化合物之乙烯基環氧化合物。 上述乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)可單獨使用或混合2種以上而使用。 作為上述乙烯性不飽和化合物,亦可使用市售品。作為該市售品,例如可列舉:Kayarad DPHA、DPEA-12、PEG400DA、THE-330、RP-1040、NPGDA、PET30、R-684(以上為日本化藥製造);Aronix M-215、M-350(以上為東亞合成製造);NK Ester A-DPH、A-TMPT、A-DCP、A-HD-N、TMPT、DCP、NPG及HD-N(以上為新中村化學工業製造);SPC-1000、SPC-3000(以上為昭和電工公司製造)等。 [化8][化9][化10][化11]於本發明之聚合性組合物中,乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)之含量並無特別限定,相對於(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)及聚合起始劑(E)之合計100質量份,較佳為5~70質量份,更佳為10~50質量份,進而較佳為10~30質量份。於乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)之含量為上述範圍內之情形時,所獲得之硬化物之硬化性及遮光性優異,故而較佳。 例如於形成厚度1~3 μm之硬化膜之情形時,乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)之含量並無特別限定,相對於(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)及聚合起始劑(E)之合計100質量份,乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)較佳為10~70質量份,更佳為30~60質量份,進而較佳為30~50質量份。 <聚合起始劑(E)> 作為本發明之聚合性組合物所使用之聚合起始劑(E),可使用先前已知之自由基聚合起始劑。 上述自由基聚合起始劑係指光自由基聚合起始劑與熱自由基聚合起始劑。就反應性較高而言,更佳為光自由基聚合起始劑。 作為光自由基聚合起始劑,只要為藉由光照射而產生自由基者,則無特別限制,可使用先前已知之化合物,例如可例示苯乙酮系化合物、苯偶醯系化合物、二苯甲酮系化合物、9-氧硫系化合物及肟酯系化合物等作為較佳者。 作為苯乙酮系化合物,例如可列舉:二乙氧基苯乙酮、2-羥基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙烷-1-酮、4'-異丙基-2-羥基-2-甲基苯丙酮、2-羥基甲基-2-甲基苯丙酮、2,2-二甲氧基-1,2-二苯基乙烷-1-酮、對二甲胺基苯乙酮、對第三丁基二氯苯乙酮、對第三丁基三氯苯乙酮、對疊氮苯亞甲基苯乙酮、1-羥基環己基苯基酮、2-甲基-1-[4-(甲硫基)苯基]-2-啉基丙酮-1、2-苄基-2-二甲胺基-1-(4-啉基苯基)-丁酮-1、安息香、安息香甲醚、安息香乙醚、安息香異丙醚、安息香正丁醚、安息香異丁醚及1-[4-(2-羥基乙氧基)-苯基]-2-羥基-2-甲基-1-丙烷-1-酮等。 作為苯偶醯系化合物,可列舉苯偶醯等。 作為二苯甲酮系化合物,例如可列舉:二苯甲酮、鄰苯甲醯基苯甲酸甲酯、米其勒酮、4,4'-雙二乙胺基二苯甲酮、4,4'-二氯二苯甲酮及4-苯甲醯基-4'-甲基二苯基硫醚等。 作為9-氧硫系化合物,可列舉:9-氧硫、2-甲基9-氧硫、2-乙基9-氧硫、2-氯9-氧硫、2-異丙基9-氧硫、2,4-二乙基9-氧硫等。 肟酯系化合物係指具有上述通式(II)所表示之基之化合物,於上述光自由基聚合起始劑中,就感度良好而言,可較佳地用於本發明之聚合性組合物。 上述通式(II)中之R41
~R43
所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基分別與R1
~R38
所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基相同。 上述通式(II)中之R41
及R42
以及有改質R41
或R42
所表示之基之情形之含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基係與R10
~R38
所表示之含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基相同。 於具有上述通式(II)所表示之基之化合物中,就尤其感度較高而言,較佳為將下述通式(III)所表示之化合物用於本發明之聚合性組合物。 [化12](式中,R41
、R42
及m分別與通式(II)中之R41
、R42
及m相同, R51
及R52
分別獨立地表示直接鍵、氫原子、氰基、碳原子數1~20之烴基或含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基, X1
表示氧原子、硫原子、硒原子、CR53
R54
、CO、NR55
或PR56
, R53
~R56
分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳原子數1~20之烴基或含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基,R53
~R56
所表示之基中之氫原子亦有被取代為鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、羥基、羧基或含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基之情形, R51
~R56
所表示之基中之亞甲基亦有於氧不相鄰之條件下被取代為-O-之情形, R51
~R56
亦有分別獨立地與鄰接之任一苯環一起形成環之情形, G表示0~5之數, H表示0~4之數) 上述通式(III)中之R51
~R56
所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基分別與R1
~R38
所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基相同。 上述通式(III)中之R51
~R56
所表示之含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基與R10
~R38
所表示之含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基相同。 又,於本發明中,使用下述通式(IV)所表示之化合物作為聚合起始劑(E)就感度良好、顯影後之圖案對基材之密接性優異、進而低液晶污染性提高之方面而言較佳。 [化12A](R51a
及R52a
分別獨立地表示氫原子、氰基、碳原子數1~20之烴基或含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基, Ra
表示CRa1
Ra2
Ra3
, Ra1
、Ra2
及Ra3
分別獨立地表示氫原子、羥基、胺基、碳原子數1~20之烴基或含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基, X1a
表示氧原子、硫原子、硒原子、CR53a
R54a
、CO、NR55a
或PR56a
, R53a
~R56a
分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳原子數1~20之烴基或含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基, Ra1
~Ra3
及R53a
~R56a
所表示之基中之氫原子亦有被取代為鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、羥基、羧基或含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基之情形, Ra1
~Ra3
及R51a
~R56a
所表示之基中之亞甲基亦有於氧不相鄰之條件下被取代為-O-之情形, R51a
~R56a
亦有分別獨立地與鄰接之任一苯環一起形成環之情形, g1表示0~5之數, h1表示0~4之數) 上述通式(IV)中之Ra1
~Ra3
及R51
~R56
所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基分別與R1
~R38
所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基相同。 上述通式(IV)中之Ra1
~Ra3
及R51
~R56
所表示之含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基與R10
~R38
所表示之含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基相同。 作為較佳之聚合起始劑(E),例如可列舉下述所示之化合物No.E1~No.E15,作為上述通式(III)所表示之化合物,例如可列舉下述所示之化合物No.E1及No.E3~No.E15。作為上述通式(IV)所表示之化合物,例如可列舉下述所示之化合物No.E2。但是,本發明中使用之聚合起始劑(E)並不受以下之化合物任何限制。 [化13][化14]作為其他自由基聚合起始劑,可列舉:2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基二苯基氧化膦等氧化膦系化合物及雙(環戊二烯基)-雙[2,6-二氟-3-(pyl-1-基)]鈦等二茂鈦系化合物等。 作為市售之自由基起始劑,可列舉:Adeka Optomer N-1414、N-1717、N-1919、Adeka Arkls NCI-831、NCI-930(以上為ADEKA製造);IRGACURE184、IRGACURE369、IRGACURE651、IRGACURE907、IRGACURE OXE 01、IRGACURE OXE 02、IRGACURE784(以上為BASF製造);TR-PBG-304、TR-PBG-305、TR-PBG-309及TR-PBG-314(以上為Tronly製造)等。 作為熱自由基聚合起始劑,只要為藉由加熱而產生自由基者,則無特別限制,可使用先前已知之化合物,例如可例示偶氮系化合物、過氧化物及過硫酸鹽等作為較佳者。 作為偶氮系化合物,可列舉:2,2'-偶氮二異丁腈、2,2'-偶氮雙(異丁酸甲酯)、2,2'-偶氮雙-2,4-二甲基戊腈、1,1'-偶氮二(1-乙醯氧基-1-苯基乙烷)等。 作為過氧化物,可列舉:過氧化苯甲醯、過氧化二第三丁基苯甲醯、過氧化特戊酸第三丁酯及過氧化二碳酸二(4-第三丁基環己基)酯等。 作為過硫酸鹽,可列舉:過硫酸銨、過硫酸鈉及過硫酸鉀等過硫酸鹽等。 於上述聚合起始劑(E)中,具有羥基之聚合起始劑就可提供液晶污染性較低、電氣特性優異之顯示器顯示裝置而言尤佳。 於上述聚合起始劑(E)中,於通式(II)中,R41
較佳為碳原子數1~10之烷基或碳原子數4~10之環烷基。 又,於上述聚合起始劑(E)中,於通式(II)中,R42
較佳為碳原子數1~10之烷基或碳原子數6~10之芳基。 於上述聚合起始劑(E)中,於上述通式(III)中,X1
較佳為硫原子。 又,於上述聚合起始劑(E)中,於上述通式(III)中,較佳為g為1,且R51
為碳數1~10之烷基。該烷基之末端氫原子較佳為被取代為羥基,該烷基中之亞甲基亦較佳為被取代為-O-。 於上述聚合起始劑(E)中,於上述通式(IV)中,X1a
較佳為硫原子。 又,於上述聚合起始劑(E)中,於上述通式(IV)中,較佳為g1為1,且R51a
為碳數1~10之烷基。該烷基之末端氫原子較佳為被取代為羥基,該烷基中之亞甲基亦較佳為被取代為-O-。 又,於上述聚合起始劑(E)中,於上述通式(IV)中,較佳為Ra1
~Ra3
之至少一者為含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基。 又,於上述聚合起始劑(E)中,於上述通式(IV)中,較佳為Ra1
~Ra3
之至少一者為碳數1~10之烷基。 進而,於上述聚合起始劑(E)中,於上述通式(IV)中,較佳為Ra1
為含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基,Ra2
及Ra3
分別獨立為碳數1~10之烷基。 上述聚合起始劑(E)可將此前所例示之一種或2種以上混合而使用。 於本發明之聚合性組合物中,上述聚合起始劑(E)之含量並無特別限定,相對於(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)及聚合起始劑(E)之合計100質量份,就硬化性良好而言,較佳為0.3~20質量份,更佳為0.5~10質量份,更佳為3~8質量份。於聚合性化合物(B)之含量為上述範圍內之情形時,可獲得硬化性良好且不伴有聚合起始劑之析出、保存穩定性優異之聚合性組合物,故而較佳。 例如於形成厚度2~5 μm之硬化膜之情形時,聚合起始劑(E)之含量並無特別限定,相對於(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)及聚合起始劑(E)之合計100質量份,較佳為0.3~20質量份,更佳為0.5~10質量份,更佳為3~8質量份。 於本發明之聚合性組合物中可進而添加溶劑。作為該溶劑,通常可視需要使用能夠將上述各成分((甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)及聚合起始劑(E)等)溶解或分散之溶劑。例如可列舉:甲基乙基酮、甲基戊基酮、二乙基酮、丙酮、甲基異丙基酮、甲基異丁基酮、環己酮及2-庚酮等酮類;乙醚、二㗁烷、四氫呋喃、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、1,2-二乙氧基乙烷及二丙二醇二甲醚等醚系溶劑;乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸正丙酯、乙酸異丙酯、乙酸正丁酯、乙酸環己酯、乳酸乙酯、琥珀酸二甲酯及Texanol等酯系溶劑;乙二醇單甲醚及乙二醇單乙醚等溶纖劑系溶劑;甲醇、乙醇、異或正丙醇、異或正丁醇及戊醇等醇系溶劑;乙二醇單甲基乙酸酯、乙二醇單乙基乙酸酯、丙二醇-1-單甲醚(PGM)、丙二醇-1-單甲醚-2-乙酸酯(PGMEA)、二丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、3-甲氧基乙酸丁酯及乙氧基丙酸乙酯等醚酯系溶劑;苯、甲苯及二甲苯等BTX系溶劑;己烷、庚烷、辛烷及環己烷等脂肪族烴系溶劑;松節油、D-檸檬烯及蒎烯等萜烯系烴油;礦油精、Swasol #310(以上為Cosmo Matsuyama Oil製造);及Solvesso #100(以上為Exxon Chemical製造)等石蠟系溶劑;四氯化碳、氯仿、三氯乙烯、二氯甲烷及1,2-二氯乙烷等鹵代脂肪族烴系溶劑;氯苯等鹵代芳香族烴系溶劑;卡必醇系溶劑、苯胺、三乙胺、吡啶、乙酸、乙腈、二硫化碳、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、N-甲基吡咯啶酮、二甲基亞碸及水等,該等溶劑可作為1種或2種以上之混合溶劑而使用。於該等中,就於聚合性組合物中抗蝕劑與聚合起始劑之相溶性良好而言,較佳為酮類及醚酯系溶劑等,尤佳為PGMEA及環己酮等。 於本發明之聚合性組合物中,上述溶劑之含量並無特別限定,較佳為於聚合性組合物總量100質量%中成為30~95質量%,更佳為50~95質量%。 於溶劑之含量為上述範圍之情形時,成為處理性(聚合性組合物之黏度或潤濕性)、乾燥時之不均之降低及液體穩定性(不伴有組合物中所含之成分之析出或沈澱)優異之聚合性組合物,於獲得硬化物時可適當地控制硬化物之厚度,故而較佳。 於本發明之聚合性組合物中,可視需要進而添加環氧化合物、鹼顯影性賦予劑、分散劑、潛伏性添加劑、有機聚合物、無機化合物、偶合劑、鏈轉移劑、增感劑、界面活性劑及三聚氰胺化合物、對大茴香醚、對苯二酚、鄰苯二酚、第三丁基鄰苯二酚及啡噻等熱聚合抑制劑;塑化劑;接著促進劑;填充劑;消泡劑;調平劑;表面調整劑;抗氧化劑;紫外線吸收劑;分散助劑;防凝聚劑;觸媒;效果促進劑;交聯劑;增黏劑等常用之添加物。 作為上述環氧化合物,例如可列舉:甲基縮水甘油醚、2-乙基己基縮水甘油醚、丁基縮水甘油醚、癸基縮水甘油醚、C12~13混合烷基縮水甘油醚、苯基-2-甲基縮水甘油醚、鯨蠟基縮水甘油醚、硬脂基縮水甘油醚、甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯、異丙基縮水甘油醚、烯丙基縮水甘油醚、乙基縮水甘油醚、2-甲基辛基縮水甘油醚、苯基縮水甘油醚、4-正丁基苯基縮水甘油醚、4-苯基苯酚縮水甘油醚、甲酚基縮水甘油醚、二溴甲酚基縮水甘油醚、癸基縮水甘油醚、甲氧基聚乙二醇單縮水甘油醚、乙氧基聚乙二醇單縮水甘油醚、丁氧基聚乙二醇單縮水甘油醚、苯氧基聚乙二醇單縮水甘油醚、二溴苯基縮水甘油醚、1,4-丁二醇二縮水甘油醚、1,5-戊二醇二縮水甘油醚、1,6-己二醇二縮水甘油醚、新戊二醇二縮水甘油醚、1,1,2,2-四(縮水甘油氧基苯基)乙烷及季戊四醇四縮水甘油醚等縮水甘油醚化物;乙酸縮水甘油酯、硬脂酸縮水甘油酯等縮水甘油酯類;2-(3,4-環氧環己基-5,5-螺-3,4-環氧基)環己烷-間二㗁烷、亞甲基雙(3,4-環氧環己烷)、丙烷-2,2-二基-雙(3,4-環氧環己烷)、2,2-雙(3,4-環氧環己基)丙烷、伸乙基雙(3,4-環氧環己烷羧酸酯)、雙(3,4-環氧環己基甲基)己二酸酯、3,4-環氧環己烷羧酸3,4-環氧環己基甲酯、3,4-環氧基-1-甲基己烷羧酸3,4-環氧基-1-甲基環己酯、6-甲基-3,4-環氧環己烷羧酸6-甲基-3,4-環氧環己基甲酯、3,4-環氧基-3-甲基環己烷羧酸3,4-環氧基-3-甲基環己基甲酯、3,4-環氧基-5-甲基環己烷羧酸3,4-環氧基-5-甲基環己基甲酯、1-環氧基乙基-3,4-環氧環己烷、1,2-環氧基-2-環氧基乙基環己烷、二環氧化二環戊二烯、3,4-環氧基-6-甲基環己基羧酸酯、α-氧化蒎烯、環氧苯乙烷、環氧環己烷及環氧環戊烷等環氧環烷基型化合物及N-縮水甘油基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺等。 作為上述環氧化合物,亦可使用環氧化聚烯烴。環氧化聚烯烴係指利用含環氧基單體將聚烯烴改性而導入環氧基之聚烯烴。可藉由共聚法及接枝法之任一者使乙烯或碳數3~20之α-烯烴、含環氧基單體、及視需要之其他單體進行共聚而製造。乙烯或碳數3~20之α-烯烴、含環氧基單體及其他單體可分別單獨聚合,亦可以複數種與其他單體進行聚合。又,亦可藉由過乙酸法將於末端具有羥基之非共軛聚丁二烯之雙鍵進行環氧化而獲得,亦可使用於分子內具有羥基者。又,亦可利用異氰酸酯將羥基胺基甲酸酯化,於此處使含一級羥基之環氧化合物進行反應而導入環氧基。 作為上述乙烯或碳數3~20之α-烯烴,可列舉:乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、異丁烯、1,3-丁二烯、1,4-丁二烯、1,3-戊二烯、2,3-二甲基-1,3-丁二烯、戊二烯、3-丁基-1,3-辛二烯及異戊二烯等。 作為上述含環氧基單體,例如可列舉:α,β-不飽和酸之縮水甘油酯、乙烯基苄基縮水甘油醚及烯丙基縮水甘油醚等。作為α,β-不飽和酸之縮水甘油酯,具體而言,可列舉:丙烯酸縮水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯及乙基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯等,尤其較佳為甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯。 作為上述環氧化合物,亦可公共地使用市售品。作為較佳之市售品,例如可列舉:Epolight 40E、1500NP、1600、80MF、4000及3002(以上為共榮社化學製造);ADEKA Glycyrol ED-503、ED-503D、ED-503G、ED-523T、ED-513、ED-501、ED-502、ED-509、ED-518、ED-529、Adeka Resin EP-4000、EP-4005、EP-4080及EP-4085(以上為ADEKA製造);Denacol EX-201、EX-203、EX-211、EX-212、EX-221、EX-251、EX-252、EX-711、EX-721、Denacol EX-111、EX-121、EX-141、EX-142、EX-145、EX-146、EX-147、EX-171、EX-192及EX-731(以上為Nagase chemteX製造);EHPE-3150、Celloxide 2021P、2081、2000及3000(以上為Daicel公司製造);Epiol M、EH、L-41、SK、SB、TB及OH(以上為日油製造);Epolight M-1230及100MF(以上為共榮社化學製造);Aron Oxetane OXT-121、OXT-221、EXOH、POX、OXA、OXT-101、OXT-211及OXT-212(以上為東亞合成製造);Etanacoll OXBP及OXTP(以上為宇部興產製造);2-羥基乙基乙烯醚、二乙二醇單乙烯醚及4-羥基丁基乙烯醚(以上為丸善石油化學製造);Denacol EX-121、EX-141、EX-142、EX-145、EX-146、EX-147、EX-201、EX-203、EX-711、EX-721、Oncoat EX-1020、EX-1030、EX-1040、EX-1050、EX-1051、EX-1010、EX-1011及1012(以上為Nagase chemteX製造);OGSOL PG-100、EG-200、EG-210及EG-250(以上為Osaka Gas Chemicals製造);HP4032、HP4032D及HP4700(以上為DIC製造);ESN-475V(東都化成製造);Marproof G-0105SA及G-0130SP(以上為日油製造);Epiclon N-665及HP-7200(以上為DIC製造);EOCN-1020、EOCN-102S、EOCN-103S、EOCN-104S、XD-1000、NC-3000、EPPN-501H、EPPN-501HY、EPPN-502H及NC-7000L(以上為日本化藥製造)等。 上述鹼顯影性賦予劑係指不具有自由基聚合性且賦予鹼顯影性之化合物,作為此種化合物,只要為具有酸值而可溶於鹼性水溶液之化合物,則無特別限定,作為代表性者,可列舉鹼可溶性酚醛清漆樹脂(以下簡稱為「酚醛清漆樹脂」)。酚醛清漆樹脂係於酸觸媒之存在下使酚類與醛類進行縮聚而獲得。 作為上述酚類,例如可使用苯酚、鄰甲酚、間甲酚、對甲酚、鄰乙基苯酚、間乙基苯酚、對乙基苯酚、鄰丁基苯酚、間丁基苯酚、對丁基苯酚、2,3-二甲苯酚、2,4-二甲苯酚、2,5-二甲苯酚、3,4-二甲苯酚、3,5-二甲苯酚、2,3,5-三甲基苯酚、對苯基苯酚、對苯二酚、鄰苯二酚、間苯二酚、2-甲基間苯二酚、鄰苯三酚、α-萘酚、雙酚A、二羥基苯甲酸酯及沒食子酸酯等,該等酚類中較佳為苯酚、鄰甲酚、間甲酚、對甲酚、2,5-二甲苯酚、3,5-二甲苯酚、2,3,5-三甲基苯酚、間苯二酚、2-甲基間苯二酚及雙酚A等。該等酚類可單獨使用或混合2種以上而使用。 作為上述醛類,例如可使用甲醛、多聚甲醛、乙醛、丙醛、苯甲醛、苯基乙醛、α-苯基丙醛、β-苯基丙醛、鄰羥基苯甲醛、間羥基苯甲醛、對羥基苯甲醛、鄰氯苯甲醛、間氯苯甲醛、對氯苯甲醛、鄰硝基苯甲醛、間硝基苯甲醛、對硝基苯甲醛、鄰甲基苯甲醛、間甲基苯甲醛、對甲基苯甲醛、對乙基苯甲醛及對正丁基苯甲醛等,該等化合物中較佳為甲醛、乙醛及苯甲醛等。該等醛類可單獨使用或混合2種以上而使用。醛類係以相對於酚類每1莫耳,較佳為0.7~3莫耳,尤佳為0.7~2莫耳之比率而使用。 作為上述酸觸媒,例如可使用鹽酸、硝酸、硫酸等無機酸、或甲酸、草酸、乙酸等有機酸。該等酸觸媒之使用量較佳為相對於酚類1莫耳為1×10-4
~5×10-1
莫耳。於縮合反應中,通常使用水作為反應介質,於用於縮合反應之酚類未溶解於醛類之水溶液,自反應初期成為不均勻系之情形時,亦可使用親水性溶劑作為反應介質。作為該等親水性溶劑,例如可列舉:甲醇、乙醇、丙醇及丁醇等醇類、或四氫呋喃及㗁烷等環狀醚類。該等反應介質之使用量通常相對於反應原料100質量份為20~1000質量份。縮合反應之反應溫度可根據反應原料之反應性而適當調整,通常為10~200℃,較佳為70~150℃。於縮合反應結束後,為了去除存在於系內之未反應原料、酸觸媒及反應介質,一般使內溫上升至130~230℃,於減壓下將揮發物蒸餾去除,繼而使熔融之酚醛清漆樹脂流延至鋼製帶等上而進行回收。 又,於縮合反應結束後,亦可藉由將反應混合物溶解於上述親水性溶劑中,並添加至水、正己烷及正庚烷等沈澱劑中,而使酚醛清漆樹脂析出,將析出物分離,並進行加熱乾燥,藉此進行回収。 作為上述酚醛清漆樹脂以外之例,可列舉:聚羥基苯乙烯或其衍生物、苯乙烯-順丁烯二酸酐共聚物及聚羥基苯甲酸乙烯酯等。 作為上述分散劑,只要為可使著色劑(B)分散、穩定化者,則可為任意者,可使用市售之分散劑、例如BYK-Chemie製造之BYK series等,較佳為使用包含具有鹼性官能基之聚酯、聚醚、聚胺基甲酸酯之高分子分散劑、以及作為鹼性官能基而具有氮原子且具有氮原子之官能基為胺及/或其四級鹽且胺值為1~100 mgKOH/g者。 上述潛伏性添加劑係指於常溫下於光曝光步驟及預烘烤步驟中不具活性,藉由於100~250℃下加熱、或於酸/鹼觸媒存在下於80~200℃下加熱而使保護基脫離從而活化者。作為藉由活化而獲得之效果,可列舉抗氧化、紫外線吸收、防污性、再塗佈性及密接性等。 作為上述潛伏性添加劑,可較佳地使用WO2014/021023號說明書所記載者。 作為上述潛伏性添加劑,可使用市售品,例如可列舉Adeka Arkls GPA-5001等。 作為上述有機聚合物,例如可列舉:聚苯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、聚(甲基)丙烯酸、苯乙烯-(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、乙烯-氯乙烯共聚物、乙烯-乙烯共聚物、聚氯乙烯樹脂、ABS樹脂、尼龍6、尼龍66、尼龍12、胺基甲酸酯樹脂、聚碳酸酯聚乙烯醇縮丁醛、纖維素酯、聚丙烯醯胺、飽和聚酯、酚樹脂、苯氧基樹脂、聚醯胺醯亞胺樹脂、聚醯胺酸樹脂、環氧樹脂等,於該等中,較佳為聚苯乙烯、(甲基)丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、環氧樹脂。 藉由與上述鹼顯影性化合物(C)一起使用上述有機聚合物,亦可改善硬化物之特性。 於使用有機聚合物之情形時,其使用量係相對於上述鹼顯影性化合物(C)100質量份,較佳為10~500質量份。 亦可含有上述無機化合物。作為該無機化合物,例如可列舉:氧化鎳、氧化鐵、氧化銥、氧化鈦、氧化鋅、氧化鎂、氧化鈣、氧化鉀、二氧化矽及氧化鋁等金屬氧化物;層狀黏土礦物、米洛麗藍、碳酸鈣、碳酸鎂、鈷系、錳系、玻璃粉末、雲母、滑石、高嶺土、亞鐵氰化物、各種金屬硫酸鹽、硫化物、硒化物、矽酸鋁、矽酸鈣、氫氧化鋁、鉑、金、銀及銅等,於該等中,較佳為氧化鈦、二氧化矽、層狀黏土礦物、及銀等。 藉由使本發明之聚合性組合物中含有無機化合物,可用作感光性膏組合物。該感光性膏組合物係用以形成電漿顯示器面板之間隔壁圖案、介電體圖案、電極圖案及黑矩陣圖案等煅燒物圖案。 又,該等無機化合物例如亦較佳地用作填充劑、抗反射劑、導電劑、穩定劑、阻燃劑、機械強度提高劑、特殊波長吸收劑及抗墨劑等。 於本發明之聚合性組合物中添加無機化合物之情形時,無機化合物之含量相對於上述鹼顯影性化合物(C)100質量份,較佳為0.1~50質量份,更佳為0.5~20質量份,該等無機化合物可使用1種或2種以上。 作為上述偶合劑,例如可使用:二甲基二甲氧基矽烷、二甲基二乙氧基矽烷、甲基乙基二甲氧基矽烷、甲基乙基二乙氧基矽烷、甲基三甲氧基矽烷、甲基三乙氧基矽烷、乙基三甲氧基矽烷、乙基三甲氧基矽烷等烷基官能性烷氧基矽烷;乙烯基三氯矽烷、乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷、乙烯基三乙氧基矽烷、烯丙基三甲氧基矽烷等烯基官能性烷氧基矽烷;3-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、3-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基甲基二乙氧基矽烷、3-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、2-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷等(甲基)丙烯酸酯官能性烷氧基矽烷;γ-縮水甘油氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-縮水甘油氧基丙基甲基二乙氧基矽烷、β-(3,4-環氧環己基)乙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-(3,4-環氧環己基)丙基三甲氧基矽烷等環氧基官能性烷氧基矽烷;N-β(胺基乙基)-γ-胺基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-胺基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、N-苯基-γ-胺基丙基三甲氧基矽烷等胺基官能性烷氧基矽烷;γ-巰基丙基三甲氧基矽烷等巰基官能性烷氧基矽烷;3-異氰酸基丙基三乙氧基矽烷等異氰酸基官能性烷氧基矽烷;3-脲基丙基三烷氧基矽烷等脲基官能性烷氧基矽烷;異氰尿酸三-(三甲氧基矽烷基丙基)酯等異氰尿酸酯官能性烷氧基矽烷;四異丙醇鈦、四正丁醇鈦等烷醇鈦類;二辛氧基鈦雙(辛二醇)、二異丙醇鈦雙(乙醯乙酸乙酯)等鈦螯合物類;四乙醯丙酮酸鋯、單乙醯丙酮酸三丁氧基鋯等鋯螯合物類;單硬脂酸三丁氧基鋯等醯化鋯類;甲基三異氰酸基矽烷等異氰酸基矽烷類等。 藉由添加偶合劑,可提高硬化物與基材間之密接性,因此較佳。 作為上述偶合劑,可使用市售品,例如可列舉:KA-1003、KBM-1003、KBE-1003、KBM-303、KBM-403、KBE-402、KBE-403、KBM-1403、KBM-502、KBM-503、KBE-502、KBE-503、KBM-5103、KBM-602、KBM-603、KBE-603、KBM-903、KBE-903、KBE-9103、KBM-573、KBM-575、KBM-6123、KBE-585、KBM-703、KBM-802、KBM-803、KBE-846、KBE-9007、KBM-04、KBE-04、KBM-13、KBE-13、KBE-22、KBE-103、HMDS-3、KBM-3063、KBM-3103C、KPN-3504及KF-99(以上為Shin-Etsu Silicones製造)等。 作為上述鏈轉移劑及增感劑,一般使用含硫原子之化合物。例如可列舉:硫代乙醇酸、硫代蘋果酸、硫代水楊酸、2-巰基丙酸、3-巰基丙酸、3-巰基丁酸、N-(2-巰基丙醯基)甘胺酸、2-巰基煙鹼酸、3-[N-(2-巰基乙基)胺甲醯基]丙酸、3-[N-(2-巰基乙基)胺基]丙酸、N-(3-巰基丙醯基)丙胺酸、2-巰基乙磺酸、3-巰基丙磺酸、4-巰基丁磺酸、十二烷基(4-甲硫基)苯醚、2-巰基乙醇、3-巰基-1,2-丙二醇、1-巰基-2-丙醇、3-巰基-2-丁醇、巰基苯酚、2-巰基乙胺、2-巰基咪唑、2-巰基苯并咪唑、2-巰基-3-吡啶醇、2-巰基苯并噻唑、巰基乙酸、三羥甲基丙烷三(3-巰基丙酸酯)及季戊四醇四(3-巰基丙酸酯)等巰基化合物;將該巰基化合物氧化而獲得之二硫醚化合物、碘乙酸、碘丙酸、2-碘乙醇、2-碘乙磺酸及3-碘丙磺酸等碘化烷基化合物;三羥甲基丙烷三(3-巰基異丁酸酯)、丁二醇雙(3-巰基異丁酸酯)、己二硫醇、癸二硫醇、1,4-二甲基巰基苯、丁二醇雙硫代丙酸酯、丁二醇雙巰基乙酸酯、乙二醇雙巰基乙酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三巰基乙酸酯、丁二醇雙硫代丙酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三硫代丙酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三巰基乙酸酯、季戊四醇四硫代丙酸酯、季戊四醇四巰基乙酸酯、三羥基乙基三硫代丙酸酯、下述化合物No.C1、昭和電工公司製造之Karenz PE1及NR1等。 [化15]作為上述界面活性劑,可使用全氟烷基磷酸酯、全氟烷基羧酸鹽等氟界面活性劑、高級脂肪酸鹼金屬鹽、烷基磺酸鹽、烷基硫酸鹽等陰離子系界面活性劑、高級胺氫鹵酸鹽、四級銨鹽等陽離子系界面活性劑、聚乙二醇烷基醚、聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、山梨醇酐脂肪酸酯、脂肪酸單甘油酯等非離子界面活性劑、兩性界面活性劑及聚矽氧系界面活性劑等界面活性劑,該等亦可組合而使用。 作為上述三聚氰胺化合物,可列舉(聚)羥甲基三聚氰胺、(聚)羥甲基甘脲、(聚)羥甲基苯并胍胺及(聚)羥甲基脲等氮化合物中之活性羥甲基(CH2
OH基)之全部或一部分(至少2個)經烷基醚化之化合物。此處,作為構成烷基醚之烷基,可列舉甲基、乙基及丁基,可相互相同,亦可不同。又,未經烷基醚化之羥甲基可於一分子內自縮合,亦可於兩分子間縮合,結果形成低聚物成分。具體而言,可使用六甲氧基甲基三聚氰胺、六丁氧基甲基三聚氰胺、四甲氧基甲基甘脲及四丁氧基甲基甘脲等。於該等中,較佳為六甲氧基甲基三聚氰胺及六丁氧基甲基三聚氰胺等經烷基醚化之三聚氰胺。 於本發明之聚合性組合物中,(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)及聚合起始劑(E)、溶劑及無機化合物以外之任意成分之含量係根據其使用目的而適當選擇,於無損本發明之效果之範圍內,並無特別限制,較佳為相對於(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)及聚合起始劑(E)之合計100質量份,合計為20質量份以下。 本發明之BCS用感光性組合物係含有(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)及聚合起始劑(E)作為必需成分、具有感光性及鹼顯影性且尤其適於形成BCS之組合物。 本發明之聚合性組合物或BCS用感光性組合物以及硬化物可用於硬化性塗料、清漆、硬化性接著劑、印刷基板、顯示器顯示裝置(彩色電視、PC監視器、攜帶型資訊終端及數位相機等彩色顯示之液晶表示面板中之彩色濾光片、各種顯示用途用之彩色濾光片、CCD影像感測器之彩色濾光片、觸控面板、電致發光顯示裝置、電漿顯示面板、有機EL之黑色間隔壁)、粉末塗層、印刷墨水、印刷版、接著劑、膠塗層、電子工學用光阻劑、電鍍阻劑、蝕刻阻劑、阻焊劑、絕緣膜、黑矩陣、及於LCD之製造步驟中用以形成構造之抗蝕劑、用以封入電氣及電子零件之組合物、阻焊劑、磁記錄材料、微小機械零件、波導、光開關、鍍覆用遮罩、蝕刻遮罩、彩色試驗系、玻璃纖維纜線塗層、網版印刷用模板、用於藉由立體微影製造三次元物體之材料、全像記錄用材料、圖像記錄材料、微細電子電路、脫色材料、用於圖像記錄材料之脫色材料、使用微膠囊之圖像記錄材料用脫色材料、印刷配線板用光阻劑材料、UV(ultraviolet,紫外線)及可見雷射直接圖像系用光阻劑材料、用於印刷電路基板之逐次積層中之介電體層形成之光阻劑材料及保護膜等各種用途,該用途並無特別限制,於上述用途中,尤其較佳地用於顯示器顯示裝置。 本發明之顯示器顯示裝置除具備本發明之硬化物(尤其是BCS)以外,與先前公知之顯示裝置為相同之構成,BCS較良好的是設置於單元與單元之間。 於使用本發明之聚合性組合物作為有機EL之黑色間隔壁之情形時,就圖案形狀之垂直化、顯影密接性之提高、耐熱性提高而言,較佳為使用重量平均分子量5000以上之鹼顯影性化合物,進而較佳為使用重量平均分子量7000~15000之鹼顯影性化合物。進而,尤佳為鹼顯影性化合物為具有藉由環氧加成化合物與多元酸酐之酯化反應而獲得之結構的不飽和化合物之情形,該環氧加成化合物具有對上述通式(I)所表示之環氧化合物加成不飽和一元酸而成之結構。 以下對使用本發明之聚合性組合物及BCS用感光性組合物製造硬化物之方法進行詳細說明。 本發明之聚合性組合物及BCS用感光性組合物可藉由旋轉塗佈機、輥式塗佈機、棒式塗佈機、模嘴塗佈機、簾幕式塗佈機、各種印刷、浸漬等公知方法而應用於鈉玻璃、石英玻璃、半導體基板、金屬、紙、塑膠等支持基體上。又,亦可於暫時施加至膜等支持基體上後,轉印至其他支持基體上,其應用方法並無限制。 又,作為使本發明之聚合性組合物及BCS用感光性組合物硬化時使用之能量射線之光源,可利用超高壓水銀燈、高壓水銀燈、中壓水銀燈、低壓水銀燈、水銀蒸汽弧光燈、氙弧燈、碳弧燈、金屬鹵化物燈、螢光燈、鎢絲燈、準分子燈、殺菌燈、發光二極體、由CRT(cathode-ray tube,陰極射線管)光源等獲得之具有2000埃至7000埃之波長之電磁波能或電子束、X射線、放射線等高能量射線,較佳可列舉發出波長300~450 nm之光之超高壓水銀燈、水銀蒸汽弧光燈、碳弧燈、氙弧燈等。 進而,藉由將雷射光用於曝光光源,不使用遮罩而由電腦等之數位資訊直接形成圖像之雷射直接描繪法不僅實現生產性之提高,而且亦實現解像性或位置精度等之提高,因此有用,作為該雷射光,較佳地使用340~430 nm之波長之光,亦可使用準分子雷射、氮雷射、氬離子雷射、氦鎘雷射、氦氖雷射、氪離子雷射、各種半導體雷射及YAG(Yttrium Aluminium Garnet,釔鋁石榴石)雷射等發出可見至紅外區域之光者。於使用該等雷射之情形時,添加吸收可見至紅外之該區域之增感色素。 本發明之硬化物作為BCS尤其有用。BCS係藉由如下步驟而較佳地形成,即:(1)於基板上形成本發明之BCS用感光性組合物之塗膜;(2)隔著具有特定之圖案形狀之遮罩對該塗膜照射放射線;(3)曝光後之烘烤步驟;(4)使曝光後之該覆膜顯影;(5)對顯影後之該覆膜進行加熱。 作為上述遮罩,亦可使用半色調遮罩或灰度遮罩等多階遮罩。 本發明之顯示器顯示裝置除了具備本發明之硬化物(尤其是BCS)以外,與先前公知之顯示裝置為相同之構成,BCS較良好的是設置於單元與單元之間。 實施例 以下,列舉實施例及比較例進而詳細地說明本發明,但本發明並不受該等實施例等限定。 [製造例1]內醯胺黑分散液B-1之製備 將有機系黑色顏料(作為內醯胺黑之Black 582,BASF公司製造)、分散劑(BYK-167)及用於分散物之聚合物(下述鹼顯影性化合物PGMEA溶液C-1)分別以16質量份、3.2質量份及3.6質量份進行混合,其後以固形物成分濃度成為25質量%之方式稱量丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯(PGMEA)置於該混合物中,製成混合物。 於藉由攪拌器將上述混合物進行預混合後,以與分散物(溶劑:PGMEA除外)相同之重量添加直徑0.3 mm之氧化鋯珠,於25~60℃之溫度下歷時6小時施以利用塗料振盪機進行之分散物處理,其後使用過濾器去除氧化鋯珠,獲得分散液。於所獲得之分散液中追加PGMEA,以分散物濃度成為20質量%之方式進行調整,藉由攪拌器使其變得均勻後,獲得內醯胺黑分散液B-1。 [製造例2]苝黑分散液B-2之製備 將有機系黑色顏料[作為苝黑之C.I.顏料黑31(PalIogenBlackS0084,BASF公司製造)]、分散劑(BYK-167)及用於分散物之聚合物(下述鹼顯影性化合物PGMEA溶液C-1)分別以12質量份、3.6質量份及8質量份進行混合,其後以固形物成分濃度成為25質量%之方式稱量丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯(PGMEA)置於該混合物中,製成混合物。 藉由攪拌器將上述混合物進行預混合後,以與分散物(溶劑:PGMEA除外)相同之重量添加直徑0.3 mm之氧化鋯珠,於25~60℃之溫度下歷時6小時施以利用塗料振盪機進行之分散物處理,其後使用過濾器去除氧化鋯珠,獲得分散液。於所獲得之分散液中追加PGMEA,以分散物濃度成為20質量%之方式進行調整,藉由攪拌器使其變得均勻後,獲得苝黑分散液B-2。 [製造例3]內醯胺黑/苝黑共分散液B-3之製備 將上述內醯胺黑分散液B-1及苝黑分散液B-2分別添加50質量份,藉由攪拌器於室溫下攪拌2小時,獲得內醯胺黑/苝黑共分散液B-3。 [製造例4]碳黑分散液B-4之製備 將作為碳黑之MA100(三菱化學公司製造)20質量份、作為分散劑之BYK161(BYK-Chemie(BYK)公司製造)12.5質量份(固形物成分濃度40質量%)、作為溶劑之丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯67.5質量份進行混合,藉由珠磨機進行處理,而製備碳黑分散液B-4。 [製造例5]鹼顯影性化合物PGMEA溶液C-1之製備 添加1,1-雙[4-(2,3-環氧基丙氧基)苯基]茚滿184 g、丙烯酸58 g、2,6-二-第三丁基對甲酚0.26 g、溴化四正丁基銨0.11 g及PGMEA 105 g,於120℃下攪拌16小時。將反應液冷卻至室溫,添加PGMEA 160 g、二鄰苯二甲酸酐59 g及溴化四正丁基銨0.24 g,於120℃下攪拌4小時。進而,添加四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐20 g,於120℃下攪拌4小時、於100℃下攪拌3小時、於80℃下攪拌4小時、於60℃下攪拌6小時、於40℃下攪拌11小時後,添加PGMEA 128 g,獲得作為PGMEA溶液之鹼顯影性化合物C-1(Mw=5000,Mn=2100,酸值(固形物成分)92.7 mgKOH/g)。鹼顯影性化合物PGMEA溶液C-1中之鹼顯影性化合物之含有率為45質量%。 [製造例6]鹼顯影性化合物PGMEA溶液C-2之製造 添加9,9-雙(4-縮水甘油氧基苯基)茀75.0 g、丙烯酸23.8 g、2,6-二第三丁基對甲酚0.273 g、氯化四丁基銨0.585 g、及PGMEA 65.9 g,於90℃下攪拌1小時、於100℃下攪拌1小時、於110℃下攪拌1小時及於120℃下攪拌14小時。冷卻至室溫,添加琥珀酸酐25.9 g、氯化四丁基銨0.427 g、及PGMEA 1.37 g,於100℃下攪拌5小時。進而,添加9,9-雙(4-縮水甘油氧基苯基)茀30.0 g、2,6-二第三丁基對甲酚0.269 g、及PGMEA 1.50 g,於90℃下攪拌90分鐘、於120℃下攪拌4小時後,添加PGMEA 122.2 g,獲得作為PGMEA溶液之目標物之鹼顯影性化合物C-2(Mw=4190,Mn=2170,酸值(固形物成分)52 mg・KOH/g)。鹼顯影性化合物PGMEA溶液C-2中之鹼顯影性化合物之含有率為45質量%。 [實施例1~24及比較例1~4]聚合性組合物之製備 依照[表1]~[表4]之調配組成混合各成分,獲得聚合性組合物(實施例1~24及比較例1~4)。再者,表中之調配組成之數值表示質量份。 又,表中之各成分之符號表示下述成分。 A-1 UA-306H((甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物,共榮社化學公司製造) A-2 EBECRYL8810 (丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物,Daicel公司製造) B-1 內醯胺黑分散液B-1 B-2 苝黑分散液B-2 B-3 內醯胺黑/苝黑共分散液B-3 B-4 碳黑分散液B-4 C-1 鹼顯影性化合物PGMEA溶液C-1 C-2 鹼顯影性化合物PGMEA溶液C-2 C-3 SPRR-6X (鹼顯影性化合物,51.5質量%PGMEA溶液,昭和電工公司製造) C-4 SPC-3000 (鹼顯影性化合物,51.5質量%PGMEA溶液,昭和電工公司製造) C-5 CCR-1171H (鹼顯影性化合物;67質量%PGMEA溶液,日本化藥公司製造) D-1 Kayarad DPHA(丙烯酸系化合物,日本化藥) D-2 Kayarad R-684(丙烯酸系化合物,日本化藥) E-1 化合物No.E1 E-2 化合物No.E2 E-3 化合物No.E4 F-1 EHPE-3150(環氧化合物,Daicel公司製造) F-2 157S70(環氧化合物,三菱化學公司製造) F-3 JP-200(環氧化合物,日本曹達公司製造) F-4 γ-縮水甘油氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷(偶合劑) F-5 Karenz PE-1(硫醇化合物,昭和電工公司製造) G-1 PGMEA G-2 乙酸3-甲氧基丁酯 [由聚合性組合物所獲得之硬化物之評價] 根據下述順序,對由實施例1~24及比較例1~4之聚合性組合物所獲得之硬化物進行彈性模數回復率、遮光性(OD值)、介電常數、液晶污染性(VHR)之評價。將結果一併記載於[表1]~[表4]。 (彈性模數回復率) 藉由旋轉塗佈(3 μm厚,300 rpm×7秒)將實施例1~24之聚合性組合物及比較例1~4之比較聚合性組合物塗佈於玻璃基板上,於乾燥後於90℃下進行100秒預烘烤,去除溶劑後,使用光罩利用高壓水銀燈以100 mJ/cm2
進行曝光後,使用0.04 wt%KOH水溶液進行顯影,其後於230℃下加熱30分鐘,製作圖案。於所獲得之圖案之20 μm部分,使用島津公司之動態微小硬度計DUH-211,以40 mN荷重進行負載-卸載試驗。藉由下述計算式算出彈性模數回復率(%)。 彈性回復率(%)=[(回復距離/壓縮位移)×100] 彈性回復率(%)為60%以上之硬化物可用作BCS,彈性回復率(%)為70%以上之硬化物可較佳地用作BCS,彈性回復率(%)為80%以上之硬化物可尤佳地用作BCS。 (OD值) 將實施例1~24之聚合性組合物及比較例1~4之比較聚合性組合物旋轉塗佈(300 rpm、7秒)於玻璃基板上並使其乾燥後,於90℃下進行100秒預烘烤。於使用超高壓水銀燈作為光源進行曝光後,於230℃下烘烤30分鐘而製成硬化物。使用Macbeth透過濃度計測定所獲得之膜之OD值,將該OD值除以後烘烤後之膜厚,算出單位膜厚之OD值。 單位膜厚之OD值為1.0以上之硬化物可用作BCS,單位膜厚之OD值為1.5以上之硬化物可較佳地用作BCS,單位膜厚之OD值為2.0以上之硬化物可尤佳地用作BCS。單位膜厚之OD值未達1.0之硬化物無法用作BCS。 (相對介電常數) 將實施例1~24之聚合性組合物及比較例1~4之比較聚合性組合物旋轉塗佈(3 μm厚,300 rpm×7秒)於玻璃基板上並使其乾燥後,不於90℃下進行100秒預烘烤,且不使用遮罩而利用高壓水銀燈以100 mJ/cm2
進行曝光後,以230℃×180分鐘加熱,製成上述評價樣品。 (評價法) 針對上述評價樣品,使用LCR(inductance capacitance resistance,電感電容電阻)測定計、Agilent公司之4284A,施加AC 1 V、1 kHz而進行測定。 相對介電常數未達5.0之硬化物可用作BCS,相對介電常數為4.5以下之硬化物可較佳地用作BCS,相對介電常數為4.0以下之硬化物可尤佳地用作BCS。相對介電常數為5.0以上之硬化物無法用作BCS。 (VHR) 使用旋轉塗佈機將實施例1~24中所獲得之聚合性組合物及比較例1~4中所獲得之比較聚合性組合物塗佈於玻璃基板(100 mm×100 mm)上,於90℃下進行100秒預烘烤,形成膜厚3.0 μm之塗膜。繼而,使用鏡面投影對準曝光器(製品名:TME-150RTO,Topcon股份有限公司製造),不隔著遮罩而以照射量200 mJ/cm2
對塗膜照射紫外線。其後,於230℃下進行30分鐘後烘烤。 將後烘烤後之塗膜之1質量份與40質量份之ADEKA公司製造之液晶「RS-182」混合,於120℃下保存1小時。於室溫下將其取出並靜置後,採集上清液。針對所採集之液晶組合物,比較混合上述液晶之前後之VHR(電壓保持率),求出VHR之降低率,根據下述基準進行評價。評價係將液晶組合物注入至液晶評價用TN單元(單元厚5 μm,電極面積8 mm×8 mm配向膜JALS2096),使用VHR-1A(Toyo Corporation製造)測定VHR。(測定條件:脈衝電壓寬度60 μs,圖框週期16.7 ms,波高±5 V,測定溫度60℃) VHR為90%以上之硬化物可用作BCS,VHR為95%以上之硬化物可較佳地用作BCS,VHR為98%以上之硬化物可尤佳地用作BCS。VHR未達90%之硬化物無法用作BCS。 [表1]
[表2]
[表3]
[表4]
由[表1]~[表4]可知,由本發明之聚合性組合物及BCS用感光性組合物所獲得之硬化物以較高之等級滿足遮光性(OD值)、介電常數、低液晶污染性(VHR),且彈性模數回復率優異,因此作為BCS有用。 [產業上之可利用性] 由本發明之聚合性組合物或BCS用感光性組合物所獲得之硬化物係彈性回復率優異、介電常數較低且電氣特性良好之硬化物(尤其是BCS)。該硬化物對於顯示器顯示裝置等尤其有用。
Claims (9)
- 一種聚合性組合物,其含有(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)、著色劑(B)、鹼顯影性化合物(C)[但,(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)除外]、乙烯性不飽和化合物(D)[但,(甲基)丙烯酸胺基甲酸酯化合物(A)及鹼顯影性化合物(C)除外]及聚合起始劑(E)。
- 如請求項1之聚合性組合物,其中著色劑(B)為黑色顏料。
- 如請求項1之聚合性組合物,其中鹼顯影性化合物(C)係 具有藉由環氧加成化合物與多元酸酐之酯化反應而獲得之結構之不飽和化合物, 該環氧加成化合物具有對下述通式(I)所表示之環氧化合物加成不飽和一元酸而成之結構,(式中,M表示直接鍵、碳原子數1~20之烴基、-O-、-S-、-SO2 -、-SS-、-SO-、-CO-、-OCO-或選自下述式(a)、(b)、(c)或(d)所表示之群中之取代基, M所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基中之氫原子有被取代為鹵素原子之情形, R1 、R2 、R3 、R4 、R5 、R6 、R7 及R8 (以下亦記載為R1 ~R8 )分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳原子數1~20之烴基、或鹵素原子, R1 ~R8 所表示之基中之亞甲基有被取代為不飽和鍵、-O-或-S-之情形, n為0~10之數, 於n≧1之情形時,存在複數個之R1 ~R8 及M有分別相同之情形,亦有不同之情形)(式中,R9 表示碳原子數1~20之烴基, R10 、R11 、R12 、R13 、R14 、R15 、R16 、R17 、R18 、R19 、R20 、R21 、R22 、R23 、R24 、R25 、R26 、R27 、R28 、R29 、R30 、R31 、R32 、R33 、R34 、R35 、R36 、R37 及R38 (以下,亦記載為R10 ~R38 )分別獨立地表示氫原子、碳原子數1~20之烴基、含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基、或鹵素原子, R10 ~R38 所表示之基中之亞甲基有被取代為不飽和鍵、-O-或-S-之情形, R10 與R11 、R11 與R12 、R12 與R13 、R13 與R14 、R22 與R15 、R15 與R16 、R30 與R23 、R23 與R24 、R24 與R25 、R38 與R31 、R31 與R32 、R32 與R33 、R34 與R35 、R35 與R36 、及R36 與R37 有鍵結而形成環之情形, 式(a)、(b)、(c)及(d)所表示之基中之﹡表示鍵結鍵)。
- 如請求項1之聚合性組合物,其中聚合起始劑(E)係具有下述通式(II)所表示之基之聚合起始劑,(式中,R41 及R42 分別獨立地表示氫原子、鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、碳原子數1~20之烴基或含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基, R41 及R42 所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基或R41 及R42 所表示之含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基之氫原子有被取代為鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、羥基、胺基、羧基、甲基丙烯醯基、丙烯醯基、環氧基、乙烯基、乙烯醚基、巰基、異氰酸基或含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基之情形, R41 及R42 所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基或R41 及R42 所表示之含有雜環之碳原子數2~20之基中之亞甲基亦有被取代為-O-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-NR43 -、-NR43 CO-、-S-、-CS-、-SO2 -、-SCO-、-COS-、-OCS-或CSO-之情形, R43 表示氫原子、碳原子數1~20之烴基, m表示0或1, 式中之﹡表示鍵結鍵)。
- 如請求項1之聚合性組合物,其中聚合起始劑(E)係具有羥基之聚合起始劑。
- 一種黑柱間隔物用感光性組合物,其包含如請求項1之聚合性組合物。
- 一種製造硬化物之方法,其係使用如請求項1之聚合性組合物或如請求項6之黑柱間隔物用感光性組合物而製造硬化物。
- 一種硬化物,其係如請求項1之聚合性組合物或如請求項6之黑柱間隔物用感光性組合物之硬化物。
- 一種顯示器顯示裝置,其含有如請求項8之硬化物。
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