TW201630737A - 隔熱材及其製造方法 - Google Patents

隔熱材及其製造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201630737A
TW201630737A TW104129214A TW104129214A TW201630737A TW 201630737 A TW201630737 A TW 201630737A TW 104129214 A TW104129214 A TW 104129214A TW 104129214 A TW104129214 A TW 104129214A TW 201630737 A TW201630737 A TW 201630737A
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
resin
heat
insulating material
heat insulating
laminate
Prior art date
Application number
TW104129214A
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English (en)
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TWI627060B (zh
Inventor
Yoshiro Kurimoto
Original Assignee
Nichias Corp
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Publication of TWI627060B publication Critical patent/TWI627060B/zh

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Abstract

本發明係揭示一種隔熱材，其特徵為，由層合由耐熱性纖維所形成之纖維層的層合體所形成，前述纖維層係藉由熱硬化性樹脂而堅固，前述層合體不含或含有微量的具有比前述熱硬化性樹脂之耐熱溫度更低的耐熱溫度之熱塑性樹脂。

Description

隔熱材及其製造方法
本發明係有關隔熱材及其製造方法。
先前於使用前為了對應裝置形狀等而實施形狀切削加工，故要求相對於使用狀態具有高強度般之隔熱材，例如作為熱加壓、橡膠加硫機或射出成型機之隔熱材、衍生爐之爐體等之隔熱材，已知如，以普通水泥(portland cement)結合滑石粉與紙漿所得之隔熱材等(參考專利文獻1)。
但上述隔熱材僅以紙漿作為補強纖維，故加熱時機械強度較低及尺寸改變較大，使作為隔熱材用之韌性不足，因此既使切削加工性良好之物也易因高荷重或附加衝擊性荷重而發生龜裂或缺損等。
因此寄望於具有優良韌性、更高強度的同時，具有優良厚度精準度之隔熱材。
先前技術文獻 專利文獻
專利文獻1：特開昭61-109205號公報
發明之概要
有鑑於上述先前技術，本發明者們曾提供具有良好加工性，及優良耐熱性、機械強度、韌性等的同時，具有優良加工精準度及厚度精準度之隔熱材(特願2013-117843)。本發明之目的為，提供具有更優良耐熱性及耐磨損性之隔熱材及其製造方法。
為了解決上述技術課題經本發明者們專心檢討後發現，藉由減少隔熱材所含有之熱塑性樹脂可改善耐熱性及耐磨損性，基於該見解而完成本發明。
即，本發明係提供下述隔熱材及其製造方法。
1.一種隔熱材，其特徵為，由層合由耐熱性纖維所形成之纖維層的層合體所形成，前述纖維層係藉由熱硬化性樹脂而堅固，前述層合體不含或含有微量的具有比前述熱硬化性樹脂之耐熱溫度更低的耐熱溫度之熱塑性樹脂。
2.如1.所記載之隔熱材，其中前述層合體含有微量的熱塑性樹脂，熱塑性樹脂之含量為7質量%以下。
3.一種隔熱材之製造方法，其特徵為，包含使由耐熱性纖維所形成之薄片含浸熱硬化性樹脂而製作預浸物之預浸物製作步驟中，前述預浸物不含或含有微量的具有比前述熱硬化性樹脂之耐熱溫度更低的耐熱溫度之熱塑性樹脂 之預浸物製作步驟，及層合複數枚前述預浸物而製作層合體之層合體製作步驟，及以前述熱硬化性樹脂之硬化溫度以上的溫度，將前述層合體加壓成型之加壓步驟。
4.如3.所記載之隔熱材的製造方法，其中前述預浸物含有微量的熱塑性樹脂，熱塑性樹脂之含量為7質量%以下。
5.一種隔熱材，其特徵為，由層合由耐熱性纖維所形成之纖維層的層合體所形成，前述纖維層係藉由熱硬化性樹脂而堅固，前述層合體不含或含有微量的熱塑性樹脂，前述熱硬化性樹脂為由熱硬化性苯酚樹脂、環氧樹脂、三聚氰胺樹脂、脲醛樹脂、不飽和聚酯樹脂、醇酸樹脂、聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂、熱硬化性聚醯亞胺樹脂、聚矽氧樹脂中所選出的一種以上，前述熱塑性樹脂為由丙烯酸樹脂、聚乙烯醇、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、PET樹脂、PBT樹脂中所選出的一種以上。
本發明可提供具有優良耐熱性及耐磨損性之隔熱材及其製造方法。
圖1為，表示本發明之隔熱材製造用之預浸物的製造例之模式圖。
圖2為，表示由預浸物製造本發明之隔熱材的製造例之模式圖。
圖3為，表示實驗例1中，因熱塑性樹脂含量不同，而使耐磨損性不同之圖。
圖4為，表示實驗例1中，因熱塑性樹脂含量不同，而使加熱時之厚度變化之圖。
圖5為，表示實驗例1中，因熱塑性樹脂含量不同，而使加熱時之重量變化之圖。
實施發明之形態
本發明之隔熱材為，由層合由耐熱性纖維所形成之纖維層的層合體所形成，纖維層係藉由熱硬化性樹脂而堅固。又，本發明之隔熱材為，前述纖維層不含或含有微量的具有比前述熱硬化性樹脂之耐熱溫度更低的耐熱溫度之熱塑性樹脂。前述纖維層含有熱塑性樹脂時，熱塑性樹脂之含量較佳為7質量%以下，又以5質量%以下為佳，更佳為3質量%以下。
上述之「耐熱溫度」係指，可保持樹脂之物理性狀的上限溫度(例如樹脂材料發生軟化、變形之溫度，或樹脂材料發生熱分解之溫度等)。具體上耐熱溫度係指，就物理耐熱性之觀點為軟化溫度或玻璃化溫度等之 溫度，就化學耐熱性之觀點為加熱時發生重量減少等之溫度。更詳細而言，本發明之熱塑性樹脂與熱硬化性樹脂的耐熱溫度各自不同。本發明之熱塑性樹脂的耐熱溫度為，一定加熱條件(加熱時間、升溫速度)下軟化之軟化溫度，或切斷組成成分之鍵而使樹脂本身變質劣化之溫度的熱分解溫度(具體為一定比例(5%或10%)重量減少溫度、荷重變曲溫度、一定比例(例如2%)厚度變化率溫度、藉由樹脂材料之形狀(膨脹、裂紋、彎曲)或顏色之外觀判斷的溫度)。本發明之熱硬化性樹脂的耐熱溫度為，前述一定加熱條件下硬化之硬化溫度，或切斷組成成分之鍵而使樹脂本身變質劣化之溫度的熱分解溫度(具體為一定比例(5%或10%)重量減少溫度、荷重彎曲溫度、一定比例(例如2%)厚度變化率溫度、藉由樹脂材料之形狀(膨脹、裂紋、彎曲)或顏色之外觀判斷的溫度)。又特定時本發明之熱塑性樹脂及熱硬化性樹脂之耐熱溫度係指，一定時間加熱時重量減少10%以下之溫度。
因此本發明係藉由不含熱塑性樹脂或使熱塑性樹脂之含量為微量，以提高耐熱性、耐磨損性、強度(彎曲強度)。
就觀點具體而言為，隔熱材之纖維層含有一定量的，例如作為保形用之填劑或摻混劑用等，具有比熱硬化性樹脂之耐熱溫度更低的耐熱溫度之熱塑性樹脂時，高溫下易因熱塑性樹脂之可塑性而發生蠕變(材料變形)，再由蠕變所造成的疲倦而使構造強度弱化。
又，隔熱材作為例如模型裝置之隔熱板用時，模型裝置於加壓成型時會因加熱、加壓而使隔熱板蠕變，結果於隔熱板與模型裝置中被取附體之間產生間隙，而使模型裝置之壓力不安定化。
另外高溫化會使熱塑性樹脂熱分解，且該分解時的發熱會進一步促進分解。因該類熱分解會促使熱塑性樹脂消失，故易形成纖維層之接著強度弱化而成為纖維層解體之狀態，故而降低耐熱性、耐磨損性及進一步降低強度。
因此本發明之隔熱材可藉由不含熱塑性樹脂或含有微量之熱塑性樹脂的構成方式，抑制熱塑性樹脂降低隔熱材之耐熱性、耐磨損性、強度(變曲強度)。換言之，本發明之隔熱材可藉由不含熱塑性樹脂或含有微量之熱塑性樹脂的構成方式，以提高耐熱性、耐磨損性、強度(變曲強度)。
耐熱性纖維可使用具有耐熱性之無機纖維及/或有機纖維。無機纖維如，由玻璃纖維、二氧化矽纖維、氧化鋁纖維、模來石纖維、碳化矽纖維、石棉等中所選出的一種以上。有機纖維如，由芳香族聚醯胺、聚酯、聚乙烯、丙烯酯、人造絲、碳纖維等中所選出的一種以上。
熱硬化性樹脂如，由熱硬化性樹脂苯酚樹脂、環氧樹脂、三聚氰胺樹脂、脲醛樹脂、不飽和聚酯樹脂、醇酸樹脂、聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂、熱硬化性聚醯亞胺樹脂、聚矽氧樹脂等中所選出的一種以上。
熱塑性樹脂如，由丙烯酸樹脂、聚乙烯醇、 聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、PET(聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)樹脂、PBT(聚對苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)樹脂等中所選出的一種以上。又，上述熱塑性樹脂之耐熱溫度低於上述熱硬化性樹脂。
有鑑於上述熱塑性樹脂及熱硬化性樹脂，因此本發明可以，由層合由耐熱性纖維所形成之纖維層的層合體所形成，前述纖維層係藉由熱硬化性樹脂而堅固，前述層合體不含或含有微量的熱塑性樹脂，前述熱硬化性樹脂為由熱硬化性苯酚樹脂、環氧樹脂、三聚氰胺樹脂、脲醛樹脂、不飽和聚酯樹脂、醇酸樹脂、聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂、熱硬化性醯亞胺樹脂、聚矽氧樹脂中所選出的一種以上，前述熱塑性樹脂為由丙烯酸樹脂、聚乙烯醇、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、PET樹脂、PBT樹脂中所選出的一種以上般之方式構成。
隔熱材中纖維與熱硬化性樹脂所佔有之比例可為93質量%以上、95質量%以上、97質量%以上或99質量%以上。
本發明之隔熱材除了纖維與熱硬化性樹脂以外，可含有硬化劑、硬化促進劑、無機填充劑、觸媒等。
硬化劑(不含熱硬化性樹脂、熱塑性樹脂)如，六伸甲基四胺等之胺類，或有機過氧化物等之過氧化物等。
硬化促進劑如，磷系化合物、三級胺、咪唑、有機酸金屬鹽、路易斯酸、胺錯合鹽等中所選出的一種以上。
無機填充劑如，由二氧化矽、碳酸鈣等中所選出的一種以上。藉由含有無機填充劑可發揮補強效果，及易將密度、熱傳導率、蠕變性控制於所希望範圍內。例如隔熱材可以無機填充劑含量較佳為0~32質量%，又以5~20質量%為佳，更佳為7~15質量%之方式構成。
隔熱材中耐熱性纖維及熱硬化性樹脂之含量無特別限定。例如隔熱材可以耐熱性纖維含量為10~90質量%、20~80重量%或30~70質量%之方式構成。又，隔熱材可以熱硬化性樹脂含量為10~90質量%、20~80重量%或30~70質量%之方式構成。
本發明之隔熱材可由，由纖維層與非纖維層(例如含有金屬層)所形成之層合體構成，但較佳由僅纖維層層合所得之層合體(即不具有非纖維層之層合體)構成。又，前述非纖維層例如可由隔熱材(層合體)之保護用途(補強材、耐火材或耐水材等)之層構成，本發明之隔熱材可以不含外觀美化用途之美化板用紙(鈦紙等)之方式構成。又，層合體中各纖維層及各非纖維層之厚度可以均等或略均等方式構成，或以相異方式構成。
本發明之隔熱材可藉由，使耐熱性薄片(纖維製薄片)含浸熱硬化性樹脂以製作預浸物後，層合複數枚該預浸物以製作層合體，再以熱硬化性樹脂之硬化溫度以上的溫度將層合體加壓成型而得。又，薄片可含有熱塑性樹脂，或熱硬化性樹脂共同被含浸。
圖1為，表示製造本發明之隔熱材用的預浸 物之製造例的模式圖。
圖1所表示之例中，係藉由滾軸等由以回卷狀態保持耐熱性薄片1之支撐體H拉出耐熱性薄片1後，浸漬於填滿熱硬化性樹脂2之含浸槽T內使其含浸一定量之熱硬化性樹脂2，其後以乾燥機D進行乾燥，再以切斷機C切成一定尺寸，得目的之預浸物3。
本發明所使用之耐熱性薄片1為纖維布、紙、墊片等。纖維布可由玻璃纖維所織成。
紙可由抄造機製造。無機紙可由，散裝狀之無機纖維添加適當少之有機黏著劑後，藉由抄造機加工為紙狀而得。有機黏著劑可使用熱塑性樹脂(丙烯酸樹脂、聚乙烯醇等)及/或熱硬化性樹脂。較佳為熱硬化性樹脂。
無機紙中無機纖維之含有比例較佳為45~100質量%，又以74~94質量%為佳，更佳為82~88質量%。有機黏著劑之含有比例較佳為0~55質量%，又以6~26質量%為佳，更佳為12~18質量%。
紙之平均厚度一般為0.2~6mm。本發明中平均厚度係指，以游標或微計器測定位寬8處所之厚度所得的算術平均值。
紙之坪量一般為20~430g/m2。本發明之坪量為(g/m2)係指，基於JIS P 8124之規定算出之值。
墊片為纖維編織所得之物，例如可以針形穿孔機編織散裝狀之纖維加工為墊片狀而得。該墊片如，可僅由無機纖維構成(即無機纖維100質量%)，或以不含作 為保形用填劑等用之熱塑性樹脂之方式構成。無機纖維如，由玻璃纖維所構成。
墊片因表面具有凹凸，故層合時可增加相互間之糾結強度而為佳。又，可不使用黏著劑而得，故可降低成本。
墊片之平均厚度如2~20mm。墊片之坪量如100~4000g/m2。
耐熱性薄片1可同時含浸熱硬化性樹脂與硬化劑及硬化促進劑。又，熱硬化性樹脂可與無機填充劑同時被含浸。
耐熱性薄片1係由紙構成時，由紙所得之預浸物的坪量可為如30~690g/m2。
耐熱性薄片1係由墊片構成時，由墊片所得之預浸物的坪量可為如150~10000g/m2。
預浸物之坪量(g/m2)係指，由100cm四方型正方形狀之預浸物的質量(g)算出之值。
圖2為，表示由預浸物製造本發明之隔熱材的製造例之模式圖。
圖2所表示之例中，層合所希望之枚數的由耐熱性薄片含浸熱硬化性樹脂所形成之預浸物3以形成5個層合物L後，以各層合物間介有調距器之狀態使所得之5個預浸物的層合物L，重疊於加壓機P之加壓板間，再於構成預浸物之熱硬化性樹脂之熱硬化溫度以上的溫度條件下，加壓使每1枚預浸物之平均厚度成為所希望之厚度般進行熱壓加壓，可得目的之隔熱材4。
圖2所表示之態樣中，係以重疊5個上述層合物L之狀態進行熱壓加壓成型，但層合物L一般可以1~20個程度重疊之狀態進行熱壓加壓成型。
熱壓加壓成型用之預浸物的層合枚數無特別限制。薄片為紙時，厚度10mm平均如3~200枚。薄片為墊片時，厚度10mm平均如1~20枚。
又，熱壓成型前後之預浸物的壓縮率如15~50%、15~33%或21~29%。預浸物之壓縮率係由下述式算出。
壓縮率(%)=(熱壓成型後之每1枚預浸物之平均厚度(mm)/供給熱壓成型用之預浸物每1枚的平均厚度(mm))×100
熱壓加壓成型時之溫度為，構成預浸物之熱硬化性樹脂的熱硬化溫度以上之溫度，較佳如100~200℃，又以130~180℃為佳，更佳為145~155℃。
熱壓加壓成型時之加壓時間可為，能將構成預浸物之熱硬化性樹脂熱硬化之時間下無特別限制，較佳如30分鐘以上，又以60分鐘以上為佳，更佳為120分鐘以上。
熱壓加壓成型後所得之熱壓成型物於必要時可實施機械加工，又，必要時可加熱至適當之特定溫度進行後硫化。
以上述方法所得之隔熱材係由，以層合複數枚基材為耐熱性薄片之預浸物的狀態進行熱壓加壓成型所得，故推斷均質分散熱硬化性樹脂之預浸物於熱壓成型 時，可於抑制發生熱斑(加熱溫度不勻)的同時進行加壓成型。
因此該隔熱材比較含有同量之纖維及熱硬化性樹脂的隔熱材時，推斷可得高精準度之良好加工性，同時可發揮優良彎曲強度、韌性、厚度精準度等。
本發明的隔熱材的密度無特別限定。例如較佳以使隔熱材之密度為400~2000kg/m3，又以900~1250kg/m3為佳，更佳為1000~1100kg/m3之方式構成。
隔熱材之密度係指，藉由由長120mm×寬40mm×所得隔熱材之厚度切出的試驗片尺寸(m3)及重量(kg)求取之值。
本發明之隔熱材較佳為，具有空氣下以200℃加熱24小時時不會發生裂痕或缺損之耐熱性之物，更佳為具有以260℃加熱24小時時不會發生裂痕或缺損之耐熱性之物。
本發明之隔熱材較佳為，熱傳導率為0.25W/(m．K)以下之物，又以0.18W/(m．K)以下之物為佳，更佳為0.12W/(m．K)以下之物。
隔熱材之熱傳導率係指，以JIS A 1412-2：1999第2部熱流計法HFM法測定之值。
本發明之隔熱材較佳為，彎曲強度為30MPa以上之物，又以45MPa以上之物為佳，更佳為55MPa以上之物。
彎曲強度係指，基於JIS C2210-1975之纖維強化樹脂 的彎曲試驗測定之值。
本發明之隔熱材較佳為，藉由JIS K 6911測定時之查拜式衝擊值為10kJ/m2以上之物，又以15kJ/m2以上之物為佳，更佳為18kJ/m2以上之物。
藉由查拜式衝擊值為上述範圍內時，可發揮充分之韌性。
本發明之隔熱材較佳為，藉由游標測定任意8處所之厚度時，具有厚度差為±5mm以內之厚度精準度之物，又以具有厚度差為±3mm以內之厚度精準度之物，更佳為具有厚度差為±2.5mm以內之厚度精準度之物。
實施例
其次將舉實施例更具體說明本發明，但該例僅為例示，非限制本發明之例。
實施例1 (1)製作預浸物
使用圖1所示之裝置，由滾軸拉出卷附於支撐物H之耐熱墊片1(平均厚度6mm、平均寬1050mm、平均長30mm、密度120kg/m3)的同時，浸漬於填滿熱硬化性樹脂2之可溶酚醛型苯酚樹脂(熱硬化溫度150℃)的含浸槽T。耐熱性墊片1為，以針形穿孔機編織玻璃纖維所得之物。其後使用乾燥機D以60~130℃進行乾燥，其次使用切斷機C切斷，製作複數枚含有來自玻璃纖維製墊片之纖維 40質量%，及可溶酚醛型苯酚樹脂60質量%之片狀(板狀)預浸物3。
(2)製作隔熱材
(1)製作5個層合13枚(1)所得之預浸物3所得的層合物L後，如圖2所示，以各層合物間介有調距器之狀態下，將所得之5個層合物L重疊於加壓機P之加壓板間上，於150℃之溫度條件下熱壓加壓成型2小時(或200℃之溫度條件下1小時)，得片狀或板狀(例如長2000mm、寬1000mm、厚22mm)之隔熱材4。隔熱材4係以熱硬化性樹脂固化墊片之玻璃纖維，不含熱塑性樹脂。
所得之隔熱材4為，含有纖維40質量%及可溶酚醛型苯酚樹脂60質量%，密度為1050kg/m3，具有空氣下以200℃加熱24小時時不會發生裂痕或缺損之耐熱性，熱傳導率為0.12W/(m．K)，彎曲強度為60MPa，藉由JIS K 6911測定時之查拜式衝擊值為20kJ/m2，藉由游標測定任意8處所之厚度時具有厚度差為2mm以內之厚度精準度，具有切削加工時不會發生裂痕或缺損等而易加工之優良加工性及加工精準度之物。
實驗例1
本發明之隔熱材為藉由減少熱塑性樹脂之含量，得優良耐磨損性、耐熱性之事實可由該實驗例表示。
(1)製造隔熱材B
除了實施例1中，以含有16質量%之聚乙烯醚系合成樹脂(熱塑性樹脂，耐熱溫度未達150℃)與丙烯酸系合成樹脂(熱塑性樹脂，耐熱溫度未達150℃)的玻璃纖維製紙(平均厚0.78mm，坪量110g/m2)取代耐熱性墊片1外，與實施例1相同製作複數枚平均厚0.84mm、長2110mm、寬1050mm之預浸物。又，除了以層合57枚所得預浸物製作層合物L外，同實施例1得長2070mm、寬1020mm、厚12mm之隔熱材B。
所得之隔熱材B為含有42質量%之纖維、50質量%之可溶酚醛型苯酚樹脂，及8質量%之熱塑性樹脂。
(2)測定耐熱溫度
以下述方法測定隔熱材所使用之樹脂的耐熱溫度。使用汎用之烤箱等加熱機器及汎用之重量測定裝置，測定將樹脂材料加熱至一定加熱時間時該材料減少10%重量時之溫度作為耐熱溫度。又，使用TG(熱重量測定裝置)也可測定耐熱溫度。
(3)評估磨損性
下面將實施例1所得之隔熱材稱為隔熱材A。
240℃之環境下將隔熱材A、B加熱50小時及70小時。其後返回常溫測定磨損量。具體為，使用錐型磨損試驗裝置，以磨損輪接觸隔熱材後，相對於磨損輪回轉隔 熱材。因接觸磨損輪之部分會被削除，故測定試驗前後之隔熱材的重量變化，求取磨損量(g)。結果如圖3所示。
(4)評估耐熱性
將隔熱材A、B放入烤箱內，施加180℃下16MPa及200℃下15MPa之熱與壓力，測定厚度變化。結果如圖4所示。
又，測定將隔熱材A、B加熱至450℃後減少重量(%)。結果如圖5所示。
如圖3~圖5所示，隔熱材所含之熱塑性樹脂為8質量%以上時，會明顯降低隔熱材之磨損性、耐熱性(重量減少、厚度變化)，隔熱材所含之熱塑性樹脂較佳為至少7質量%以下。
產業上利用可能性
本發明之隔熱材可使用於熱加壓、橡膠加硫機或射出成型機之隔熱材、衍生爐之爐體等。
上面雖詳細說明幾個本發明之實施形態及/或實施例，但實質上業者於不背離本發明之新穎揭示及效果下，易多數變更該等例示之實施形態及/或實施例。因此該等多數變更也包含於本發明之範圍內。
又，接用本說明書所記載之文獻及與本申請同等優先基礎之日本申請說明書的內容。

Claims (5)

  1. 一種隔熱材，其特徵為，由層合由耐熱性纖維所形成之纖維層的層合體所形成，前述纖維層係藉由熱硬化性樹脂而堅固，前述層合體不含或含有微量的具有比前述熱硬化性樹脂之耐熱溫度更低的耐熱溫度之熱塑性樹脂。
  2. 如請求項1之隔熱材，其中前述層合體含有微量之熱塑性樹脂，熱塑性樹脂之含量為7質量%以下。
  3. 一種隔熱材之製造方法，其特徵為，包含使由耐熱性纖維所形成之薄片含浸熱硬化性樹脂而製作預浸物之預浸物製作步驟中，前述預浸物不含或含有微量的具有比前述熱硬化性樹脂之耐熱溫度更低的耐熱溫度之熱塑性樹脂之預浸物製作步驟，及層合複數枚前述預浸物而製作層合體之層合體製作步驟，及以前述熱硬化性樹脂之硬化溫度以上的溫度，將前述層合體加壓成型之加壓步驟。
  4. 如請求項3之隔熱材的製造方法，其中前述預浸物含有微量的熱塑性樹脂，熱塑性樹脂之含量為7質量%以下。
  5. 一種隔熱材，其特徵為，由層合由耐熱性纖維所形成之纖維層的層合體所形成，前述纖維層係藉由熱硬化性樹脂而堅固，前述層合體不含或含有微量的熱塑性樹脂， 前述熱硬化性樹脂為由熱硬化性苯酚樹脂、環氧樹脂、三聚氰胺樹脂、脲醛樹脂、不飽和聚酯樹脂、醇酸樹脂、聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂、熱硬化性聚醯亞胺樹脂、聚矽氧樹脂中所選出的一種以上，前述熱塑性樹脂為由丙烯酸樹脂、聚乙烯醇、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、PET樹脂、PBT樹脂中所選出的一種以上。
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