RU2483512C1 - Method to preserve seeds of common yew on sloping lands - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture and forestry. The method includes soil treatment under trees. At the same time terraces are formed downstream the slope at 1-2 m from the tree crown with length of 4-5 m and height of 15-30 cm depending on slope steepness. Prior to ripening of seeds and their falling the area and the terraces are treated with the biopreparation Baikal EM-5.

EFFECT: method makes it possible to increase efficiency of common yew seeds preservation.

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Description

The invention relates to forestry, in particular to seed production of forest crops, and may find application in preparing seeds for sowing.

A known method in which the seeds of forest crops, is subjected to radiation by a high-pressure mercury lamp (patent No. 2390117 from 05/27/2010. IPC A01C 1/00).

However, in the known method produces high costs for the physical treatment of seeds.

The closest technical solution is the method in which the near-tree cultivation of the soil is carried out in trees and shrubs (patent No. 2322780 of 04/27/2008 IPC A01B 79/02).

The disadvantages of the prototype method are:

1) high costs for chemical and physical factors,

2) in the near-stem cultivation of the soil when loosening to a depth of the location of the roots, the formation of new seedlings is disrupted,

3) the method is not effective on sloping lands where fertilizers and gels are washed off under the influence of wind and water erosion.

The technical result is a reduction in costs, increased efficiency.

The technical solution of the claimed object lies in the fact that down the slope 1-2 m from the crown of the tree form terraces 4-5 m long and 15-30 cm high depending on the steepness, and before the seeds ripen and fall, the plot and terraces are treated with a biological product Baikal-EM-5.

The method is as follows.

When the seeds ripen, the fallen leaves of a rare species of yew berry under the influence of erosion (water and wind), exposed to adverse factors, lose their germination. Seeds are affected by various diseases. Fusarium disease is especially dangerous, as a result of which the seeds lose their germination to 50%, and in most cases die.

The treatment of sites under the crown of yew and formed terraces with Baikal EM-5 reduces the incidence of seeds.

The length of the terraces is justified by the location of the crown of yew trees, providing for the safety of fallen seeds.

Prepared terraces down the slope at a distance of 1-2 m also provide for the preservation of seeds in the range of tree crowns on sloping lands.

In winter, the seeds concentrated on the terraces treated with the Baikal-EM 5 biological product retain moisture, under the layer of litter and snow cover they are protected from abiotic factors.

The height of the terraces (15-30 cm) is formed depending on the slope of the terrain. The higher the steepness of the slope, the greater the height of the terrace.

Example 1. On the slopes with a steepness of 7-8 °, 2 trees grew at a distance of 12 m from each other at the same height (1300 m above sea level). Down the slope, 1-2 m from the crown of trees, 4 m long terraces were prepared for each tree 20 cm high. The terrace area and the area under the crown were treated with Baikal EM-5 biological product at the rate of 2 g per 1 liter of water.

Example 2. At an altitude of 1800 m above sea level, there are several yew berry trees with a certain distance from each other down the slope. A terrace with a distance of 5 m and a height of 30 m was formed at a distance of 2 m from the crown of the tree. Before shedding seeds, the plot and terrace were sprayed with Baikal EM-5 biological product in a ratio of 2: 1000, i.e. 2 g of the drug per 1 liter of water.

In the spring, when the tree resumes growth from the terraces where the seeds were collected, under the influence of water and wind erosion, the amount of preserved seeds can be transferred to another site to resume the growth and reproduction of a rare tree species.

The results are summarized in the table:

Experiment Options Seed germination energy,% Seed germination,% The survival rate of seedlings,% Seed collection without terraces 42 48 32 Terrace formation below 3-4 m from the yew crown 56 62 52 The formation of terraces 1-2 m from the crown 10 cm high 60 68 58 The formation of terraces 1-2 m high 15-30 cm 64 75 68 The formation of terraces 1-2 m high 15-30 m + treatment of the site biological product Baikal EM-5 75 88 82 Site treatment with a biological product Baikal EM-5 without terraces 64 72 65

Therefore, forming terraces to prevent flushing of seed material, it is necessary to keep healthy seeds with high germination ability down the slope of each tree listed in the Red Book.

Claims (1)

A method of preserving yew berry seeds on slope lands, including near-trunk soil cultivation, characterized in that terraces 4-5 m long and 15-30 cm high, depending on the steepness of the slope, are formed down the slope 1-2 m from the crown of the tree, and before by seed ripening and their decline, the plot and terraces are treated with the Baikal EM-5 biological product.