RU2543252C1 - Method to manufacture haydite concrete blocks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method to manufacture haydite concrete blocks with a face texture layer includes preparation of a moulding mass, its laying into a mould in the form of split or detachable casing with a replaceable process tray installed in it and made in the form of a texture matrix. The moulding mass is applied for the face texture layer. At the same time the moulding mass is glass fibre concrete, which is first applied by spraying onto the texture matrix with a layer of 2-4 mm. The moulding mass for the main layer is prepared from the mix of haydite with fractions of 10-20 mm with concrete at the ratio of 65-75% haydite, balance is concrete. The specified mass is poured into the mould in 25-35 minutes after application of the face texture layer to the upper edge of the mould. The contents of the mould are exposed to vibration pressing for 1-2 minutes. The available free space in the mould of 1-2-5 cm to the edges of the mould is poured with concrete without haydite fractions. Afterwards the moulded mass is exposed to additional short-term (several seconds) vibration pressing. The moulded mass is exposed to drying in a drying chamber with subsequent withdrawal of the block from the mould.

EFFECT: expansion of functional capabilities due to production of blocks with stable size, their increased strength and reduced weight.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction, in particular the production of expanded clay concrete blocks having a front textured layer, which can be used in the construction of the outer walls of buildings and structures.

A known method of manufacturing building products with embossed surface finish by laying in a mold with a shaped pallet-matrix of the molding mixture, compacting it, hardening and then sawing the resulting workpiece into separate elements / 1 /

However, to obtain products of the required thickness, the molding process is repeated many times, which dramatically reduces the efficiency of the application of the known method.

A known method of manufacturing concrete products, including the preparation of the molding material, laying it in a mold with a relief-forming matrix, vibration and heat and moisture treatment / 2 /.

To obtain a clear surface relief, first, in a known method, a finishing layer is made that is laid directly on the relief-forming matrix, with mandatory vibration compaction thereof, after which the main concrete layer is laid on the finishing layer. However, two-layer molding does not provide sufficiently strong adhesion between the layers, which leads to chips, delamination and destruction of the relief finish. In addition, the vibration of a relatively thin (no more than 3 cm) finishing layer causes the matrix to shift in shape, which dramatically reduces the quality of the relief finish.

A known method of manufacturing concrete products, including the preparation of concrete mixture, laying it in a mold with a relief-forming matrix, vibration and heat and moisture treatment, mechanically activated cement is used to prepare the concrete mixture, and the mixture is laid simultaneously with vibration with an oscillation frequency of 35-40 Hz and amplitude oscillations 0.2-0.5 mm / 3 /

The disadvantage of this method is the low quality of concrete products.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a method of manufacturing wall products with a front textured layer, including preparing the molding material, laying it in a mold, preparing the molding material for the front texture layer of a cement-sand mixture with the addition of iron oxide pigments of different colors, while the molding mass for the main layer is prepared from a light-concrete mixture, including natural or artificial porous fillers, which are laid in the form of a collapsible or removable opa sponges with a removable technological tray installed in it, then compaction is performed by pressing light concrete mixture and into the mold volume remaining after compacting light concrete mixture, a layer of cement-sand mixture with added iron oxide pigments is placed on the latter, onto which the upper punch with a matrix is installed, size and the form of which is identical to the formwork and the removable technological tray installed in it, after which molding is carried out, including simultaneous compression and vibrocompression of the layers in the form of / 4 /.

The disadvantage of this method is the limited functionality, since the blocks do not provide high-quality preparation of the inner surface of the building or structure for finishing work; low strength of the blocks, their relatively large weight.

The technical result of the invention is the expansion of functionality by obtaining blocks of stable sizes, increasing their strength and reducing weight.

The technical result achieved is achieved by a method of manufacturing expanded clay concrete blocks with a front textured layer, including preparing the molding material, laying it in a mold in the form of a collapsible or removable formwork with a removable technological tray installed in it, made in the form of an invoice matrix, using a molding mass for the front textured layer, at the same time, fiberglass concrete is used as the molding material for the front textured layer, which is initially applied by spraying onto the textured m tritsa with a layer of 2-4 mm, while the molding material for the main layer is prepared from a mixture of expanded clay with fractions of 10-20 mm with concrete in a ratio of 65-75% expanded clay, the rest is concrete, and poured into the mold after 25-35 minutes after applying the facial textured layer to the upper edge of the mold, the contents of the mold are subjected to vibrocompression for 1-2 minutes, the resulting free space in the mold of 1-2.5 cm is poured to the edges of the mold with concrete without expanded clay fractions, after which the formed mass is subjected to an additional short-term (several seconds) vibrop scattering, after which the formed mass is subjected to drying in a drying chamber, followed by removal of the block from the mold.

The proposed method, which is schematically illustrated by the drawing - figure 1, is as follows.

For the manufacture of expanded clay blocks according to the proposed method, form 1 is used in the form of a collapsible or removable formwork with a removable technological pallet 2 installed in it, made in the form of a textured matrix. As molding material 3 for the front texture layer, fiberglass concrete is used, which is initially applied by spraying on the texture matrix with a layer of 2-4 mm. The molding material 4 for the main layer is prepared from a mixture of expanded clay fractions of 10-20 mm with concrete in a ratio of 65-75% expanded clay, the rest is concrete. After 25-35 minutes after applying the front textured layer, the molding mass 4 for the main layer is poured to the upper edge of the form, the contents of the form are subjected to vibrocompression for 1-2 minutes. The resulting free space in the form is 1-2.5 cm to the edges the molds are poured with concrete 5 without expanded clay fractions, after which the formed mass is subjected to additional short-term (several seconds) vibrocompression, after which the formed mass is dried in a drying chamber, followed by removal of the block from the mold.

The inner surface of the mold may include recesses and depressions for forming in the block connection groove-ridge (not shown).

The use of fiberglass concrete has a positive effect on the quality of the blocks. Indeed, fiberglass concrete combines the positive properties of both components - concrete and fiberglass. From the first, he inherited high compressive strength, from the second - higher, compared with ordinary concrete, cracking resistance, water resistance and operational resistance.

Concrete is known to have low tensile strength. Fiberglass concrete in comparison with ordinary concrete of a similar brand has:

4-5 times greater tensile strength in bending (Rri);

3-4 times increased axial tensile strength (Rp);

excess toughness by 15-20 times.

It is also very important that fiberglass concrete, products from it are environmentally friendly, aesthetic and durable. A significant advantage of the material is the absence of shielding ability, that is, electromagnetic transparency.

Wider functionality by obtaining blocks of stable sizes, increasing their strength and reducing weight is the advantage and advantage of the proposed technical solution compared to the prototype.

Information sources

1. USSR copyright certificate No. 345109, m. Class. C04B 40/00, 1968

2. Recommendations for the use of concrete on white and non-ferrous cements and relief-forming matrices in the factory finish, Central Research Institute of Housing, 1979, pp. 12-14.

3. Patent for the invention RU No. 2132274, M. cl. B28B 1/08, 1999

4. Patent for invention RU No. 2288838, m. B28B 1/087; E04C 1/40, 2006

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing expanded clay concrete blocks with a front textured layer, including preparing the molding material, laying it in the form of a collapsible or removable formwork with a removable technological tray installed in it, made in the form of an invoice matrix, using a molding material for the front textured layer, characterized in that glass-fiber concrete is used as the molding material for the front texture layer, which is initially applied by spraying the texture matrix with a layer of 2-4 mm, while the molding the mass for the main layer is prepared from a mixture of expanded clay fractions of 10-20 mm with concrete in a ratio of 65-75% expanded clay, the rest is concrete, and poured into the mold after 25-35 minutes after applying the front textured layer to the upper edge of the mold, the contents of the mold are subjected to vibrocompression within 1-2 minutes, the resulting free space in the form of 1-2.5 cm to the edges of the mold is poured with concrete without expanded clay fractions, after which the formed mass is subjected to additional short-term (several seconds) vibrocompression, after which the formed the mass is dried in a drying chamber, followed by removal of the block from the mold.