RU2379943C2 - Complete granulated compound feed for vegetable feeders and its production method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry, feed.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural industry particularly to feeds for vegetable feeders such as rabbits, nutrias, chinchillas and woodchucks. Compound feed based on ground and granulated mixture of grass powder, oats, barley, wheat bran, sunflower ground oil-cake, molasses, table salt, feed chalk, premix for vegetable feeders P-90-1, mineral additive with binding characteristics, bentonite and hard wood sawdust. All ingredients are added in accordance with certain ratio. Method provides for grinding, mixing and granulating the compound feed containing grass powder, wheat bran, sunflower ground oil-cake, oats, barley, hard wood sawdust, table salt, feed chalk and premix for vegetable feeders P-90-1. Granulating is accompanied by adding molasses and mineral additives having binding characteristics, bentonite at 0.28-0.33 MPa and 140-150°C. Compound feed is produced for mature animals with a granule diametre of 4.7 mm and for young animals with a granule diametre of 3.3-4 mm.

EFFECT: invention enables to produce compound feed favourable for proper digestion, improving the body's immune system, quality of the hair coat, improving breeding capacity, favourable for growing capacity, viability and safety of the young and satisfying physiological needs of the body.

2 cl, 1 tbl

Description

The invention is intended for use in the field of animal feed production, in particular, full-grain granulated compound feeds for herbivorous animals. Compound feed can be used with any systems of keeping and breeding herbivorous animals.

Many different recipes of compound feeds for herbivorous animals are known, but each of them has its drawbacks.

Known animal feed containing (in%): corn - 25%, barley - 25%, peas - 12%, wheat bran - 15%, sunflower meal - 8%, fish meal - 2%, meat and bone meal - 3%, yeast feed - 3%, grass meal - 5%, chalk - 1.5%, salt - 0.5% (RU 2063145, А23К 1/00, 10.17.96).

Compound feed for animals based on a granular and crushed mixture is also known, containing (in%): grass meal - 4%, grain mixture of wheat - 30% with corn - 25.3%, sunflower meal - 13%, fish meal - 5 %, yeast - 3%, bone meal - 0.6%, chalk - 3%, shell, limestone - 4.7%, salt - 0.4%, premix - 1 or protein-vitamin-mineral supplement (SU 1674769 Al , A23K 1/00, 09/07/91).

The disadvantage of these feeds is the low fiber content necessary for the normal digestion of herbivorous animals. The closest is compound feed for rabbits containing (in%): grass meal - 20-30%, straw flour - 10-20%, ground oats (wheat) - 14-16%, wheat bran - 9%, oilcake, meal (sunflower , soybean) - 14-18%, fish (meat) flour - 2%, hydrolysis yeast - 1%, bone meal - 0.5%, common salt 0.5%, premix - 1% (Kalugin Yu.A. Feeding rabbits. M: Agropromizdat, 1985, p. 71-77, tab. 27).

The disadvantage of this feed is a complex component composition and a high content of straw flour, which negatively affects the digestibility of the nutrients of the feed.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a complete granulated feed for herbivorous animals - rabbits, nutria, chinchillas, marmots corresponding to the physiological needs of animals, suitable for any keeping and breeding systems, environmentally friendly high-quality product.

The problem is achieved in that feed for herbivorous animals contains the following components in% by mass fraction:

Oats - 25%

Herbal flour - 20%

Barley - 15%

Wheat bran - 15%

Sunflower meal - 15%

Hardwood sawdust - 5%

Molasses - 2.5%

Salt - 0.3% -0.4%

Chalk feed - 1%

Premix for herbivores P 90-1 - 1%

Mineral additive with a binding ability - bentonite - 0.1% -0.2%

The task is also achieved by the fact that the method of producing compound feed for herbivorous animals includes grinding and mixing the components of the compound feed, granulating the feed mixture with the addition of molasses and a mineral additive with a binder, bentonite at a pressure of 0.28-0.33 MPa and a temperature of 140- 150 ° C. Compound feed is produced with a pellet diameter of 4.7 mm for adult animals and 3.3-4 mm for young animals.

To obtain feed use the following components:

Herbal flour is a product of high-temperature artificial drying of the green mass of herbs. The most valuable raw material for the preparation of herbal flour is the green mass of alfalfa, clover and their mixture with cereal herbs in the budding phase.

Wheat bran - a by-product of milling and cereal production is the outer shell of grains with an admixture of embryos.

Sunflower meal is a by-product of oil extraction production. In animal husbandry, it is a valuable protein concentrated feed, rich in vitamin E and group B.

Hardwood sawdust is a by-product of woodworking production, characterized by a high fiber content.

Oats and barley are cereal fodder crops. Oats are the most common fodder crop. Compared to oats, barley is richer in nitrogen-free extractive substances, but there is less fat and fiber in it.

Molasses is a by-product of the processing of sugar beets into sugar and is the residue after sugar extraction from diffuse juice. Small amounts of molasses are considered a good carbohydrate and flavoring additive to the diets of farm animals, in addition, it is a binder in the granulation of animal feed.

Edible salt - refers to mineral feed and is an essential component of each diet.

Feed chalk - refers to mineral feed, contains Ca.

Premix for herbivores P 90-1 is a homogeneous mixture of biologically active substances (vitamins, minerals, antioxidant) and wheat bran filler. The premix recipe is developed on the basis of the norms for entering biologically active substances into the diet of herbivorous animals.

A mineral additive with a binding ability - bentonite - is a binder in the granulation of animal feed and adsorbent.

Bentonite is a highly effective natural monomineral supplement with a wide range of macro- and microelements. Bentonites are finely dispersed, highly plastic clays with binding and sorption properties. They are used in animal husbandry as a binder in the manufacture of feed pellets (table 1).

Thus, the resulting feed is polnoratsionny, contributes to the preservation of the health of herbivorous animals and meets their physiological needs. High results in the feeding of herbivorous animals are achieved through the use of the specified composition of the components and the improvement of their quality through the use of such a method of moisture and heat treatment as granulation.

Table 1 Feed components in% by mass fraction Granulation Process Parameters Pellet quality indicators one 2 3 Oats - 25; grass meal - 20; barley - 15; wheat bran - 15; sunflower meal - 15; sawdust of deciduous trees - 5; molasses - 2.5; table salt - 0.3-0.4; feed chalk - 1; premix for herbivores P 90-1-1; mineral additive with binding ability - bentonite - 0.1-0.2 Pressure - 0.28 - 0.33 MPa Granule crumbling - 3.5% Temperature - 140-150 ° C Sieve passage ⌀2 mm - 0.5%

Claims (2)

1. Complete granular compound feed for herbivorous animals - rabbits, nutria, chinchillas, marmots based on the crushed and granulated mixture of grass flour, oats, barley, wheat bran, sunflower meal, molasses, table salt, chalk feed, premix for herbivorous animals P-90 -1 and a mineral additive with a binding ability, bentonite, characterized in that it additionally contains sawdust of deciduous trees in the following ratio of components in% by mass fraction:
oats 25 grass meal twenty barley fifteen wheat bran fifteen sunflower meal fifteen hardwood sawdust 5 molasses 2,5 table salt 0.3-0.4 feed chalk one premix for herbivores P-90-1 one binder mineral supplement ability - bentonite 0.1-0.2 2. A method of producing a full-grain granular feed for herbivorous animals - rabbits, nutria, chinchillas, marmots, including grinding, mixing and granulating a feed mixture containing grass meal, wheat bran, sunflower meal, oats, barley, sawdust of deciduous trees, salt, feed chalk, premix for herbivores P - 90-1, characterized in that the feed mixture is granulated with the addition of molasses and a mineral additive with binding ability - bentonite at a pressure of 0.28- 0.33 MPa and a temperature of 140-150 ° C, compound feed is produced for adult animals with a pellet diameter of 4.7 mm and for young animals with a pellet diameter of 3.3-4 mm.