RU2608088C2 - Inner layer containing zigzag wood elements and multilayer composite containing inner layer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction, in particular to an inner layer containing zigzag wood elements and a multilayer composite including an inner layer, as well as methods of their production. Inner layer suitable for a multilayer composite material contains at least one coating layer and an inner layer. Inner layer comprises wood elements contain zigzag sheet sections, herewith a sheet zig-section of the element together with an adjacent sheet zag-section of the element form a common rib between them in order to form a zigzag wood element. Zigzag elements are arranged in the inner layer so, that two such ribs of the two different elements intersect at an angle other than zero and are rigidly connected to each other at the point of intersection. In one embodiment the zigzag wood element can be stuck to a planar wood element for the zigzag wood element in the form of a sandwich to be enclosed with two planar wood elements; or for the planar wood element to be enclosed with two zigzag wood elements in the form of a sandwich.

EFFECT: technical result is improvement of the structure strength.

16 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to an inner layer containing zigzag wood elements, wherein this inner layer is suitable for the manufacture of a multilayer composite or for use in a multilayer composite, preferably for the manufacture of a lightweight building board, and to a multilayer composite containing an inner layer. The invention further relates to a method for manufacturing an inner layer and a multilayer composite.

For the manufacture of multilayer composites, it is known to use composite materials that have a relatively high mechanical strength in comparison with their weight. Multilayer composites of this type are used, for example, in the form of lightweight building boards.

CH 254025 relates to a multilayer composite containing two covering sheets and an inner layer between them, the inner layer containing at least one layer of folded veneer. The veneer is folded at an angle to the direction of the fibers in the wood.

DE 42 01 201 refers to a semi-finished wood product or finished product made from sheet elements. Leaf elements can be zigzag. They may be present in random distribution along with flat elements.

DE 10 2008 022 806 relates to a lightweight building board having a wave-like layer of wood veneer. Waves can be zigzag.

Common to these multilayer composites is the fact that the inner layer contains a weakened structure. When a force is applied perpendicular to the surface of the multilayer composite, the latter performs a cushioning effect, since the inner layer can at least partially compress. The disadvantage of these weakened inner layers is that they may have low uniformity due to the relatively large cavities in the inner layer. When fasteners are introduced, such as, for example, nails, furniture fittings or screws, they can enter the cavities in the weakened inner layers. This may entail limited strength of the fasteners in the multilayer composite. This, in turn, can lead to a possible decrease in the strength of the multilayer composite on a support, for example, on a wall, if said multilayer composite is attached to the wall with nails or screws. In addition, the manufacture of large inner layers requires, respectively, large pieces of high quality veneer.

An object of the present invention is to provide an inner layer and a multilayer composite containing an inner layer, the multilayer composite having improved strength with respect to fastening with nails, furniture fittings or screws or similar fastening means to a support, for example, to a wall.

This task in accordance with the invention is achieved by using an inner layer suitable for a multilayer composite containing at least one covering layer and an inner layer, the covering layer being located so that it at least partially covers the inner layer and is rigidly connected to it, and using a multilayer composite containing an inner layer, the inner layer containing wood elements containing zigzag sections.

First aspect of the invention. Inner layer with features of the invention, containing zigzag wood elements

In a first aspect, the invention relates to an inner layer suitable for a multilayer composite comprising at least one covering layer and an inner layer, the covering layer being positioned so that it at least partially covers the inner layer and is rigidly connected thereto, the inner layer comprising wood elements containing zigzag leaf sections, wherein the zig section of the element, together with the adjacent zag section of the element, form a common rib between them so that the element is a zigzag nym, and wherein the elements are arranged in the inner layer so that two such edges two elements, which may be identical or different from each other, intersect at an angle different from zero, with the two elements are rigidly connected with each other at the intersection point.

As used in this disclosure, the term “inner layer suitable for a multilayer composite” means an inner layer suitable for the manufacture of a multilayer composite, or which may be present in a multilayer composite.

The expression “inner layer” as used herein means a layer containing a weakened structure, i.e., containing cavities. In accordance with the invention, the inner layer contains wood elements containing leaf sections. These sections are arranged in a zigzag element, the zig section of the element together with the adjacent zag section of the element form a common rib between them so that the wood element is zigzag. The expression `` zigzag '' is used as a synonym for the expression `` zigzag ''. Zigzag elements are located in the inner layer so that two such edges of the two elements intersect at an angle other than zero. At the point of intersection of the ribs, two elements are rigidly connected to each other. A suitable connecting agent is preferably an adhesive. Suitable adhesives are known in the prior art.

The term “coating layer” as used herein means a layer of material that preferably serves as a support for the inner layer. In accordance with the invention, the coating layer is positioned so that at least partially covers the inner layer and is rigidly connected to it. The inner layer can also be at least partially covered by at least two covering layers and can be rigidly connected to it. Preferably, the inner layer is then sandwiched between the two coating layers. The covering layer may consist of wood or contain wood. Other materials, such as sheet metals or plastics, can be used in a similar manner.

The expression “at least partially covers” as used herein provides that the coating layer may also completely cover or cover the inner layer.

The term “multilayer composite” as used herein means a composite consisting of at least one inner layer and at least one covering layer.

The expression 'non-zero angle' as used herein provides that the angle is not 180 ° or 360 °.

The term "element" used in this document means an integral part of the inner layer or multilayer composite.

The term “leaf sections” used in this document includes portions configured as surfaces. The surfaces may be smooth or uneven, in this case, preferably corrugated.

The expression `` wood elements containing zigzag leaf sections '' used herein includes a leaf wood element created to be present, for example, in a zigzag configuration, since the sheet is folded along the edge. Such a sheet can also be folded twice, so that the zig section is followed by the zag section, which in turn is followed by the zig section. Such a sheet can also be folded three times so that the zig section is followed by the zag section, followed by the zig section, which in turn is followed by the zag section; etc. Preferably, the ribs formed in the zig and zag sections in the wood element are parallel to each other.

The expressions `` zig-section '' and `` zag-section '' are used interchangeably. Both the zig and zag sections are leafy.

Thus, the invention, in one embodiment, also relates to an inner layer in which the wood elements comprise repeating portions of zigzag and zag leaf sections adjacent to each other, with common ribs formed between the sections preferably parallel to each other. Due to this arrangement of zig and zag sections, the element is zigzag or zigzag.

The term “edge” as used herein includes expressions similar to the “transition region between the zig and adjacent zag region”. This transitional section may be a clearly defined rib. The expression also includes an edge configured as a curved surface. In this embodiment, the zigzag wood element may also have folds in length. The expression `` rib '' used in this document thus includes a clear rib in the form of a line, as well as a wavy or corrugated rib in the form of a curved plane or a curved section between the zig section and the zag section. In this embodiment, the zigzag sections have a wave-like structure, that is, a wave peak is followed by a wave peak and vice versa.

Such ribs can be made by folding a sheet of wood. Preferably, the sheet element in this case is made in the form of veneer.

Suitable folding devices are known in the art. Preferably, the sheet wood element can be passed through a pair of profiling rollers at a high rotational speed, as described in DE 42 01 201. Preferably, folding takes place substantially perpendicular to the direction of the wood fibers. In one embodiment, the wood structure is pre

plasticized under the action of moisture and heat, at the same time bends, that is, it is clearly molded along the corresponding folding edge, preferably by local compression of wood fibers without weakening the adhesion of the wood part. Folding can be performed in such a way as to at least avoid a situation in which the zigzag sections in the zigzag (zigzag) element are returned back to their original position.

In a further embodiment, the rib is made by cutting. In one embodiment, the wood is cut for this purpose with a suitable knife or suitable cutting tool in a zigzag profile. Devices and methods are known from the prior art.

In one embodiment, folding or cutting is performed such that the length of the fibers in the resulting wood element is at least twice as long as the thickness of the zig-shaped or zag-shaped portion. The term “thickness” as used herein means the smallest distance between two surfaces of a zig or zag section. These surfaces are spaced apart by the thickness of the sheet zig or zag sections.

In one embodiment, the thickness of the sheet element is in the range of 0.2 mm to 2 mm.

The height of the zigzag wood elements is usually in the range from 0.8 mm to 8 mm. The expression `` height '' is defined as the shortest distance between two imaginary planes, between which a zigzag wood element can be located so that the edges formed between the zig sections and zag sections of the zigzag wood element lie on the inside of one of these planes.

In one embodiment, the thickness of the wood element is in the range of 0.2 mm to 2 mm, and the height of the zigzag wood element is in the range of 0.8 mm to 8 mm.

In one embodiment, the thickness of the zigzag wood element is not more than one tenth of the thickness of the inner layer. This ensures sufficient uniformity of the inner layer.

The dimensions of the zigzag wood elements in terms of width and length may vary. Preferably, the ranges are selected from 2 cm to 20 cm.

Zigzag or zigzag elements obtained by cutting or folding, if necessary, can be further reduced in size. Suitable cutting devices are known in the art.

Preferably, the rib or ribs formed by the zig and zag portions, or the zig and zag portions extend or extend parallel to the preferred direction of the fibers.

In one embodiment, the fibers of two different wood elements have the same preferred direction.

In a further embodiment, the fibers in two different wood elements have different preferred directions.

In one embodiment, an edge formed between the zig portion and the zag portion of the sheet wood element extends parallel to the fiber direction of the wood element.

Preferably, the rib formed between the zig portion and the zag portion of the sheet wood element extends perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood element.

Thus, this embodiment of the inner layer is also characterized in that one or more of said ribs extends or extends perpendicular to the preferred fiber direction of the wood-based wood member.

This preferably also means that in one embodiment, the direction of the fibers in the wood element extends in the direction of mutually adjacent zigzag sheet sections and perpendicular to their common ribs.

The expression “perpendicular to the direction of the fibers” means that it is also possible, for example, to deviate by an angle of up to 30 °.

In one embodiment, the inventive core layer comprises first leafy wood elements having zigzag sections and second wood elements having zigzag sections, the first and second zigzag wood elements being the same or different from each other. In one embodiment, the first and second wood elements differ in size or type of wood used. Preferably, the wood fibers in said first and second elements extend in the same preferred direction.

Usually, more than 50% of the wood elements in the inner layer are present so that they are rigidly connected to each other, and the zig section of the element together with the adjacent zag section of the element form a common edge with each other, and the elements are located in the inner layer so that two such edges of two different elements intersect at an angle different from zero, and the two elements are rigidly connected to each other at the intersection point. Wood elements are present in the inner layer, preferably in a random distribution.

Preferably, more than 60%, or more than 70%, or more than 80%, or more than 90%, or even 100% of the wood elements are located or randomly distributed in the inner layer so that they are rigidly connected to each other. Preferably, 100% of the wood elements are arranged or randomly distributed so that they are rigidly connected to each other. In this embodiment, the inner layer having the features of the invention has a higher mechanical strength than the inner layer, in which not all wood elements are rigidly connected to each other.

It is also possible that, in addition to the aforementioned ribs of the sheet wood elements, other sections containing zigzag sections intersect in the inner layer having the features of the invention. For example, the zig-sections can intersect with the zig-sections of other wood elements so that the edges do not intersect or overlap, but the surfaces of the sections, or these edges can intersect or overlap with the surfaces of the zig-sections.

In one embodiment, the inner layer, in addition to the zigzag wood elements, comprises flat elements. The expression “planar” includes expressions, for example, “planar” or “planarly configured or planarly configured” or “planarly configured or planar”. These flat elements can be selected from: wood, paper, metal, plastic, or two or more of them. These flat elements can adhere to said ribs of sheet wood elements containing zigzag sections. If a portion of said zigzag wood elements is glued to said flat elements, the internal adhesion of the inner layer can be further improved.

In one embodiment, the zigzag wood elements are made from veneer or waste oriented chipboard (OSB). In one embodiment, the veneer is sheet or strip. In one embodiment, the OSB waste is in the form of layers containing elongated and narrow scraps.

The second aspect of the invention

A method of manufacturing an inner layer containing zigzag wood elements

According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing an inner layer comprising wood-based sheet elements including zigzag sections, wherein the zig-shaped section of the element, together with the adjacent zag-shaped section of the element, form a common rib between them so that the element is zigzag or zigzag. The elements are located in the inner layer so that two such edges of two elements, which may be the same or different from each other, intersect at an angle other than zero.

In one embodiment, the method comprises at least steps (i) and (ii):

(i) supplying wood-based sheet elements containing zigzag sections in which the zig-shaped section of the element, together with the adjacent zag-shaped section of the element, form a common rib between them;

(ii) the arrangement of the elements from step (i) so that two such edges of the two elements intersect at an angle other than zero;

(iii) rigidly connecting the ribs from step (ii).

Preferably, the rigid connection is made using an adhesive.

In an additional embodiment, at the point of intersection of the ribs, two elements, which may be the same or different from each other, are rigidly connected to each other using flat elements selected from: wood, paper, metal, plastic and two or more of them, and the flat elements are attached to the ribs on their side, using a suitable connecting means, preferably, for example, adhesive.

In one embodiment, the placement of the elements can be implemented in step (ii) by aligning the wood elements, which can be done either manually or mechanically.

The rigid connection in step (iii) can be facilitated by creating a pressure, preferably in the range of 0.02 MPa to 1.5 MPa, more preferably in the range of 0.01 MPa to 1.0 MPa.

Each of steps (i) to (iii) may be performed in the presence of a coating layer. Preferably, the method is then performed such that the wood elements provided with an adhesive are present on the coating layer in accordance with step (i) and are aligned on it in accordance with step (ii).

Preferably, this arrangement is then coated and compressed using an additional coating layer. As a result, a multilayer composite is created comprising two coating layers and an intermediate inner layer.

Preferably, the inner layer in accordance with the first aspect, or manufactured in accordance with the method of the second aspect, is planar.

Third Aspect of the Invention A multilayer composite comprising at least a coating layer and an inner layer

A third aspect of the invention relates to a multilayer composite comprising at least a coating layer and an inner layer having the features of the invention, the coating layer being positioned so that it at least partially covers the inner layer and is rigidly connected to it, the inner layer being the inner layer, possessing features of the invention in accordance with the first aspect of the invention and the embodiments described herein, or the inner layer is made in accordance with the second ac the scope and embodiments described herein.

The coating layer, which is used in multilayer composites having the features of the invention, may contain a material selected from the group: veneer, board, particle board, wood fiber board, plywood, plastic, drywall, sheet metal, fiber cement board and two or more of them .

Preferably, at least one covering layer is flat, i.e. planar.

Preferably, at least one covering layer has a square or rectangular shape.

The size of the coating layer is not limited. Preferably, the width and length of the at least one covering layer are respectively in the range of 0.50 m to 5 m, further preferably in the range of 1 m to 3 m.

A method of manufacturing a multilayer composite having the features of the invention has already been described above in connection with the manufacture of the inner layer. The method comprises at least steps (i) to (iii):

(i) supplying wood-based wood elements containing zigzag sections in which the zig-shaped section of the element, together with the adjacent zag-shaped section of the element, form a common rib between them;

(ii) the arrangement of the elements of step (i) so that two such edges of the two elements intersect at an angle other than zero;

(iii) rigidly connecting the ribs of the elements of step (ii);

moreover, in step (ii), an arrangement is made on the coating layer, and in step (iii), the elements are also rigidly attached to the coating layer, preferably with an adhesive.

If desired, that side of the inner layer that does not yet contain a coating layer can then be provided with a coating layer, preferably by adhering to the coating layer.

Fourth aspect of the invention

Compressed-deformed inner layer and compressed-deformed multilayer composite

A fourth aspect of the invention relates to an inner layer and a multilayer composite comprising an inner layer that is not planar.

In one embodiment, the inner layer according to the invention, in accordance with the first aspect, or manufactured in accordance with the method of the second aspect, and the multilayer composite according to the invention in accordance with the third aspect, undergo a compression deformation step in which three-dimensional objects can be manufactured. To this end, the inner layer according to the invention, or the multilayer composite according to the invention, can be deformed in a suitable mold. This deformation can be performed during the manufacture of the inner layer or multilayer composite, and also after that.

In one embodiment, only the ribs of the inner layer or multilayer composite are deformed, preferably by compression. Thus, it is possible to isolate the cavities on the ribs of the inner layer or the multilayer composite. This compression deformation can be performed during the combination of the inner layers or the multilayer composite, as well as after the combination of the inner layers or the multilayer composite in the next step, for example, by thermal softening of the adhesive on the ribs. This embodiment has the advantage that the isolation of the ribs, for example, by applying a wood strip, preferably a veneer strip, can be eliminated.

When compressed, it becomes possible to provide the extreme part of the inner layer or multilayer composite with a convex profile, that is, a rounded profile. This is often desirable, for example, in high-quality furniture parts.

In an additional embodiment, not only the portion of the rib, but, optionally, or separately from the portion of the rib, also additional sections of the inner layer or multilayer composite can be deformed by compression.

A method of manufacturing features from wood by compression deformation is described in DD 271870 and DE 101 24912.

Accordingly, the invention in a fourth aspect relates to a multilayer composite comprising at least a coating layer and an inner layer, the coating layer being positioned so that it at least partially covers the inner layer and is rigidly connected to it, the inner layer being the inner layer in accordance with the first aspect of the invention and the embodiments described herein; or the inner layer is made in accordance with the method in accordance with the second aspect of the invention and the embodiments described herein; or the multilayer composite is a multilayer composite in accordance with the third aspect of the invention and the embodiments described herein; manufactured in accordance with a method comprising at least step (i):

(i) compressive multilayer composite in accordance with a third aspect.

Similarly, it is also possible to deform under pressure only an inner layer having features of the invention in accordance with the first aspect of the invention and the embodiments described herein, or an inner layer having features of the invention manufactured in accordance with the second aspect of the invention and embodiments, described in this document.

Accordingly, the invention also relates to an inner layer suitable for a multilayer composite comprising at least one covering layer and an inner layer, the covering layer being positioned so that it at least partially covers the inner layer and is rigidly connected to it, the inner layer containing wood elements containing zigzag sheet sections, wherein the zig section of the element, together with the adjacent zag section of the element, form a common rib between them so that the element is a zigzag distinctive, and the elements are located in the inner layer so that two such edges of the two elements intersect at an angle other than zero, and the two elements are rigidly connected to each other at the intersection point; manufactured in accordance with a method comprising at least step (i):

(i) compression deformation of the inner layer in accordance with the first aspect of the invention and the embodiments described herein; or compressive deformation of an inner layer made in accordance with a method in accordance with a second aspect of the invention and the embodiments described herein.

Fifth Aspect of the Invention

The use of the inner layer having the features of the invention and a multilayer composite having the features of the invention

In accordance with a fifth aspect, the invention further relates to the use of a multilayer composite according to the invention or an inner layer according to the invention.

Preferably, the multilayer composite according to the invention, or the inner layer according to the invention, can be used in applications that provide mechanical strength in combination with a relatively low weight, and / or which provide high absorption capacity for dynamic effects. In one embodiment, a multilayer composite or inner layer is used in the manufacture of furniture, for shelves, for containers during transportation, for interior fittings, in doors and gates, in supports or as supports, as well as in the automotive and shipbuilding industries. For this purpose, a multilayer composite or inner layer can be processed by cutting, sawing, filing and / or drilling in accordance with known methods.

The inner layer according to the invention, and a multilayer composite containing the inner layer according to the invention, for example, a lightweight building board, have high compressive strength and stability under load. In this regard, the inner layer made from it according to the invention and the multilayer composite according to the invention are superior to the corresponding inner layers or multilayer composites made from industrial waste from chopped wood and fiberboards. In addition, the change in the size of the inner layer or multilayer composite under the influence of moisture, in particular, the change in the thickness of the inner layer or multilayer composite may be insignificant due to slight changes in the dimensions of the wood elements in the direction of the fibers. This is applicable, in particular, when the fibers extend in the direction of at least two mutually adjacent leaf sections and perpendicular to the ribs formed by the adjacent sections. This is an additional advantage compared to other known inner layers and multilayer composites made from them, which are made, for example, from flat sawdust or from layers with parallel fibers, such as, for example, plywood or fiberboards.

Without reference to theory, it is assumed that the advantages discussed are derived from the structure of zigzag wood elements used in the inner layer and in a multilayer composite, in which said rib extends not parallel to the direction of the fibers of the wood element, but preferably perpendicular to them. The structure of the wood element in this case is supported by wood fibers, in particular on said rib. In contrast, wood elements made from industrial waste contain fibers that do not have the same preferred direction, but extend isotropically in three spatial directions. The corresponding ribs can then extend parallel to the direction of the fibers. The structure of these wood elements in this case is not supported at all on the said ribs, or is supported only to a small extent, compared with the wood elements, which, in accordance with the invention, are used in the inner layer and plate made of them.

In addition, fasteners, such as nails and screws or furniture connecting elements, are provided with reliable fastening in the inner layer according to the invention and in the multilayer composite according to the invention, since the structure of the inner layer, given its relatively low density, contains only small cavities, eat has high uniformity. In this way, a strong attachment to a support, for example, to a wall, can be provided.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawings. They are described in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1a shows a cross-section of an embodiment of a multilayer composite according to the invention, for example, a lightweight building board.

In FIG. 1b shows a cross section of a preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite according to the invention.

In FIG. 1c shows a cross section of another preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite according to the invention.

In FIG. 2a shows a zigzag element and a flat element of another preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite according to the invention or the inner layer according to the invention.

In FIG. 2b shows a zigzag element glued to a planar element.

In FIG. 2c shows a zigzag element glued on both sides of a planar element.

In FIG. 2d shows a plurality of zigzag wood elements that are alternately glued to planar elements.

In FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of zigzag wood elements in the inner layer according to the invention in another preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite according to the invention.

In FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the zigzag wood elements of the inner layer according to the invention and the covering layer of another preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite according to the invention.

In FIG. 5a shows a cross section of a zigzag wood element of the inner layer in another preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite according to the invention.

In FIG. 5b shows a cross section of a zigzag wood element of the inner layer in another preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite according to the invention.

In FIG. 6a shows a side view of a device used to make a zigzag element by folding.

In FIG. 6b shows a view in the direction of movement of the device according to FIG. 6a used to make the zigzag element.

In FIG. 7a shows the manufacture of a zigzag wood element by cutting a zigzag profile from a wooden beam with a knife.

In FIG. 7b shows the resulting wood element according to FIG. 7a.

In FIG. 7c shows the wood element of the zigzag profile in FIG. 7b obtained by cutting.

In FIG. 8a shows the manufacture of zigzag wood elements by cutting in a side view.

In FIG. 8b shows the manufacture of zigzag wood elements in FIG. 8a in a plan view.

In FIG. 9 shows zigzag wood elements made by cutting with a knife of the corresponding profile.

In FIG. 1a shows a cross section of an embodiment of a multilayer composite 1 according to the invention. The multilayer composite 1 is configured to form a lightweight building board. The inner layer 3 is covered with a covering layer 2. It is configured as wood veneer. The inner layer 3 contains wood elements that are molded so that the wood element contains two mutually adjacent, zigzag leaf sections so that the zig section and the adjacent zag section form a common rib between them so that the wood element is zigzag, and the elements are arranged in the inner layer so that two such edges of two elements, which may be the same or different from each other, intersect at an angle other than zero, while the two elements are rigidly connected to each other at a point eresecheniya.

The resulting plate 1 is relatively light and, thanks to the veneer covering layer 2, has an aesthetic appearance. The average density of the inner layer 3 is less than the average density of the covering layer 2. Wood elements that can be made from folding pieces of veneer, located arbitrarily inside the inner layer 3. They are attached to each other and to the covering layer 2 by adhesive. As a result, a lightweight building board can withstand shear forces acting on the layers, regardless of the direction of the shear forces in the main plane of the plate. This means that the panel has uniform transverse strength. Wood elements are located side by side or one above the other. Thus, a dense filling of the inner layer is ensured, as a result of which the panel acquires high mechanical strength, so that it can be further processed, for example, by equipping with nails and screws or furniture connecting elements. It also provides a solid mount to a support, such as a wall.

The wood elements are arranged randomly in the inner layer 3, but can also be arranged regularly, that is, in a predetermined order. For example, wood elements can be arranged regularly in groups, i.e. in cells of subunits of the inner layer 3, wherein the wood elements of the first subunit have a first preferred direction, and the wood elements of the second subunit have a second preferred direction, the first subunit is preferably adjacent to the second subunit, and the first preferred direction is preferably different from, or at least partially equal to the second preferred direction. The preferred direction can be determined by the edge of the zigzag wood element, or it can be determined by the direction of the wood fibers of the wood element, or it can be determined by the edge, for example, the section of the long edge of the wood element in the form of a strip (a strip formed so that it is zigzag), or using a connecting line between ribs formed by zigzag sections of a zigzag wood element.

The multilayer composite 1 in accordance with FIG. 1a contains only one cover layer, namely, cover layer 2. A composite having a cover layer on one side only has lower strength than a composite having cover layers framing the inner layer on both sides in the form of a sandwich. However, it can serve, for example, as a blank for the manufacture of a composite having coating layers on both sides. Such a composite is shown in FIG. 1b.

In FIG. 1b shows a cross-section of a preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite according to the invention, namely, a cross-section of a multilayer composite 10 in the form of a plate. A cover layer 2 and an additional cover layer 2 ′ (base layer) are provided, the second cover layer 2 ′ giving the plate additional mechanical strength. The appearance of the cover layer 2 ′ may differ from the appearance of the cover layer 2. Such a composite has substantially higher bending strength and flexural rigidity compared to the composite in accordance with FIG. 1a.

In FIG. 1c shows a cross-section of another preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite according to the invention, namely the multilayer composite 100 in the form of a plate. The plate comprises a cover layer 2, a cover layer 2 ′ and a cover layer 2 ″ and, in addition to the inner layer 3, an additional inner layer 3 ′. Cover layers 2 and 2 'frame the inner layer 3 in the form of a sandwich, and cover layers 2' and 2 '' frame the inner layer 3 'in the form of a sandwich. The slab 100 thereby acquires additional mechanical strength compared with the slab 10. The zigzag wood elements in the inner layers 3 and 3 'can be arranged randomly or regularly, that is, partially regularly (for example, in cells) or essentially completely regularly. The zigzag wood elements in the inner layer 3 may have a first preferred direction, and the zigzag wood elements in the inner layer 3 'may have a second preferred direction, wherein the first preferred direction is preferably different from the second preferred direction or at least partially equal to the second preferred direction.

In FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the zigzag wood elements 30 in the inner layer 3, 3 ′ of a preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite 1, 10, 100 according to the invention. Each wood element 30 contains mutually adjacent zig and zag sections 50 and 60, which form a common rib 70 between them. The arrangement of the zigzag wood elements 30 is random. The contact surface 4 0 between mutually adjoining wood elements is, therefore, point 40, respectively. When disposed and subsequently glued, the wood elements usually have contact points 40 on the ribs 70 intersecting at different angles. These contact points are once again pressed, partly one into the other, by compression with moderate compaction, thereby ensuring uniformity of structure. Depending on the degree of compression, the component of the cavity remains large or medium. The result is an inner layer 3, 3 ′ with a lower resulting density, since essentially no alignment of the wood elements 30 along their associated preferred directions occurs. As a result, the inner layer is more heterogeneous, which suggests an anisotropic mechanical characteristic of the resulting plate. The created structure forms an arbitrary framework, the rods of which are composed of wood with parallel fibers with high load-bearing capacity. As is known, in conventional frames, compressed rod joints are not weak points, since the frame allows nodes. A prerequisite is the proper bonding of the contact points so that they can compensate for the longitudinal forces.

In addition to the high compressive and shear strength of the finished lightweight building board of the building element resulting from the frame structure, the very small thickness of the swelling of the lightweight building board in the event of moisture changes should be emphasized due to the almost negligible swelling of the wood in the longitudinal direction of the fibers. Such a board thus surpasses all other wood products made from plane-mounted sawdust or parallel layers of fibers, for example, particle boards and fiber boards, plywood or joinery.

In one embodiment, the zigzag wood elements can be combined with added planar, that is, planarly configured elements. Preferably, the zigzag wood elements adhere to planar elements. When gluing, joint points are created that are located in a line between the zigzag elements and the planar elements in proportion and, thus, the tensile strength of the lightweight building board in the transverse direction is increased.

In FIG. 2a shows two components of another preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite 1, 10, 100 according to the invention, or the inner layer 3, 3 'according to the invention. The inner layer 3, 3 ′ comprises leaf zigzag wood elements 30, wherein the wood elements 30 may have a plurality of ribs 70 formed by mutually adjacent leaf zig and zag sections 50 and 60, for example, five ribs 70, as in the wood element 30 in FIG. . 2a. In addition, there is a planar element 200 made, for example, in the form of veneer.

In FIG. 2b shows that according to a preferred embodiment, the zigzag element 30 is glued in the first step to a planar element 200 of a similar or identical format, so that a regular and therefore very rigid frame structure is created in the wood element 30. The planar element 200 may consist of wood veneer, paper, cardboard, or similar sheet materials. The zigzag wood element 30 and the planar element 200 form cavities 300. Upon subsequent compression into the light core, this frame of the element formed from the planar element 200 and the zigzag element 30 is fully preserved. Local sealing is performed only at the contact points of these carcass-shaped elements, depending on the position. The high portion of the cavity 300, therefore, remains in the core, which cannot be filled with adjacent elements.

This embodiment determines a suitable inner layer 3, 3 'for a multilayer composite 1, 10, 100, comprising at least one covering layer 2, 2', 2 '' and an inner layer 3, 3 ', the covering layer 2, 2' , 2 '' is located so that at least partially covers the inner layer 3, 3 'and is rigidly connected to it, while the inner layer 3, 3' contains wood elements 30 containing zigzag sheet sections, and the zig section of the element 50 30 together with the adjacent zag section 60 of the element 30 form a common rib 70 so that the element 30 is made in the form of a zigzag, and the elements 30 are located in the inner layer 3, 3 'so that two such ribs 70 of the two zigzag elements 30 intersect at an angle other than zero, while the two zigzag elements 30 are rigidly connected each other at the point of intersection; wherein each zigzag wood element 30 is glued to the planar element 200 so that the zigzag element 30 and the planar element 200 form one or more cavities 300 between them.

Elements in accordance with FIG. 2b containing a zigzag element 30 and a planar element 200 may be present in a random distribution in the inner layer 3, 3 ′. It is also of course possible that the element according to FIG. 2b, comprising a zigzag element 30 and a planar element 200, together with additional zigzag elements 30, was present, preferably in a random distribution.

This embodiment defines a suitable inner layer 3, 3 'for a multilayer composite 1, 10, 100, comprising at least one covering layer 2, 2', 2 '' and an inner layer 3, 3 ', the covering layer 2, 2 ', 2' 'is located so that at least partially covers the inner layer 3, 3' and is rigidly connected to it, and the inner layer 3, 3 'contains wood elements 30 containing zigzag sheet sections, and the zig section 50 of the element 30 together with the adjacent zag section 60 of the element '30 form a common rib 7 0 so that the elements 30 are zigzag, and the zigzag elements 30 are located in the inner layer 3, 3 'so that two such ribs 70 of the two zigzag elements 30 intersect at an angle other than zero, while the two zigzag elements 30 are rigidly connected each other at the point of intersection; moreover, the inner layer 3, 3 'contains at least one wood element 30 glued to the planar element 2 00 so that the zigzag element 30 and the planar element 200 form one or more cavities 300 between them.

The cavities 300 are formed by zigzag sections 50 and 60 in the zigzag element 30, together with planar elements 200.

In FIG. 2c, it is shown that the zigzag wood element 30 can also adhere on both sides to the planar elements 200 to form cavities 300.

This embodiment determines a suitable inner layer 3, 3 'for a multilayer composite 1, 10, 100, comprising at least one covering layer 2, 2', 2 '' and an inner layer 3, 3 ', the covering layer 2, 2' , 2 '' is located so that at least partially covers the inner layer 3, 3 'and is rigidly connected to it, while the inner layer 3 3' contains wood elements 30 containing zigzag sheet sections, and the zig section 50 of the element 30 together with the adjacent zag-section 60 of the element 30 form a common rib 70 so that the element 30 is configured in a zigzag shape, and the elements 30 are located in the inner layer 3, 3 'so that two such ribs 70 of the two zigzag elements 30 intersect at an angle other than zero, while the two zigzag elements 30 are rigidly connected each other at the point of intersection; moreover, the inner layer 3, 3 'contains at least one zigzag wood element 30 glued to two planar elements 200 so that the zigzag element and two planar elements 200 form a plurality of cavities 300, and the zigzag wood element 30 is surrounded by two sandwiches planar elements 200.

In FIG. 2d, it is also shown that a plurality of zigzag wood elements 30 can alternately join planar elements 200 to form cavities 300, with the planar element 200 separating two zigzag wood elements 30 from each other.

This embodiment determines a suitable inner layer 3, 3 'for a multilayer composite 1, 10, 100, comprising at least one covering layer 2, 2', 2 '' and an inner layer 3, 3 ', the covering layer 2, 2' , 2 '' is located so that at least partially covers the inner layer 3, 3 'and is rigidly connected to it, while the inner layer 3, 3' contains wood elements 30 containing zigzag sheet sections, and the zig section of the element 50 30 together with the adjacent zag section 60 of the element 30 form a common rib 70 so that the element 30 is zigzag, and the zigzag elements 30 are located in the inner layer so that two such ribs 70 of the two zigzag elements 30 intersect at an angle other than zero, while the two zigzag elements 30 are rigidly connected to each other at a point intersections; moreover, respectively, two zigzag elements 30 are glued to the planar element 200 so that the zigzag elements 30 and the planar element 200 form a plurality of cavities 300, the planar element 200 being surrounded in the form of a sandwich by two zigzag wood elements 30.

Elements in accordance with FIG. 2d comprise a plurality of zigzag wood elements 30 alternately with planar elements 200 to form cavities 300, wherein a planar element 200 separating two zigzag wood elements 30 from each other may be present in a random distribution in the inner layer.

It is of course possible that the elements according to FIG. 2d, contained a plurality of zigzag wood elements 30 alternately with planar elements 200, forming cavities 300 in which a planar element 200 separates two zigzag wood elements 300 from each other so as to be present together with elements 30, preferably randomly distributed.

This embodiment determines a suitable inner layer 3, 3 'for a multilayer composite 1, 10, 100, comprising at least one covering layer 2, 2', 2 '' and an inner layer 3, 3 ', the covering layer 2, 2' , 2 '' is located so that at least partially covers the inner layer 3, 3 'and is rigidly connected to it, while the inner layer 3, 3' contains wood elements 30 containing zigzag sheet sections, and the zig section of the element 50 30 together with the adjacent zag section 60 of the element 30 form a common rib 70 so that the element 30 is configured in a zigzag shape, and the zigzag elements 30 are located in the inner layer so that two such ribs 70 of the two zigzag elements 30 intersect at an angle other than zero, while the two zigzag elements 30 are rigidly connected to each other at the intersection; moreover, the inner layer 3, 3 'contains at least one element containing two zigzag wood elements 30 glued to the planar element 200 so that the two zigzag elements 30 and the planar element 200 form among themselves many cavities 300, while the planar element 200 is surrounded two zigzag wood elements 30 in the form of a sandwich.

In a further embodiment, it is also possible for the zigzag wood elements 30 to be present in the inner layer 3, 3 ′ together with the elements according to FIG. 2b and in accordance with FIG. 2c, and in accordance with FIG. 2d. Preferably, the elements are arranged or distributed in the inner layer arbitrarily.

In a further embodiment, it is also possible that the zigzag wood elements 30, together with the elements in accordance with FIG. 2c and in accordance with FIG. 2d were present in the inner layer 3, 3 ′. Preferably, the elements are arranged or distributed in the inner layer arbitrarily.

In a further embodiment, it is also possible that the zigzag wood elements 30, together with the elements in accordance with FIG. 2b and in accordance with FIG. 2d were present in the inner layer 3, 3 ′. Preferably, the elements are arranged or distributed in the inner layer arbitrarily.

In a further embodiment, it is also possible that the elements in accordance with FIG. 2b and in accordance with FIG. 2d were present in the inner layer 3, 3 ′. Preferably, the elements are arranged or distributed in the inner layer arbitrarily.

In a further embodiment, it is also possible that the elements in accordance with FIG. 2c and in accordance with FIG. 2d were present in the inner layer 3, 3 ′. Preferably, the elements are arranged or distributed in the inner layer arbitrarily.

Zigzag wood elements, in combination with or without planar wood elements, can also be mixed with conventional derived wood material elements, such as shavings or wood fibers, to create a lightweight core. This glued mixture can be pressed into a lightweight building board from a derivative of wood material, which has an additional increased uniformity. In this case, the possibility of using existing technologies, for example, the manufacture of chipboards, is particularly preferable, since it makes it possible to manufacture boards having a significantly lower bulk density than a standard board.

In FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the zigzag wood elements 30 ′ of the inner layer 3, 3 ′ on the cover layer 20 ′ of another preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite 1, 10, 100 according to the invention. The location of the wood elements is random, which suggests anisotropic mechanical identification of the resulting slab. The wood element 30 'is a strip-shaped zigzag element having only one rib 70 between adjacent zig and zag sections 50 and 60. In general terms, the strip-like element is an element whose length is longer than the width, which is expressed by the coefficient c wherein c is preferably between the upper and lower limit in accordance with {2; 3; 5} <c <{3; 5; 8; 10; twenty}. Of course, this element may also contain many mutually adjacent zig and zag sections to have many ribs 70.

In FIG. 5a shows a cross section of the zigzag wood element 7 of the inner layer of another preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite according to the invention, for example, a plate according to the invention. The rib portion 7 ′ formed between the zig and zag portions has a sharp rib. The wood element 7 has only one rib section, but may also contain a plurality of rib sections, as shown by dashed lines.

In FIG. 5b shows a cross section of the zigzag wood element 8 of the inner layer of another preferred embodiment of the multilayer composite according to the invention. The portion 8 'of the rib does not form a sharp rib, but rather a curved rib in the form of a curved plane, which can reach a height H of the wood element. Wood element 8 contains only one portion of the rib, but may contain many sections of the rib, as shown by dashed lines.

In FIG. 6a and 6b show a device with which zigzag wood elements can be made by folding. In FIG. 6a shows a side view of a device used for folding. In FIG. 6b shows a view in the direction of entry.

In this method, veneers or veneer-like elements, for example, shredded wood waste having a wood moisture content of at least 30% at the outlet, are / are supplied to the cutting unit known in the art, wherein the direction of the wood fibers is perpendicular to the direction of movement . This cutting unit cuts veneer or waste wood chopped into strips or wood elements having a width of 10 to 80 mm, optionally. This strip or these wood elements enter the profiling tool, which, in an appropriate sequence starting from the middle, presses the zigzag profile in the perpendicular direction to the wood fibers until the entire width is profiled. The profiling tool is equipped with a heater that heats the sawdust after profiling and dries them to the moisture level required for additional processing. In this case, the elastic aftereffect of profiling is simultaneously minimized. After profiling and drying, the wood elements pass through a roller-type bonding device in which folding ribs are provided on both sides with preferably thermoplastic adhesive. The adhesive dries quickly on the still hot sawdust and restores activity upon subsequent compression of the sawdust. After this, the profiled wood elements are divided into parts with a length of 8 to 80 mm in a direction parallel to the wood fibers. Extreme sections of correspondingly shorter lengths are used together, as are parts of the strips that appear during veneer splitting.

For the manufacture of lightweight building boards, adhesive-coated sawdust is scattered on the prepared coating layer so that the sawdust is statistically distributed over an area in direction and location, similar to other chip materials, such as chipboards. After applying the upper covering layer, the panel is made by pressing with moderate compression force, which leads to the mutual contact of the edges of the crushed wood. Hardening of the adhesive can be accelerated by contact heating, high-frequency heating or hot air heating.

In the manufacture of regular wood frame elements by combining zigzag wood elements and planar, that is, planar configured wood elements, glue is applied to both types of wood elements after profiling, and they are simultaneously joined together and glued together.

According to a preferred embodiment, the profiling tool is not heated. After profiling, gluing of still wet sawdust takes place using a moisture-hardening adhesive on a polyurethane base and gluing of zigzag wood elements and planar wood elements together. As a result of this bonding, the zigzag profile is fixed. Any elastic aftereffect is thus excluded.

After gluing, dividing into parts of a certain width occurs, and finally, the sawdust of the frame is compressed into a lightweight building plate.

When processing still wet sawdust, subsequent drying of the core with lateral air supply is possible to give the panel final moisture.

In the first exemplary embodiment (Example 1), a strip of 4 veneers with a thickness of 0.6 mm, with a moisture content of 30%, having one meter in length in the direction perpendicular to the wood fibers and 50 mm in width in the direction along the fibers, is fed to a heated drum 5 with a width of 40 mm, equipped with a zigzag and firmly clamped profile with a step of 5 mm, and, starting from the middle, is pressed into the profile using a heated sliding shoe 6.1, which follows the center of the profile. It is followed by sliding shoes 6.2, 6.3, etc., which respectively compress adjacent profiles into the veneer strip until the entire width of the veneer strip is profiled. Step-by-step profiling starting from the middle guarantees forming without internal stresses. Then, the prepared-profiled veneer strip 4.1 is held on the drum 5 by a similarly heated tape 700 and dried on it. The veneer strip profile is thus fixed. Then follows a roller type bonding device 800 in which the veneer strip 4.1 is provided with glue on the profile ribs. After that, the veneer strip 4.1 is divided in a known cutting device into zigzag wood elements with a width of 20 mm, for example, wood elements 30. These wood elements are pressed into a light wood building board with a bulk density of 300 kg / m ³ having a high static bearing capacity.

In a further exemplary embodiment (Example 2), waste wood shredded wood with a thickness of 0.3 mm, a length of 200 mm and a width of 30 mm is fed in the direction perpendicular to the movement in the cutting unit, and is divided into wood elements with a length of 40 mm. In accordance with Example 1, these wood elements are fed into a profiling device whose zigzag profile has a pitch of 4 mm. The subsequent processing corresponds to Example 1. At the end of the processing, a lightweight wood building board with a thin and uniform structure is created, having a bulk density of 250 kg / m ³ . A particular advantage is predominantly automated manufacturing.

In a further exemplary embodiment (Example 3), the veneer strip according to Example 1, profiled in the form of a zigzag and coated with glue, is combined with and glued to a planar veneer strip with a width of 24 mm. This glued strip passes through a pair of adhesive rollers to provide glue for the profile ribs or the outer surface of the planar strip. After passing through the cutting device, there are sawdust in the form of a regular frame in accordance with FIG. 2b. When compressed, a lightweight wood slab is formed having a bulk density of 180 kg / m ³ .

In FIG. 7a shows the manufacture of a zigzag wood element from a wooden beam 13 by cutting with a knife 1000. According to the invention, the knife 1000 used in the manufacture of peeled or planed veneer or shredded veneered wood has a zigzag profile.

In FIG. 7b shows the resulting wood element, for example wood element 30. Its size can be subsequently reduced, for example, in a cutting unit.

In FIG. 7c shows a zigzag wood element 30 according to FIG. 7b, in which the zigzag profile is such that the wood fibers 3000 have a length of 4000, at least twice that of 500, and therefore provide good transverse tensile strength and shear strength. In this embodiment, the manufacture of profiled parts in one process, as well as the high constancy of the profiles, is preferred. Wood fibers passing obliquely to the profile rods are a compromise between strength and greater swelling thickness.

In a further exemplary embodiment (Example 4) in FIG. 8a and 8b show a device for manufacturing zigzag wood elements by cutting. In FIG. 8a is a side view; FIG. 8b is a plan view. On a well-known planer veneer, a profiled veneer 400 with a height of 11 to 3 mm is cut from a wooden beam 13 with a height of 400 mm using a knife 1000 having a zigzag profile and a profile pitch of 5 mm. The thickness of the profiled veneer (500 in FIG. 7c) is 0.5 mm. To the profiling knife 1000, at intervals of 25 mm, peeling knives 12 are connected, which cut the formed profiled veneer 400 into strips 25 mm wide and 400 mm long. These strips, in which the direction of the wood fibers extends in the transverse direction relative to the longitudinal axis, are ground in a known hammer mill into wood elements having an average width of 16 mm, for example, into wood elements 30. This is followed by drying, sieving and gluing in known drums, after which the zigzag wood elements thus prepared are distributed using known distribution mechanisms in the mat and are pressed together with the covering layers into a light building board, Commercially bulk density of 350 kg / m ^3.

In a further exemplary embodiment (Example 5), the chip knife with a circular knife, which is commonly used in chipboard technology, is equipped with knives having a zigzag profile and a profile pitch of 3 mm, the chip thickness being set at 0.3 mm. Attached peeling knives spaced 20 mm apart.

Parts of round timber, pencils remaining after peeling of plywood ridge, and other residual materials are the main product. Wood elements made with this chip machine are further processed in accordance with Example 4. An additional advantage of this technology is its comparability with the high-performance manufacture of chipboards, which creates a very cheap wood-based lightweight building material.

In a further exemplary embodiment (Example 6), the peeling machine is equipped with a knife in accordance with Example 4. A veneer sheet made of peeled logs and properly shaped is passed through a veneer dryer, a roller-type gluing machine, and finally through a continuous press, in which a sheet of cardboard is pressed. Then this sheet is divided using the known cutting heads into large wood elements measuring 25 × 25 mm ² , forming the correct frames. After sorting and removing unnecessary components, glue is applied to these wood elements in the glue drum, and then they are pressed into light wood building boards having a bulk density of 200 kg / m ³ . The use of low-grade wood, unsuitable for the manufacture of conventional veneers, in this case is beneficial.

In FIG. 9 shows zigzag wood elements 30 ″ made by cutting with a suitably profiled knife and not having a constant profile thickness. They are characterized by increased compressive strength. In the manufacture of elements, the cutting direction of each new working stroke can be performed with a direction shift of up to 90 °, and the geometry, and therefore also the strength of veneer pieces due to the fibers, changes. Given the maximum difference in cutting directions of 90 °, the manufactured “profiled wood element” has a lattice structure regardless of the thickness of the cut. In addition to the wood massif, derivative timber products, in particular, having approximately the same strength characteristics in different directions of the slab, are suitable as starting material. For this purpose, for example, residues or pieces of waste from plywood or medium density fiberboard can be used.

List of reference designations:

1, 10.1 00 multilayer composite

2, 2 ', 2' ', 20' covering layer

3, 3 'inner layer

7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30' 'zigzag wood element

50 zig or zag plot

60 zag or zig section

7 ', 8', 70 rib between the zig section and the adjacent zag section; or rib between zag section and adjacent zig section

40 contact surface or contact point between two intersecting ribs 7 ', 8', 70

200 planar element (planar configured element)

300 cavity formed from zigzag wood elements 7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30' 'by gluing to a planar element 200

4 strip veneer

4.1 profiled veneer strip

5 drum

6.1, 6.2, 6.3. slipping shoes

700 heated tape

800 roller type bonding device

13 wood beam

3000 wood fibers

4000 wood fiber length 3000

500 thickness of zag or zig section 50, 60 of wood element 7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30' '

1000 zigzag knife

400 veneer

11 veneer thickness 400

12 peeling knife

L rib length 7 ', 8', 70

N height of the zigzag wood element 7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30' '

Claims (24)

1. The inner layer (3, 3 '), intended for a multilayer composite (1, 10, 100), containing at least one covering layer (2, 2', 2 ", 20 ') and the inner layer (3, 3' ), where the covering layer (2, 2 ', 2 ", 20') is located so that at least partially covers the inner layer (3, 3 ') and is rigidly connected to it, the inner layer (3, 3 ') includes woody zigzag elements (7, 8, 30, 30', 30 ") containing zigzag sheet sections, where the zig section (50) of the element (7, 8, 30 , 30 ', 30 "), together with the adjacent zag section (60) of the zigzag element (7, 8, 30, 30', 30") form a common rib (7 ', 8', 70), and in this case zigzag the elements (7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30 ") are located in the inner layer (3, 3') so that two such ribs (7 ', 8', 70) of two zigzag elements (7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30 "), which may be the same or different from each other, intersect at an angle Ohm, non-zero, and two zigzag elements (7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30 ") are rigidly connected to each other at the intersection point (40), while in the inner layer (3, 3 '): the thickness (500) of the zig section (50) or zag section (60) is in the range from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, and / or the height H of the zigzag element (7 , 8, 30, 30 ', 30 ") is in the range of 0.8 mm to 8 mm, and / or the length L of the rib (7', 8 ', 70) is in the range of 0.5 cm to 10 cm; or the thickness of the zig section (50) or zag section (60) has a size of not more than one tenth of the thickness of the inner layer (3, 3 '). 2. The inner layer (3, 3 ') according to claim 1, in which the zigzag wood elements (7, 8, 30, 30', 30 ") contain repeating parts from the zig section (50) or zag section (60) moreover, the common ribs (7 ', 8', 70) formed between the sections extend parallel to each other. 3. The inner layer (3, 3 ') according to claim 1 or 2, in which the zigzag wood elements (7, 8, 30, 30', 30 ") contain fibers (3000) having a preferred direction, with a common rib or common the ribs (7 ', 8', 70) extend or extend parallel to this preferred direction; or in which the common rib or common ribs (7 ', 8', 70) extend or extend perpendicular to this preferred direction. 4. The inner layer (3, 3 ') according to claim 1 or 2, in which the common rib or common ribs (7', 8 ', 70) are made or are made by folding; or in which a common rib or common ribs (7 ', 8', 70) are made or made by cutting. 5. The inner layer (3, 3 ') according to claim 3, in which the length (4000) of the fibers (3000) of the zigzag wood element (7, 8, 30, 30', 30 ") is at least two times the thickness ( 500) zig-section (50) or zag-section (60) of the zigzag wood element (7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30 "). 6. The inner layer (3, 3 ') according to claim 1 or 2, in which each zigzag wood element (7, 8, 30, 30', 30 ") is glued to the planar element (200), so that the zigzag element (7 , 8, 30, 30 ', 30 ") and the planar element (200) form one or more cavities (300). 7. The inner layer (3, 3 ') according to claim 1 or 2, in which the inner layer (3, 3') contains at least one zigzag wood element (7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30 ") glued to the planar element (200), so that the zigzag element (7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30 ") and the planar element (200) form one or more cavities (300). 8. The inner layer (3, 3 ') according to claim 1 or 2, in which the inner layer (3, 3') contains at least one zigzag wood element (7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30 ") glued to two planar elements (200), so that the zigzag element (7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30 ") and the planar elements (200) form among themselves many cavities (300), and the zigzag wood element (7, 8, 30 , 30 ', 30 ") is surrounded in the form of a sandwich by flat elements (200). 9. The inner layer (3, 3 ') according to claim 1 or 2, in which the inner layer (3, 3') contains at least one element containing two zigzag wood elements (7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30 ") glued to the planar element (200), so that the zigzag elements (7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30") and the planar element (200) form among themselves many cavities (300), and the planar element (200) is surrounded in the form of a sandwich with two zigzag wood elements (7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30 "). 10. The inner layer (3, 3 ') according to claim 1, in which the rib (7', 8 ', 70) includes a clear rib in the form of a line, as well as a wavy or corrugated rib in the form of a curved plane or a curved section between the zig section (50) or zag-section (60). 11. A method of manufacturing an inner layer (3, 3 ′) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least steps (i) to (iii): (i) feeding zigzag wood elements (7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30 ") containing zigzag sheet sections, wherein the zig section (50) of the element (30) together with the adjacent zag section (60) of the element (7 , 8.30, 30 ', 30 ") form a common rib between themselves (7', 8 ', 70); (ii) arrangement of elements (7, 8, 30, 30 ', 30 ") from step (i) so that two such ribs (7', 8 ', 70) of two elements (7, 8, 30, 30', 30 ") intersect at an angle other than zero; and (iii) rigidly connecting the ribs (7 ', 8', 70) from step (ii), preferably with an adhesive. 12. A multilayer composite (1,10,100), containing at least a covering layer (2,2 ', 2 ", 20') and an inner layer (3, 3 '), and the covering layer (2, 2', 2", 20 ') is located so that at least partially covers the inner layer (3, 3') and is rigidly connected to it, and the inner layer (3, 3 ') is the inner layer (3, 3') according to one of claims 1 -10; or the inner layer (3, 3 ') made by the method according to claim 11. 13. A multilayer composite comprising at least a coating layer and an inner layer, the coating layer being positioned so that it at least partially covers the inner layer and is rigidly connected to it; manufactured in accordance with a method comprising at least step (i): (i) compressive strains of the multilayer composite (1, 10, 100) according to claim 12. 14. A multilayer composite (1, 10, 100) according to claim 12 or 13, in which the covering layer contains a material selected from: veneer, wood board, chipboard, wood fiber board, plywood board, plastic board, drywall, sheet metal, fiber cement board and from one or more of them. 15. The use of the inner layer (3, 3 ') according to one of claims 1-10, or the inner layer (3, 3'), manufactured by the method according to claim 11, or a multilayer composite (1, 10, 100) according to claim 12 or 13 in the manufacture of furniture. 16. The inner layer (3, 3 '), manufactured in accordance with the method containing at least step (i): (i) compression deformation of the inner layer (3, 3 ′) according to claim 1.

Images