SU1457859A1 - Method of growing karelian birch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to forestry. The purpose of the invention is to create conditions for realizing the ability of seed progeny to form artistic wood texture. The removal of Karelian birch from seeds is carried out up to the age of manifestation of the hereditary traits of genotypes under conditions of optimal soil and light feeding. These conditions include: the selection of areas for growing seedlings with a high content of plant residues and organic substances, transferring them by fire reclamation to mineral substances that are easily assimilated by plants, wide-line sowing with a seeding rate at the rate of pulling by 1 run. . m not more than 20 suitable for planting seedlings, planting crops selected plants with planting 1.2-1.5 thousand pieces. per hectare and loosening them in free-growing before the period of manifestation of shaped signs, periodic pruning of the lower branches of saplings from the age of three in each session up to 1 m of the stem. 2 tab. about $ (L

Description

one

The invention relates to forestry and can be used for forest growing.

The purpose of the invention is to create conditions for realizing the ability of seed progeny to form artistic wood texture.

Example. Studies of the conditions for the formation of the artistic texture of Karelian birch wood make it possible to express the high correlation dependence of the formation of decorative wood texture on the intensity of plant growth.

Experienced crops for a number of years spent on the area after the spontaneous burning (ground fire)

sod-peat scrubby soils in the upper bog. The surface of the burnt soil is flattened and loosened before sowing. Sowing is carried out in the spring of the following year by sowing the seeds into the recessed grooves 15 cm wide with the incorporation of fine-grained sand with a layer up to 10 mm thick. The seeding rate of a seed is determined by a number of factors and for each particular batch it is determined by the formula

i4

cl

00 cl

with

P

.122 C B

where N is the seeding rate of seed n, g per 1 meter;

K is the number of seeds per 1 running meter of sowing;

B - weight 1000 pcs. sem, g;

D - soil germination in the amount of units;

L - laboratory germination,%;

H - purity of seeds,%. Experimentally establish the optimum thickness of growing standard seedlings for 1 pog. m sowing in the amount of 20 pcs. With the corresponding characteristics of the sown batches of seeds, differentiated norms of seed consumption are determined (g per 1 running meter). wide-line sowing in open and closed ground conditions (Table 1).

Constant moisture supply in combination with a large amount of ash elements, the absence of grassy vegetation in the first season contribute to the intensive growth of birch saplings truss up to 1 m. Table 7. gives comparative taxation indicators of Karelian birch trees of various forms with pruning (experience) and without pruning (control) of the branches.

10 with pruning boughs are characterized by better, compared to the control, average indicators in height, diameter and volume of the trunk. This technique is recommended as needed.

15 silvicultural care in crop formation.

In the created cultures of Karelian birch with this method of cultivation, shaped traits at the age of 1020–25 years are manifested in 50% of trees grown from seeds of free pollination, and up to 80% - in birch with preplant selection, as well as from hybrid seeds. origin. Of thickened

that by the end of the first season). Compared to 25 sowings and plantings, height is planted with control (prototype), the above-ground parts are larger: among the Karelian birch hanging trees - in. 10.5 times, fluffy Karelian - 5 times. According to the general development, plants under these conditions are equal to seedlings grown in the same period in the greenhouse.

The intensive growth of birch on the mineralized soil by fire is explained by the high content of easily digestible mineral elements in plants. In the upper soil horizon, the content of KjO is increased by 3.2 times, P 0, j- - 7 times, the amount of exchange bases - by 1.4 times, the hydrolyte 1-hc acidity decreases by 8, .5 times.

The planting of crops selected by morphological characteristics of birch seedlings was carried out on the seedlings with partial preparation of the soil with the placement of 1.5x3.0-5.0 m planting 1.4-2.2 thousand pieces. on 1 ha. In areas with fire reclamation, plants in a three-year culture begin to bear fruit, 70% of them show signs of Karelian forms.

With relatively rare plantings in the process of growing crops to produce valuable knotless wood and improve tree growth

Denis with a single participation in the composition of the Karelian forms.

Formula of invention

thirty

The method of growing Karelian birch from seeds, including preparation of the soil, pre-sowing treatment and germination of seeds, sowing, cultivation

2g of seedlings and saplings in the nursery and cultures, characterized in that, in order to create conditions for the implementation of the ability of seed progeny to form an artistic wood texture, nurseries select areas with a high content of plant residues and organic substances, which are converted into mineral substances In the process of preparing the soil by fire reclamation, the seeding rate for wide-sowing is determined on the basis of cultivation per 1 running. m no more than 20 sunflowers, crops grown 5Q are grown in free growth with planting 1.2–1.5 thousand pcs. on 1 hectare and periodic pruning of the lower branches of seedlings from the age of three at each reception up to 1 m in the lower part

5g of the barrel, while trimming is carried out before the period of the appearance of the mold features

It is carried out on experimental objects by double cutting of the lower lateral branches in each step with an extension along the stem up to 1 m. In the table. 7. Comparative taxation indicators are given for Karelian birch trees of various forms with pruning (experience) and without pruning (control) of branches. Tree

with pruning the branches are characterized by better, compared to the control, average indicators in height, diameter and volume of the trunk. This technique is recommended as needed.

silvicultural care in the formation of crops.

In the created cultures of Karelian birch with this method of cultivation, shaped traits at the age of 1025 years appear in 50% of trees grown from free pollination seeds, and up to 80% in birch with pre-planting, as well as from seeds of hybrid origin. Of thickened

crops and plantings are planted with single participation in the composition of the Karelian forms.

Formula of invention

The method of growing Karelian birch from seeds, including preparation of the soil, pre-sowing treatment and germination of seeds, sowing, cultivation

2g of seedlings and saplings in the nursery and cultures, characterized in that, in order to create conditions for the implementation of the ability of seed progeny to form an artistic wood texture, nurseries select areas with a high content of plant residues and organic substances, which are converted into mineral substances In the process of preparing the soil by fire reclamation, the seeding rate for wide-sowing is determined on the basis of cultivation per 1 running. m no more than 20 sunflowers, crops grown 5Q are grown in free growth with planting 1.2–1.5 thousand pcs. on 1 hectare and periodic pruning of the lower branches of seedlings from the age of three at each reception up to 1 m in the lower part

5g of the barrel, while trimming is carried out before the period of the appearance of the mold features

Table 1 Seed germination at different sowing densities, g / m linear

table 2

Taxation indicators of various forms of Karelian birch with and without boughing

High with a twist on

Claims (1)

Formula of the invention 30 A method of growing Karelian birch from seeds, including soil preparation, pre-sowing treatment and seed germination, sowing, growing ₃₅ seedlings and seedlings in a nursery and crops, characterized in that, in order to create conditions for the realization of the ability of seed offspring to form an artistic wood texture, under nursery selected areas with a high content of plant residues and organic substances are converted into minerals in about ₄₅ cession soil preparation by firing reclamation rate you eva shirokostrochnom sowing seeds at the rate determined by cultivation on 1 running. m not more than 20 seedlings, cultures are grown in free growth with planting 1.2-1.5 thousand pieces. per 1 ha and periodically pruning the lower branches of seedlings from the age of three at each dose up to 1 m in the lower part 55 of the trunk, while trimming is carried out before the period of manifestation of shaped features. Table 1 Seed germination at different planting density, g / m linear Sowing conditions Laboratory germination of seeds,% 40 j 50 J 60 J 7080 In the open field 2.7 1.3 0.9 0.70.5 Under the film 1.3 0.6 0.4 0.30.2 0.4 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 table 2 Taxation indices of various forms of Karelian birch with and without trimming Karelian birch forms Experience The control Barrel diameter at a height of 1.3 m, D, cm Height N, m The volume of the barrel V, DM ³ D cm N, m V, dm ³ Highly tiled with signs of Wood patterning 4.8 5.0 4.0 . 3,5 4.3 1.9 Short-bore with signs 3.9 3.8 1.4 2.7 3,1 1,1 Bushy with signs 2.1 2.7 0.8 1,6 2,4 0.5 No signs of patterned wood 4.9 5.3 5.2 4.4 4.9 4.0 Culture average 4.0 4.7 3,7 '3,5 4.3 2,5