RU2628857C2 - Method of training and evaluating visual-motor coordination of athlete in playing sports - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sports.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to physical culture and sports and is intended for training technical actions, as well as evaluating visual-motor coordination of athletes in playing sports. Invention is aimed at improving efficiency of training swerving by simulating with software and hardware system game situations and generation of game competitors – forbidden light zones on playing field with various inertance. This is achieved by that all lighting dynamic prohibited zones are optically are divided into two parts, which imitate front part of opponent and back thereof. Inertia of each prohibited zone on side of front part is les than on rear side. At same time, for approximation of training conditions to real game conditions all zones are rotated around their geometric centre unpredictably for athlete. Athlete evaluates simulated game situation, measures their capability with dynamic movement and rotation of selected prohibited zone and performs their swerve, with preference bypass on side of greatest inertance. With no errors – foot faults of athlete or sports projectile falling on prohibited zone, inertia of action of prohibited zone on one side or both sides is reduced, and their rotation speed is increased until athlete cannot correctly perform swerve, while performing said exercise.

EFFECT: based minimum mean arithmetic value of inertia of front and rear parts of zone, maximum rate of its rotation, at which an athlete, performing present exercise, avoids errors, technical preparedness of athlete and hand-eye coordination is determined.

1 cl

Description

The invention relates to physical education and sports, and is intended to train technical actions, as well as assessing the hand-eye coordination of an athlete in game sports.

Technical action training is most typical for the first stage of an athlete’s technical training, covering the so-called stage of “basic” technical training, in which the basic elements of stick or ball possession are transmission, dribbling, stroke, throw and hit [1-4].

The traditional methods of technical training are more than 40 years old, so the problem of growing technical skill is an entrenched system of teaching elements of technology. According to M. A. Vershinin and co-authors [5], a systematic approach to the development and improvement of the methodology for training technical actions in sports games is required, which involves the search and development of new solutions.

Light interactive panels and an interactive floor are known to which an image is transmitted, capable of changing depending on the movements of a person. Using interactive computer graphics allows you to create a large number of dynamic lighting effects on the surface of an interactive floor [6].

However, such systems are not intended for sports training.

A known method of training players and athletes with a sports equipment on the playing field, including the implementation of training on the field with controlled dynamic lighting. Using the dynamic lighting, the allowed zones are set in which the athlete must be holding the sports equipment, while the position, shape and area of the allowed zones are unpredictably changed for the athlete. If possible, the athlete to constantly be and keep the sports equipment in the permitted area is judged on the growth of sportsman’s sportsmanship and on the effectiveness of training [7].

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to train strokes using the deceptive movements of the athlete.

Close in technical essence to the proposed method is a method where the training of athletes with a sports equipment is carried out by forming light-dynamic forbidden zones that mimic the opposition of opposing players and purposefully move, preventing the athlete from moving. These zones react to a change in the direction of movement of the athlete with a given inertia due to the delay in movement due to the presence of the sensorimotor reaction time of rival players. The athlete's task is to evaluate the simulated game situation, to compare his technical and speed capabilities with the dynamics of the movement of the forbidden zones, to perform fraudulent movements and to stroke the forbidden light zones imitating the opponent [8].

The disadvantage of this method of training is a rough approximation and limitation in simulating the actions of an opponent.

Therefore, improving training methods, bringing them closer to the conditions of a real game remains an urgent task.

It is an indisputable fact that the effective stroke of an opponent is an indicator of the athlete’s high skill and experience, his ability to see his advantages over the opponent and use them in a timely manner.

The technical result to which the claimed invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of the stroke training by modeling game situations with the formation of game opponents - forbidden light zones with versatile inertia.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that light zones that are forbidden for the athlete to find are formed by the light emitter on the playing field, while the light zones mimic the opposition of opposing players and, purposefully moving, interfere with the athlete’s movement, react to a change in the direction of his movement with a given inertia, and the athlete evaluates the game situation, performs fraudulent movements and strokes the prohibited light zones; all the athlete’s movements are filmed by a video camera, the video image is transferred to a hardware-software complex that records the athlete’s movement, the athlete and / or sports equipment getting into the forbidden zone, and it’s new that the coach or athlete chooses a program that sets the training mode in which each forbidden zone - the light opponent is formed by a hardware-software complex of two parts, showing conditionally the front and back of the opponent;

the front and back of the forbidden zone differ from each other in color or brightness of lighting and are clearly visible to the athlete;

the reaction speed of the forbidden zone - its inertia of action from the front and back is set by a hardware-software complex with different values;

the inertia of the forbidden zone from the front is less than from the back, which imitates the opponent’s back;

each forbidden zone revolves around its geometric center, the speed and direction of its rotation are set by the hardware-software complex unpredictably for the athlete;

the athlete evaluates the simulated game situation, compares his capabilities with the dynamics of movement and rotation of the selected forbidden zone and makes its stroke, with the preference to bypass from the side with the greatest inertia;

in the absence of errors - athlete's interruptions or hit of a sports projectile on the forbidden zone, the inertia of the forbidden zone on one side or both sides is reduced, and their rotation speed is increased until the athlete can accurately make a stroke while performing this exercise;

by the minimum arithmetic mean value of the inertia of the front and rear parts of the zone, the maximum speed of its rotation, at which the athlete, performing this exercise, does not make mistakes, judge the athlete's technical preparedness and its hand-eye coordination.

The proposed method for training and evaluating the hand-eye coordination of an athlete in game sports is as follows.

The coach or athlete selects a program that sets the training mode, in which one or more forbidden light-dynamic zones that imitate opposing opponents are formed on the playing field. Depending on the athlete’s preparedness, the level of inertia of the opposing light-dynamic zones, their number, the speed of their movement and the difficulty level of the training are set. For beginners, the number of prohibited forbidden light-dynamic zones and the speed of their counteraction are minimal. More trained athletes are presented with complex tasks with the effect of the simultaneous presence of a large number of rivals, where the interactive tracking program transforms the environment with high speed, bringing it closer to the conditions and speeds of real competitions.

Each light-dynamic forbidden zone in this method is formed by a hardware-software complex of two parts, which are separated by a straight line with a contrasting border that separates different colors or areas that are different in brightness of illumination.

One of the parts of the zone conditionally displays the front of the opponent, and the other - the back.

Conditionally stipulated, the back of the forbidden zone imitates the opponent’s back. It indicates the direction of the lowest response rate - the greatest inertia of the forbidden zone.

The response inertia value from the front of the zone is minimal and differs from the response inertia value of the rear part by a predetermined amount. The inertia parameters on the sides of the zones are set by the hardware-software complex.

To bring training conditions closer to real playing conditions, each forbidden zone rotates around its geometric center. The speed and direction, the rhythm of changes in its rotation are set by the software and hardware complex unpredictably for the athlete.

The athlete’s task is to complete a training task, for example, hit an opponent’s goal by outlining the nearest opposing forbidden zones. In this case, the hit of a projectile or player in the area of the forbidden zone is considered an error.

The movement of the opposing light-dynamic zones that block the path to the athlete is set by the hardware-software complex and can be the same in simple exercises. In complex exercises, it can be counter, and / or transverse, and / or associated opposition, unpredictable for the athlete.

The athlete, entered into a game state, evaluates the simulated situation on the playing field, compares his capabilities with the task, the dynamics of the forbidden zones and selects zones for the stroke. Making a stroke, he tries to maximize his skill and, if possible, bypasses his light opponent from the side of his greatest inertia.

The hardware-software complex carries out video registration of the athlete’s locomotion and fixes all errors when completing the task.

In the absence of errors - athlete strikes or a sports equipment falling into the forbidden zone, the inertia is reduced, and their rotation speed is increased until the athlete can accurately trace.

The minimum arithmetic inertia of the front and rear parts of the zone, the maximum speed of its rotation, at which the athlete makes no mistakes, is judged on his technical readiness and functional condition.

When implementing the inventive method, well-known technical solutions and means can be used; for computer processing of information, known or original software can be used.

The inventive method allows to increase the efficiency of training of technical actions in game sports, as well as to evaluate the hand-eye coordination of athletes at all stages of their preparation.

This method makes it possible to organize the technical training of athletes at a qualitatively new level, where the training is as variable as possible, close to the actual conditions of the competition and has the effect of the presence of actively opposing rivals. The proposed method allows to intensify the development of athletes according to the required characteristics, taking into account the assessment of the current functional fitness of the player. Thanks to the artificially created environment, training tasks are carried out at an individual level of difficulty, with the optimal speed and the required number of repetitions until mastering the required skill. Comparing the results of indicators of multi-time training, you can assess the dynamics of the development of the athlete's technical preparedness and its hand-eye coordination.

Thus, the inventive method of training and evaluating the hand-eye coordination of an athlete in game sports has new properties that determine a positive effect.

Information sources

1. Suvorov V.V. Individual typological indicators of technical and tactical actions of football players 12-15 years old // Uchenye zapiski universiteta im. P.F. Lesgaft. - 2007. - No. 6. - S. 85-89.

2. Rami 3. M.A. Age differentiation of the composition of the selection criteria for young athletes for specialization in futsal // Bulletin of the Adygea State University. Ser. 3: Pedagogy and psychology. - 2011. - No. 2. - S. 232-236.

3. Plotnikov VV Technical and tactical training of hockey players at the stage of in-depth specialization // Omsk Scientific Bulletin. - 2012. - No. 5. - S. 211-214.

4. Bykov A.V. Programmed training in motor actions in team game sports // Bulletin of the Penza State Pedagogical University. V.G. Belinsky. - 2012. - No. 28. - S. 707-710.

5. Vershinin M.A., Korzun D.L., Moskvichev Yu.N. Comparative analysis of the technical and tactical actions of young football players // Fundamental Research. - 2013. - No. 6-4. - S. 976-981.

6. Eagles Hi-Tech // Marketingpro. - 2009. - No. 3. - V. 52. - P. 76.

7. Patent 2444392 of the Russian Federation, IPC А63В 69/00. The method of training players and athletes / Afonypin V.E .; publ. 03/10/12. Bull. Number 7.

8. Patent 2492896 of the Russian Federation, IPC А63В 71/00. A method for training technical actions in game sports / Afonypin V.E., Rozhentsov V.V .; publ. 09/20/2013. Bull. No. 26.

Claims (1)

A method for training and evaluating an athlete’s hand-eye coordination in game sports, in which light zones are forbidden to be found by the light emitter on the playing field, while the light zones mimic the opposition of opposing players and, by moving purposefully, interfere with the athlete’s movement, they react to change the direction of his movement with a given inertia, and the athlete evaluates the game situation, performs fraudulent movements and strokes the prohibited lights o zones; all movements of the athlete are filmed by a video camera, the video image is transferred to a hardware-software complex that records the athlete’s movement, the athlete and / or sports equipment getting into the prohibited area, and it’s new that the coach or athlete chooses a program that sets the training mode in which each prohibited the zone - the light rival - is formed by a software and hardware complex of two parts, showing conditionally the front and back of the opponent; the front and back of the forbidden zone differ from each other in color or brightness of lighting and are clearly visible to the athlete; the reaction speed of the forbidden zone — its inertia of action from the front and back — is set by a hardware-software complex with different values; the inertia of the forbidden zone from the front is less than from the back, which imitates the opponent’s back; each forbidden zone revolves around its geometric center, the speed and direction of its rotation are set by the hardware-software complex unpredictably for the athlete; the athlete evaluates the simulated game situation, compares his capabilities with the dynamics of movement and rotation of the selected forbidden zone and makes its stroke, preferring the pass from the side with the greatest inertia; in the absence of errors - athlete’s interruptions or hit of a sports equipment on the forbidden zone, the inertia of the forbidden zone on one side or both sides is reduced, and their rotation speed is increased until the athlete can accurately make a stroke while performing this exercise; by the minimum arithmetic mean value of the inertia of the front and rear parts of the zone, the maximum speed of its rotation, at which the athlete, performing this exercise, does not make mistakes, judge the athlete’s technical preparedness and its hand-eye coordination.