RU2597244C2 - Method of growing rhodiola rosea - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method provides higher mass of rhizomes due to soil preparation on a bare fallow, planting and cultivation of rhodiola rosea. Method includes pre-sowing and growing of strips of iris lactea for protecting rhodiola rosea against unfavourable conditions with projective coating of 40-60 %. Width of spaces between rows of protective strips of iris lactea is 1 m. In prepared holes, water-retaining partially turgid hydrogel is added - soaking 300 g for 40-50 minutes in 10 l of water in a mixture with a loose substrate (1:5) at 2/3 of volume of holes. Method then includes planting sections of rhizomes of rhodiola rosea in holes with size of 10×10 with depth of 15 cm for a 2-year growing period or 20×20 with depth of 20 cm for a 3-year growing period and mulching plant with cloth.

EFFECT: method increases mass of rhizomes of rhodiola rosea and provides protection of plants against unfavourable conditions.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for the cultivation and propagation of Rhodiola rosea hydroxychrophyte in a culture in the steppe zone in order to use the rhizomes of this plant as a medicinal raw material.

The plant is confined in natural habitats to the subalpine, lower part of the alpine zones, and also occurs in the upper half of the mountain-forest zone. The optimal habitats of Rhodiola are the valleys of streams, rivers, wet meadows. The plant stores water and is a leaf succulent (1). Known methods for growing Rhodiola rosea in places close to the natural habitat or with good atmospheric moisture and watering (Gorno-Altaysk, Tomsk) (1), where the culture of this species is promising.

Known methods for growing Rhodiola rosea in the steppe zone, where it is noted that “the emerged seedlings of the plant require very careful care. Even with a slight drying of the upper layer, they quickly die ”(2). Therefore, when cultivating in steppe conditions, regular frequent (three waterings per week) and plentiful watering is required. Otherwise, miniaturization of the plant occurs, thick rhizomes lose their mass, become fibrous and small.

The known method of cultivating rhodiola in the steppe is highly costly and does not exclude the death of plants. A method is proposed that promotes the preservation and successful cultivation of plants. Closest to the invention is a method for growing bracken fern (3). However, this method is not very suitable for the biological needs of Rhodiola rosea, as a plant is more hygrophilous than bracken. The proposed method is intended to supplement the protective properties of the paculica iris with a water-saving preparation - hydrogel granules, and additional mulching of the aisles with plant residues, for example, straw, fallen leaves, etc., which makes it possible to grow rhodiola in the steppe zone without heavy watering. A hydrogel is a granule of a polymer that absorbs water and then gives it to plants as needed. The water in the hydrogel granules is in a bound state, in order to use it, the root must germinate inside the hydrogel granule. The validity of the granules is 4-5 years. The hydrogel decomposes under the influence of ultraviolet rays, therefore, mulching in addition to rags from the iris of the piculica is necessary.

A method of growing and propagating Rhodiola rosea involves preparing the soil, growing protective bands, introducing a hydrogel, planting and growing Rhodiola. Soil preparation is carried out using a clean steam system. Then, winter sowing of the seeds of cathatic pikulka is carried out with the seeder CH-16 or the corresponding seeder. The row spacing is 100 cm, the sowing depth is 1 cm, the seed consumption rate is 30-35 kg / ha. Shoots appear in the spring. Subsequently, when reaching the iris, the projectile cover 40-60% of the projectile cover creates microclimatic favorable conditions between the rows: mulching material from last year’s leaves, shading and protection from vegetative leaves. Depending on the expected cultivation period, Rhodiola rosea for 2-year-old cultivation is prepared in two rows of 10 × 10 and 15 cm deep wells at a distance of 20 cm from each other; for three-year and subsequent years of cultivation - in a row 20 × 20 with a depth of 20 cm at a distance of 30 cm from each other. Figure 1 shows the layout of plants for a 2-year growing period; figure 2 - arrangement of plants for 3 years or more growing period. The photos show killer whale piculka -1 and Rhodiola rosea -2 in the experimental plot /Fig. 3, 4 /.

The instructions for use of the hydrogel guarantee a maximum increase in the volume of the drug 125-150 (200) times when soaking it for 8-12 hours in a sufficient amount of liquid volume. In this case, it takes a jelly-like state. According to the experience of work, it is possible to state that in open ground it is necessary to have a loose state of a hydrogel, therefore, the optimal duration of soaking is 40-50 minutes in a limited volume of liquid. 300 g of granules are soaked in 10 liters of water. Swollen granules are mixed with loose substrate (sand, loose soil) based on 1 part of granules - 5 parts of soil, and then introduced into prepared holes up to 2/3 of their volume. With a hole size of 20 × 20 × 20 cm, 300 g of dry matter is consumed per 11-12 holes, with a size of 10 × 10 × 15 cm, the same amount is enough for 60 holes. Then the surface of the hydrogel-soil mixture is additionally covered with loose soil by 2 cm. Planting stock is prepared, thick rhizomes are cut into pieces. Slices of rhizomes are treated with wood ash, a weak solution of potassium permanganate, dried until the moisture completely evaporates from the slices. The minimum weight of one rhizome should be 1 g and have 1 kidney renewal. However, the larger the rhizome segment, the easier the rooting process. The optimal weight of planted rhizomes is 4 grams.

A piece of rhizome is planted in each well. Planting material is planted in such a way that the lower part of the rhizome is buried in the ground, and the top with the kidney is left at ground level. Depression of planting material should not be allowed, as this leads to weakening of seedlings or complete death. The negative side of the hydrogel is that with heavy precipitation there is a significant increase in the volume of the drug and bulging of seedlings, however, the presence of a depression that remains in the hole after planting smooths out this negative fact.

After watering the plants, additional mulching of the soil is carried out with a layer of 1-2 cm, which prevents the development of weeds, the formation of soil crust, helps to preserve moisture in the soil and preserves the hydrogel from premature decomposition. As mulching material are used: the vegetative part of green plants (without seeds), straw, cattail, fallen leaves.

In the experimental plot, located in an area with a significant deficit of atmospheric precipitation - 225-250 mm (4), Rhodiola rosea was grown with a single watering per week at the rate of 200-400 g of water per well. Abundant precipitation during this period was absent due to the onset of drought. Even with such economical irrigation, the conducted experimental studies showed a positive result of the experiment -100% survival and a stable increase in the mass of rhizomes. The increase in rhizome growth from the initially planted weight for one year of cultivation was 2.22 ± 0.5 g with a hydrogel; without hydrogel - 0.88 ± 0.2 g. However, the volume of water can be increased, and the frequency of irrigation is reduced. In drought, it is advisable to increase the rate of water consumption to 1-2 l and adjust depending on the needs of plants.

The cultivation of Rhodiola rosea in the steppe conditions in the protective stripes from the iris of the piculia using hydrogel is a promising way, as it gives an increase in the mass of rhizomes, protects plants from adverse conditions. The advantage of such plantings is cost savings (the frequency and volume of irrigation is reduced). The method can be used to grow Rhodiola rosea in the steppe zone in order to obtain medicinal raw materials.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Saratikov A.S., Krasnov E.A. Rhodiola rosea - a valuable medicinal plant: Golden root. - Tomsk: publishing house Tom. University, 1987 .-- 254 p.

2. The technology of growing Rhodiola rosea (Rodiola rosea L.) in arid conditions in the south of Central Siberia: recom. / comp. L.P. Kravtsova; RAAS, SRO NIIAP Khakassia. - Abakan: from KSU named after N.F. Katanova, 2009 .-- 8 p.

3. Patent RU 2214084 Cl. Bull. No. 29 dated 10.20. 2003. A method of growing bracken fern. Author - Martynova M.A.

4. Vegetation cover of Khakassia / Otv. ed. A.V. Kuminova. - Novosibirsk: Science. Sib. Otdel, 1976.- 424 p.

Claims (1)

A method of growing Rhodiola rosea in the steppe zone, which provides an increase in the mass of rhizomes, including preparing the soil using a clean steam system, planting and growing Rhodiola rosea, characterized in that they pre-sow and grow strips of spiderweed piculi to protect Rhodiola rosea from adverse conditions with a projective coating 40-60%, the width of the aisles of the protective strips of the iris of the piculica is 1 m, a partially water-swelling hydrogel is placed in the prepared wells - 300 g are soaked for 40-50 minutes in 10 l water in a mixture with a loose substrate (1: 5) in 2/3 of the volume of the wells, plant segments of rhizomes of Rhodiola rosea in 10 × 10 holes with a depth of 15 cm for a 2-year growing period or 20 × 20 with a depth of 20 cm for 3 -year-old cultivation, followed by mulching with vegetable rags.

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