JP2545921Y2 - Architectural board - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building plate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a building board, a plywood in which veneers are laminated and bonded with their fiber directions orthogonal to each other, and a parallel plywood (LV.
L. ) Is widely used, and flooring materials, such as a plywood substrate, on which a decorative sheet such as a veneer is stuck on the surface thereof, are known. It is widely used as a flooring substrate, for example, because it has excellent dimensional stability.

[0003]

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, this plywood
Due to laminating and bonding only single veneers made of natural wood, the issue of depletion of natural resources has become a major issue worldwide, making it difficult to cut down the raw wood, which is the raw material, and deteriorating the quality of the raw wood. By doing so, it becomes difficult to obtain a large amount of high quality veneer used for veneer, and it becomes difficult to supply a large amount of high quality plywood to the market. This problem is expected to become more serious in the future, and there is an eager desire to provide an alternative to plywood composed of only veneer as a building board including flooring boards.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been completed as a result of diligent efforts to provide a building plate composed of a novel laminated plate which can be used as a substitute for a plywood composed only of veneers. is there.

That is, in the present invention, a surface wood veneer layer, a surface wood fiber layer, a wood center layer comprising a combination of plywood and veneer, a back wood fiber layer, and a back wood veneer layer are laminated in this order from the front side. An architectural board using a wood fiber board obtained by a dry method having a hard layer having a higher specific gravity than the center layer in the thickness direction on the front and back layers as an integrated, surface wood fiber layer and back wood fiber layer. .

[0006]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a building plate according to the present invention; FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in the width direction of the architectural plate of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the architectural board of the present invention has a surface wood veneer layer 1, a surface wood fiber layer 2, a wood center layer 3 composed of a combination of plywood and veneer, and a back wood fiber layer 4 from the front side. , And the back layer of the veneer veneer layer 5 is laminated and integrated in this order.

The woody central layer 3 composed of a combination of a plywood and a veneer is a laminate of a woody plywood and a veneer by any combination.
As shown in the figure, the plywood layer 31a, the veneer layer 32
b, a woody central layer in which plywood and veneer are alternately laminated such that the plywood layers are located on the front and back, such as those laminated in the order of plywood layer 31c, or veneer, for example, as shown in FIG. Examples include those in which veneers and plywood are alternately laminated such that the veneer layers are located on the front and back surfaces, such as those in which layers 32a, plywood layers 31b, and veneer layers 32c are laminated in this order.

However, the present invention is not limited to these examples, and any combination of the number of plywood and veneer, the order of lamination, etc. can be used. Alternatively, those embodiments are shown in FIGS. In the figure, 31 indicates a plywood, and 32 indicates a veneer.

The veneers used for the surface wooden veneer layer 1, the back layer wooden veneer layer 5 and the wooden central layer 3 of the present invention include:
A softwood veneer or a hardwood veneer obtained by cutting a softwood or hardwood using a cutting device such as a rotary lace or a slicer can be used.

The plywood used for the woody central layer 3 is also a plywood obtained by laminating a plurality of similar softwood veneers and hardwood veneers. Basically, an odd number of veneers are placed between adjacent veneers. It is possible to use those laminated so that the fiber directions intersect with each other, and laminated such that the fiber directions of the veneers on the front and back sides are parallel. In addition, the number of stacks starts from 3 plies,
Plywood such as 5-ply or 7-ply can also be used.

In the architectural plan of the present invention, the front and back veneer veneers and the back veneer veneer veneer constituting the surface wood veneer layer 1, the woody central layer 3 and the plywood constituting the woody central layer 3 are: Depending on the required performance, the laminates are laminated such that the directions of the wood fibers of each veneer are parallel or orthogonal.

In the case of laminating so as to be parallel, it is preferable to use the surface wood veneer layer 1, the veneer constituting the wood central layer 3, the front and back veneers of the plywood constituting the wood central layer 3, and the back wood veneer. The fiber direction of the board layer 5 is arranged so as to be parallel to the length direction of the building board.

By adopting such a fiber direction, for example, when used as a flooring substrate, the bending strength in the longitudinal direction of the flooring material becomes very excellent, and such a method as nailing on a joist can be used. In general, it is very suitable for use as a flooring material that requires a bending strength in the lengthwise direction, such as a flooring material that is constructed so that its longitudinal end is supported by the underlying structural material.

Further, even when a local load is applied to the surface of the flooring material, as in the case where the flooring material is used as a soundproofing floor material with a cushioning material adhered to the back surface of the flooring material, the flooring material does not bend partially and the entire flooring material is loaded. Can be held.

In general, a wooden veneer has a contraction and expansion in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction which is 5 to 20 times larger than the contraction and expansion in the direction parallel to the fiber direction of the veneer by absorbing and releasing moisture.
The rate of change between the direction parallel to the fiber and the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction is significantly different.

For this reason, the fiber directions of the surface wood veneer layer 1, the veneer constituting the woody central layer 3, the veneer veneer constituting the woody central layer 3, and the backing veneer veneer veneer 3 are determined by the floor material. By arranging them in parallel to the length direction of the plywood, the fiber direction is the same as that of the floor material except for the veneer laminated in the cross direction with the front and back veneers in the plywood used for the woody central layer 3. Because it is arranged parallel to the vertical direction, shrinkage and expansion due to moisture absorption and desorption are
Mostly, it occurs as a movement of contraction and expansion in the width direction of the flooring material.

Therefore, warping in the length direction of the flooring hardly occurs. Further, even if warpage occurs in the width direction, since the dimensional ratio in the width direction is smaller than that in the length direction, the effect of shrinkage or expansion of the veneer on the warp of the flooring material is very small, which is problematic. Such a warp does not occur.

On the other hand, when the fibers are laminated so that the fiber directions are orthogonal to each other, the surface wood veneer layer 1 and the back wood veneer layer 3
Are arranged in parallel, and the fiber directions of the veneer and the veneer that constitute the woody central layer 3 are perpendicular to these fiber directions.

By arranging in this manner, the effect of suppressing the movement of contraction and expansion in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the veneer due to moisture absorption and desorption is produced. The shrinkage and expansion are uniform and the dimensional stability is excellent, and the architectural plate is less likely to warp.

Further, since the fiber direction of the veneer is orthogonal to that of the veneer, the bending strength in the direction parallel to the fiber direction of the veneer is high, so that the bending strength in the length direction and the width direction as a building plate is excellent. It shows properties.

Further, when used as a flooring substrate, it is preferable that the fiber direction of the surface wooden veneer layer 1 and the backing wooden veneer layer 3 be arranged in parallel with the length direction of the flooring material.

By adopting such a fiber direction, the bending strength in the longitudinal direction as the floor material is improved, and the longitudinal end is generally used as a base structural material, such as nailing on a joist set. It is very suitable for use as a flooring material that requires bending strength in the longitudinal direction, such as a flooring material constructed so as to be supported.

As shown in FIG. 8, the wood fiber board used as the surface wood fiber layer 2 and the back wood fiber layer 4 of the present invention has hard layers 21 and 22 on the front and back layers and a center layer 23 between them. The formed wood fiber board having a three-layer structure obtained by integral molding. The hard layers 21 and 22 formed on the surface layer and the back layer of the wood fiber board have a specific gravity of 0.8 to 1 on average. .4g / cm in the range of ^3, a specific gravity of between the center layer 23 is in the range of 0.4~0.75g / cm ^3, hard layer 21 and 22 compared to the specific gravity of the center layer 23 of at least 0. 1 g / cm ³ or more, preferably 0.3 to
It preferably has a specific gravity difference of 0.8 g / cm ³ .

Since the hard layers having higher specific gravity and higher tensile strength and compressive strength than the central layer are disposed on the front and back layers as described above, the surface hardness is high and the scratch is hardly formed, and the plate material as a whole has excellent bending strength. In addition, a plate having a very small amount of deflection under a unit load is obtained.

The hard layers 21 and 22 are used to increase the moisture content of the wood fibers in the front and back layers during heating and pressing in the process of manufacturing the wood fiber board by the dry method, or to provide an adhesive for the wood fibers. By increasing the addition amount, a layer having a higher specific gravity can be locally formed as compared with other portions.

These wood fiber boards have a dimensional change rate per 1% of water content of 0.03-0.
Since it has an excellent stability of 04%, it has an effect of suppressing the contraction and expansion of the wooden veneer layer, and has a property excellent in dimensional stability.

Further, the hard layers 21 and 22 formed on the front and back layers of the wood fiber board have a higher water impermeability than the center layer, so that they have an effect of remarkably reducing the water absorption into the flooring material. The dimensional change due to absorption and release can be further reduced.

Further, by laminating the hard layers 21 and 22 on the front and back surfaces of the respective wooden fiber boards in a state where they are exposed,
Since the surface of the wood fiber board having high specific gravity and high strength is bonded to the wood veneer and the plywood with an adhesive, the bonding strength of the bonding surface between the respective board materials is extremely high.

Further, the presence of the central layer having a low specific gravity between the hard layers having a high specific gravity as described above makes the weight of the plate material very light and excellent in bending strength.

Further, since the hard layer exposed on the front and back surfaces and the center layer disposed therebetween are a single plate material integrally formed by heating and pressing in a wood fiber board manufacturing process, the hard layer and the center layer are formed. The layers are integrally continuous with each other by the entanglement of the wood fibers, and when a plurality of plates are bonded with an adhesive to form one plate, there is no problem of peeling between the plates. is there.

The wood fiber board used in the present invention is preferably used in a state in which the hard layer is exposed on the front and back surfaces before lamination, so that the above-mentioned effects of mechanical strength and water impermeability are further improved. .

Further, in the architectural plan of the present invention, the veneers constituting the surface layer veneer veneer 1, the back layer veneer veneer layer 5, and the wood central layer 3 and the front and back veneer of the plywood have the fiber direction of the architectural plank In addition to the effect of strengthening the bending strength in the longitudinal direction of the building board, the surface wood fiber layer 2 and the back wood fiber layer 4 disposed between the wood veneers are arranged in parallel with the length direction of the building board. The hard layer formed on the front and back shows excellent bending strength in both the width direction and the length direction, and serves as a cross veneer in a conventional plywood, and the building board in which these are laminated is particularly long in the longitudinal direction. It is excellent in bending strength and has no problem even in the width direction.

The front and back veneers of the veneer and plywood constituting the surface wood veneer layer 1 and the wood central layer 3 and the back layer veneer veneer layer 5
When arranged so that the fiber direction is orthogonal,
In addition to the excellent bending strength in both the length direction and the width direction of the building board, the hard layers formed on the front and back of the surface wood fiber layer 2 and the back wood fiber layer 4 arranged between the wood veneers. It shows excellent bending strength in both the width and length directions, and serves as a veneer cloth in conventional plywood, and the bending strength in both the length and width directions as a building board has been further strengthened. It becomes a board material.

Further, when fruit is formed on the side surface of the architectural board of the present invention, in the male fruit, the hard layer below the surface wood fiber layer remains on the upper surface of the woody center layer 3. It is arranged so that the upper surface of the back layer of the wood fiber layer remains on the lower surface, so that the male and female faces are smooth, and the male and female faces are smoothly fitted. be able to.

By sandwiching the wooden central layer 3 with the hard layer, the hard layer portion plays a role similar to the veneer cloth of the plywood, and has the effect of strengthening the fruit.

The wood fiber used as the raw material of the wood fiber board used as the surface wood fiber layer 2 and the back wood fiber layer 4 of the present invention is softwood such as pine, cedar, cypress, or Rawan, Kapole, chestnut. Wood fibers obtained by cutting wood chips obtained by cutting parts or waste wood that cannot be used as planks or squares from hardwood such as poplar and wood, as well as sander dust and sawdust generated during the manufacture of wood fiber board In addition, waste materials such as chip dust can be mixed and used.

The wood fiber board used as the surface wood fiber layer 2 and the back wood fiber layer 4 of the present invention is formed by, for example, forming a dry wood fiber board in the manufacturing process of a dry wood fiber board by adding an adhesive and drying. It is deposited on a screen conveyor by a device, the thickness is adjusted by a shaving rotor, the wood fiber mat is obtained by temporarily pressing, and then the wood fiber mat obtained by heating and pressing a fixed size mat cut to a certain size is obtained. Specific gravity fiberboard is used.

A nonwoven fabric coated or contained with water on the upper and lower surfaces of the fixed-size mat obtained in the same manner as above.
By placing a water-retaining sheet-like material such as paper or cloth and heating and pressing it, the water applied or contained in the sheet-like material is heated and pressed while being held in the wood fibers of the front and back layers. A hard layer having a very high specific gravity can be formed on the front and back surfaces.

As a forming device for depositing wood fibers on the screen conveyor, three forming devices for separately forming the back layer forming wood fibers, the middle layer forming wood fibers, and the surface layer forming wood fibers and depositing them on the screen conveyor. The addition amount of the adhesive to the center layer forming wood fiber is, for example, 3 to 5% by weight, and the addition amount of the adhesive to the surface layer forming wood fiber and the back layer wood fiber is 1%.
By heating and pressing after adding 0 to 30% by weight, the specific gravity of the hard layer can be increased and the strength can be improved in accordance with the above-described method of forming the hard layer using moisture.

In a similar forming apparatus,
2-8 as the back layer forming wood fiber and the surface layer forming wood fiber
The coating agent containing or containing the weight% sizing agent is supplied to the forming apparatus, and the back layer, the middle layer, and the surface layer
After laminating and stacking the layers of wood fibers, the content of the sizing agent in the surface layer and the back layer can be adjusted to 2% by weight or more by heating and pressing.

Thus, the front and back surfaces of the wood fiber board are
Hard layer 2 having higher specific gravity and higher water impermeability than the central layer 2
1 and 22 are formed. In addition, since specific gravity distribution occurs in the hard layers 21 and 22 of the obtained wood fiber board, sanding is performed as necessary, and a layer (surface) having a particularly high specific gravity among the hard layers is exposed to the surface. Performances such as water permeability, bending strength, and deflection are further improved.

[0042]

[Effect of the Invention] The architectural board of the present invention uses a wood fiber board obtained by heating and pressing wood fibers, and this wood fiber layer is obtained by crushing or fibrillating a small log having a defect that cannot be used as a veneer. Since it can be obtained by using things, resources can be used effectively and it can help to prevent the destruction of nature.

Also, the fiber directions of the front and back veneers and the back veneer veneer layer 5 of the veneer veneer layer 31 and the veneer veneer 31 constituting the surface veneer veneer layer 1 and the central layer 3 are parallel to each other. By laminating and, furthermore, by being arranged so as to be parallel to the length direction of the building plate, when used as a floor material, for example, the bending strength in the length direction becomes very excellent,
In general, such as nailing on a joist group, such as flooring, which is constructed to support the longitudinal end with an underlying structural material,
This makes it very suitable for use as a flooring material that requires bending strength in the length direction. In addition, such a fiber direction does not cause warping in the length direction of the flooring material due to absorption and release of moisture.

The fiber directions of the surface wood veneer layer 11 and the back wood veneer layer 5 are arranged in parallel to each other, and the front and back of the veneer 32 and the plywood 31 constituting the wood center layer 3 with respect to these fiber directions. By stacking the veneers so that the fiber directions of the veneers are orthogonal to each other, and arranging the surface wood veneer layers 1 and the back wood veneer layers 5 so that the fiber directions are parallel to the length direction of the building veneer, The effect of suppressing the expansion and contraction of the veneer in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the veneer due to moisture absorption and desorption of the veneer is generated, and the contraction and expansion in the length direction and the width direction of the architectural plate are equalized. Dimensional stability, and the architectural plate is less likely to warp in both the length and width directions.

Since a hard layer having a high specific gravity is formed on the front and back layers of the front and back layers of the wood fiber layers 2 and 4, the bending strength of the laminate, the water impermeability, the woody center layer, and the adhesion to the front and back layers of the wood fiber layers 2 and 4 are provided. The performance is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a building board in the width direction of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows an example of a woody central layer 3 of the building board of FIG.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a wooden veneer layer 3;

FIG. 4 shows an example of the wood veneer layer 3 as well.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the wood veneer layer 3 as well.

FIG. 6 shows an example of the wood veneer layer 3 as well.

FIG. 7 shows an example of the wood veneer layer 3 as well.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a surface wood fiber layer 2 and a back wood fiber layer 4.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: surface wood veneer layer, 2: surface wood fiber layer, 21: hard layer, 22: hard layer, 23: center layer, 3: wood center layer, 3
1a: plywood layer (FIG. 2), 32b: veneer layer (FIG. 2), 31
c: plywood layer (FIG. 2), 32a: veneer layer (FIG. 3), 31
b: plywood layer (FIG. 3), 32c: veneer layer (FIG. 3), 31:
Plywood, (FIGS. 4-7), 32: veneer (FIGS. 4-7), 4: backing wood fiber layer, 5: backing wood veneer layer.

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A surface wood veneer layer 1, a surface wood fiber layer 2, a wood center layer 3 composed of a combination of plywood and veneer, a back wood fiber layer 4, and a back wood veneer layer 5 in this order from the front side. The wood fiber board obtained by a dry method having the hard layers 21 and 22 having higher specific gravity than the center layer in the thickness direction on the front and back layers as the surface wood fiber layer 2 and the back wood fiber layer 4 are laminated and integrated. The architectural plate used.