RU2735267C1 - Method for production of animal feedstuffs for farm animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agriculture. Method for production of mixed feed in form of dry extruded granules for gobies-neutered in age to 2.5-year-old age and with live weight from 300 kg and higher is characterized by that it envisages mixing and milling dry feed components, adding a nosode complex and flour from Musca Domestica larval biomass, temperature treatment of produced mixture on extruder and granules drying. All components are taken at the specified ratio.

EFFECT: invention allows to increase biological value of fodder for farm animals, increase preservation of animals by 3–5 %, to grow their live weight on average by 10–25 % more, lower probability of leukaemia in swine and cattle, promote normal growth and development of individuals, improve quality of their meat and comply with existing standards.

1 cl, 6 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to the production of compound feed, namely to feed for farm animals - piglets weighing from 4 to 10 kg, pigs weighing from 70 to 100 kg, calves regardless of gender at the age of 14 days to 120 days, castrated bulls up to 2.5 years of age and live weight from 300 kg and more. A feature of the compound feed is nosodes obtained from the lens of fish. The lens of fish contains a protein enzyme, which is used as a nosode in combination with mineral raw materials in the form of an additive. For piglets in combination with dicalcium phosphate, for calves in combination with fodder calcium phosphate and chalk. To increase the nutritional value of the feed, add the flour of the Musca Domestica larvae.

A method for the production of compound feed in the form of dry extruded granules for castrated bulls under the age of 2.5 years and with a live weight of 300 kg and more, characterized in that it provides for mixing and grinding dry feed components, adding a nosode complex and flour from biomass of Musca Domestica larvae, heat treatment of the resulting mixture on an extruder and drying of the granules, while the initial components are taken in the following ratio, wt. %:

Corn 16.0 Barley, oats 25.0 Wheat bran 15.0 Sunflower meal, soybean 20.0 Biomass flour 5.0 Feed yeast, hydrolytic 5.0 Sugar 10.0 Calcium phosphate feed 1.0 Table salt 1.0 Premix (PKK PKR-2) 1.99 Nosodes 0.01

The use of this invention will increase the biological value of feed for farm animals, increase the safety of animals by 3-5%, will allow them to grow their live weight by an average of 10-25% more, reduce the likelihood of leukemia (Leukemia) in pigs and cattle, promote normal growth and the development of individuals, improves the quality of their meat and meets the current standards:

In the economic aspect, the production of compound feed is not costly, due to the low cost of the components. It should also be noted that the production of such compound feed does not have a negative impact on the environment.

German patent No. 4325658 describes a method for the production of feed containing pharmacologically active substances. Feed additives with pharmacological activity in accordance with their legal use in feed. Mixing takes place mechanically in a mixer with the introduction of an active additive. Then the compound feed is extruded. Additional manufacturing steps and the degradation process result in significant loss of active ingredients due to increased pressure and temperature. These loads can either indirectly reduce the concentration of the active ingredients or the active substance.

The disadvantage of the invention is the fact that the compound feed is intended for individual (piece by piece) applications in small quantities and is unsuitable for the manufacture of feed on a production scale, and this method cannot ensure uniform distribution of the drug in the feed mass.

Known domestic patent RU 2053685 C1, compound feed for pigs. According to the composition, the feed for pigs contains: liprin, sodium ascorbate, vegetable components of the starter feed and additionally soybean extrudate. With the following ratio of components: soybean extrudate 10-20, Fuza 4-8, Liprin 5-15 Sodium ascorbate 0.01-0.02, standard feed. The proposed recipe for pig feed is designed to increase live weight gain, reduce feed costs for growth and reduce its cost, salt extrudate, fuse, sodium ascorbate and liprin are introduced into the feed for pigs instead of high-protein expensive animal and vegetable feeds of fish and meat and bone meal, feed yeast, sunflower meal.

The disadvantage of the known feed mixture is that a high percentage of liprin is introduced into the feed mixture. It is known that liprin contains a large amount of sodium chloride (NaCl), which, when added to a feed mixture for animals with a single stomach (pigs and poultry), adults over 1% and young animals over 0.4-0.5% causes gastrointestinal upset. - intestinal tract, salt poisoning and death of animals. The use of sodium ascorbate is not recommended with pathologies of the kidneys and urinary tract of animals. This is due to the fact that in the body it is converted to oxalic acid, interacting with calcium, sodium ascorbate leads to the formation of kidney stones.

The objective of the invention is to create a functional compound feed without these disadvantages, including all the necessary macro- and microelements for normal growth and development of individuals, capable of improving the quality of meat.

The analysis of existing prototypes and analogues, as well as the proposed technical solutions, showed that the use of the nosode complex as a food additive meets the criterion of "novelty".

New types of compound feed are produced in the form of dry extruded granules. Compound feed is produced using the following technology:

- dry feed components, mineral and vitamin supplements are crushed together with nosodes (for piglets, nosodes are mixed with dicalcium phosphate, for calves - with a premix (vitamins A, D, E are included in the composition). Macro-microelements: calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, zinc, copper, iron, cobalt, iodine, selenium, antioxidants, vegetable oil, fillers (depending on the recipe)), pre-ground flour of Musca Domestica larvae and mixed in a mixer.

The technology for the production of new types of compound feed consists of the following stages:

- compound feed is enriched with microadditives in a dry way using microdispensers for continuous dosing. The technological process of enrichment with micro-additives includes grinding, screening and mixing of micro-additives with a powdery filler. The finished mixture from the hopper goes to the dispenser of the main ingredient dosing line;

- after mixing and moistening, the raw mass is sent to the scraper, in which the mass exchange takes place.

- after which the raw material is crushed and stored in a hopper - storage, the volume of which is equal to the hopper - a stripper (the process takes about 12 hours, but the temperature should not be lower than 15 degrees C °);

- out of the storage bin, the dried and crushed raw material is extruded at a pressure of up to 80 atm and a temperature of 120-180C ° in the exposure of the extruder is 2 seconds. Part of the water (5%) is added for the extruder to operate; during the processing, the moisture content of the raw material is reduced to 7-9%

- from the extruder the hot product is thrown out onto the cooling conveyor; cooling occurs to ambient temperature;

- packaging of finished products.

Wheat for making flour / cereals for compound feed is regulated by GOST R 54078-2010. Wheat is widely grown, rich in carbohydrates (63.7 g per 100 g of product), vitamins B and E. The percentage of components in wheat: proteins - 15%, fats - 2%, carbohydrates - 20%.

Sunflower meal (GOST 11246-96) is the most widespread and has a high feed value. Exchange energy - 303 kcal per 100 g of the product. Protein content - 36%, fat - 13%), carbohydrates - 18%.

In the sunflower meal there is a residual amount of sunflower oil, which has high quality indicators, incomparable with fodder oil: low oxidation, high content of vitamin E and phospholipids, contains B vitamins, beta-carotene. The protein contained is complete in amino acid composition, especially in comparison with cereal feed. The fiber content affects the digestibility of food and is necessary in the diets of all individuals.

Barley for the production of flour / cereals for compound feed is regulated by GOST R 53900-2010. In terms of nutritional properties, it surpasses oats, but has a higher prime cost, however, its addition to compound feed intensively affects the weight gain of animals, since it contains 9-11% protein.

Soybean meal (GOST 12220-96). Soy protein is well absorbed by the body of farm animals and is close to animal proteins in biological value. The high energy and protein content allows you to formulate high-protein and high-energy diets without the use of expensive fats.

Due to the short-term heating and high pressure at the exit from the extruder, the amino acid composition is retained in the soybean meal, and the extrusion-pressing treatment gives a pleasant smell and is well eaten.

Corn for the production of cereals / flour for compound feed is regulated by GOST R 53901-2010. Its advantage is that it has a good effect on the digestion process in animals. It contains 8.5% protein, 70%) starch, 4-8%) fat and 10.5% fiber, vitamins.

Premix (PKK PKR-2) is regulated by GOST 26573.0-2017. The composition includes vitamins: A, D, E, macro-microelements: calcium, magnesium, sulfur, manganese, zinc, copper, iron, cobalt, iodine, selenium, antioxidants, vegetable oil, fillers. It adds nutritional value to the compound feed that animals need.

Studies of the influence of nosodes were carried out on aquarium fish Gourami (Trichogaster), patients with lymphocystis (Lymphocystis). Fish were selected and placed in 2 separate aquariums. The experiment lasted 14 days, during which the first group of fish was fed with ordinary pelleted food, and the second with the same food enriched with a nosode complex from the lens of the fish Danio rerio. In individuals of the second control group, less pronounced tumor nodes were noted, while the structure of the cells changed, approaching healthy ones.

The Danio rerio fish was used as a test object to test the extraction of nosodes, which can be suitable for all vertebrates, since the lens genes in all vertebrates are 85-90% identical, it is also easily accessible and multiplies quickly.

Method 1

The method for the production of a new compound feed for castrated bulls under the age of 2.5 years and a live weight of 300 kg and above is carried out in the form of dry extruded granules, characterized in that it provides for mixing and grinding dry feed components, adding nosodes and flour from the biomass of Musca Domestica larvae, heat treatment of the resulting mixture on an extruder and drying of the granules, while the initial components are taken in the following ratio, wt. %:

In total, the components are 100 wt. %.

Method 2

The method for the production of a new compound feed for piglets reared weighing from 4 to 10 kg is carried out in the form of dry extruded granules, characterized in that it provides for mixing and grinding of dry feed components, adding nosodes and flour from the biomass of Musca Domestica larvae, heat treatment of the resulting mixture for extruder and drying the granules, while the original components are taken in the following ratio, wt. %:

Corn Barley without film Wheat Soybean meal Sunflower meal Biomass flour Wheat bran Fodder yeast Animal fat Herbal flour Dicalcium phosphate a piece of chalk Table salt Nosodes

In total, the components are 100 wt. %.

Method 3

The method for the production of a new compound feed for young pigs (mumps and boletus) with a live weight of 70 to 100 kg is carried out in the form of dry extruded granules, characterized by the fact that it provides for mixing and grinding dry feed components, adding nosodes and flour from the biomass of Musca Domestica larvae , temperature treatment of the resulting mixture on an extruder and drying of the granules, while the initial components are taken in the following ratio, wt. %:

Barley Corn Wheat bran Biomass flour Soybean meal Fodder yeast Dicalcium phosphate a piece of chalk Table salt Nosodes

In total, the components are 100 wt. %.

Method 4

The method for the production of a new compound feed for calves, regardless of gender, aged from 14 days to 120 days, is carried out in the form of dry extruded granules, characterized in that it provides for mixing and grinding of dry feed components, adding nosodes and flour from the biomass of Musca Domestica larvae, heat treatment the resulting mixture on an extruder and drying the granules, while the original components are taken in the following ratio, wt. %:

In total, the components are 100 wt. %.

Analysis for mycotoxins by enzyme immunoassay in accordance with GOST 31653-2012 confirmed the safety of using the developed feed.

The use of new compound feeds made it possible to increase the biological value of feed for farm animals, to increase the safety of animals by 3-5%, to grow them in live weight by an average of 10-25% more.

Claims (2)

A method for the production of compound feed in the form of dry extruded granules for castrated bulls under the age of 2.5 years and with a live weight of 300 kg and more, characterized in that it provides for mixing and grinding dry feed components, adding a nosode complex and flour from biomass of Musca Domestica larvae, heat treatment of the resulting mixture on an extruder and drying of granules, while the initial components are taken in the following ratio, wt%: Corn 16.0 Barley, oats 25.0 Wheat bran 15.0 Sunflower meal, soybean 20.0 Biomass flour 5.0 Feed yeast, hydrolytic 5.0 Sugar 10.0 Calcium phosphate feed 1.0 Table salt 1.0 Premix (PKK PKR-2) 1.99 Nosodes 0.01