RU2236149C2 - Feed mixture for farm animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: feed production, in particular, production of animal feeds with the use of brewing industry wastes, such as brewers' draff.

SUBSTANCE: feed mixture includes brewers' draff, cereal flour, baking industry wastes, chalk or limestone, tricalcium phosphate, ground grain, dry brewing yeast, ground cacao bean husk, vegetable oil, salt, and premix. Said components are used in the following ratio, wt%: brewers' draff 8-12; dry brewing yeast 2-3; cereal flour 4-6; ground cacao bean husk 8-12; vegetable oil 2-3; chalk or limestone 0.5; tricalcium phosphate 1; ground hardtack 1; salt 0.5; premix 1; ground grain the balance. Resultant granular feed mixture comprises micro- and macroelements, basic unsubstituted amino acids, vitamins and readily digestible hydrocarbons.

EFFECT: high nutritive value of feed mixture owing to availability of micro and macroelements and vitamins in its composition, and improved gustatory qualities allowing animal productivity to be increased and costs per unit of gain to be reduced.

3 cl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to feed production, in particular to the production of feed based on brewing waste, namely beer pellets, for farm animals.

Feed mixtures for farm animals based on brewing waste are widely known.

Known feed for farm animals, including beer pellets, grain waste, malt sprouts, spent brewer's yeast (RU Patent No. 2086144, A 23 K 1/06, 1997).

Known feed additive for farm animals containing beer pellets, meat and bone and / or bone meal and blood of slaughtered animals (RU, patent No. 2115330, A 23 K 1/06, 1998).

It is known to use crushed and dried feed for farm animals containing beer pellets, grain waste, sawdust, peat with a degree of decomposition of up to 20% and / or waste from the confectionery, starch and / or fruit and vegetable industry. As grain waste use husk rice and / or buckwheat, and / or sunflower. As the waste of the fruit and vegetable industry, waste is used in the production of green peas, and / or apple juice, and / or tomatoes. Waste wafers and / or cocoa shells are used as wastes from the confectionery industry. As waste starch industry use waste from the production of starch products from potatoes, corn, rice and wheat (RU Patent No. 22124846, A 23 K 1/16, 1999).

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a feed mixture for farm animals containing beer grains, cereal flour, baking industry waste and mineral additives (Draganov I.F. Fattening of farm animals on bard and beer pellet. M .: VNIITEIagroprom, 1988, p. .28-35).

The specified feed mixture has insufficient nutritional value.

The technical result of the claimed feed mixture is to obtain feed with high nutritional value, improved taste, allowing to increase the productivity of animals and reduce costs per unit of growth.

To achieve the technical result, a feed mixture for farm animals containing beer grains, cereal flour, waste from the baking industry, mineral additives according to the invention additionally contains crushed grain, dried brewer's yeast, ground cocoa shell, vegetable oil, salt, premix, and as mineral additives feed mixture contains chalk or limestone and tricalcium phosphate in the following ratio, wt.%:

Beer pellet 8-12

Dry beer yeast 2-3

Cereal flour 4-6

Ground Cocoa Shell 8-12

Vegetable oil 2-3

Chalk or limestone 0.5

Tricalcium phosphate 1

Bakery waste 1

Table salt 0.5

Premix 1

Crushed grain

In addition, the feed mixture contains beer grains squeezed to a moisture content of 20%.

In addition, it contains crushed bread crumbs as a waste from the baking industry.

The claimed feed mixture can be used when feeding farm animals, both independently and as an additive to traditional feed for specific animals. However, they can feed any age category of farm animals.

The feed mixture is a yellow to brown micro-granulated powder, free-flowing, with a moisture content of 13.6%, an exchange energy of 10.9 MJ, an ash content of 6.7%.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1. To prepare the feed mixture take the following components, wt.%:

Dried Beer Shot

to humidity 20% 8

Dry beer yeast 3

Cereal flour 6

Ground Cocoa Shell 12

Vegetable oil 3

Chalk 0.5

Tricalcium phosphate 1

Crushed bread crumbs 1

Table salt 0.5

Premix 1

Crushed grain The rest is up to 100%

Before mixing, these components are ground to a particle size of not more than 25 mm. The crushed components are mixed and loaded into a continuous dryer. Drying is carried out at a temperature of 60-80 ° C until the moisture content of the finished product reaches 13.6%. Then sent to the granulator. Granulation is carried out by pressing through a mesh with a particle diameter of 25 mm.

Example 2. Carried out analogously to example 1, except that the feed mixture is taken in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Dried Beer Shot

to humidity 20% 12

Dry beer yeast 2

Cereal flour 4

Ground Cocoa Shell 8

Vegetable oil 2

Limestone 0.5

Tricalcium phosphate 1

Crushed bread crumbs 1

Table salt 0.5

Premix 1

Crushed grain The rest is up to 100%

Example 3. Carried out analogously to example 1, except that the feed mixture is taken in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Dried Beer Shot

to humidity 20% 10

Dry beer yeast 2.5

Cereal flour 5

Ground Cocoa Shell 10

Vegetable oil 2.5

Limestone 0.5

Tricalcium phosphate 1

Crushed bread crumbs 1

Table salt 0.5

Premix 1

Crushed grain The rest is up to 100%

The experiments were carried out at the Petrovskoye and Kommunarka breeding plants.

The granular feed mixture was fed to black and white cattle with a blood content of Holstein breed from 5/8 to 7/8: including young animals of different ages and heifers, as well as dry and dairy cows with a productivity of up to 35 kg of milk per day.

The feed mixture was included in winter and summer feeding diets for different purposes: as an additional feed - an enrichment of rations with energy, nutrients, minerals and vitamins, as well as a substitute for compound feeds, partially or completely.

The indicators of milk yield, milk fat and protein content in it, as well as the increase in live weight were taken into account monthly.

With the introduction of the feed granular mixture in the diets of young cattle to enrich the rations and save feed, i.e. partial (up to 50-70%) replacement of compound feed by the claimed mixture, an increase in the average daily gain in live weight by 600-900 g was observed.

When a fodder granular mixture is included in dairy cow diets with a productivity of up to 20 kg per day, in order to enrich the diet and partially replace compound feed, the average daily milk yield per cow increased by 1.0–2.5 kg. The feed consumption per 1 kg of milk decreased by 10-15%.

With the inclusion of the feed granulated mixture in the diets of dairy cows with a productivity of up to 35 kg per day, in order to enrich the diet and partially replace the feed, the average daily milk yield per cow increased by 1.5-2.5 kg. The feed consumption per 1 kg of milk was reduced by 12-15%.

When a feed granulated mixture is included in the diets of dry cows to enrich the diet and save feed, i.e. partial replacement of the compound feed with the claimed mixture, the birth of healthy calves was observed. Biochemical, morphological parameters of blood and natural resistance were within the physiological norm.

The resulting granular feed mixture has improved quality indicators due to the content of micro and macro elements, essential essential amino acids, vitamins and easily digestible carbohydrates, as well as improved taste. When feeding the declared feed mixture to cattle, the increase in live weight increases by 2-5% compared with the control (traditional food according to the prototype), and also increases the milk productivity of animals.

Claims (3)

1. A feed mixture for farm animals containing beer grains, cereal flour, baking industry waste, mineral additives, characterized in that it additionally contains crushed grain, dry brewer's yeast, ground cocoa shell, vegetable oil, salt, premix, and as mineral additives feed mixture contains chalk or limestone and tricalcium phosphate in the following ratio, wt.%: Beer pellet 8 - 12 Dry beer yeast 2 - 3 Cereal flour 4 - 6 Ground Cocoa Shell 8 - 12 Vegetable oil 2 - 3 Chalk or limestone 0.5 Tricalcium phosphate 1 Bakery waste 1 Salt 0.5 Premix 1 Crushed grain 2. The feed mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a beer pellet pressed to a moisture content of 20%. 3. The feed mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that as waste from the baking industry, it contains crushed bread crackers.