RU2569628C1 - Method of feeding young pigs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to livestock production, in particular to a method of feeding young pigs. The method comprises adding to the compound feed of micro-additive consisting of 0.5 kg/t of biologically active supplement "Prostor" and 100 mg/head per day of meal of fly larvae Hermetia illucens.

EFFECT: use of the invention enables to increase the growth rate of piglets, to reduce feed consumption per unit of production, to improve the economical efficiency of production.

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Description

The invention relates to animal husbandry, in particular to a method for feeding young pigs.

A known method of feeding farm animals, including zeolites, coniferous flour, larvae of synanthropic flies in the diet of animals, the ingredients included in the diet in the last 14 days of feeding in the amount of grams per head per day: zeolites 250-500, coniferous flour 50-100, larvae synanthropic flies 20-50. The use of this invention allows to improve the taste of meat of animals (Patent RU No. 2467568, A01K 67/00, 2006).

The disadvantage of this method is that it does not take into account the effect on the productivity of animals of high-quality protein supplements from larvae of synanthropic flies that can replace the more expensive protein components of complete feeds.

Known methods for feeding animals with probiotic preparations, combined enzyme-probiotic preparations, as well as complex synbiotic preparations, in which probiotics are combined with prebiotics and / or various biologically active substances contained, for example, in the cell walls of yeast or medicinal plants (Ushakova N.A. , Nekrasov R.V., Pravdin V.G., Kravtsova L.Z., Bobrovskaya O.I., Pavlov D.S. A new generation of probiotic feed preparations // Basic Research 2012 No. 1, C. 184-192.), (De Preter V., Hamer N.M., Windey K., Verbeke K. The impact of pre- and / or probiotics on human colonic metabolism: Does it affect human health? // Molecular Nutrition & Food Research Volume 55, Issue 1, P. 46-57, January 2011). One way to solve this problem is to balance the probiotic preparation with prebiotics and phytocomponents. These drugs are new synbiotics of the Prostor type, which are distinguished by a combination of probiotics with prebiotics - beet pulp pectins, mannans and glucans of the cell walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and phytobiotics of medicinal plants - echinacea purpurea and spotted milk thistle fruits No. 24 No. 146 / 16, A23K 1/14 2006).

This drug has not been tested in pigs.

A known method of feeding piglets 60-108 days of age, taken as a prototype, including the introduction into the feed of dry beer grains enriched with the probiotic "Probiocel", in the amount of 6% by weight of the feed. The introduction of the probiotic "Probiocel" as a biologically active additive in animal feed helps to increase the digestibility of feed and increase animal growth. However, a high level of fiber limits the use of beer grains in the feed composition (Patent RU No. 2284703, A23K 1/06, A23K 1/165, 2006).

When creating the present invention, the task was to increase the growth rate of piglets, reduce feed consumption per unit of production and increase the economic efficiency of production.

The technical result of the invention is achieved by the fact that the proposed method of feeding young pigs, including the introduction into the feed of microadditive, consisting of 0.5 kg / t dietary supplement "Prostor" and 100 mg / goal per day of flour from the larvae of the fly Hermetia Illucens.

Housefly larvae (Musca domestica) are known. The larvae of the Black Lion fly (Hermetia Illucens) are characterized by more intensive growth, reaching a mass of up to 220 mg, a length of 27 mm and a width of 6 mm (Fradkin V. Livestock feed insects. [Electronic resource] // Nauka, 2014: http: / /www.dw.de/home-scotto- is fed by insects/a-1767868 (accessed: 06/11/2014). Larvae are the raw material for the preparation of high-protein flour that can compete with fish.

The larvae of the fly Hermetia illucens have high nutritional properties and are rich in high-grade protein. At the same time, the larvae of the fly Hermetia illucens, compared with the larvae of other species of flies, have a shorter development cycle and more intensive growth - by 18 days they reach a live weight of 220 mg.

The disadvantage is that flour prepared from the larvae of the Black Lion fly (Hermetia Illucens) is not used to feed young pigs.

Example. In the physiological yard of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Animal Husbandry named after academician L.K. Ernst carried out a physiological experiment on a hybrid (F-1: KBhL) stock of boars during the growing period at the age of 61-87 days, with an initial live weight of about 17.1 kg. 4 groups of hogs were formed on the basis of analogues (taking into account the origin, age and live weight) of 3 heads each. The experimental design is presented in table 1.

The material characterizing the growth rate of pigs during the experiment and the cost of feed per unit of product received are presented in tables 2 and 3.

According to the results presented in table 2, we can conclude that there was a tendency to increase their live weight under the influence of fed factors, the maximum increase in animals of the experimental groups was 6.7-14.4% higher compared to the analogues of the control group. Therefore, the new non-traditional protein component that we are studying, the larvae of the fly Hermetia illucens, can be considered as an alternative to fishmeal, since it did not negatively affect the gain in live weight, and the additional administration of the Prostrik Prostiotic and flour from the larvae of the flies in the complex improved their performance.

Regarding the cost of feed (table 3) to obtain a unit of production, the indicators in the experimental groups were lower than the control by 0.2-0.3 kg or 8.0-12.0%, respectively. Also, the exchange energy costs per 1 kg of growth were less by 0.5; 1.19 and 2.19 MJ, or 1.7; 4.1 and 7.5%.

The data obtained indicate that the animals of the experimental groups better used the nutrients of the feed to increase live weight.

The daily individual accounting of consumed feed and excreted feces carried out during the period of physiological studies, based on their chemical composition, made it possible to calculate the digestibility ratios of nutrients of compound feeds (Table 4).

Studies have shown a significant difference (P <0.05) when comparing the digestibility ratios of feed nutrients in animals of the experimental and control groups: an increase in dry matter (within 5.0%), organic matter (4.7-5.8%), fiber (21.5%), BEV (5.3-5.7%) in favor of the former. Reliability was not found for protein, but there is a tendency for pigs to better digest experimental groups within 3.0%, and fat digestibility coefficients were at the same level in all boars. This indicates the best use of food nutrients by experimental animals, which is confirmed by the average daily increase, which was 14.4% higher in the 4-experimental group.

Thus, feeding a new non-traditional feed additive - larvae of the fly Hermetia illucens against the background of balanced complete feeds both in a dose of 7.0% and in an amount of 100.0 mg (in combination with the Prostor synbiotic) did not negatively affect the physiological processes in the body of pigs and their productivity. This indicates that it can be considered both as a rational alternative to traditional food (fish meal), satisfying the needs of piglets during the growing period, and as a biologically active agent in combination with a synbiotic drug.

During the balance experiment for the study of protein metabolism, the balance and nitrogen utilization by boars were calculated (Table 5).

The nitrogen consumption was the same and amounted to 45.5 g, and its retention in animals of the experimental groups was different and was higher in the 4-experimental group by 2.84 g (when compared with the analogues from the control group). When comparing the data on the use of nitrogen from the accepted and digested, a tendency to increase is seen, which is especially clearly seen between the analogues of the control and 4-experimental groups by - 6.2 and 4.6%.

An analysis of the obtained data demonstrates that the introduction of a new unconventional component, the larvae of the Hermetia illucens fly, into feeds contributed to better utilization and deposition of nitrogen, and, as a result, higher gains in live weight (533.3 g versus 500.0 g). And an additional injection of Prostiotic probiotic and Hermetia illucens microdose (4-trial) yielded a gain in live weight of 571.8 g, which was higher compared to the 3-test (without the addition of Hermetia illucens - 541.0 g) by 5.4 %, and 14.4% in comparison with the control.

The results of these experiments indicate that:

- feeding a feed additive from the larvae of the Hermetia illucens fly against a background of balanced complete feeds in a dose of up to 7.0% does not negatively affect the physiological processes in the pig’s body and their productivity and increases the intensity of their growth, reduces feed costs and their cost.

Feeding against the background of balanced full-feed mixed fodder microadditives from 0.5 kg / t dietary supplement “Prostor” and 100 mg / goal per day of flour from the larvae of the Hermetia illucens fly increases growth by 14.4%, and reduces the cost of feed by 1 kg of growth to 12 %, increased digestibility of feed nutrients.

The invention is applicable to farms and complexes for growing and fattening pigs.

Claims (1)

A method of feeding young pigs, including the introduction of feed additives into the feed, characterized in that a microadditive consisting of 0.5 kg / t of dietary supplement “Prostor” and 100 mg / goal per day of flour from the larvae of the Hermetia illucens fly is introduced into the feed.