TW201304138A - 具有極佳穩定性的氮基半導體裝置 - Google Patents
具有極佳穩定性的氮基半導體裝置 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201304138A TW201304138A TW101122939A TW101122939A TW201304138A TW 201304138 A TW201304138 A TW 201304138A TW 101122939 A TW101122939 A TW 101122939A TW 101122939 A TW101122939 A TW 101122939A TW 201304138 A TW201304138 A TW 201304138A
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 56
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 224
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 108
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 87
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 86
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910000789 Aluminium-silicon alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RNQKDQAVIXDKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum gallium Chemical compound [Al].[Ga] RNQKDQAVIXDKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021478 group 5 element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RLWNPPOLRLYUAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[In+3].[Cu+2] Chemical compound [O-2].[In+3].[Cu+2] RLWNPPOLRLYUAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 aluminum germanium Chemical compound 0.000 claims 1
- CFJRGWXELQQLSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#N CFJRGWXELQQLSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZKEYULQFFYBZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum carbide Chemical compound [La].[C-]#[C] ZKEYULQFFYBZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZWOQODLNWUDJFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lanthanum Chemical compound [Al].[La] ZWOQODLNWUDJFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005533 two-dimensional electron gas Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNGCCWNRTBPYAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum tantalum Chemical compound [Al].[Ta] LNGCCWNRTBPYAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIXHRBFZLLFBFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium nitride Chemical compound N#[Ge]N([Ge]#N)[Ge]#N BIXHRBFZLLFBFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001451 molecular beam epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000927 vapour-phase epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
提供一種氮基半導體裝置。該氮基半導體裝置可包含鋁矽碳化物(AlSixC1-x)預處理層,並因此可舒解氮化物半導體層中由該基底與形成在該基底上的該氮化物半導體層之間的性質(例如,晶格常數和膨脹係數)的差異所引發的壓力。因此,裂縫在該氮化物半導體層中產生的發生率可最小化,以及該氮化物半導體層的表面粗糙性可改進,並且該氮基半導體裝置的穩定性及效能可改進。該氮基半導體裝置可包含等級AlGaN層,該等級AlGaN層的鋁(Al)含量從該基底逐漸減少,並且因此,裂縫在該氮化物半導體層中產生的發生率可最小化,而具有穩定結構的該氮化物半導體層於是形成。
Description
本發明是關於一種具有極佳穩定性的氮基半導體裝置,且尤是關於一種具有改良穩定性的氮基半導體裝置,其在氮化物半導體層中幾乎沒有裂縫並且具有極佳的表面粗糙性。
當資訊通訊技術在全世界均已相當程度地發展時,針對高速及大容量訊號通訊的通訊技術已經快速地發展。尤其是,當針對無線通訊技術中的個人蜂巢式電話(PCS)、衛星通訊、軍用雷達、廣播通訊、通訊中繼(communication relay)、及類似者的需求增加時,針對微波頻帶及毫米波頻帶的高速資訊通訊系統所需的高速及高能量電子裝置的需求也已經增加。因此,對於高能量電子裝置的能量裝置及能量消耗的研究正活躍地進行著。
尤其是,由於GaN基氮化物半導體具有優良的性質(例如,高能隙、高熱穩定性、高化學穩定性、每秒3×107公分(cm/sec)的高電子飽和速度),因此,該氮化物半導體可準備用作發光裝置,以及高頻及高能量電子裝置。相應地,對於該氮化物半導體的研究在全世界均活躍地進行著。
依據該GaN基氮化物半導體的電子裝置可具有不同的優點,例如,每公分大約3×106伏特的高崩潰場、最大的電流密度、穩定的高溫操作、高熱傳導性、及類似者。
依據鋁鎵氮化物(AlGaN)及鎵氮化物(GaN)的異質接
面(heterojunction)而產生的異質接面場效電晶體(HFET)在接合介面處具有高頻帶不連續性,高密度電子在該介面中是自由的,並且因此可增加電子移動性。因此,該HFET可應用於該高能量裝置。
然而,用於生長適合氮化物單一結晶的晶格常數和熱膨脹係數的該氮化物單一結晶的基底並不普遍。該氮化物單一結晶可依據分子束磊晶(MBE)方案或氣相磊晶(vapor phase epitaxy)(金屬有機化學氣相沉積(MOCVD))方案、氫化物氣相磊晶(HVPE)、及類似者,而生長在異質基底上,例如,藍寶石基底或矽碳化物(SiC)基底。該藍寶石基底或該SiC基底是昂貴的,並且它們的尺寸有所限制,因此,該藍寶石基底或該SiC基底並不適合大量生產。因此,Si基底可為準備用於大量生產的基底,以藉由增大基底的尺寸以改進生產性及熱傳導性。然而,因為晶格常數的差異及該Si基底與該GaN單一結晶之間的膨脹係數的差異,裂縫可容易地形成在GaN層中,從而造成商業化困難。希望有一種方法能在該Si基底上穩定地生長GaN。
第1圖例示傳統氮基HFET的基本組構。
參考第1圖,該傳統氮基HFET 10可包含依序層疊於該Si基底11上的低溫緩衝層12、AlGaN/GaN複合層13、未摻雜的GaN層14、及AlGaN層15。源極電極16和汲極電極18是分別形成在該AlGaN層15的上表面的兩端點上。閘極電極17是設置在該源極電極16與該汲極電極18之間。保護層19是形成在該閘極電極17與該源極電極16
之間,以及在該閘極電極17與汲極電極18之間。該AlGaN/GaN複合層13是形成以包含複數層,而GaN層可藉由減少晶格係數中的差異,而生長在該AlGaN/GaN複合層13上。
在該傳統氮基HFET 10中,二維電子氣體(2-DEG)層可依據該GaN層14與該AlGaN層15的異質接面(heterojunction)而加以形成,該GaN層14與該AlGaN層15具有不同的能帶間隙(band-gap)。此處,當訊號輸入至該閘極電極17,通道可由該2-DEG層形成,以致於電流可在該源極電極16與該汲極電極18之間流動。該未摻雜的GaN層14可組構成GaN層(沒有對該GaN層實施摻雜),並且可形成以具有相對高的電阻,以防止漏電流至該Si基底,以分離裝置。
本發明的態樣提供一種氮基半導體裝置,其具有改進的穩定性,其在氮化物半導體層中幾乎沒有裂縫,並且具有極佳表面粗糙性。
依據本發明的態樣,有提供一種氮基半導體裝置,其包含基底、形成在該基底上的鋁矽碳化物(AlSixC1-x)預處理層、形成在該AlSixC1-x預處理層上的摻雜鋁(Al)的鎵氮化物層、以及形成在該摻雜鋁的GaN層上的鋁鎵氮化物(AlGaN)層。
該AlSixC1-x預處理層可組構成選自由單一床面結構、規則點狀圖案結構、不規則點狀圖案結構、及圖案結構所
組成的群組的結構。
該氮基半導體裝置可另包含形成於該AlSixC1-x預處理層上的緩衝層,而該緩衝層可包含鋁氮化物(AlN)。
該氮基半導體裝置可另包含形成在該AlSixC1-x預處理層與該摻雜鋁的GaN層之間的GaN晶種層,該GaN晶種層的群組V/III比例是可調整的,該群組V/III比例指示群組V元件對群組III元件的比例。
該GaN晶種層可包含第一GaN晶種層及第二GaN晶種層,其中,該第一GaN晶種層的群組V/III比例是相對高的,而該第二GaN晶種層的群組V/III比例是相對低的。
該氮基半導體裝置可另包含形成在該AlSixC1-x預處理層與該摻雜鋁的GaN層之間的等級AlGaN層,而該等級AlGaN層的鋁含量可從該AlSixC1-x預處理層逐漸減少至該摻雜鋁的GaN層。
該等級AlGaN層中的該鋁含量的範圍可從大約70%減少至15%。
該摻雜鋁的GaN層的鋁含量的範圍是從大約0.1%至0.9%。
該氮基半導體裝置可另包含形成在該AlGaN層上的保護層,而該保護層可包含選自由矽氮化物(SiNx)、矽氧化物(SiOx)、及鋁氧化物(Al2O3)所組成的群組的材料。
該基底可包含選自由藍寶石、聚矽氧(Si)、AlN、矽碳化物(SiC)、及GaN所組成的群組的材料。
該氮基半導體裝置可為選自通常開啟裝置、通常關閉
裝置、及肖基特二極體的裝置。
該氮基半導體裝置可包含第一導電半導體層、作用層、及第二導電半導體層。
本發明的額外態樣、特徵、及/或優點將部分提出於接下來的描述中,並且,從該描述中部分將成為明顯的,或可藉由實施本發明而加以學習。
現在將詳細參考本發明的實施例,該實施例的範例是例示在伴隨的圖式中,其中,相同的參考編號在全篇中是指相同的元件。實施例是描述如下,以藉由該等圖式解釋本發明。
在通篇說明書中,當描述層、側、晶片、及類似者的各者是在層、側、晶片、及類似者「上」或「下方」時,「上」這個術語可包含「直接在上」及「間接在上」,而「下方」這個術語則包含「直接在下方」及「間接在下方」。針對各個元件的「上」或「下方」的標準可依據對應的圖式來加以決定。
為了容易描述起見,在圖式中各個元件的尺寸是放大的,而非指示真正的尺寸。
第2圖例示依據本發明的實施例的異質接面場效電晶體(HFET)100的截面。第3圖例示依據本發明的實施例的肖基特二極體200的截面。
依據本發明的實施例的氮基半導體裝置可應用於該HFET 100、該肖基特二極體200、及半導體發光裝置300。
該氮基半導體裝置可為選自正常開啟裝置、正常關閉裝置、及該肖基特二極體的裝置,並且可為包含第一導電半導體層、作用層、及第二導電半導體層的半導體發光裝置。
參考第2圖至第4圖,雖然相同的元件實施相同的功能,但是該相同的元件針對各個圖式可具有不同的參考,例如,基底110、210、及310;鋁矽碳化物(AlSixC1-x)預處理層120、220、及320;緩衝層130、230、及330;鎵氮化物(GaN)晶種層141、142、241、242、341、及342;等級鋁鎵氮化物(AlGaN)層150、250、及350;摻雜鋁(Al)的GaN層160、260、及360;以及AlGaN層170、270、及370。為了容易描述起見,各個元件將參考第2圖而加以描述,而相同的元件一旦在先前的描述中有所描述,則在第3圖和第4圖的描述中將予以省略,以為了清楚及精簡起見。
參考第2圖,依據實施例的該氮基半導體裝置可包含該基底110、該AlSixC1-x預處理層120、形成在該AlSixC1-x預處理層120上的該摻雜鋁的GaN層160、以及形成在該摻雜鋁的GaN層160上的該AlGaN層170。
該氮基半導體裝置可另包含該緩衝層130、該GaN晶種層140、及該等級AlGaN層150。
該基底110可包含選自藍寶石、聚矽氧(Si)、鋁氮化物(AlN)、聚矽氧氮化物(SiC)、及GaN的材料。也就是,該基底110可為絕緣基底(例如,玻璃基底或藍寶石基底),並且可為導電基底(例如,Si、SiC、及鋅氧化物(ZnO)。該
基底110可為用以生長氮化物的基底,例如,AlN基基底或GaN基基底。
該AlSixC1-x預處理層120可舒解氮化物半導體層中、由該基底110與形成在該基底10上的該氮化物半導體層之間的晶格常數、膨脹係數、及類似者的差異所引發的壓力(stress)。因此,裂縫在該氮化物半導體層所產生的發生率可最小化,並且,該氮化物半導體層的表面粗糙性可改進,以致於該氮基半導體裝置的穩定性及效能可改進。
該AlSixC1-x預處理層120可組構成選自規則點狀結構、不規則點狀結構、及圖案結構的結構,並且該結構可不受限於該等結構。該AlSixC1--x預處理層120可組構成變化的結構和形狀,以最小化裂縫在該氮化物半導體層中產生的發生率,並且改進該氮化物半導體層的表面粗糙性。
該緩衝層130可形成在該AlSixC1-x預處理層120上。該緩衝層130可包含AlN。該緩衝層130可形成為單一結晶,該單一結晶的厚度的範圍從大約20奈米至1000奈米。該緩衝層130連同該AlSixC1-x預處理層120可最小化該基底與該氮基半導體層之間的晶格常數和膨脹係數的差異,並且因此可改進該氮基半導體裝置的穩定性和效能。
GaN晶種層(例如,該第一GaN晶種層141和該第二GaN晶種層142)可形成在該緩衝層130上。該GaN晶種層可包含群組V元件和群組III元件,以穩定地形成氮基半導體層。此處,該氮化物半導體層可包含該等級AlGaN層150、該摻雜鋁的GaN層160、及該AlGaN層170。該GaN
晶種層可促進該氮基半導體層的垂直生長,以改進氮基半導體裝置的製造效率及該氮基半導體裝置的品質。該GaN晶種層可調整群組V/III比例,該群組V/III比例指示群組V元件對群組III元件的比例。
該GaN晶種層可組構成兩層,該兩層包含該第一GaN晶種層141和該第二GaN晶種層142,該第一GaN晶種層141具有高V/III群組比例,而該第二GaN晶種層142則具有低V/III群組比例。該第一GaN晶種層141可形成在該緩衝層130上,並且可形成在高壓及高V/III群組比例的條件中。例如,該第一GaN晶種層141可形成在壓力大於或等於300托耳而該V/III群組比例大於或等於10,000托耳的條件中。
該第二GaN晶種層142可形成在該第一GaN晶種層141上,並且可形成在低壓和低V/III群組比例的條件中。例如,該第二GaN晶種層142可形成在壓力小於或等於50托耳而該V/III群組比例小於或等於3,000托耳的條件中。
該等級AlGaN層150可形成在該AlSixC1-x預處理層120與該摻雜鋁的GaN層160之間。該等級AlGaN層150的鋁含量可從該AlSixC1-x預處理層120逐漸減少至該摻雜鋁的GaN層160。該等級AlGaN層150中的該鋁含量的範圍可從大約70%減少至15%。
該等級AlGaN層150可組構成多層,並且,該多層的個別鋁含量可彼此不同。例如,該AlGaN層150可組構成包含依序層疊的第一等級AlGaN層(未例示)、第二等級
AlGaN層(未例示)、及第三等級AlGaN層(未例示),該第一等級AlGaN層的鋁含量的範圍從大約70%減少至50%,該第二等級AlGaN層的鋁含量的範圍從大約50%減少至30%,而該第三等級AlGaN層的鋁含量的範圍從大約30%減少至15%。因此,鋁含量逐漸減少至該摻雜鋁的GaN層160的該AlGaN層150可形成,以形成具有穩定結構並防止裂縫產生的氮化物半導體層。
該等級AlGaN層150的該多層的厚度適合最小化裂縫在該氮化物半導體層中產生的發生率,並且提供穩定結構給該氮化物半導體層。例如,在該第一等級AlGaN層中具有大約70%鋁含量的AlGaN層可具有的厚度的範圍是從20奈米至1000奈米,而該整個第二等級AlGaN層可形成具有大約從20奈米至50奈米的厚度的範圍。
該摻雜鋁的GaN層160可形成在該等級AlGaN層150上。該摻雜鋁的GaN層160可包含範圍從大約0.1%至0.9%的鋁。希望地,該摻雜鋁的GaN層160可包含範圍從大約0.3%至0.6%的鋁。該摻雜鋁的GaN層160可鈍化Ga空位(vacancy),該Ga空位可為該GaN層中由Al所引發的瑕疵。因此,該GaN層的可結晶性(crystallizability)可藉由抑制二維(2D)或三維(3D)電位的生長,而加以改進。
該AlGaN層170可形成在該摻雜鋁的GaN層160上。該保護層190可另形成在該AlGaN層170上。該保護層190可包含選自聚矽氧氮化物、(SiNx)、矽氧化物(SiOx)、及鋁氧化物(Al2O3)的材料。該保護層190可為鈍化薄膜層、
可減少該AlGaN層的表面的不穩定性、以及可降低在高頻率操作期間由電流坍塌(current collapse)所引發的能量的特性中的減少
本發明的態樣的該氮基半導體裝置可應用至不同類型的電子裝置。
如第2圖所顯示的,該氮基半導體裝置可應用至通常開啟裝置及通常關閉裝置,其為包含源極電極181、閘極電極182、及汲極電極183的HFET。該源極電極181及該汲極電極183可包含選自鉻(Cr)、鋁、鉭(Ta)、鈦(Ti)、及金(Au)的材料。
如第3圖所顯示的,該氮基半導體裝置可應用至包含電阻性電極281及肖特基電極282的肖基特二極體。該電阻性電極281可包含選自Cr、Al、Ta、Ti、及Au的材料。該肖特基電極282可包含選自鎳(Ni)、Au、銅銦氧化物(CuInO2)、銦錫氧化物(ITO)、鉑(Pt)、及其合金的材料。該合金的範例可包含Ni和Au的合金、CuInO2和Au的合金、以及ITO和Au的合金、Ni、Pt和Au的合金、以及Pt和Au的合金,而該等範例可不限定於該等合金。
如第4圖所顯示的,該氮基半導體裝置可應用至包含第一導電半導體層383、作用層384、及第二導電半導體層385的半導體發光裝置。該作用層384可在該半導體發光裝置中具有量子牆結構(quantum wall structure),而該半導體發光裝置可包含透明電極386、p-型電極387、及n-型電極388。
第5A圖例示依據本發明的實施例在緩衝(buffer)生長在基底上前、Al預處理氮化物半導體的表面的光學影像,而第5B圖則例示本發明的實施例的AlSixC1-x預處理氮化物半導體的表面的光學影像。第6圖例示依據本發明的實施例在緩衝生長在基底上前Al預處理氮化物半導體的表面的X光繞射分析數值、以及AlSixC1-x預處理氮化物半導體的表面的X光繞射分析數值的圖形。
參考第5A和5B圖,在該緩衝生長前,細裂縫在該Al預處理氮化物半導體的表面中產生,但AlSixC1-x預處理氮化物半導體的表面並沒有包含裂縫。
參考第6圖,該Al預處理氮化物半導體的X光繞射分析數值指示716弧秒(arcsec),但該AlSixC1-x預處理氮化物半導體的X光繞射分析數值減少至313 arcsec。因此,AlSixC1-x預處理可舒解氮化物半導體的壓力、可減少裂縫的發生率、以及可改進可結晶性。
第7圖例示依據本發明的實施例的AlSixC1-x預處理氮化物半導體的X光繞射分析資料(omega-2theta)。第8圖例示依據本發明的實施例的與整個AlSixC1-x預處理氮化物半導體的厚度相關的映射資料(mapping data)。第9圖例示依據本發明的實施例的AlSixC1-x預處理氮化物半導體的光學影像和微觀影像(microscopic image)。
參考第7圖,顯示與氮基半導體裝置中的鋁含量相關的峰值(peak)。參考第8和9圖,該氮基半導體裝置幾乎不具有裂縫,並且具有0.53奈米的優良表面粗糙性(可由
顯微鏡觀察),這是由於該氮基半導體裝置包含V/III群組比例是可調整的AlSixC1-x預處理層及GaN晶種層。
傳統上,生長氮基半導體層到至少預定厚度是困難的。然而,依據本發明的實施例的該氮基半導體裝置可包含該AlSixC1-x預處理層在該基底上,並且因此可生長該氮化物半導體層到至少預定厚度,而幾乎沒有裂縫。如第8圖所顯示的,該氮基半導體裝置可幾乎不具有裂縫、可具有2.2微米的整個厚度、並且具有相對固定的厚度,其具有大約1.6%的偏差(deviation)。
在依據本發明的實施例的該氮基半導體裝置中,當形成在摻雜鋁的GaN層上的AlGaN層的鋁含量大約為40%時,二維電子氣體(2-DEG)層的移動率可大約為每伏特秒1000平方公分(cm2/Vs),而載子面密度(sheet carrier density)可大約為1.5x1013/cm2。
依據本發明的實施例的該氮基半導體裝置可包含該AlSixC1-x預處理層,並且因此可舒解氮化物半導體層中由該基底與形成在該基底上的該氮化物半導體層之間的性質(例如,晶格常數和膨脹係數)的差異所引發的壓力。因此,裂縫在該氮化物半導體層中產生的發生率可最小化、以及該氮化物半導體層的表面粗糙性可改進,並且,該氮基半導體裝置的穩定性及效能可改進。
依據本發明的實施例的該氮基半導體裝置可包含等級AlGaN層,該等級AlGaN層的鋁含量從該基底逐漸減少,並且因此,裂縫在該氮化物半導體層中產生的發生率可最
小化,而具有穩定結構的該氮化物半導體層於是形成。
雖然已顯示和描述本發明的一些實施例,但是本發明並非限定至該等描述的實施例。反倒是,本領域中的熟習技術者將體會到,可對這些實施例作出改變,而不致於背離本發明的原則和精神,本發明的範圍是由申請專利範圍及其均等物加以定義。
10‧‧‧氮基HFET
11‧‧‧Si基底
12‧‧‧低溫緩衝層
13‧‧‧AlGaN/GaN複合層
14‧‧‧未摻雜的GaN層
15‧‧‧AlGaN層
16、181‧‧‧源極電極
17、182‧‧‧閘極電極
18、183‧‧‧汲極電極
19、190‧‧‧保護層
100‧‧‧異質接面場效電晶體
110、210、310‧‧‧基底
120、220、320‧‧‧AlSixC1-x預處理層
130、230、330‧‧‧緩衝層
141、142、241、242、341、342‧‧‧GaN晶種層
150、250、350‧‧‧等級AlGaN層
160、260、360‧‧‧摻雜鋁的GaN層
170、270、370‧‧‧AlGaN層
200‧‧‧肖基特二極體
281‧‧‧電阻性電極
282‧‧‧肖特基電極
300‧‧‧半導體發光裝置
383‧‧‧第一導電半導體層
384‧‧‧作用層
385‧‧‧第二導電半導體層
386‧‧‧透明電極
387‧‧‧p-型電極
388‧‧‧n-型電極
該專利案或申請案檔案含有至少一張彩色執行的圖式,具有彩色圖式的此專利案或專利申請案公開案的副本將在要求和支付必要費用後,提供給當局。本發明的這些及/或其它態樣、特徵、及優點,從接下來的實施例描述、連同該等附隨的圖式,將變得明顯並且更能立刻體會,在該等圖式中:第1圖為例示依據傳統技術的異質接面場效電晶體(HFET)的基本組構的圖形;第2圖依據本發明的實施例的HFET的截面視圖;第3圖為依據本發明的實施例的肖基特二極體的截面視圖;第4圖依據本發明的實施例的半導體發光裝置的截面視圖;第5A圖為依據本發明的實施例在緩衝生長在基底上前、(Al)預處理氮化物半導體的表面的光學影像;第5B圖為依據本發明的實施例的鋁矽碳化物(AlSixC1-x)預處理氮化物半導體的表面的光學影像;
第6圖為依據本發明的實施例在緩衝生長在基底上前Al預處理氮化物半導體的表面的X光繞射分析數值、以及AlSixC1-x預處理氮化物半導體的表面的X光繞射分析數值的圖形;第7圖為依據本發明的實施例的AlSixC1-x預處理氮化物半導體的X光繞射分析資料(omega-2theta)的圖形;第8圖為依據本發明的實施例與整個AlSixC1-x預處理氮化物半導體的厚度相關的映射資料的圖形;以及第9圖為例示依據本發明的實施例的AlSixC1-x預處理氮化物半導體的光學影像和微觀影像的圖形。
100‧‧‧異質接面場效電晶體
110‧‧‧基底
120‧‧‧AlSixC1-x預處理層
130‧‧‧緩衝層
141、142‧‧‧GaN晶種層
150‧‧‧等級AlGaN層
160‧‧‧摻雜鋁的GaN層
170‧‧‧AlGaN層
181‧‧‧源極電極
182‧‧‧閘極電極
183‧‧‧汲極電極
190‧‧‧保護層
Claims (14)
- 一種氮基半導體裝置,包含:基底;鋁矽碳化物(AlSixC1-x)預處理層,形成在該基底上;摻雜鋁(Al)鎵氮化物(GaN)層,形成在該AlSixC1-x預處理層上;以及鋁鎵氮化物(AlGaN)層,形成在該摻雜鋁的GaN層上。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之氮基半導體裝置,其中,該AlSixC1-x預處理層是組構為選自由單一床面結構、規則點狀圖案結構、不規則點狀圖案結構、及圖案結構所組成的群組的結構。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之氮基半導體裝置,另包含:緩衝層,形成在該AlSixC1-x預處理層上,其中,該緩衝層包含鋁氮化物(AlN)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之氮基半導體裝置,另包含:GaN晶種層,形成在該AlSixC1-x預處理層和該摻雜鋁的GaN層之間,該GaN晶種層的群組V/III比例是可調整的,該群組V/III比例指示群組V元件對群組III元件的比例。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之氮基半導體裝置,其中, 該GaN晶種層包含:第一GaN晶種層,該第一GaN晶種層的群組V/III比例是相對高的;以及第二GaN晶種層,該第二GaN晶種層的群組V/III比例是相對低的。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之氮基半導體裝置,另包含:等級AlGaN層,形成在該AlSixC1-x預處理層與該摻雜鋁的GaN層之間,其中,該等級AlGaN層的鋁含量從該AlSixC1-x預處理層至該摻雜鋁的GaN層逐漸減少。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之氮基半導體裝置,其中,該等級AlGaN層的該鋁含量的範圍從大約70%減少至15%。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之氮基半導體裝置,其中,該摻雜鋁的GaN層的鋁含量的範圍從大約0.1%至0.9%。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之氮基半導體裝置,另包含:保護層,形成在該AlGaN層上,其中,該保護層包含選自由矽氮化物(SiNx)、矽氧化物(SiOx)、及鋁氧化物(Al2O3)所組成的群組的材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之氮基半導體裝置,其中,該基底包含選自由藍寶石、聚矽氧、AlN、矽碳化物(SiC)、及GaN所組成的群組的材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之氮基半導體裝置,其中,該氮基半導體裝置為選自由通常開啟裝置、通常關閉裝置、及肖基特二極體所組成的群組的裝置。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之氮基半導體裝置,其中,該肖基特二極體中的電阻性電極包含選自由鉻(Cr)、鋁、鉭(Ta)、鈦(Ti)、及金(Au)所組成的群組的材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之氮基半導體裝置,其中,該肖基特二極體中的肖特基電極包含選自由鎳、金、銅銦氧化物(CuInO2)、銦錫氧化物(ITO)、鉑(Pt)及其合金所組成的群組的材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之氮基半導體裝置,其中,該氮基半導體裝置包含第一導電半導體層、作用層、及第二導電半導體層。
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