JP2527517Y2 - Laminated board - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laminated board used for structural materials, surface covering, interior decoration, furniture and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Laminates include plywood in which veneers are laminated and bonded with their fiber directions orthogonal to each other, and parallel plywood (LVL) in which the fiber directions of veneers are laminated and bonded in the same direction. It is indispensable as one of the current building materials, as it can stably supply large-sized boards that cannot be obtained with sawn timber in a large amount and has excellent dimensional stability. It is.

[0003]

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, this plywood
Due to the lamination and production of veneers made of natural wood stripped thinly, the issue of depletion of natural resources has become a major issue around the world, making it difficult to cut down the raw wood as a raw material and deteriorating the quality of the raw wood This makes it difficult to obtain a large amount of high quality veneer used for veneer, and it becomes difficult to supply a large amount of high quality plywood to the market. This problem is expected to become more serious in the future, and there is an eager desire to provide an alternative to plywood.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been accomplished as a result of a devising for the purpose of providing a novel laminate which can be used as a substitute for plywood.

That is, the present invention has a structure as shown in FIG. 1, in which the surface wood fiber layer 1, the middle wood veneer layer 3, the middle wood fiber layer 2, and the back wood veneer layer 4 are arranged in this order from the surface side. It is a laminated board obtained by laminating and integrating, wherein the surface wood fiber layer 1 is made of wood fiber made of softwood, and the middle wood fiber layer 2
Consists of wood fibers made from hardwood.

The wood veneer used for the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 4 of the laminated board is obtained by cutting a softwood or hardwood log with a cutting device such as a rotary lace or a slicer. Softwood veneers and hardwood veneers can be used.

[0007] Softwood veneers and hardwood veneers have a thickness of 0.2 m.
m or more, preferably 0.5 to 5.5 mm. When the plate thickness is 0.2 mm or less, it does not contribute to improvement in mechanical strength as a laminate. If it is 0.5 mm or more, it is provided for improvement of strength. When the thickness is 5.5 mm or more, the shrinkage and expansion of the veneer due to the absorption and desorption of moisture affects the dimensional stability of the laminate.

The fiber directions of the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 4 can be arranged so as to be parallel or perpendicular to each other. However, in general, a wooden veneer has a contraction and expansion in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction that is 5 to 20 times greater than the contraction and expansion in the direction parallel to the fiber direction of the veneer due to moisture absorption and release. The rate of change from the vertical direction is significantly different.

For this reason, by arranging the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 4 so that the fiber directions are orthogonal to each other, the shrinkage and expansion in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the veneer due to moisture absorption and desorption. And the shrinkage and expansion in the length direction and the width direction of the laminate become uniform, and the laminate has excellent dimensional stability.

Further, the fiber direction of the backing wood veneer layer 4 is
By arranging the laminate in parallel to the length direction, in terms of mechanical strength, the wood veneer has the property that the bending strength and the tensile strength are strong in the direction parallel to the fiber direction. When a bending load is applied in the length direction, the durability against a tensile load generated on the back surface side is improved, and the laminate has excellent properties in bending strength in the length direction as a laminated plate.

[0011] For this reason, a plate material very suitable for use as a substrate which requires bending strength in the length direction, such as a floor material generally constructed so that its longitudinal end is supported by the underlying structural material. .

The wood veneer used for the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 4 is a phenol resin treatment.
Acetylation treatment, esterification treatment, formalization treatment, P
By using EG (polyethylene glycol) treatment or WPC treatment (resin impregnation) or other treatment to improve dimensional stability and mechanical properties, the bending strength and dimensional stability of the laminated plate are further improved. Is obtained.

Further, a laminated board having a fire protection function can be obtained by using a veneer treated with a flame retardant such as ammonium phosphate, a phosphorus nitrogen compound, a halogen compound, sulfamic acid, boric acid or the like as a wood veneer. can get. These treatments are methods of dipping veneers in fire retardant,
It is carried out by applying a drug or injecting the drug under pressure or reduced pressure.

Further, as the surface wood fiber layer 1 of the laminated board,
A specific gravity of 0.4 or more, preferably 0.1 mm or more, obtained by press-molding a wood fiber obtained from a softwood obtained by cutting a raw wood or a waste wood of a softwood such as pine, cedar, cypress or cypress by a conventional method. 5 or more wood fiber layers, hardboard alone,
This is known as MDF or the like.

As the middle wood fiber layer 2, wood fiber obtained by fibrillating hardwood such as lauan, kapole, chestnut, and poplar by a conventional method is used. It is a press-formed product.

The surface wood fiber layer 1 and the middle wood fiber layer 2 are mixed with waste materials such as sander dust, saw dust, chip dust and the like, which are generated when a wood fiber board is manufactured from softwood or hardwood. Can also be used.

The surface wood fiber layer 1 and the middle wood fiber layer 2 each have an excellent dimensional change per 1% moisture content in the length direction and the width direction, each being excellent, 0.03 to 0.04%. Since it has stability, the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 4 are arranged so that their fiber directions are orthogonal to each other. By adding the stability of the wood fiber layer,
In addition, it becomes a laminate having excellent dimensional stability,
The dimensional change by moisture absorption and desorption as a laminate is comparable to the performance of plywood having excellent dimensional stability of 0.02 to 0.03% per 1% of water content.

In terms of mechanical strength, the wood fiber layer has a higher specific gravity than wood veneer and has excellent compression and shear strength. In particular, wood fibers made from softwood materials have a higher specific gravity than those using wood fibers made from hardwood materials when pressed under the same heat and pressure conditions because the fibers are thin and long and the entanglement between the fibers is strong. And has excellent properties in both compressive strength and bending strength.

For this reason, by disposing a wood fiber layer made of wood fiber made of such softwood as a raw material as a surface wood fiber layer, a drop test of an iron ball to the surface, a local use of a high heel, a caster, or the like is performed. It has excellent characteristics that it is hard to be dented even when a load is applied.

Further, when a bending load is applied to the laminated board of the present invention, a compressive action in the plane direction acts on the surface side, but the surface wood fiber layer 1 exhibits excellent flat-plane compression resistance. Thus, the laminate has excellent properties in terms of bending strength in the length direction and the width direction.

Further, since the surface wood fiber layer 1 is made of wood fiber made of softwood, the fiber is thinner and longer and whiter than wood fiber made of hardwood, so that the surface wood fiber layer 1 has a lower surface. Is smooth and white, and a cosmetic material having an arbitrary color tone can be used for performing a surface cosmetic treatment by painting and an adhesive cosmetic treatment such as thin veneer or decorative paper as the surface cosmetic thereafter.

Further, since it is excellent in smoothness and workability, an excellent finish can be obtained even when a decorative sheet is attached or painted, and cutting in any direction can be easily performed. Can be.

Further, by using wood fibers made of inexpensive hardwood as the middle wood fiber layer 2, it is possible to reduce the cost of the laminated board, and the wood fibers made of hardwood are softwood. Since the fibers are thicker and shorter than wood fibers made from wood, the wood fiber layer obtained by pressing the fibers has a very small dimensional change due to moisture absorption and release.

[0024] Such a wood fiber layer is formed into an intermediate wood veneer layer 3
By disposing between the backing wood veneer layer 4 and the backing wood veneer layer 4, the dimensional stability as a laminated board is further improved.

The wood fiber layers used for the surface wood fiber layer 1 and the middle wood fiber layer 2 are phenol resin treatment, acetylation treatment, esterification treatment, formalization treatment, PEG (polyethylene glycol) treatment or W
By using those that have been subjected to processing such as PC processing (resin impregnation) to improve dimensional stability and mechanical properties,
Bending strength and dimensional stability of the laminate are further excellent.

These treatments are performed, for example, by cutting softwood such as pine, cedar, cypress or hardwood such as lauan, kapole, chestnut or poplar into chips, defibrating according to a conventional method, and drying wood fibers. The above-mentioned treatment is carried out according to a conventional method, and a wood fiber layer is produced using the obtained wood fibers.

Further, a laminated board having a fireproof function can be obtained by using a wood fiber treated with a flame retardant such as ammonium phosphate, phosphorus nitrogen compound, halogen compound, sulfamic acid, boric acid or the like as the wood fiber layer. can get. These treatments are performed in the same manner as the treatment for improving the dimensional stability and mechanical properties.

The laminated board of the present invention uses, for example, a wood fiber board and a wood veneer that have been manufactured in advance, and the surface wood fiber layer 1, the middle wood veneer layer 3, the middle wood fiber layer 2, and the back wood fiber from the front side. It is obtained by laminating the veneer layers 4 in the order through an adhesive and pressing them in accordance with a conventional method.

Further, in a process of manufacturing a wood fiber board, a wood fiber mat obtained by cutting a wood fiber having an adhesive applied and dried on a screen belt by a forming device on a screen belt to a predetermined size and temporarily pressing the wood fiber mat. The wood fiber mat was placed on a wood veneer coated with an adhesive on the front side, and the wood veneer coated with the adhesive was placed on the front and back surfaces, and finally the wood fiber mat was placed. Thereafter, the laminate can be manufactured by hot pressing.

This method is industrially advantageous because a conventional wood fiberboard production line can be used as it is, and hot pressing can be performed in a single shot (one shot).

In addition, it is possible to obtain a laminate having extremely excellent adhesion between the wood fiber layer and the veneer.

In addition, a wooden veneer was placed on a screen belt, inserted into a forming apparatus, wood fibers made from hardwood were deposited on the wooden veneer, and then a wooden veneer was placed on the wooden fibers. Then, after further depositing wood fibers from softwood as a raw material in a forming device, cut at regular intervals,
Temporary pressing and hot pressing, or temporary pressing without cutting, continuous hot pressing and cutting after cutting into a laminate, or using a softening material on a screen belt with a forming device After the wood fiber is deposited, a wood veneer is placed on the wood fiber, then a wood fiber made from hardwood is deposited on the wood veneer by a forming device, and a wood veneer is placed on the wood fiber. After that, a method of forming a laminated plate by cutting into a fixed width and temporarily pressing and hot pressing, or by temporarily pressing without cutting and continuously pressing and then cutting is considered.

After such a method using a wood fiber mat, or after wood fibers are deposited on a wood veneer,
In the batch pressing method, it is preferable that the middle wooden veneer layer is made of a veneer having a thickness of 2 mm or more, so that the middle wooden veneer layer does not deform into a wavy shape when pressed.

Further, a decorative sheet is adhered to the surface of the laminate of the present invention, if necessary. As a decorative sheet to adhere,
For example, a natural veneer, an artificial veneer, and a veneer sheet lined with a nonwoven fabric, paper, or a synthetic resin sheet obtained by cutting a natural wood having a thickness of about 0.2 to 3 mm, or 20-40
g / ^{m 2} of decorative paper, of 32-500g / ^{m 2} non-woven fabric, 5
An overcoating step may be provided after printing a pattern such as parchment paper of 0 g / m ² or a single color coating, or after adhering a decorative sheet.

For bonding these decorative sheets, a thermoplastic adhesive such as a vinyl acetate resin mixed with a thermosetting resin or urea powder for improving water resistance can be used.

In the laminate of the present invention, even when a veneer veneer is adhered, cracks may occur in the veneer veneer due to small shrinkage and expansion of the surface wood fiber layer 1 on the surface of the laminate due to moisture absorption / release. Absent. In addition, since the wood fiber made of softwood is a white material, any color sheet can be selected as a decorative sheet applied thereon.

[0037]

[Effect of the Invention] The laminated board according to the present invention is obtained by replacing a part of the conventional veneer veneer with a wood fiber layer, and these wood fiber layers are obtained by crushing or fibrillating a raw wood having a defect that cannot be used as a veneer. Is obtained by using
Resources can be used effectively and help prevent the destruction of nature.

Further, by arranging the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 2 so that the fiber directions are orthogonal to each other, the dimensional stability in the width direction and the length direction is excellent, and the mechanical strength is also long. The bending strength is excellent in both the direction and the width direction, and the wood fiber layers are arranged between these veneer layers and on the front and back surfaces, whereby the dimensional stability is further improved.

In particular, a wood fiber layer made of wood fiber made of hardwood material and having excellent dimensional stability by moisture absorption and desorption is provided between the middle wood veneer layer and the back wood veneer layer. Dimensional stability is improved.

When a bending load is applied to the surface of the laminated board of the present invention, the bending load acts as a compression addition on the front side and a tension addition on the back side.
Laminates with excellent bending strength overall because the surface wood fiber layer made of wood fiber made of softwood has excellent compressive strength in the plane direction and the back wood veneer layer on the back side has excellent tensile strength. Become.

Further, by making the fiber direction of the backing wood veneer layer parallel to the length direction of the laminated board, the bending strength in the length direction becomes particularly excellent.

Further, since the surface of the laminated board is composed of a wood fiber layer made of softwood, the compressive strength in the thickness direction is high, the smoothness is excellent, and the color tone is white.
An excellent finish can be obtained even if a decorative sheet is attached or painted, and cutting in any direction can be easily performed. Further, since the surface wood fiber layer has a small shrinkage and expansion due to moisture absorption and desorption, it has excellent properties such that cracks hardly occur even when a veneer sheet is adhered to the surface.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a laminate of the present invention;

[Explanation of symbols]

1: surface wood fiber layer, 2: middle wood fiber layer, 3: middle wood veneer layer, 4: back wood veneer layer.

Claims (3)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A surface wood fiber of a laminate obtained by laminating and integrating a surface wood fiber layer 1, a middle wood veneer layer 3, a middle wood fiber layer 2, and a back wood veneer layer 4 in this order from the front side. A laminate, wherein the layer 1 is made of wood fiber made of softwood material, and the middle wood fiber layer 2 is made of wood fiber made of hardwood material. 2. The laminated board according to claim 1, wherein the fiber directions of the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 4 are orthogonal to each other. 3. The laminated board according to claim 1, wherein the fiber direction of the backing wood veneer layer 4 is arranged in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the laminated board.