RU2658971C2 - Methods of fixing inoculations on trees - Google Patents

Methods of fixing inoculations on trees Download PDF

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RU2658971C2
RU2658971C2 RU2016110976A RU2016110976A RU2658971C2 RU 2658971 C2 RU2658971 C2 RU 2658971C2 RU 2016110976 A RU2016110976 A RU 2016110976A RU 2016110976 A RU2016110976 A RU 2016110976A RU 2658971 C2 RU2658971 C2 RU 2658971C2
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trees
trunk
fixing
agriculture
methods
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RU2016110976A
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Russian (ru)
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RU2016110976A (en
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Евгений Дмитриевич Малафеев
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Евгений Дмитриевич Малафеев
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00Forestry
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/40Afforestation or reforestation

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to silviculture. According to the proposed methods, vaccinations are fixed on the trees. In this case, fixation of the graft to the rootstock of one diameter is carried out by "trunking into the trunk" with the aid of a coaxial arrangement in the core along the center of the stem of the rod (pin) made of high-strength material, that is high-alloy steel, carbon plastic.
EFFECT: method provides accelerated afforestation, including valuable tree species.
1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Предлагаемые способы относятся к области лесонасаждения и предлагаются для ускоренного лесоразведения ценных пород деревьев.The proposed methods relate to the field of afforestation and are proposed for accelerated afforestation of valuable tree species.

Известны способы прививки одного вида растения к какой-либо части другого растения (дерева) с целью придания новых свойств (как правило, улучшенных) («Словарь Русского языка» С.И. Ожегова 21-е изд. 1989 г. Москва изд. «Русский язык», стр. 586, см. слово - привить). Это и принято за прототип. Но при такой прививке «привой» присоединяется к любой части растения (сбоку ствола, к какой-либо ветке и т.п). А предлагается прививку производить в целом «ствол в ствол», используя в качестве подвоя пни, в т.ч. удлиненные (высокие, около одного метра). И подбираются при этом и привой и подвой одного диаметра, а соединение стыковка возможно различными способами: 1) «прямой, гладкий стык», 2) «на ус», 3) «розочкой», 4) «зубчатый стык», 5) «соединение клином» и т.п.Known methods of grafting one type of plant to any part of another plant (tree) in order to give new properties (usually improved) ("Dictionary of the Russian language" SI Ozhegova 21st ed. 1989 Moscow ed. " Russian language ”, p. 586, see the word - vaccinate). This is taken as a prototype. But with such a vaccination, the “scion" is attached to any part of the plant (on the side of the trunk, to any branch, etc.). A vaccination is proposed to produce as a whole "trunk to trunk", using stumps as rootstock, including elongated (high, about one meter). And at the same time, both the graft and stock of the same diameter are selected, and the joining is possible in various ways: 1) “straight, smooth joint”, 2) “on the mustache”, 3) “rosette”, 4) “toothed joint”, 5) “ connection with a wedge ", etc.

Кору по краям стыкуемых элементов следует примыкать вплотную для лучшего приклеивания и заживления. Для обеспечения прочности и устойчивости стыка, необходимых особенно в начальный период, следует предусматривать установку в сердцевину (по центру) ствола соосно стержня (штыря) из высокопрочного материала (высоколегированная сталь, углепластик и т.п.), врастаемого впоследствии навсегда. На начальном этапе следует также установить (временно) поддерживающие струбцины, а сам стык обмазать садовым варом и временно обинтовать.The bark along the edges of the elements to be joined should be abutted for better bonding and healing. To ensure the strength and stability of the joint, which are necessary especially in the initial period, it is necessary to install in the core (in the center) of the barrel a coaxial rod (pin) of high strength material (high alloy steel, carbon fiber, etc.), which is subsequently grown forever. At the initial stage, supporting clamps should also be installed (temporarily), and the joint should be coated with garden varnish and temporarily wrapped.

Вышеописанное можно было бы назвать способом трансплантации на деревьях, т.к. это похоже на трансплантации органов человека. И делается это с целью замены лесных плантаций (массивов) менее ценных пород на более ценные (например, замена елей на кедр). Можно отметить, что под Новый год рубятся много елок и на пни от них можно было бы привить срезанные верхушки кедров, срубленных при лесозаготовках. Замена лесного массива хвойных пород на более ценные кедровые заросли и есть технический результат, а отсюда и следует причинно-следственная связь. Причина - улучшение свойств, следствие - замена на кедр.The above could be called a method of transplantation on trees, because this is similar to human organ transplantation. And this is done in order to replace forest plantations (massifs) of less valuable species with more valuable ones (for example, replacing spruce with cedar). It can be noted that on New Year's Eve many trees are cut and stumps of cedars cut down during logging could be planted on stumps from them. Replacing a coniferous forest with more valuable cedar thickets is a technical result, and this leads to a causal relationship. The reason is an improvement in properties, the consequence is a replacement for cedar.

Прививка встык происходит следующим образом: (см. фиг. 1, 2) подбираются по диаметру срезанная верхушка кедра и пень срубленной ели или другого хвойного деревца (привой - поз. 1, подвой - поз. 2). В соединении вставляется в сердцевину соосно штырь (поз. 3).Butt-grafting takes place as follows: (see Figs. 1, 2) the cut top of a cedar and the stump of a felled spruce or other coniferous tree are selected in diameter (scion - pos. 1, stock - pos. 2). A pin is inserted coaxially into the core (pos. 3).

Соприкасаемые части стыкуемых элементов подвергаются обработке под специальный стык, которые могут быть: 1 - «прямой, гладкий стык» (поз. 4), 2 - «на ус» (поз. 5), 3 - «розочкой» (поз. 6), 4 - «зубчатое соединение» (поз. 7), 5 - «соединение клином» (поз. 8) и тому подобное.The adjacent parts of the joined elements are processed under a special joint, which can be: 1 - “straight, smooth joint” (pos. 4), 2 - “on the mustache” (pos. 5), 3 - “rosette” (pos. 6) 4 - “gear connection” (pos. 7), 5 - “wedge connection” (pos. 8) and the like.

Для фиксаций на первоначальном этапе используются струбцины (поз. 9) (временно) Кроме того, соединение следует обмазать садовым варом, на время приживаемости обинтовать.For fixations at the initial stage, clamps are used (pos. 9) (temporarily). In addition, the connection should be coated with garden varnish, wrap around the survival area.

Выше приведены примеры прививки в основном хвойных пород. Но следует отметить, также эти процедуры могут осуществляться и на твердолиственных и мягколиственных породах деревьев, в том числе и плодово-ягодных в различных сочетаниях.The above are examples of vaccinations of mostly conifers. But it should be noted that also these procedures can be carried out on hard-leaved and soft-leaved tree species, including fruit and berry in various combinations.

Хотелось бы отметить, что первоначально в научных целях следовало бы производить прививку дерева «само на себя», т.е. выбирается деревце и производится срезка и тут же стыковка, что позволит быстрее освоить методику и убедиться в выбранных стратегиях.I would like to note that initially, for scientific purposes, the tree should be grafted “on itself”, i.e. a tree is selected and cutting is done and docking is done right there, which will allow you to quickly master the technique and make sure of the selected strategies.

Claims (2)

1. Способ фиксации прививок на деревьях, отличающийся тем, что фиксация привоя к подвою одного диаметра осуществляется «ствол в ствол» с помощью установки соосно в сердцевину по центру ствола стержня (штыря) из высокопрочного материала.1. A method of fixing grafts on trees, characterized in that the graft is fixed to the rootstock of one diameter by “trunk to trunk” by installing a rod (pin) made of high strength material coaxially into the core in the center of the trunk. 2. Способ фиксации прививок на деревьях по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что в качестве высокопрочного материала используют высоколегированную сталь, углепластик.2. The method of fixing vaccinations on trees according to claim 1, characterized in that high-alloy steel and carbon fiber are used as high-strength material.
RU2016110976A 2016-03-24 2016-03-24 Methods of fixing inoculations on trees RU2658971C2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2798511C1 (en) * 2022-01-28 2023-06-23 Евгений Дмитриевич Малафеев Tree transplantation methods

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1644808A1 (en) * 1989-03-27 1991-04-30 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт растениеводства им.Н.И.Вавилова Method for grafting fruit trees into crown
SU1702948A1 (en) * 1989-12-06 1992-01-07 Ю.С.Сааков Method for growing forest crops
UA22205C2 (en) * 1995-02-16 2000-11-15 Павло Олександрович Балацький Method to graft plants

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1644808A1 (en) * 1989-03-27 1991-04-30 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт растениеводства им.Н.И.Вавилова Method for grafting fruit trees into crown
SU1702948A1 (en) * 1989-12-06 1992-01-07 Ю.С.Сааков Method for growing forest crops
UA22205C2 (en) * 1995-02-16 2000-11-15 Павло Олександрович Балацький Method to graft plants

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
СМИРНОВ К.В. и др. "Виноградарство", Москва, АГРОПРОМИЗДАТ, 1987. *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2798511C1 (en) * 2022-01-28 2023-06-23 Евгений Дмитриевич Малафеев Tree transplantation methods

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