TW201728817A - 壁體結構 - Google Patents

壁體結構 Download PDF

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TW201728817A
TW201728817A TW106103457A TW106103457A TW201728817A TW 201728817 A TW201728817 A TW 201728817A TW 106103457 A TW106103457 A TW 106103457A TW 106103457 A TW106103457 A TW 106103457A TW 201728817 A TW201728817 A TW 201728817A
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layer
wall structure
sound
sound absorbing
thickness
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TW106103457A
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TWI631266B (zh
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薩穆 哈爾福斯
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弗拉瑪琍有限公司
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/046Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/02Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board the layer being formed of fibres, chips, or particles, e.g. MDF, HDF, OSB, chipboard, particle board, hardboard
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/047Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/14Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/065Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/06Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions for securing layers together; for attaching the product to another member, e.g. to a support, or to another product, e.g. groove/tongue, interlocking
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/32Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed at least two layers being foamed and next to each other
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/8218Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only soundproof enclosures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/74Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
    • E04B2/7401Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using panels without a frame or supporting posts, with or without upper or lower edge locating rails
    • E04B2/7403Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using panels without a frame or supporting posts, with or without upper or lower edge locating rails with special measures for sound or thermal insulation including fire protection
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/46Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose specially adapted for making walls
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/12Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
    • E04H1/14Telephone cabinets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/24Casings; Enclosures; Supports specially adapted for suppression or reduction of noise or vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/06Open cell foam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102Insulating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
    • B32B2307/72Density
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00Buildings or parts thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00Buildings or parts thereof
    • B32B2419/06Roofs, roof membranes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2607/00Walls, panels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

一種壁體結構,包含一第一消音層包含至少一層構製成能形成一隔音內表面及/或能消減聲音;一第一擋止元件包含至少一層構製成能阻擋聲音;一第二消音元件包含至少一層構製成能形成一隔音內表面及/或能消減聲音;及一第二擋止元件包含至少一層構製成能阻擋聲音;其中該第一和第二消音元件之層包含多孔及/或開放孔穴材料。

Description

壁體結構
發明領域 本申請案概有關於一種壁體結構。特別是,但非唯獨地,本申請案有關一種防音和隔音的壁體結構,尤其是用於較小空間者。
發明背景 本段示出有用的背景資訊,而非承認於此所述的任何技術係代表該領域的現況。
各種不同的壁體材料和結構曾被發展用於防音的目的。且,各種不同的隔音表面材料,譬如隔音面板和纖維等,亦曾被研發來改良一空間內的聲音品質或特性。
在小空間內,譬如在電話亭或用於開放式辦公室的會議室等,該防音和聲音品質是最重要的,且其控制有挑戰性,因為空間的限制。
用於防音和隔音的既有方案時常是昂貴的且難以組裝。又,它們常常須要許多空間而導致碩大又笨重的結構。
本發明的目的係要提供一種精小的防音壁體結構來消減習知技術的缺點,其亦能確保該防音空間內的聲音品質。
發明概要 本發明之舉例的不同態樣係被載明於申請專利範圍中。
依據本發明之一第一舉例態樣,係提供一種壁體結構,包含: 一第一消音元件包含至少一層構製成能形成一隔音內表面及/或能消減聲音; 一第一擋止元件包含至少一層構製成能阻擋聲音; 一第二消音元件包含至少一層構製成能形成一隔音內表面及/或能消減聲音;及 一第二擋止元件包含至少一層構製成能阻擋聲音;其中 該第一和第二層的消音元件包含多孔及/或開放孔穴材料。
該第一擋止元件的該至少一層可包含金屬。
該第一擋止元件的該至少一層可具有一在0.5至2mm之間的厚度,較好為1mm。
該第二擋止元件的該至少一層可包含選自下列組群的材料:合板、硬板、塑膠、複合物、金屬,及其之一組合物。
該第二擋止元件的該至少一層可具有一在5至15mm之間的厚度,較好為9mm。
該第一消音元件可包含一第一層含有多孔或開放孔穴材料,及一第二層含有多孔或開放孔穴材料。
該第一層的材料可具有一在50至250kg/m3 之間的密度,較好為150至250kg/m3 之間,又最好為約200kg/m3 ,且該第二層的材料可具有一在10至100kg/m3 之間的密度,較好為30至50kg/m3 之間,又最好為約40kg/m3
該第一層可具有一在5至15mm之間的厚度,較好為10mm,且該第二層可具有一在30至50mm之間的厚度,較好為40mm。
該第二消音元件可包含一第四層含有多孔或開放孔穴材料,及一第五層含有一空氣隙。
該第四層的材料可具有一在10至150kg/m3 之間的密度,較好為60至100kg/m3 之間,且最好為約80kg/m3
該第四層可具有一在20至40mm之間的厚度,較好為30mm,且該第五層可具有一在5至15mm之間的厚度,較好為10mm。
該壁體結構可更包含一框元件在該結構的兩端。
依據本發明之一第二舉例態樣,係提供一種電話亭,包含數壁含有本發明之第一舉例態樣的壁體結構。
依據本發明之一第三舉例態樣,係提供一種製造本發明的第一舉例態樣之壁體結構的方法,為: 提供該等框元件; 提供該第一消音元件; 提供該第一擋止元件; 提供該第二消音元件;及 提供該第二擋止元件。
本發明之不同的非限制舉例態樣和實施例已被示出於上。以上的實施例係僅用來說明可被利用於本發明之實施中的所擇態樣或步驟。有些實施例可僅參照本發明的特定舉例態樣來被呈現。應請瞭解對應的實施例亦可應用於其它舉例態樣。
較佳實施例之詳細說明 本發明及其潛在的優點可參閱圖1至6的圖式而被瞭解。於本文件中,相同的標號代表相同的部件或步驟。
圖1示出一作為舉例的電話亭之一原理圖,其中本發明之一實施例會被使用。該電話亭100包含數壁120及一門140。依據本發明之一實施例的壁體結構200(圖2)係例如被用於該電話亭100的壁120中。依據本發明之一實施例的壁體結構200係更被例如用作為在一既有的壁頂上之一附加結構,俾可增加該既有的壁所在之處的空間之隔音和消音效果。又,依據本發明的壁體結構200係例如被使用於車輛中,在引擎室中,及例如用於機器之各種不同的包封物、套罩或殼體中。
圖2示出一依據本發明之一實施例的壁體結構200之一截面的示意圖。所示的截面係沿垂直於該壁的方向,而該壁的內表面被示為較低,且外表面被示為較高。該壁體結構200包含一第一消音元件A,一第一擋止元件B,一第二消音元件C及一第二擋止元件D,其結構和功能將被說明於後。又,該壁體結構200包含一框元件10,在該結構的兩端。在一實施例中,該框元件10包含的材料譬如合板、硬板、塑膠、複合物、金屬或其之一組合。在一實施例中,該框元件10的材料具有某些特性,如後所述。
該壁體結構200在另一實施例中更包含支撐元件70、80等,在該壁體結構200的兩端。在一實施例中,該等支撐元件70、80包含的材料譬如合板、硬板、塑膠、複合物、金屬,或其之一組合。在另外的實施例中,該等支撐元件70、80係與該等框元件10成一體。
圖2更示出該壁體結構200之該等元件A、B、C、D的各層,構製成能提供隔音和防音效果。在一實施例中,該壁體結構200之該等元件的各層係以一傳統的方式彼此互相附接,例如使用膠劑。
由該壁體結構200的內表面開始,該壁體結構的第一消音元件A包含一第一或內表面層20a,構製成能提供隔音和防音效果。該第一層20包含多孔或開放孔穴材料,且係構製成能形成該壁之一隔音內表面而具有所需的聲音性質,即構製成能讓某些特定的聲音頻率通過,俾能改良該空間的聲音性質。該第一層20a包含的材料係能阻抗破裂且空氣可穿透,即可透氣。在一實施例中,該第一層20a包含的材料譬如毡、發泡橡膠、聚酯纖維、玻璃毛、岩石毛、礦物毛、帆布、帆布覆蓋的材料,或其之一組合。在一實施例中,該第一層20a的密度為50至250kg/m3 之間,較好為150至250kg/m 之間,且最好為約200kg/m3
該壁體結構200的第一消音元件A在該第一層20a之後更包含一第二或內消音層20b,構製成能提供該隔音及防音效果。該第二層20b包含多孔或開放孔穴材料,且係構製成能吸收並消減聲音。在一實施例中,該第二層20b包含的材料譬如毡、發泡橡膠、聚酯纖維、玻璃毛、岩石毛、礦物毛,或其之一組合。在一實施例中,該第二層20b的密度為10至100kg/m3 之間,較好為30至50kg/m3 之間,且最好為約40 kg/m3
該壁體結構200的第一擋止元件B在該第二層20b之後包含一第三或擋止層30,構製成能提供該隔音及防音效果。該第三層30包含構製成能阻擋聲音的材料。在一實施例中,該第三層30的材料包含金屬或中等密度纖維板(MDF)。在一實施例中,該第三層的材料具有一面積密度為5至15kg/m3 。在另一實施例中,該第三層30的材料包含鋼、鉛或銅。在一實施例中,該第三層30係中夾於該等支撐元件70、80之間,如圖1所示。
該壁體結構200的第二消音元件C於該第三層30之後包含一第四或外消音層40,構製成能提供該隔音及防音效果。該第四層40包含多孔或開放孔穴材料,且係構製成能吸收並消減聲音。在一實施例中,該第四層40包含的材料譬如毡、發泡橡膠、聚酯纖維、玻璃毛、岩石毛、礦物毛,或其之一組合。在一實施例中,該第四層40的密度為10至150kg/m3 之間,較好為60至100kg/m3 之間,且最好為約80kg/m3
該壁體結構200的第二消音元件C於該第四層40之後包含一第五或空氣層50,構製成能提供該隔音及防音效果。該第五層50包含一空氣隙,構製成能與該第四層一起形成一消音空氣隙,俾能消減聲音。
該壁體結構200的第二擋止元件D於該第五層50之後包含一第六或外層60,構製成能提供該隔音及防音效果。該第六層係構製成能形成該壁體結構200的外表面,且包含構製成能阻擋聲音的材料。在一實施例中,該第六層60包含的材料譬如合板、硬板、塑膠、複合物、金屬,或其之一組合。在一實施例中,該框元件60的材料具有某些特性,如後所述。在另一實施例中,該壁體結構200包含一或數個添加的空氣隙,構製成能在如前所述的元件之間來消減聲音。在又另一實施例中,該空氣隙50及/或另外的空氣隙等係構製成,除了消減聲音以外,能被用作供電配線及類似物的通道。
在一實施例中,例如該壁體結構200係被用於圖1的電話亭100時,該框元件10、該外層60和該等支撐元件70、80的材料包含具有某些特性的材料。在一實施例中,該材料具有一垂直於該表面的彈性模數大於約5500N/mm2 ,一平行於該表面的彈性模數大於約7000 N/mm2 ,及一撓曲強度大於約33 N/mm2
依據本發明之實施例的壁體結構200會提供一精小的尺寸,同時保有防音和聲音品質。因此,該壁體結構之各層的尺寸係被選成使該壁體結構200的厚度在50至150mm之間,較好為80至120mm之間,且又更好為約100mm。在一實施例中,作為舉例,該第一至第六層的厚度係如下
圖3示出一依據本發明之一實施例的壁體結構300之一截面的另一示意圖。該等框元件10、支撐元件70、80及第三至第六層30-60具有一如前參照圖2所述的結構。該壁體結構300的第一消音元件在其內表面包含一第一或內表面和消音層20,構製成能提供該隔音及防音效果,而取代如參照圖2所述的該第一層20a與第二層20b。
該第一層20包含多孔或開放孔穴材料,構製成能形成該壁的內表面而具有所需的聲音性質,即構製成能讓某些特定的聲音頻率通過,俾可改良該空間的聲音性質。又,該第一層20係構製成能吸收並消減聲音。在一實施例中,該第一層20a包含的材料係能阻抗破裂且空氣可滲透,即會透氣。在一實施例中,該第一層20a包含的材料譬如毡、發泡橡膠、聚酯纖維、玻璃毛、岩石毛、礦物毛,或其之一組合。在一實施例中,該第一層20a的密度係在10至250kg/m3 之間,且較好在30至200kg/m3 之間。
圖4示出一依據本發明之一實施例的壁體結構400之一截面的另一示意圖。該等框元件10、支撐元件70、80及第一至第三和第六層20a-30、60具有一如前參照圖2所述的結構。該壁體結構400的第二消音元件包含一第四或外消音層40’,構製成能提供該隔音及防音效果,並由該第三層延伸至第六層,即在該第四層40’與第六層60之間沒有空氣隙50(見圖2)。
該第四層40’包含多孔或開放孔穴材料,且係構製成能吸收並消減聲音。在一實施例中,該第四層40’包含的材料譬如毡、發泡橡膠、聚酯纖維、玻璃毛、岩石毛、礦物毛,或其之一組合。在一實施例中,該第四層40b的密度係為10至150kg/m3 之間,較好為60至100kg/m3 之間,且最好為大約80kg/m3
圖5示出一依據本發明之一實施例的壁體結構500之一截面的另一示意圖。該等框元件10、支撐元件70、80及第一至第六層20a-60具有一如前參照圖2所述的結構。該壁體結構500的第一消音元件A更包含另一層,或第二內消音層20c,介於該第一層20a與第二層20b之間,構製成能提供該隔音及防音效果。
該另一層20c包含多孔或開放孔穴材料,且係構製成能吸收並消減聲音。在一實施例中,該另一層20c包含的材料譬如毡、發泡橡膠、聚酯纖維、玻璃毛、岩石毛、礦物毛,或其之一組合。在一實施例中,該另一層20c的密度係為30至150kg/m3 之間,較好為50至100kg/m3 之間,且最好為大約75kg/m3
一專業人士會瞭解於前參照圖2至5所述的實施例之特徴可被組合成本發明的另外實施例,未示於圖式中,例如組合成一實施例使該壁體結構如參照圖2所述但沒有該空氣隙50。且,專業人士將會瞭解該壁體結構200、300、400、500的第一B及/或第二D擋止元件,在另一實施例中可包含數層來取代如前所述的單一層。例如,該第一擋止元件之該第三層30,比如一鋼板,在一實施例中包含一疊層結構具有數層。
又,專業人士會瞭解於前所述的壁體結構之使用並不限於垂直壁,而可輕易地應用例如用在水平結構中,譬如屋頂或地板。
圖6示出一種依據本發明之一實施例之製造一壁體結構的方法之流程圖。在步驟610時該框元件10會被提供。在步驟620時,具有該各層20a-60的元件A-D會被以一傳統的方式附接。
無意要限制後述之各請求項的範圍、詮釋、或應用,於此所揭之一或多個實施例的技術效果係要提供一種用於一較小空間的精小防聲結構。於此所揭之一或多個實施例的另一技術效果係要提供一壁之改良的防音。於此所揭之一或多個實施例的另一技術效果係要改良一較小空間的聲音品質而不犠牲防音性。
雖本發明的各種不同態樣係載述於獨立請求項中,但本發明的其它態樣包含來自所述實施例及/或該等獨立請求項之特徴與該等獨立請求項之特徴的其它組合,而不僅是明白地載述於該等請求項中的組合。
亦請注意雖以上描述本發明的實施例,但該等描述不應被視為限制之意。倒是,會有一些變化和修正可被作成而不超出如所附各請求項中所界定之本發明的範圍。
10‧‧‧框元件
20、20a‧‧‧第一層
20b‧‧‧第二層
20c‧‧‧另一層
30‧‧‧第三層
40、40’‧‧‧第四層
50‧‧‧第五層
60‧‧‧第六層
70、80‧‧‧支撐元件
100‧‧‧電話亭
120‧‧‧壁
140‧‧‧門
200、300、400、500‧‧‧壁體結構
610、620‧‧‧各步驟
A‧‧‧第一消音元件
B‧‧‧第一擋止元件
C‧‧‧第二消音元件
D‧‧‧第二擋止元件
為能更完全地瞭解本發明的實施例,現請配合所附圖式參閱以下的說明,其中:
圖1示出一其中使用本發明之一實施例的舉例電話亭之一原理圖;
圖2示出一依據本發明之一實施例的壁體結構之一截面的示意圖;
圖3示出一依據本發明之一實施例的壁體結構之一截面的另一示意圖;
圖4示出一依據本發明之一實施例的壁體結構之一截面的另一示意圖;
圖5示出一依據本發明之一實施例的壁體結構之一截面的另一示意圖;及
圖6示出一種依據本發明之一實施例來製造一壁體結構的方法之流程圖;
10‧‧‧框元件
20a‧‧‧第一層
20b‧‧‧第二層
30‧‧‧第三層
40‧‧‧第四層
50‧‧‧第五層
60‧‧‧第六層
70、80‧‧‧支撐元件
200‧‧‧壁體結構
A‧‧‧第一消音元件
B‧‧‧第一擋止元件
C‧‧‧第二消音元件
D‧‧‧第二擋止元件

Claims (14)

  1. 一種壁體結構,包含: 一第一消音元件包含至少一層構製成能形成一隔音內表面及/或能消減聲音; 一第一擋止元件包含至少一層構製成能阻擋聲音; 一第二消音元件包含至少一層構製成能形成一隔音內表面及/或能消減聲音;及 一第二擋止元件包含至少一層構製成能阻擋聲音;其中 該第一和第二消音元件中之層包含多孔及/或開放孔穴材料。
  2. 如請求項1之壁體結構,其中該第一擋止元件之該至少一層包含金屬。
  3. 如請求項2之壁體結構,其中該第一擋止元件之該至少一層具有一厚度在0.5至2mm之間,較好為1mm。
  4. 如任何以上請求項之壁體結構,其中該第二擋止元件之該至少一層包含選自下列組群的材料:合板、硬板、塑膠、複合物、金屬,及其之一組合。
  5. 如任何以上請求項之壁體結構,其中該第二擋止元件之該至少一層具有一厚度在5至15mm之間,較好為9mm。
  6. 如任何以上請求項之壁體結構,其中該第一消音元件包含一第一層包含多孔或開放孔穴材料,及一第二層包含多孔或開放孔穴材料。
  7. 如請求項6之壁體結構,其中該第一層的材料具有一密度在50至250kg/m3 之間,較好在150至250kg/m3 之間,而最好約為200kg/m3 ,且該第二層的材料具有一密度在10至100kg/m3 之間,較好在30至50kg/m3 之間,而最好約為40kg/m3
  8. 如請求項6或7之壁體結構,其中該第一層具有一厚度在5至15mm之間,較好為10mm,且該第二層具有一厚度在30至50mm之間,較好為40mm。
  9. 如以上任何請求項之壁體結構,其中該第二消音元件包含一第四層包含多孔或開放孔穴材料,及一第五層包含一空氣隙。
  10. 如請求項9之壁體結構,其中該第四層具有一密度在10至150kg/m3 之間,較好在60至100kg/m3 之間,且最好約為80kg/m3
  11. 如請求項9或10之壁體結構,其中該第四層具有一厚度在20至40mm之間,較好為30mm,且該第五層具有一厚度在5至15mm之間,較好為10mm。
  12. 如任何以上請求項之壁體結構,更包含一框元件在該結構的兩端。
  13. 一種電話亭,包含數壁含有任何以上請求項的壁體結構。
  14. 一種製造任何以上請求項之壁體結構的方法,係為: 提供該等框元件; 提供該第一消音元件; 提供該第一擋止元件; 提供該第二消音元件;及 提供該第二擋止元件。
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US11673370B2 (en) 2023-06-13
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