JP2523238Y2 - Laminated board - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laminated board used for structural materials, surface covering, interior decoration, furniture and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Laminates include plywood in which veneers are laminated and bonded with their fiber directions orthogonal to each other, and parallel plywood (LVL) in which the fiber directions of veneers are laminated and bonded in the same direction. It is indispensable as one of the current building materials, as it can stably supply large-sized boards that cannot be obtained with sawn timber in a large amount and has excellent dimensional stability. It is.

[0003]

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, this plywood
Due to the lamination and production of veneers made of natural wood stripped thinly, the issue of depletion of natural resources has become a major issue around the world, making it difficult to cut down the raw wood as a raw material and deteriorating the quality of the raw wood This makes it difficult to obtain a large amount of high quality veneer used for veneer, and it becomes difficult to supply a large amount of high quality plywood to the market. This problem is expected to become more serious in the future, and there is an eager desire to provide an alternative to plywood.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been accomplished as a result of a devising for the purpose of providing a novel laminate which can be used as a substitute for plywood.

That is, the present invention has a structure as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and comprises a surface wood fiber layer 1, a middle wood veneer layer 3, a middle wood fiber layer 2, and a back wood veneer layer 4 from the front side. In the order of lamination.

The wood veneer used for the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 4 of the laminated board is obtained by cutting a softwood or hardwood log with a cutting device such as a rotary lace or a slicer. Softwood veneers and hardwood veneers can be used.

[0007] Softwood veneers and hardwood veneers have a thickness of 0.2 m.
m or more, preferably 0.5 to 5.5 mm. When the plate thickness is 0.2 mm or less, it does not contribute to improvement in mechanical strength as a laminate. If it is 0.5 mm or more, it is provided for improvement. When the thickness is 5.5 mm or more, the shrinkage and expansion of the veneer due to the absorption and desorption of moisture affects the dimensional stability of the laminate.

The fiber direction of the middle wood veneer layer 3 is the length of the laminate.
The fibers of the backing veneer veneer layer 4 are arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the hand direction.
The direction is substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the laminate. sand
That is, the fiber direction of the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 4
Are arranged to be orthogonal to each other.

In the case of wood veneers, the moisture absorption and release
The dimensional change rate is parallel to and perpendicular to the fiber direction.
Is very different, specifically,
Compared to contraction and expansion in the direction parallel to the fiber direction,
The contraction and expansion are as large as 5 to 20 times. For this reason, by arranging the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 4 so that the fiber directions are perpendicular to each other, the movement of contraction and expansion in the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the veneer due to moisture absorption and desorption is mutually possible. The suppression effect is produced, the contraction and expansion in the length direction and the width direction of the laminated plate become uniform, and the laminated plate has excellent dimensional stability.

[0010] The middle wood veneer layer and the back wood veneer layer may be composed of veneers having the same thickness or different thicknesses.

Further, the fiber direction of the backing wood veneer layer 4 is
By arranging it in parallel with the length direction of the laminate, in terms of mechanical strength, wood veneer has the property of high bending strength and tensile strength in the fiber direction, so the length direction of the present invention When a bending load is applied to the substrate, the durability against the tensile force generated on the rear surface side is improved, and the laminated plate has excellent properties in bending strength in the longitudinal direction.

[0012] For this reason, a plate material very suitable for use as a substrate requiring a bending strength in the length direction, such as a floor material generally constructed so as to support the end portion in the length direction with an underlying structural material. .

Furthermore, by arranging the middle wood veneer layer 3 so that its fiber direction is orthogonal to the back wood veneer layer 4, the bending strength in the width direction of the laminated board is also improved and the length direction is improved. Of course, a laminate having excellent bending strength in the width direction is obtained.

The wood veneer used for the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer 4 is a phenol resin treatment.
Acetylation treatment, esterification treatment, formalization treatment, P
By using EG (polyethylene glycol) treatment or WPC treatment (resin impregnation) or other treatment to improve dimensional stability and mechanical properties, the bending strength and dimensional stability of the laminated plate are further improved. Is obtained.

Further, a laminated board having a fire protection function can be obtained by using a veneer treated with a flame retardant such as ammonium phosphate, a phosphorus nitrogen compound, a halogen compound, sulfamic acid or boric acid as a wood veneer. can get. These treatments are methods of dipping veneers in fire retardant,
It is carried out by applying a drug or injecting the drug under pressure or reduced pressure.

Wood fibers used for the surface wood fiber layer 1 and the middle wood fiber layer 2 of the laminated board include softwood materials such as pine, cedar, cypress and the like, and hardwood materials such as lauan, kapole, chestnut and poplar. Alternatively, a wood fiber layer obtained by press-molding wood fibers obtained by defibrating wood chips obtained by cutting waste materials by a conventional method is a wood fiber layer having a specific gravity of 0.4 or more, preferably 0.5 or more. It is what is being done. In addition, the wood fiber layer may be mixed with waste materials such as sander dust, saw dust, chip dust and the like generated during the manufacture of wood fiber board.

In these wood fiber layers, the dimensional change rate per 1% of water content alone is 0.03 in both the length direction and the width direction.
Because it has excellent stability of 0.04%,
The stability of the wood fiber layer is added to the action of suppressing the contraction and expansion of the wood veneer layers by arranging the middle wood veneer layer 3 and the back wood veneer layer so that their fiber directions are orthogonal to each other. As a result, a laminate having properties with further excellent dimensional stability can be obtained. This is comparable to the performance of plywood having excellent dimensional stability, in which the dimensional change due to moisture absorption and desorption is 0.02 to 0.03% per 1% of water content.

Further, in terms of mechanical strength, the wood fiber layer has a higher specific gravity than wood veneer and is superior in compressive strength.
For this reason, even if a load is locally applied to the surface by a ball drop test, high heels, casters, or the like, it is unlikely to be dented. In addition, when a bending load is applied to the laminated board of the present invention, the surface wood fiber layer 1 exhibits excellent compression resistance to the application of compression generated on the surface side. It has characteristics excellent in bending strength in the direction. Further, since the wood fiber layer having excellent smoothness is provided on the surface layer, an excellent finish can be obtained even when a decorative sheet is attached or subjected to a coating treatment.

The wood fiber layers used for the surface wood fiber layer 1 and the middle wood fiber layer 2 are phenol resin treatment, acetylation treatment, esterification treatment, formalization treatment, PEG (polyethylene glycol) treatment or W
By using those that have been subjected to processing such as PC processing (resin impregnation) to improve dimensional stability and mechanical properties,
Bending strength and dimensional stability of the laminate are further excellent.

These treatments are performed, for example, by cutting softwood such as pine, cedar and cypress or hardwood such as lauan, kapole, chestnut and poplar into chips, defibrating according to a conventional method, and drying wood fibers. At the stage, the above treatment is carried out by a conventional method, and a wood fiber layer is produced using the obtained wood fiber. Further, a laminated board having a fire protection function can be obtained by using a wood fiber treated with a flame retardant such as ammonium phosphate, phosphorus nitrogen compound, halogen compound, sulfamic acid, boric acid or the like as the wood fiber layer. These treatments are performed in the same manner as the treatment for improving the dimensional stability and mechanical properties.

The laminated board of the present invention uses, for example, a wood fiber board and a wood veneer that have been manufactured in advance, and from the surface side, a surface wood fiber layer, a middle wood veneer layer, a middle wood fiber layer, and a back wood veneer. It is obtained by laminating in the order of layers via an adhesive and pressing according to a conventional method.

Further, in a process of manufacturing a wood fiber board, a wood fiber mat obtained by cutting a wood fiber having an adhesive applied and dried on a screen belt by a forming device on a screen belt to a predetermined size and temporarily pressing the wood fiber mat. The wood fiber mat was placed on a wood veneer coated with an adhesive on the front side, and the wood veneer coated with the adhesive was placed on the front and back surfaces, and finally the wood fiber mat was placed. Thereafter, the laminate can be manufactured by hot pressing.

This method is industrially advantageous because a conventional wood fiberboard production line can be used as it is, and hot pressing can produce a laminate in one shot. Moreover, the adhesiveness between the obtained wood fiber layer of the laminated board and the wood veneer is also very excellent.

Alternatively, a wooden veneer is placed on a screen belt, inserted into a forming device, wood fibers are deposited on the wooden veneer, and then a wooden veneer is placed on the wooden fibers, and then further applied to the forming device. After depositing the wood fibers, cut at regular intervals and temporarily press and hot press, or temporarily press without cutting and continuously hot press and cut and then laminate, Alternatively, after the wood fiber is deposited on the screen belt by the forming device, the wood veneer is placed on the wood fiber, then the wood fiber is deposited on the wood veneer by the forming device, and the wood veneer is further placed on the wood fiber. After being placed, the laminate is cut into a fixed width and temporarily pressed and hot-pressed, or temporarily pressed without cutting and continuously pressed and cut to form a laminate.

Further, a decorative sheet is adhered to the surface of the laminate according to the present invention, if necessary. As a decorative sheet to adhere,
For example, a natural veneer, an artificial veneer, and a veneer sheet lined with a nonwoven fabric, paper, or a synthetic resin sheet obtained by cutting a natural wood having a thickness of about 0.2 to 3 mm, or 20-40
g / ^{m 2} of decorative paper, 32-500g / ^{m 2} non-woven fabric, 59
A g / m ² parchment paper or the like which has been subjected to pattern printing or monochromatic coating, or a decorative sheet may be provided with an overcoating step after bonding. For bonding these decorative sheets, a thermoplastic adhesive such as a vinyl acetate resin mixed with a thermosetting resin or urea powder for improving water resistance can be used.

In the laminated board of the present invention, even when a veneer veneer is adhered, cracks may occur in the veneer veneer due to small shrinkage and expansion of the surface wood fiber layer 1 on the surface of the laminated board due to moisture absorption and desorption. Absent.

[0027]

[Effect of the Invention] The laminated board according to the present invention is obtained by replacing a part of the conventional veneer veneer with a wood fiber layer, and these wood fiber layers are obtained by crushing or fibrillating a raw wood having a defect that cannot be used as a veneer. Is obtained by using
Resources can be used effectively and help prevent the destruction of nature. In addition, by arranging the middle wood veneer layer and the back wood veneer layer so that the fiber directions are orthogonal to each other, the dimensional stability in the width direction and the length direction is excellent. By providing the fiber layer, the dimensional stability is further improved.

Further, by making the fiber direction of the backing wood veneer layer parallel to the length direction of the laminated board, the bending strength in the length direction becomes particularly excellent.

Further, since the surface of the laminate is made of a wood fiber layer, the laminate has high compressive strength and excellent smoothness, and has a small shrinkage and expansion due to moisture absorption and release. It has excellent characteristics such as hardly causing cracks even when worn.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a laminate of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view,

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: surface wood fiber layer, 2: middle wood fiber layer, 3: middle wood veneer layer, 4: back wood veneer layer.

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A surface layer wood fiber layer 1 from the surface side, middle wood veneer layer 3, middle wood fiber layer 2 are laminated and integrated in this order backing layer wood veneer layer 4, intermediate layer wood veneer layer 3 of fiber The direction of the laminate
The fibers of the backing wood veneer layer 4 are arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
The fiber direction is arranged almost parallel to the longitudinal direction of the laminate
A laminate , characterized in that: