SU1618337A1 - Method of forming mother-cutting garden - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, namely, fruit production. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the time of creation of the mother liquor with a maximum productivity of 1 year. The method involves planting a plant in a permanent place in the garden; at the end of the summer it is inspected; at the beginning of the first wave of intensive growth in the second year, the top of the screw is pinched. In the third year in early spring, all premature growth is cut at the same height level, and at the end of summer, grafts are made from the tops. The method provides the beginning of the procurement of cuttings from the 3rd year, accelerating the reproduction of valuable varieties of fruit crops and reducing the unproductive period of life of the mother-varietal garden. 4 il. 1 tab.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely, fruit production.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the time of creation of the mother liquor with a maximum productivity of 1 year.

FIG. 1 shows the stocked stock in the first year of growth; in fig. 2 - sapling second year; in fig. 3 - seedling in the third year of growth; in fig. 4 - formed uterine-cherenkov trees with a productive zone.

The method of accelerated creation of a superintensive fallopian garden using the Ungur system is carried out as follows.

In the previously prepared place they plant vertically on one stock (Fig. 1), which at the end of the ribbon of the first year is inspected with the desired grade, and in the spring of the second year, cut by eye, and then at the beginning of the first wave of enhanced growth graft 2 (Fig. 2) pinch at the top in order to stop the progressive growth of sco 2 and cause the formation of premature

increase 3 (Fig. 3). At the ends of these premature growths 3, cut at the same level, a head 4 is formed (Fig. 4) with a productive zone. Later on, at the end of the summer, she is harvested from cuttings of grafts by cutting them twice.

The tests are carried out by setting up field experiments and carrying out laboratory tests according to generally accepted methods of conducting experiments with fruit plants. Field experiments were established in 1984 at the “Kriulni of the Kulinsky District of the Moldavian SSR.

The soil of the experimental plot is represented by carbonate-black cod-loamy clay on loam. A preliminary breakdown of the site for the future uterine-varietal garden was carried out. Planting rootstock held under the drill 10-22 April 1984. The length of the stock MM 106 35-40 cm. The diameter at the base of 8-10 mm. Depth of landing is 25-27 cm. The area of food is 2,0X1.0 m.

The budding was carried out on August 25-27, 1984, in the Golden Delicious variety. In the spring

Ltd

Od

oo j

the second year of April 20-23, cut by eye. At the beginning of the first wave of intensive growth of the scout on June 10-12, 1985, the top of the driver was pinched to stop the progressive growth. Usually at this time the length of the lead was 21-523 cm. As a result of nipping, 4-6 premature shoots were formed on each graft, which each separately later played the role of a bole, at the end of each head was formed - the productive zone.

In the spring of April 3–26, the entire premature growth was cut to the same height (70 cm) as required by GOST for medium-size varieties — rootstock combinations. And already starting from the 26th of July of the same year, cuttings for budding were carried out by short cutting twice. Before budding, the cuttings are harvested, leaving 5-6 eyes on the knots, and in the spring of next year, cuttings are cut with the removal of last year's eyes that have moved into the growth.

By July 23, 1986, at the height of the heads along the length of the whole row, a complete continuation of the table was formed.

15

20

As a result of pinching, the plant suspends the progressive growth in height and forms premature side shoots, usually 4-6 pieces on each graft. Until the end of the growing season, premature shoots reached a length of 70-

No gain. The width of the productive part is 2 80 cm. These are well developed, larger by 80-90 cm diameter shoots, which further can be used as a boom for comparison under similar conditions.

tests of the known method were carried out. In the spring of 1984, Golden Delicious saplings, grafted on the stock of MM 106, pre-grown for 2 years in the nursery, were planted vertically in the mother liquor according to the 2.0X1.0 m scheme.

The proposed method provided the beginning of the productive life of the queen cell from the 3rd year after planting the stock against the 5th year by a known method. An increase in the yield of standard cuttings was observed due to the premature increments in graft and the formation of a multi-stem plant that was originally planted.

The table shows the comparative characteristics of the proposed and known methods of creating a uterine-varietal garden. Stock MM 106. Grade Golden Delicious. Feed area 2,0X1,0.

The plant in the second year is loaded with additional (usually 4-6 pieces) sources of nutrient intake, and productive zones are formed at their ends, and much more than in the prototype (usually 4-6 times more). The resulting increase, beginning in the third year, differs by standard parameters. It is also important that due to the fact that the rootstocks are planted immediately to a permanent place, transplants are not required, and therefore, the root system is not damaged. This, in turn, makes it possible to obtain equal, both in terms of the number and quality of the cutting, of the prio during the productive life of the uterine-varietal garden of the superintensive type.

The proposed method is very simple to implement, practically does not require any

4t- additional costs neither for its implementation, nor for the initially required planting material. It does not require the cost of transplanting plants from the nursery to the garden. Plant care is also very simple and maximizes.

From the 3rd year

From 5-6 years

Table continuation

2 80 cm. These are well-developed, large shoots that are large in diameter, which in the future may well play the role of shtamb.

The plant in the second year is loaded with additional (usually 4-6 pieces) sources of nutrient intake, and productive zones are formed at their ends, and much more than in the prototype (usually 4-6 times more). The resulting increase, beginning in the third year, differs by standard parameters. It is also important that due to the fact that the rootstocks are planted immediately to a permanent place, transplants are not required, and therefore, the root system is not damaged. This, in turn, makes it possible to obtain equal, both in terms of the number and quality of the cutting, of the prio during the productive life of the uterine-varietal garden of the superintensive type.

The proposed method is very simple to implement, practically does not require any

t-additional costs neither for its implementation, nor for the originally necessary planting material. It does not require the cost of transplanting plants from the nursery to the garden. Caring for plants is also very simple and provides maximum mechanization.

The proposed method significantly reduces the unproductive period of life of the uterine-varietal garden, increases labor productivity, accelerates the reproduction of valuable varieties of fruit crops, is very simple

5 implementation, therefore, is available to a wide range of production workers, has a very high breeding rate and a high level of compliance with the requirements of the standard.

Claims (1)

The invention The method of forming the uterine-cuttings garden, including planting the rootstock, budding the latter with culture, variety 1, removing the top of the lead, leaving the hemp on the trunk, trimming growth next year at the same level depending on the height of the trunk and creating productive ends at the ends of the cut stalks. zones for obtaining cuttings of grate, characterized in that, in order to shorten the time of creation of the mother liquor with a maximum productivity for a year, planting and harvesting it with a cultural variety is carried out on a permanent basis Place in the garden, and the top removal is carried out at the beginning of the first wave of growth by pinching. ҐL one V /.- 77. ////////////// / 7 / /// ///////// u //////////////// / u / //////////// FIG. 2 u / /// //// // /// /// /// /// /// /// /// /// fig.Z g / / 7 / /// ////// . L