JP2733643B2 - Architectural board - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an architectural plate used for floors, ceilings, walls and the like of houses.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an architectural plate used for the above-mentioned purpose, there is known a structure in which an arbitrary decorative sheet such as a veneer is adhered to a substrate surface. As the substrate, a plywood in which veneers are laminated and bonded with their fiber directions orthogonal to each other or a parallel plywood (LV.
L. ) Is commonly used. These plywoods are capable of stably supplying large-sized boards in large quantities and have excellent dimensional stability, and thus have been suitable as substrates for architectural boards used for flooring and the like.

[0003]

These plywoods are produced by laminating and bonding veneers made of natural wood, and recently, the problem of depletion of natural resources has been widely addressed worldwide, It is becoming increasingly difficult to cut raw wood as raw material, and as the quality of raw wood deteriorates, it has become difficult to stably obtain large quantities of high quality veneers suitable for use in plywood. . For this reason, it is not as easy as before to supply a large quantity of high quality plywood to the market in a stable manner. This problem is expected to become more serious in the future, and there is an aspiration to provide a substitute that can be used in place of plywood as a base material for building boards.

[0004] Further, particularly when used as a floor material directly attached to a concrete foundation at a construction site of an apartment or the like, even after the primary hardening of the concrete is completed and the concrete has sufficient strength, the concrete itself can be used. Due to the high water content, this moisture tends to be absorbed by the back side of the flooring substrate and expand the back side, whereas a decorative sheet with a surface coating is generally attached to the front side. Therefore, almost no moisture is absorbed from the surface side. Therefore, there is a problem that the expansion rates of the front side and the back side of the flooring material are different, and warpage occurs in which the rear side is convex in the width direction of the flooring material. This problem is not limited to the case of direct application to a concrete substrate, but rather occurs more or less due to an increase in humidity in the environment where the floor material is applied.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention relates to a building having good dimensional stability, and in particular, having excellent dimensional stability even when a new laminated board that can be used as a substitute for plywood is used as a substrate. It was completed with the ingenuity of aiming to provide a board.

That is, the architectural board according to the present invention has a surface wood fiber layer from the surface side, and a middle-layer wood veneer having a thickness of 0.5 to 5.5 mm.
A decorative sheet is adhered to the surface of the substrate which is laminated and integrated in the order of the layer and the back layer wood fiber layer, and a kraft paper is laminated on the front and back with the polyethylene sheet as a core on the back of the substrate. Ri Na made moisture-proof sheet is adhered,
In addition, the substrate includes an intermediate wood veneer layer,
The fruit composed of the surface wood fiber layer and the back wood fiber layer
It is characterized by being formed .

In this case, the wood veneer used for the middle timber veneer layer of the substrate is a softwood veneer or a hardwood veneer obtained by cutting a softwood or hardwood material using a cutting device such as a rotary lace or a slicer. A plate can be used. These softwood veneers and hardwood veneers have a thickness of 0.
Those having a size of 5 to 5.5 mm are used. 0.5mm thickness
To the less than, in particular difficult to impart necessary mechanical strength when used as a floor material for construction plate, single
On the other hand, if the plate thickness exceeds 5.5 mm, the contraction and expansion of the veneer due to the absorption and release of moisture will affect the dimensional stability of the substrate .

The wood veneer used for the middle wood veneer layer is subjected to phenol resin treatment, acetylation treatment, esterification treatment, formalization treatment, PEG (polyethylene glycol) treatment, WPC (resin impregnation) treatment, and the like. The dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the substrate can be improved. In addition, by using a wood veneer that has been subjected to a fire protection treatment with a known flame retardant such as ammonium phosphate, a phosphorus nitrogen compound, a halogen compound, sulfamic acid, and boric acid, a building board having a fire protection function can be obtained. Can be This fire prevention treatment is, for example, a method of immersing a wood veneer in a flame retardant, a method of applying a flame retardant to the surface of a wood veneer, and applying a flame retardant to a wooden veneer under pressure or reduced pressure. It can be performed by an injection method.

On the other hand, the surface wood fiber layer and the back wood fiber layer of the substrate are obtained by cutting softwood such as pine, cedar and cypress, or hardwood such as Rawan, Kapole, chestnut and poplar. The obtained wood chips are defibrated by a conventional method to obtain a wood fiber, which is obtained by compression molding to obtain a wood fiber layer having a specific gravity of 0.4 or more, preferably 0.5 or more. , MDF (medium fiberboard) and the like. The wood fiber layer can be mixed with waste materials such as sander dust, saw dust and chip dust generated in the production process. The surface wood fiber layer and the back wood fiber layer may have the same thickness or different thicknesses, and the specific gravity may be the same or different.

[0010] Such a wood fiber layer has an extremely small dimensional change rate per 1% of water content of 0.03 to 0.04%, and is substantially uniform in any direction, and has excellent dimensional stability. Having. Therefore, by forming the substrate by interposing the middle wood veneer layer between the front wood fiber layer and the back wood fiber layer, the contraction and expansion of the middle wood veneer layer is suppressed by these front and back wood fiber layers. And a substrate having extremely excellent dimensional stability can be obtained. By the way, since the dimensional change of the plywood due to moisture absorption and desorption is 0.02 to 0.03% per 1% of water content, the substrate used in the present invention has excellent dimensional stability comparable to plywood. It is understood that

The reason why the surface layer of the substrate is composed of the wood fiber layer is as follows. That is, since the wood fiber layer has a higher specific gravity and a higher compressive strength than a wood veneer, good results can be obtained even in an iron ball drop test on the surface, and a load is locally applied by high heels or casters. This is because it has a characteristic that it is not easily dented even if it is exposed. In addition, when the architectural board of the present invention is used as a flooring material, when a bending load is applied to the surface thereof, the surface wood fiber layer exhibits excellent compression resistance against a compressive load generated on the surface side. As a result, the floor material has excellent properties in bending strength in the length direction and the width direction. Furthermore, due to the excellent smoothness of the wood fiber layer, the finish in the case where a decorative sheet is stuck to the surface of the surface wood fiber layer or subjected to a coating treatment or the like is improved.

In the wood fiber layers used for the surface wood fiber layer and the back wood fiber layer, similarly to the wood veneer used for the middle wood veneer layer, a phenol resin treatment, an acetylation treatment, an esterification treatment, and the like. By performing formalization treatment, PEG treatment, WPC treatment, and the like, the dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the substrate can be improved. These treatments can be performed by, for example, a conventional method at the stage of dry wood fibers obtained by defibrating and drying softwood or hardwood chips according to a conventional method, and producing a wood fiber layer using the obtained treated wood fibers. I do. In addition, by producing a wood fiber layer using wood fibers that have been subjected to a fire protection treatment with a known flame retardant such as ammonium phosphate, phosphorus nitrogen compounds, halogen compounds, sulfamic acid, boric acid, etc. Is obtained.

[0013] A decorative sheet to be stuck on the surface of a substrate in which a surface wood fiber layer, a middle wood veneer layer and a back wood fiber layer are sequentially laminated from the surface side in this manner includes:
For example, a veneer sheet lined with a sheet material such as a natural veneer, an artificial veneer, nonwoven fabric, paper, or a synthetic resin sheet obtained by cutting natural wood having a thickness of about 0.2 to 3 mm, 20 to 40
g / ^{m 2} of decorative paper, of 32~500g / ^{m 2} non-woven fabric, 5
Examples thereof include a sheet of parchment paper of 0 g / m ^{2 and} the like, to which an arbitrary pattern is printed or a single color is applied. After these decorative sheets are attached to a substrate, they can be subjected to an optional overcoating treatment. Adhesion of the decorative sheet to the substrate surface, for example, a thermoplastic adhesive such as vinyl acetate resin,
In order to improve water resistance, it can be carried out using a material in which a thermosetting resin or urea powder is mixed. Since the sticking surface of the decorative sheet is made of a wood fiber layer (surface wood fiber layer) having a small shrinkage and expansion due to moisture absorption / release, even when a veneer sheet is used as a decorative sheet, the veneer is less likely to crack.

A moisture-proof sheet made by laminating kraft paper on the front and back of a polyethylene sheet as a core is adhered to the back surface of the substrate. Such a moisture-proof sheet is obtained by laminating kraft paper on each of the front and back surfaces of a polyethylene sheet, and then heat-pressing and heat-sealing.

By using such a three-layer structure as the moisture-proof sheet, moisture absorption into the backing wood fiber layer of the substrate is prevented by the polyethylene layer of the core layer, and kraft paper is provided on both sides of the polyethylene sheet. The presence of the layer enhances the adhesive strength of the adhesive to the back surface of the substrate, so that it can be easily attached by a general laminator device. In addition, by applying an adhesive to the construction base, a sufficient adhesive strength with the base surface can be obtained.

A sheet material having a buffering function such as a synthetic resin foam, nonwoven fabric, natural or synthetic rubber is further adhered between the substrate and the moisture-proof sheet or on the back surface of the moisture-proof sheet, so that the sound-proof performance and the heat-insulating performance are achieved. Or the like, or the walking feeling can be improved.

As means for connecting adjacent architectural boards when constructing the architectural boards of the present invention, the construction
Actual processing such as actual processing and offset processing is performed on the side of the plate
However, in fact, the board includes a middle-layer wood veneer
The back side consists of a surface wood fiber layer and a back wood fiber layer.
You. Fruit (male) by using wood veneer as the core layer of fruit
While improving fiber strength and having fiber orientation on both sides
Because the homogeneous wood fiber layer is exposed,
Prevents feathering and facilitates mating between fruits.
You.

The building board of the present invention is manufactured, for example, as follows. That is, a wood fiber board and a wood veneer prepared in advance are prepared, and the wood fiber board is used as the surface wood fiber layer and the back wood fiber layer, and the wood veneer is used as the middle wood veneer. Surface wood fiber layer,
A middle-layer wood veneer layer and a back-side wood fiber layer are laminated and adhered in this order via an adhesive, and pressed to obtain a substrate. Further, in the process of manufacturing a wood fiber board, using a wood fiber mat obtained by cutting a wood fiber obtained by applying an adhesive by a forming device and drying the wood fiber on a screen belt to a predetermined size and temporarily pressing, The substrate can also be obtained by placing a wood veneer coated with an adhesive on the front and back surfaces of the wood fiber mat, and finally placing another wood fiber mat, followed by hot pressing. In this method, the conventional wood fiberboard production line can be used as it is, and hot pressing is performed once (one shot)
This is industrially advantageous, for example, and the adhesive strength between the wood fiber layer and the wood veneer layer in the obtained substrate is extremely large.

In addition, wood fibers are deposited on a screen belt, a wood veneer is placed on the wood fibers, the wood fibers are further deposited by a forming device, and then cut to a certain size, and then temporarily cut. A method of cutting after pressing and hot-pressing or pre-pressing without cutting and continuous hot-pressing, depositing wood fibers on a screen belt by a forming device, and then removing the wood fibers on the wood fibers. A veneer is placed, and then another wood fiber is deposited on the wooden veneer by a forming device, and then cut to a certain size and then temporarily pressed and hot-pressed or temporarily pressed without cutting. The substrate having the configuration of the present invention can be obtained by an arbitrary method such as a method of cutting after hot-pressing continuously.

The architectural plate of the present invention is obtained by attaching a decorative sheet to the surface of the substrate thus obtained via an adhesive and attaching a moisture-proof sheet to the back surface via an adhesive. Can be Further, when the wood fiber and the wood veneer are manufactured in combination in the manufacture of the substrate, a decorative sheet and / or a moisture-proof sheet may be placed and laminated at the same time, and then pressed and bonded.

[0021]

FIG. 1 shows the construction of a flooring as an embodiment of a building board according to the present invention, in which a surface wood fiber layer 2 is placed from the surface side, and a middle-layer wood fiber unit having a thickness of 0.5 to 5.5 mm. Plate layer 3,
A decorative sheet 5 is adhered to the surface of the substrate 1 formed by laminating and bonding the backing fiber layer 4 in this order, and a kraft paper 6 and 8 are laminated on the front and back of the substrate 1 with a polyethylene sheet 7 as a core. The resulting moisture-proof sheet 9 is adhered. In the figure, 10 is a male fruit and 11 is a female fruit, and it is constituted so that floor material can be connected and connected by fitting these male and female fruits. These facts are as shown in the figure.
It includes a middle wood veneer layer, the front and back of which are the surface wood fiber layer and
It consists of a wood fiber layer and a back layer.

[0022]

According to the architectural plate of the present invention, since the decorative sheet is adhered to the surface of the substrate and the moisture-proof sheet is adhered to the back surface, the expansion coefficient due to the absorption of water is substantially the same on both sides. It is balanced and warpage is prevented.

The present invention also proposes the use of a laminate having a novel construction in which a part of a veneer veneer conventionally used as a substrate is replaced with a wood fiber layer. The layer can be obtained by using a small crushed or defibrated material even if it is a raw wood having a defect that cannot be used as a veneer, so that it is useful for effective use of resources and prevention of natural destruction.

Since these wood fiber layers are inherently excellent in dimensional stability and mechanical strength, even if they are used in place of veneers, characteristics comparable to plywood can be obtained. In addition, by arranging the wood fiber layers on the front and back of the middle-layer wood veneer, it is possible to exhibit extremely excellent dimensional stability and strength characteristics, particularly in the length direction, and is suitable for use as a floor material. Becomes

Since a wood fiber layer having excellent smoothness, high mechanical strength, and small shrinkage and expansion due to moisture absorption / desorption is provided on the surface layer of the substrate, it is easy to attach a decorative sheet, and as a floor material. When used, it has the effect of withstanding a local load, and even when a veneer sheet is used as a decorative sheet, cracking of the veneer due to the effect of shrinkage and expansion is less likely to occur.

The moisture-proof sheet adhered to the back surface of the substrate has a three-layer structure in which a polyethylene sheet is used as a core and kraft paper is laminated and integrated on the front and back sides. Thus, the kraft paper on the front and back surfaces exhibits good adhesive strength to the substrate back surface and the base surface.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a flooring according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Substrate 2 Surface wood fiber layer 3 Intermediate wood veneer layer 4 Back wood fiber layer 5 Decorative sheet 6 Kraft paper 7 Polyethylene sheet 8 Kraft paper 9 Moisture-proof sheet 10 Male 11 Female

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] (1) a surface wood fiber layer from the surface side ;
A decorative sheet is adhered to the surface of a substrate that is laminated and integrated in the order of a 5-mm-thick middle wood veneer layer and a back wood fiber layer, and a polyethylene sheet is used as a core on the back surface of the substrate. Ri Na moistureproof sheet obtained by laminating kraft paper is adhered to, and, on the substrate middle woody single
Including the board layer, the front and back sides are the surface wood fiber layer and the back layer wood
An architectural plate characterized in that fruits formed of a fiber layer are formed .