JP2519862Y2 - Laminate - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laminated board used for structural materials, surface covering, interior decoration, furniture and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Laminated sheets include plywood obtained by laminating and adhering veneers with their fiber directions orthogonal to each other, and parallel plywood (LVL) adhering the veneers of the veneers in the same direction. It is a must-have as one of the current building materials because it can stably supply a large amount of large-sized boards that cannot be obtained from sawn timber and has excellent dimensional stability. Is.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device] However, this plywood is
Due to the lamination and production of veneers made of natural wood stripped thinly, the issue of depletion of natural resources has become a major issue around the world, making it difficult to cut down the raw wood as a raw material and deteriorating the quality of the raw wood This makes it difficult to obtain a large amount of high quality veneer used for veneer, and it becomes difficult to supply a large amount of high quality plywood to the market. This problem is expected to become more serious in the future, and there is an eager desire to provide an alternative to plywood.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been accomplished as a result of a devising for the purpose of providing a novel laminate which can be used as a substitute for plywood.

That is, the present invention has a structure as shown in FIG. 1, and the surface wood fiber layer 1, the middle wood veneer layer 3, the middle wood fiber layer 2, and the back wood veneer layer 4 are arranged in this order from the surface side. It is a laminated board integrally laminated, and the thickness of the surface wood fiber layer 1 is thicker than that of the middle wood fiber layer 2 and the middle wood veneer layer 3
Is thicker than the back wood veneer layer 4.

The wood veneer used for the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 4 of the laminated board is obtained by cutting a softwood or hardwood log with a cutting device such as a rotary lace or a slicer. Softwood veneers and hardwood veneers can be used.

[0007] Softwood veneers and hardwood veneers have a thickness of 0.2 m.
m or more, preferably 0.5 to 5.5 mm. When the plate thickness is 0.2 mm or less, it does not contribute to improvement in mechanical strength as a laminate. If it is 0.5 mm or more, it is given for improvement.

When the thickness is 5.5 mm or more, the shrinkage and expansion of the veneer due to moisture absorption and desorption affects the dimensional stability of the laminate. The fiber directions of the middle-layer wood veneer layer and the back layer wood veneer layer can be arranged so as to be parallel or orthogonal to each other.

However, in general, a wood veneer has a contraction and expansion in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction which is 5 to 20 times larger than the contraction and expansion in the direction parallel to the fiber direction of the veneer by absorbing and releasing moisture.
The rate of change in the direction parallel to the fiber direction and that in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction are significantly different.

[0010] Therefore, by arranging the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 4 so that the fiber directions are orthogonal to each other, the shrinkage and expansion in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the veneer due to moisture absorption and desorption. And the shrinkage and expansion in the length direction and the width direction of the laminate become uniform, and the laminate has excellent dimensional stability.

Further, in the present invention, the middle-layer wood veneer layer 3 is formed thicker than the back-layer wood veneer layer 4. This is because the back-layer wood veneer layer 4 is farther from the center of the thickness direction of the laminated board than the middle-layer wood veneer layer 3, so the contraction and expansion of the veneer due to moisture absorption and release of the back-layer wood veneer layer 4. The movement due to the impact on the warpage of the laminated plate is large.

Therefore, by making the back wood veneer layer 4 thinner than the middle wood veneer layer 3, the movement of contraction and expansion of the back wood veneer layer is weakened, and conversely, the middle wood veneer layer is made thin. By increasing the thickness of the board layer, the movement of the middle-layer wood veneer layer due to contraction and expansion is enhanced, so that the laminated board is balanced in the thickness direction and warpage is prevented.

Further, since the middle-layer wood veneer layer 3 is thickly formed at the substantially central portion in the thickness direction, the laminated wood sheet has a very excellent wood screw holding force.

Further, the fiber direction of the back wood veneer layer 4 is
By arranging them in parallel with the length direction of the laminated board, in terms of mechanical strength, the wood veneer has the property that the bending strength and the tensile strength are strong in the direction parallel to the fiber direction. When a bending load is applied in the length direction, the durability against the tensile load generated on the back surface side is improved, and the laminated plate has excellent bending strength in the length direction.

Therefore, it is a plate material which is very suitable for use as a substrate which is required to have bending strength in the lengthwise direction, such as a flooring material which is generally constructed so as to support the end portions in the lengthwise direction by the underlying structural material. .

As the wood veneers used for the middle-layer wood veneer layer 3 and the back-layer wood veneer layer 4, phenol resin treatment,
Acetylation treatment, esterification treatment, formalization treatment, P
By using EG (polyethylene glycol) treatment or WPC treatment (resin impregnation) or other treatment to improve dimensional stability and mechanical properties, the bending strength and dimensional stability of the laminated plate are further improved. Is obtained.

Furthermore, by using a wood veneer as a veneer that has been treated with a flame retardant agent such as ammonium phosphate, a phosphorus nitrogen compound, a halogen compound, sulfamic acid, boric acid, etc. can get. These treatments are a method of immersing a veneer in a fireproofing agent,
It is carried out by applying the drug or by injecting the drug under pressure or reduced pressure.

As the wood fibers used for the surface wood fiber layer 1 and the middle wood fiber layer 2 of the laminated board, softwood materials such as pine, cedar, and cypress, or hardwood materials such as rawan, capol, chestnut, poplar, etc., Alternatively, a wood fiber layer obtained by pressing and molding wood fibers obtained by defibrating wood chips obtained by cutting waste materials by a conventional method is a wood fiber layer having a specific gravity of 0.4 or more, preferably 0.5 or more, which is known as a hardboard, MDF, etc. by itself. It is what has been.

Further, scrap materials such as sander dust, saw dust, and chip dust produced during the production of the wood fiber board can be mixed and used in the wood fiber layer.

These wood fiber layers have a dimensional change rate of 0.03 per unit of water content of 1% evenly in the length direction and the width direction.
Because it has excellent stability of 0.04%,
Stability of the wood fiber layer is added to the function of suppressing contraction and expansion of the wood veneer layers by arranging the middle-layer wood veneer layer 3 and the back layer wood veneer layer so that their fiber directions are orthogonal to each other. As a result, a laminated board having excellent dimensional stability is further obtained, and the dimensional change rate of the laminated board due to moisture absorption and desorption is 0.02 to 0.03% per 1% of water content, and plywood having excellent dimensional stability. Is comparable to the performance of.

Further, in terms of mechanical strength, the wood fiber layer has a higher specific gravity than the wood veneer and is superior in compression and shear strength. For this reason, even if a load is locally applied by a drop test of an iron ball to a surface, a high heel, a caster, or the like, the iron ball is not easily dented. Further, by forming the surface wood fiber layer 1 to be thicker than the middle wood fiber layer 2, the durability of the surface portion against the dent due to the local load becomes further excellent.

Further, when the laminated plate of the present invention is subjected to a bending load, the surface wood fiber layer 1 is thick and has excellent compression resistance against the addition of compression generated on the surface side. It has excellent characteristics in bending strength in the direction and width direction.

Further, since the wood fiber layer having excellent smoothness and workability is arranged on the surface, an excellent finish can be obtained even when a decorative sheet is attached or a coating treatment is applied, and the desired direction can be obtained. It can be easily and deeply cut.

As the wood fiber layers used for the surface wood fiber layer 1 and the middle wood fiber layer 2, phenol resin treatment, acetylation treatment, esterification treatment, formalization treatment, PEG (polyethylene glycol) treatment or W
By using those that have undergone treatment such as PC treatment (resin impregnation) to improve dimensional stability and mechanical properties,
Bending strength and dimensional stability of the laminate are further excellent.

These treatments are carried out, for example, by cutting softwood materials such as pine, cedar and cypress or hardwood materials such as rawan, capoule, chestnut and poplar into chips, and then defibrating them according to a conventional method and drying them. The above treatment is carried out at a stage by a conventional method, and the wood fiber obtained is used to produce a wood fiber layer.

Further, by using wood fibers treated with a flame retardant agent such as ammonium phosphate, a phosphorus nitrogen compound, a halogen compound, sulfamic acid and boric acid as a wood fiber layer, a laminated board having a fireproof function is also obtained. can get. These treatments are performed in the same manner as the treatment for improving the dimensional stability and mechanical properties.

The laminated board of the present invention uses, for example, a preliminarily manufactured wood fiber board and wood veneer, and a surface wood fiber layer, a middle wood veneer layer, a middle wood fiber layer, and a back wood veneer layer from the surface side. It is obtained by laminating via the adhesive in this order and pressing in accordance with a conventional method.

Further, in the manufacturing process of the wood fiber board, a wood fiber mat obtained by cutting wood fibers which are coated with an adhesive by a forming device and dried and deposited on a screen belt into a certain size and temporarily pressing. Using the above, the wood fiber mat was placed on the wood veneer coated with the adhesive on the front side, and the wood veneer coated with the adhesive on the front and back sides was further placed thereon, and finally the wood fiber mat was placed. Then, a laminated board can be manufactured by hot pressing.

This method is an industrially advantageous method such that the conventional production line of wood fiber board can be used as it is and the hot pressing can be carried out once (one shot) to form a laminated board.

Further, it is possible to obtain a very excellent adhesive force between the wood fiber layer of the obtained laminate and the wood veneer. In addition, the wood veneer is placed on the screen belt and inserted into the forming device, the wood fibers are deposited on the wood veneer, and the wood fiber is placed on the wood fiber. After depositing the fibers, cut at regular intervals and temporarily press and hot press, or temporarily press without cutting and continuously hot press and then cut into laminated plates,
Alternatively, after depositing the wood fibers on the screen belt by the forming device, the wood veneer is placed on the wood fibers, then the wood fibers are deposited on the wood veneer by the forming device, and the wood veneers are further placed on the wood fibers. After being placed, it is cut into a certain width and temporarily pressed and hot-pressed, or temporarily pressed without cutting and continuously pressed and cut to obtain a laminated plate.

After such a method using a wood fiber mat, or after wood fibers are deposited on a wood veneer,
In the collective pressing method, the laminated board of the present invention has a middle wood veneer layer is thicker than the back wood veneer layer and actually has a thickness of 2 mm.
Since it is composed of a veneer of a thickness or more, the middle-layer wood veneer layer does not change into a wavy shape when pressed.

If necessary, a decorative sheet is attached to the surface of the laminated plate of the present invention. As a decorative sheet to adhere,
For example, a natural veneer obtained by cutting natural wood having a thickness of about 0.2-3 mm, an artificial veneer, and a veneer sheet lined with a nonwoven fabric, paper, or a synthetic resin sheet, or 20-40
g / ^{m 2} of decorative paper, of 32-500g / ^{m 2} non-woven fabric, 5
An overcoating step may be provided after printing a pattern such as parchment paper of 0 g / m ² or a single color coating, or after adhering a decorative sheet.

For adhesion of these decorative sheets, a thermoplastic adhesive such as vinyl acetate resin mixed with a thermosetting resin or urea powder for improving water resistance can be used.

In the laminated board of the present invention, even when the veneer veneer is attached, the veneer veneer may be cracked because the shrinkage and expansion of the surface wood fiber layer 1 on the surface of the laminated board due to moisture absorption and desorption is small. Absent.

[0035]

[Effect of the Invention] The laminated board according to the present invention is obtained by replacing a part of the conventional veneer veneer with a wood fiber layer, and these wood fiber layers are obtained by crushing or fibrillating a raw wood having a defect that cannot be used as a veneer. Is obtained by using
Resources can be used effectively and help prevent the destruction of nature.

By disposing the middle-layer wood veneer layer 3 and the back-layer wood veneer layer 4 so that the fiber directions are orthogonal to each other, the dimensional stability in the width direction and the length direction is excellent, and the mechanical strength is also long. The bending strength is excellent in both the width direction and the width direction, and the wood fiber layers are arranged between the veneer layers and on the front and back surfaces to further improve the dimensional stability.

By forming the middle-layer wood veneer layer 3 to be thicker than the back-layer wood veneer layer 4, warpage of the laminate is prevented, and the laminate has excellent wood screw holding power.

Further, since the front and back surfaces of the middle-layer wood veneer layer 3 are covered with the wood fiber layer, a low-grade veneer can be used, which is also effective in reducing the cost of the laminated plate.

Further, by making the fiber direction of the back layer wood veneer layer 4 parallel to the length direction of the laminated plate, the bending strength particularly in the length direction becomes excellent.

Furthermore, since the compressive strength in the plane direction on the surface side of the surface wood fiber layer 1 is particularly excellent, the bending strength is further improved.

Further, since the surface of the laminated plate is composed of a wood fiber layer, it has a strong compressive strength in the thickness direction and is excellent in smoothness, and even if a decorative sheet is attached or a coating treatment is applied. An excellent finish is obtained, and cutting in any direction can be easily performed.

These effects are further improved by forming the surface wood fiber layer to be thicker than the middle wood fiber layer. Further, since the surface wood fiber layer 1 has a small shrinkage and expansion due to moisture absorption and desorption, it has excellent properties such that cracks are less likely to occur even when a veneer sheet is attached to the surface.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a laminate of the present invention;

[Explanation of symbols]

1: surface wood fiber layer, 2: middle wood fiber layer, 3: middle wood veneer layer, 4: back wood veneer layer.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location B32B 21/13 B32B 21/13 E04F 13/10 8913-2E E04F 13/10 A 15/04 8702- 2E 15/04 A

Claims (3)

(57) [Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A surface-layer wood fiber of a laminated plate obtained by laminating a surface-layer wood fiber layer 1, a middle-layer wood veneer layer 3, a middle-layer wood fiber layer 2, and a back-layer wood veneer layer 4 in this order from the surface side. A laminated board in which the thickness of the layer 1 is thicker than that of the middle wooden fiber layer 2, and the thickness of the middle wooden veneer layer 3 is thicker than that of the back wooden veneer layer 4. 2. The laminated board according to claim 1, wherein the fiber directions of the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 4 are orthogonal to each other. 3. The laminated board according to claim 1, wherein the fiber direction of the backing wood veneer layer 4 is arranged in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the laminated board.