RU2563858C1 - Method of erection of monolithic walls in retained formwork - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: in the offered technical solution first the vertical diaphragms are installed on the base and fixed to it the design position, then to vertical diaphragms external and internal formwork panels are alternately attached, besides the vertical diaphragm is implemented in the form of space truss from light steel thin-walled structures with C-shaped profile in the elements of which the holes are made for placement of additional bearing fittings, and external and internal formwork panels are made from universal modular elements, each universal modular element is implemented in cross section in the form of open trapeze the small base of which is the base shelf, and the large base of the trapeze is made open with flangings, and external and internal formwork panels are assembled symmetric with reference to each other for this purpose universal modular elements by the small base shelves are arranged towards to each other, and by the larger bases - towards outside.

EFFECT: increase of productivity of operation, labour input decrease, decrease of consumption of concrete mix with preservation of pre-set bearing ability during erection of monolithic walls.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, and in particular to methods of erecting walls of a building using fixed formwork, and can be used in the design and construction of reinforced concrete monolithic walls of low-rise buildings, cottages and other buildings.

A known method of manufacturing a wall-ceiling structure in reinforced concrete design according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2368742, class. E04B 2/86, 2009, in which an indelible formwork system is used from a prefabricated wall formwork system containing two formwork panels which are fastened apart from one another and attached to each other, as a connecting element between wall and ceiling use mounting fittings.

The described method mainly provides for the manufacture of wall-ceiling construction, in particular wall-ceiling connection, which is significantly different from the manufacture of a pure wall.

There is a method of erecting monolithic walls of low-rise buildings in fixed formwork according to copyright certificate No. 1673716, class. E04G 9/02, adopted by the applicant for the prototype. It includes the installation of external and internal formwork panels and fixing them in the design position. In order to expand technological capabilities through the use of low-quality concrete and production waste, after installing external formwork panels, vertical diaphragms from materials of low thermal conductivity are attached to them, to which internal formwork panels are connected. Vertical diaphragms are fixed evenly along the walls being erected.

When concreting a wall using the said formwork, although it is used in the construction of reinforced concrete monolithic walls of low-rise buildings, there is an increased consumption of concrete mix.

The technical task of the invention is to increase the performance of work, reduce the complexity, reduce the consumption of concrete mix while maintaining a given load-bearing capacity during the construction of monolithic walls.

The problem is solved in that in the proposed technical solution, first, vertical diaphragms are installed on the base and fixed to the base in the design position, then external and internal shuttering panels are attached to the vertical diaphragms, and the vertical diaphragm is made in the form of a spatial truss of light steel thin-walled structures C-shaped profile, in the elements of which holes are made to accommodate additional supporting reinforcement, and the external and internal formwork the panels are made of universal modular elements, each universal modular element is made in cross section in the form of an open trapezoid, the small base of which is a base-shelf, and the larger base of the trapezoid is made open with flanges, and the outer and inner formwork panels are assembled symmetrical with respect to each other, why universal modular elements are placed towards each other by small bases-shelves, and outwards by large bases.

In FIG. 1 - layout of the vertical diaphragm and formwork panels during the construction of walls, side view;

in FIG. 2 - a fragment of the erected monolithic wall, top view;

in FIG. 3 - a universal modular element, of the required number of which is carried out for the assembly of external and internal formwork panels;

in FIG. 4 - vertical diaphragm made in the form of a spatial truss;

in FIG. 5 is a view A in FIG. four.

Until now, for the construction of foundations, grillages, ceilings and coatings, as well as walls, removable and non-removable formwork made of reinforced concrete, reinforced cement and glass-cement slabs, fiber concrete, expanded polystyrene (see the Guidelines for the design of formwork and the production of formwork. - M .; Stroyizdat, 1983, pp. 153-171, Fig. 86, “a”).

However, such elements of fixed formwork have a sufficiently large mass and lifting mechanisms are required for their installation.

Industrial formwork systems are known, but they are not universal enough in application and are mainly used with hoisting mechanisms (see. Anpilov S.M. Technology for the erection of buildings and structures from reinforced concrete. Textbook. - M .; Publishing House of the Association of Building Universities, p. 36 -258, p. 151-159, Fig. 2.2.36-2.2.40.978-5-93093-590-5).

The use of modular elements of fixed formwork allows the production of building structures with various planning solutions.

The manufacture of modular elements of fixed formwork does not require a significant material and technical base. The light weight of the elements makes it possible to install them without lifting mechanisms. Installation of ready-made modules allows you to reduce the time during installation of formwork and reduce the cost of work.

For the construction of monolithic walls according to the claimed method, an external formwork panel 1 and an internal formwork panel 2 are used, between which a vertical diaphragm 3 is installed in the design position and fastened to it with the formwork panels 1 and 2. And to ensure the stability of the formwork panels 1 and 2 during concrete laying mixes use temporary vertical racks 4 and 5.

The vertical diaphragm 3 is made by the national team in the form of a spatial truss from light steel thin-walled structures of a C-shaped profile. In the elements of the vertical diaphragm 3, holes 6 are made to accommodate additional supporting reinforcement 7. This design is much lighter than the known reinforcing cage, but also strong and reliable, and also provides a given bearing capacity of the erected monolithic wall and formwork.

The vertical diaphragm 3 includes struts 8 and 9, which are interconnected by braces 10. In braces 10, holes 6 are also made to accommodate additional reinforcement 7 or ropes.

The outer 1 and inner 2 formwork panels are made of universal modular elements 11. Each universal modular element 11 is made of galvanized or stainless steel by cold stamping or rolling, and has a cross section in the form of an open trapezoid. The small base of the open trapezoid is a base-shelf 12, and the larger base is made open with flanges 13.

A monolithic wall is erected using fixed formwork as follows.

First, vertical diaphragms 3 are mounted on the base and fixed to the base in the design position. Then, the outer formwork panel 1 and the inner formwork panel 2 are attached to them alternately. Moreover, the outer and inner formwork panels 1 and 2 are assembled symmetrical with respect to each other, for which purpose the universal modular elements are placed towards each other with small base-shelves 12, and with large bases - out.

On the side of the outer formwork panel 1 and on the side of the inner formwork panel 2, temporary vertical racks are installed, respectively 4 and 5, to give greater stability to the formwork panels 1 and 2 during the laying of concrete mixture 14. After that, the concrete mixture is laid in the formed molding cavity 14. A after the hardening of the concrete, temporary vertical posts 4 and 5 are dismantled. A monolithic wall is erected.

Using the proposed technical solution, it was possible to create a method of erecting a monolithic wall, which reduces the consumption of concrete mixture while maintaining its predetermined load-bearing capacity, reduces the weight of the building, increases the load-bearing capacity of the wall structure, reduces the complexity of formwork, reduces the material consumption and cost of the building and structure, and also provides improvement tightness and waterproofing properties of the constructed wall.

Claims (1)

The method of erecting monolithic walls in fixed formwork, including installing on the basis of external and internal formwork panels, installing vertical diaphragms between them and securing them to the formwork panels in the design position, as well as installing temporary vertical racks to ensure the stability of the formwork panels, characterized in that at first they establish vertical diaphragms on the base and fix them to the base in the design position, then external and internal are attached to the vertical diaphragms one by one formwork panels, and the vertical diaphragm is made in the form of a spatial truss of light steel thin-walled structures of the C-shaped profile, in the elements of which holes are made to accommodate additional supporting reinforcement, and the external and internal formwork panels are made of universal modular elements, each universal modular element is made in cross section in the form of an open trapezoid, the small base of which is a base-shelf, and the larger base of the trapezoid open-flare, the collected outer and inner formwork panels symmetrical to one another, for which purpose small bases modular elements, shelves placed towards each other, and the large bases - outwardly.

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