SU1644808A1 - Method for grafting fruit trees into crown - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, namely, fruit production. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of vaccination. The method is applicable when re-grafting adult trees with different diameters of grafted components. Grafted branches are cut. The cut is made of an island-shaped cone or pyramid. Around the perimeter of the cut, grafts are grafted onto the bark, after which the grafted cuttings are pressed against the surface of the cut and fixed on it. The tops of the cuttings are spliced into a single trunk, in which the latter is grown from one main cutting of the desired variety, and the remaining cuttings serve as bridges. The method provides fast and effective overgrowth of the inoculation slice preventing the formation of a hollow. 1 silt, 1 tab

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to gardening, and can be used when re-grafting adult trees.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of vaccination.

The drawing shows the vaccination scheme in the fall of the first year of the growing season after the removal of the graft tops - the bridges.

PRI me d 1. Grafted in the phase of flowering pear varieties Madame Favre on seed stock at the age of 8-15 years in the amount of 11 pieces. We observed the growth of scions and the nature of the overgrowth of graft sections for 4 years.

Stamps and branches in the grafting sites of the studied plants had diameters of 150 and 100 m, respectively, and the height of the cone was respectively 220 and 150 mm (one and a half times the diameter),

The branch or crown was removed by cross-cutting with a chainsaw at a distance of 150 or 120 mm from the intended location.

vaccinations. An island-convex section was formed on the stock x 1, and four oblique sections were cut through the center of the cross section so as to form a tetrahedral pyramid. Scaled edges of the pyramid with a plane, bringing its shape to cone 2. The cut surface, except for the strip at the base of the cone 50 mm wide, was wrapped with a film in order to protect it from draining and erosion

After aligning the edges of the cortex, a rubber band was applied to the place of the upcoming vaccination on 3 (medical tourniquet). Then, pointed short (two-three-glaze) cuttings about 40 mm apart from each other were inserted behind the bark along the perimeter so that the upper eye was facing the cut surface. The priotov, if possible, picked up the crooked, pointed and positioned them so. so that the tops were closer to the surface of the cone. On each handle only one kidney was left (upper).

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The inoculum components were covered with plastic bags of a milky-white (anti-overheating) film to create a moist environment.

After 12–18 days, as the scions grew, film caps were removed. The lower, previously untied sections of the cones were painted over with paint.

After 30-45 days, increments of 4 grafts were pressed to the surfaces of the cones and fixed in this position using the straps 5 with an adhesive graft tape or twine. The locking tabs were located at a height of 50-70 mm from the bases of the cones. In addition, in variants with a 150 mm diameter of the armature, an additional second locking panel was made at a height of 110-120 mm. Since the overgrowth of the graft surface goes from top to bottom, the fixation of increments at the apex of the cone is not necessary. With the growth of grafts spliced them together in places 6, output into a single trunk. Binding rubber over 3, holding the bases of grafts pressed to the rootstock, was removed 6-8 days after the installation of fixing pads, which were removed in the fall of the first year of vegetation.

The sprouts 7 formed below the splicing points 6 were permanently removed.

PRI mme R 2. The grafting was carried out on three trees of the Aidared variety in the bloom phase with the same parameters as in Example 1.

The obtained experimental data are tabulated.

As can be seen from the table, under the same initial conditions (diameters of the rootstocks, the number and thickness of the grafts), the overgrowth of the cut surface according to the proposed method occurs much faster, although the thickening of the base of the grafts, i.e. reduction of gaps between them, occurs approximately from the same

by speed. A slight decrease in the growth of the grafts of the proposed method in the second vegetation period is explained by switching them to the mode of bridges.

In comparison with the known method with

In grafts of the proposed method, sections of thicker rootstocks grew faster with a diameter of 150 mm (the degree of overgrowth of the surface of the inoculation section was 90% vs. 25%).

At the same time, overgrowth occurs, first of all, in the upper part of the cone - at the top, where the grafts are thicker. Overgrowth goes from the center of the cut, where the wood is old and eroded, to the periphery, where the wood is young, which eliminates the formation of a hollow, unlike the known method by which the overgrowth of the cut goes from the periphery to the center and the middle of the cut is not

it grows even in the 10th year with a diameter of the stock more than 150 mm.

The advantages of this method are the rapid and effective overgrowth of the inoculation slice, the priority of the overgrowth of the central section of the slice, which prevents the formation of a hollow, these advantages provide high quality of the inoculation and contributes to the extension of the productivity of the grafted tree.

The most effective is the proposed method for producing grafts in thick- diameter 150 mm and higher-strands and branches of pome trees.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of grafting fruit trees into the crown, which includes cutting the branch of the stock, grafting the cuttings of the grate around the perimeter of the cut and splicing them into a single trunk, which is due to the fact that, in order to improve the quality of the grafting, the cut of the branch is made in the form of a cone, and the grafted cuttings pressed against the surface of the slice and fixed on it. 716448088 Comparative data on the quality of vaccinations performed by the known and proposed method b