RU2537321C2 - Energy system for service of rooms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power industry and can be used in systems and methods for energy transfer in a room. A motor is arranged inside an internal container that is arranged in its turn inside an external container. The above motor has a possibility of generation of electricity to be used in rooms. Waste gases pass from the above motor through heat exchange tubes inside the external container in order to heat drinking water inside the above external container. Drinking water enters the above container through the lower part of the above container and is heated as it rises through the above external container in the direction to an outlet branch pipe near the upper part of the above external container. Hot drinking water is supplied through the upper part of the above external container to the room. Condensate from the above waste gases is collected and used as drinking water. Heat, vibration and acoustic energy from the above motor are collected by means of fluid medium in the internal container and transmitted to the external container.

EFFECT: invention allows improving efficiency at use of energy and achieving economy of energy resources.

37 cl, 5 dwg

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the priority and advantage of provisional application for US patent No. 61/304403, filed February 13, 2010, with the name "ENERGY AND RESOURCE INDEPENDENCE OF THE FULL SPECTRUM", US patent application No. 12/707651, filed February 17, 2010, with the name "ELECTRICAL CELL AND METHOD OF ITS USE", international application No. PCT / US10 / 24497, filed February 17, 2010, with the name "ELECTRICAL CELL AND METHOD OF ITS USE", US patent application No. 12/707653, filed February 17 2010, with the name "DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANAGEMENT NUCLEATION IN ELECTROLYSIS ", international application No.PCT / US10 / 24498, filed February 17, 2010, with the name" DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANAGING NUCLEATION IN ELECTROLYZIS ", US patent application No. 12/707656, filed February 17, 2010, with the name "DEVICE AND METHOD FOR GAS COLLECTION IN ELECTROLYZE", international application No. PCT / US10 / 24499, filed February 17, 2010, entitled "DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANAGING NUCLEATION IN ELECTROLYSIS", and provisional patent application US No. 61/237476, filed August 27, 2009, with the title "TECHNOLOGY OF THE ELECTROLYZER AND ENERGY INDEPENDENCE". Each of these applications is fully incorporated into the present description by reference.

BACKGROUND

The global economy depends on the energy generated through the annual burning of minerals such as coal, natural gas and oil, accumulated in the bowels of the Earth for more than a million years. Modern methods of generating electricity by burning minerals, as well as through central nuclear power plants, are ineffective. The greatest amount of electricity is generated through a generator driven by a heat engine such as a steam turbine or gas turbine using coal and, to a lesser extent, natural gas, oil or nuclear fuel.

The formation of fossil hydrocarbons such as coal, oil and natural gas began with photosynthesis and occurred during the period from 60 to 500 million years ago. Biomass formed through photosynthesis has an efficiency of less than 1%, and only a small amount of biomass was anaerobically converted under geological conditions, resulting in the conservation of combustible minerals. Thus, the burning of fossil fuels in power plants, which should have an efficiency of 40% to 60%, actually has an efficiency of less than 0.5% of the efficiency obtained from the conversion of solar energy into electricity.

The consumption of combustible minerals in huge quantities has allowed the United States to become a world leader in economic development. About 200 billion barrels of oil produced within the country and approximately equal energy equivalents such as natural gas and coal were burned. People living in the United States, amounting to approximately 5% of the world's six billion people, consume 25% of world oil production, but US reserves are depleted and make up only 2% of total world reserves. Natural gas production lags behind and does not meet demand, which has increased due to insufficient oil production. Currently, coal is transported over long distances by rail and slurry pipelines from developed deposits in order to comply with environmental standards.

Aging US power plants import nuclear fuel, and the total fuel reserves for the nuclear fission chain reaction decrease depending on the fossil hydrocarbon reserves. To produce 95 quad energy (1 quad corresponds to 1,055 × 1018 J), consumed annually in the United States, more than 1,600 nuclear power plants are needed. Thus, atomic energy is not a practical option.

Usually, for the purpose of air and water heating of premises such as residential buildings, office buildings and industrial enterprises, electricity is purchased from central power plants operating on fossil fuels such as natural gas or propane. Typically, central power plants lose about 50-70% of the heat released by burning fossil fuels, which is unavoidable when performing thermodynamic cycles used in power supply of electricity. If the premises could receive energy that is lost due to the remoteness of the central power plants, then almost all tasks related to air and water heating could be solved, and this would not entail an increase in cost, environmental pollution and depletion of resources as is happening now when burning fossil fuels for room maintenance.

Most of the world's population is deprived of the standard of living that is typical of the United States, due to the high cost of electricity production, water heating and air conditioning, when these types of services come from central power plants or are produced through water heaters running on liquefied petrol or oil, or through electric air conditioners. Easily mined reserves of fossil fuels are depleted, therefore, in all countries of the world more and more importance is attached to issues of energy saving.

A significant part of the world's population suffers from unsystematic or chronic diseases caused by pathogens located in air and water, as well as generated, in some cases, by inorganic poisons such as radon, arsenic and other heavy metals. The causes of significant deterioration in food quality or food contamination are invasions of rodents and insects, as well as inappropriate ways of storing food, which in turn is the cause of disease and malnutrition. In practice, it turned out that solving these problems is extremely difficult.

In order to maintain stability in the energy supply sector, it is necessary to develop efficient energy sources in the next decade, otherwise the world economy will face the problem of a sharp drop in productivity. It is immoral to put up with the difficulties that ensue without an effective saving of resources.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 partially shows a circuit diagram of an indoor energy system in accordance with several embodiments of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of an exhaust pipe in accordance with several embodiments of the present invention.

Figure 3 partially shows a circuit diagram of an indoor energy system in accordance with several embodiments of the present invention.

Figure 4 shows a view in cross section of a tank made with the possibility of its use in the energy system, in accordance with the variants of implementation of the present invention.

Figure 5 partially shows a schematic diagram of an energy system in accordance with several embodiments of the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an indoor energy system that comprises an internal reservoir and a generator located inside said internal reservoir. The specified internal reservoir contains a first fluid surrounding at least a portion of the specified generator, and the specified generator is configured to generate electricity for the technical support of the premises. In accordance with some variants of implementation, the specified energy system contains an external tank containing at least a portion of the specified internal tank, which is at least partially immersed in the second fluid medium, and an exhaust channel configured to connect to a generator to receive exhaust gases from specified generator. The specified exhaust channel is made with the possibility of its passage through the second fluid with the aim of exchanging heat between the specified exhaust gases and the specified second fluid. In addition, the specified energy system may contain an outlet pipe for a fluid made with the possibility of connection with an external reservoir in order to deliver a heated second fluid from the specified external reservoir for its use in the premises.

In addition, the present invention relates to a method for supplying energy to rooms. The method comprises controlling an engine located inside a first reservoir containing a first fluid. Said first fluid is capable of absorbing energy from said engine in the form of at least one of acoustic, vibrational and thermal energies. Furthermore, said method comprises passing exhaust gas from said engine through an exhaust channel and comprising exchanging heat between said exhaust gas and said second fluid contained in a second reservoir. At least a portion of the first reservoir is immersed in said second fluid contained in the second reservoir. According to some embodiments, said second fluid is configured to absorb energy from said first fluid contained in the first reservoir.

In addition, the present invention relates to an energy system comprising an engine and a generator for generating electricity and heat, and an exhaust gas output line configured to receive exhaust gases from said engine. Furthermore, said system comprises a reservoir for storing a fluid through which said exhaust gas outlet line passes in order to exchange heat with said fluid in said reservoir. Furthermore, said system comprises a condensate collector for collecting water condensed in said exhaust gas outlet line, and a heat exchanger adapted to be connected to said fluid storage tank and to receive said fluid from said reservoir and to deliver heat from said fluid environment in the room.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

This application includes, by reference in its entirety, the subject of provisional patent application US No. 60/626021, filed November 9, 2004, entitled "MULTI-FUEL STORAGE, DOSING AND IGNITION SYSTEM" (Case No. 69545-8013US) and provisional patent application US No. 61/153253, filed February 17, 2009, with the title "ENERGY FULL SPECTRUM" (Case No. 69545-8001US). In addition, this application includes, by reference in its entirety, the subject of each of the following US patent applications filed simultaneously with this document on August 16, 2010, with the names: “METHODS AND DEVICES FOR DETECTING CHARACTERISTICS OF FLUIDING MEDIA TRANSPORT SYSTEMS” (Case No. 69545 -8003US); “COMPREHENSIVE MODELING OF COSTS OF AUTOGENOUS SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING ENERGY, MATERIAL RESOURCES AND MODES OF NUTRIENTS” (Case No. 69545-8025US); "ELECTROLYTIC ELEMENT AND METHOD OF ITS USE" (Case No. 69545-8026US); “SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BY MEANS OF INTEGRATED PRODUCTION OF UPDATED ENERGY, MATERIAL RESOURCES AND NUTRIENT MODES” (Case No. 69545-8040US); “SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BY MEANS OF INTEGRATED FULL PRODUCTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY” (Case No. 69545-8041US); “SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BY MEANS OF INTEGRATED FULL PRODUCTION OF UPDATABLE MATERIAL RESOURCES” (Case No. 69545-8042US); “METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF TRANSFORMING THE ADDITIONAL HEAT ENERGY OF THE OCEAN” (Case No. 69545-8044US); "GAS HYDRATE TRANSFORMATION SYSTEM FOR THE COLLECTION OF HYDROCARBON HYDRATE SEDIMENTS" (Case No. 69545-8045US); “DEVICES AND METHODS FOR STORING AND / OR FILTRATION OF SUBSTANCE” (Case No. 69545-8046US); “MECHANISMS FOR ENERGY TRANSFORMATION AND APPROPRIATE METHODS OF USE AND MANUFACTURING" (Case No. 69545-8048US); and “INTERNAL REINFORCED COMPOSITE MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTIONAL PURPOSE AND THE RELATED METHODS OF MANUFACTURE” (69545-8049US).

The details, dimensions, angles, shapes and other characteristics shown in the drawings only illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention. Accordingly, embodiments may include other details, dimensions, angles, and characteristics without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various embodiments of the present invention are possible.

The use in the present description of phrases such as “one implementation option” or “implementation option” means that a particular feature or specific characteristic in connection with the specified implementation option is included in at least one implementation option of the present invention. Thus, the use of the phrases “in accordance with one embodiment” or “in accordance with embodiments” in the present description means that all described features or characteristics do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features or characteristics may be appropriately combined in one or more embodiments. The headings proposed in the present description are illustrative and do not reflect the scope and meaning of the present description and claims.

1, an energy system 100 is shown in accordance with several embodiments of the present invention. The power system 100 includes an engine 110 and a generator 112 located inside the inner tank 114. The engine 110 may include a fuel line 118 and an air intake 120 that exit from the internal tank 114 to supply necessary materials such as fuel and air to the engine 110. Fuel line 118 may comprise a corresponding valve 118a and a flow regulator 118b, and other equipment for controlling fuel consumption. Additional details regarding fuel supply equipment and fuel management are disclosed in US Patent Application No. 09/128673, simultaneously titled “ENERGY TRANSFORMATION SYSTEM” and is fully incorporated herein. The air intake 120 may include an upwardly extending pipe 120a and an air filter 120b at the end of the pipe 120a. In accordance with some embodiments, the engine 110 comprises an internal combustion engine 110. The engine 110 and the generator 114 may include a flywheel for starting and stabilizing the rotation of the engine 110 and for generating electricity after the engine 110 reaches a predetermined operating speed. The engine 110 and the generator 112 are configured to generate energy in the form of electricity for a living room or other small room, medium in scale consumption, such as a warehouse or store. The inverter 115 is configured to receive electricity from the generator 112 and convert the specified electricity into the appropriate format for the purpose of using the specified premises. The inner reservoir 114 may comprise cylindrical walls 114a extending upwardly above the engine 110. The inner reservoir 114 may comprise an opening 114b on top of the inner reservoir 114, which may include an upper wall (not shown) or another lid above the opening 114b.

The inner reservoir 114 is configured to fill (or substantially fill) with a fluid 116, for example a corresponding fluid with a low gas pressure. For example, a high-temperature organosilicon compound, fluorocarbon, or an appropriate eutectic solution (or mixture thereof) can be used as the fluid 116, which can provide noise attenuation and heat transfer. In accordance with some embodiments, the fluid 116 may comprise a self-extinguishing fluid or a refractory fluid capable of discharging the spent fluid or leaking fuel or lubricant from the engine 110 to the surface of the fluid 116 to remove it from the system 100. In addition, the fluid 116 may include a dielectric fluid to provide additional insulation for the high voltage wires from the generator 112 and related circuits and cabling. In addition, the fluid 116 may contain sulfur hexafluoride, sand, aluminum or steel balls, potassium hydroxide, or other media, thereby reducing noise and improving the refractoriness of the assembly by forced displacement of the flowing gases, by quenching by displacement of air or other oxidants, and by providing abrupt cooling capabilities. The term “fluid” as used herein includes liquids and solids, such as sand or metal balls. According to embodiments in which the use of solid particles is envisaged, mixed-sized solid particles suitable for passing through gaps and openings of various sizes inside the inner tank 114 may be used.

The inner reservoir 114 is configured to be placed inside the outer reservoir 150, which may be filled with a fluid 152. In accordance with some embodiments, the fluid 152 is drinking water. External reservoir 150 may be made of a polymer-lined composite that is reinforced with high-strength fiberglass, carbon, or polymer winding. Due to this design, reservoir 150 is substantially insulated and corrosion resistant and has a very long service life. The external reservoir 150 may include an inlet pipe 154 in the lower part of the external reservoir 150 and an exhaust pipe 156 in the upper part of the external reservoir 150. The engine 114 may include an exhaust duct 158 connected to the heat exchanger pipe 160. The pipe 160 is adapted to be placed in the external reservoir 150 in the form of coils of a spiral or other appropriate configuration in order to transfer heat from the exhaust gases inside the pipe 160 to the fluid 152 inside the external tank 150. In accordance with an implementation option, illustrated 1, the pipe 160 is spirally wound around a substantially vertical axis inside a substantially cylindrical external tank 150. In accordance with other embodiments, other forms of placement are possible in order to achieve an appropriate level of heat transfer between the exhaust gases inside the pipe 160 and the fluid 152 inside external reservoir 150.

In addition, the external reservoir 150 may include a condensate collector 162 at the outlet of the pipe 160 for collecting condensate 161 from said exhaust gases. According to embodiments in which engine 110 is configured to use hydrogen as fuel, approximately nine pounds of high quality distilled water is generated from each pound of hydrogen used as fuel in engine 110. In accordance with some variants of implementation, the engine 110 is configured to generate water and heat according to equations 1 and 2, which are presented below:

H2 + 1 / 2O2-> H2O + HEAT1 Equation 1

Уравнение 21 pound of hydrogen + 8 pounds of oxygen -> 9 pounds of water

Equation 2

In accordance with other embodiments, hydrocarbon fuels such as flammable alcohol, liquefied petrol, petroleum fuels, methane produced from sewage, household waste, agricultural waste, and other sources are used. Water can be condensed from the products of combustion, as illustrated by the processes summarized in Equations 3 and 4.

HxCy + y02-> xH2O + yCO2 + HEAT3 Equation 3

CH4 + 2O2-> 2H2O + CO2 + HEAT 4 Equation 4

In many regions of the world, the causes of serious declines in productivity, as well as poverty and poverty are chronic diseases and shortened lifespan caused by poor water quality. The collection of water from the combustion products during energy conversion is extremely important in helping regions where waterborne diseases increase or where groundwater is unsuitable due to the presence of arsenic, lead, radon, and other inorganic toxic substances. The system 100 is configured to safely collect approximately one gallon of pure water from one pound of hydrogen used as fuel in a fuel cell or engine in many cases of energy use, which significantly improves the quality of life while saving energy.

Due to the arrangement of the inner reservoir 114 and the outer reservoir 150, the energy from the engine 110 is enclosed in the reservoirs 114, 150 and transferred to the fluids 116, 152 in these reservoirs. The external reservoir 150 is a reservoir, for example a cylinder, or a cylinder with baffles, or a reservoir with fins for transferring heat inside and / or outside, or a reservoir with devices for suppressing the convection flow of heated fluids in the reservoir 150. As a result, heat, noise and vibration essentially not transmitted externally to the system 100, but are used to heat and / or increase the pressure of the fluid 152 inside the external reservoir 150. In accordance with some embodiments, the fluid 152 is hot itevaya water that can be used indoors. The exhaust pipe 156 is made with the possibility of connection with the corresponding openings of the pipelines in the premises. The outlet pipe 156 may include a sensor (not shown) configured to actuate said pipe to release pressure from the external reservoir 150 if the pressure or temperature reaches threshold values.

By using the system 100, some mutually reinforcing and particularly beneficial results are possible. For example, the thermal and vibrational energy caused by pulsed combustion as well as noise is found to be substantially absorbed as heat in the fluid 152 for productive use. In addition, when using some combustion processes, it is possible to obtain large amounts of water from the exhaust gases. The system 100 is configured to collect this water, which is essentially clean and suitable, for productive use. These benefits apply to virtually any type of engine, including internal combustion engines and fuel cells. The engine 110 may be a fuel cell that produces water that is likewise collected and noise that is likewise absorbed in the fluid 152.

Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger pipe 160. In accordance with some embodiments, the pipe 160 is a flattened pipe 160. In accordance with some embodiments, the outer reservoir 150 comprises ribs or channels that substantially follow the path of the pipe 160 in the tank 150. Thus, the flow from the inlet pipe 154 to the outlet pipe 156 may go against the path of the exhaust gases inside the pipe 160. Accordingly, dimensions such as width (w) and height (h) could ut should be varied as necessary to ensure that the water at the inlet does not follow a convection or other path, but goes in the direction of the return flow corresponding to heat transfer.

In accordance with some embodiments, the pipe 160 is a curved pipe having a sickle-shaped cross section in which the middle portion is bent upward in order to facilitate the flow of heated and thus expanded water so that it is held inside the bent bottom of the pipe 160 by buoyancy forces. The pipe 160 is made with the possibility of its placement inside the external tank 150, and the specified pipe 160 is made in the form of spiral turns inside the tank 150; in addition, a backflow path is provided in the reservoir 150 along which fluid 152 extends from the inlet 154 to the outlet 156. This arrangement improves the efficiency of the system and allows the fluid 152 to achieve a reliable and appropriate temperature in the outlet 156.

FIG. 3 shows a system 200 in accordance with several embodiments of the present invention. The system 200 includes an engine 210 and a generator 212. The engine 210 may be an internal combustion engine, a fuel cell, or another engine of the corresponding type. The engine 210 comprises input lines 210a for supplying materials such as fuel, air, hydrogen or other suitable material to the engine 210 for use in the engine 210. Fuel may be supplied through the input lines 210a as described in the pending application. a patent application entitled “ENERGY AND RESOURCE INDEPENDENCE OF THE FULL SPECTRUM” mentioned above and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Generator 212 is configured to connect to engine 210 to convert energy from engine 210 to electricity. System 200 may include an inverter 212a and other related electrical equipment 212b, such as cabling, electrolyzers, batteries, capacitors, and the like, for the purpose of delivering electricity from generator 212 to rooms.

In addition, the system 200 may include an exhaust gas exhaust line 214, a heat exchanger 215, and a heat chamber 216. The heat exchanger 215 is configured to transfer heat from the exhaust gas line to the heat chamber 216. The heat chamber 216 may comprise several cascading heat chambers connected through a network of heat exchangers. For example, a heat chamber 216 may include a first heat chamber 216a configured to receive heat from exhaust gases in the first place; a second heat chamber 216b configured to receive heat from the first heat chamber 216b; and a third heat chamber 216c configured to receive heat from the second heat chamber 216c. The air in the heat chamber 216 can be distributed between several heat chambers 216a, 216b and 216c through a series of valves and controllers 217. The first heat chamber 216a is configured to be used for cooking at the highest possible temperatures, for example, as a pizza oven. The second heat chamber 216b is configured to be used for cooking at lower temperatures, and the third heat chamber 216c is configured to be used as an oven for cooking at even lower temperatures, for example, for drying or preparing food products. At least one of the heat chambers 216 may include a microwave. The heat chamber 216 may include a drying filter (not shown) for drying the air inside the microchambers 216. The drying filter is arranged to be periodically recovered using hot exhaust gases from the engine 210. A useful and healthful, as well as economical way of preserving food products, their compact storage is drying fruits, meat and vegetables. By using the system 200, quick drying and preparation of food products is possible without infection carriers.

In addition, the system 200 includes a reservoir 220 through which the exhaust gas exhaust line 214 passes to a heated fluid, such as water, in the reservoir 220, after the exhaust gases pass through a microchamber 216. In accordance with some embodiments, for construction heat exchanger 215 and pipe 214 may use the appropriate corrosion-resistant material, such as stainless steel. Alternative materials for heat exchanger 215 include high temperature polymers that provide cost-effective anti-corrosion benefits. The pipe 214 may be made of polyester, organosilicon compounds and / or fluoropolymers. An exhaust gas exhaust line 214 and a reservoir 220 can be arranged substantially in the same way as the system 100, which is described above with reference to FIG. System 200 may include a condensate collector 221 near an outlet. According to some embodiments, for example, in which attenuation of noise, heat and vibration is a priority, the engine 210 and the generator 212 are located inside an internal tank (not shown), which in turn is located inside the tank 220 in essentially the same way as in system 100 described in connection with FIG. The fluid in reservoir 220 may be drinking water, which is used for drinking, bathing, washing, and the like. inside the aforementioned rooms. In accordance with some variants of implementation, water (or other fluid) can be used, among other things, for heating these premises. The tank 220 may include an outlet pipe 222 connected to a heat exchanger 224, including a group of pipelines passing through the walls, ceiling and floor of the premises. These rooms may contain insulation between the heat exchanger 224 and the outer surface of the premises, but can be configured to transfer heat to the interior of the premises. Water can be returned from heat exchanger 224 to reservoir 220, or it can be used indoors as drinking water. The reservoir 220 may be designed to produce and maintain the hottest water in the upper part of the reservoir 220 and the coldest water in the lower part of the reservoir 220 by suppressing or preventing mixing due to a pulse of incoming water and / or convection flows.

Existing methods of technical support for premises can be significantly improved through methods of using heat at multilevel temperatures, including the operation of internal combustion engines or high-temperature fuel cells, during the thermochemical recovery of primary fuels into fuels that produce a greater amount of energy during heat exchange for cooking, when drying food, when heating water, and when using heated water in the snake system with fan cooling or in the underfloor heating system. The overall energy efficiency is increased compared to the efficiency of the methods currently used. An inherent advantage is energy security, as well as the possibility of guaranteed receipt of drinking water, its pasteurization or sterilization.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a reservoir 300 in accordance with several embodiments of the present invention. The reservoir 300 may be made of a metal or polymer, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride or a perfluoroalkoxy compound. The reservoir 300 may comprise a central barrel 310, which may be hollow or integral and, in turn, may include an axial tubular member 314. In accordance with some embodiments, the bore of the barrel 310 is configured to be used as a central passage for connecting the respective supply tubes to the purpose of pumping and pumping to / from various places within the energy systems 100 and 200, as well as to external destinations. The spiral pipe 312 is configured to extend around the barrel 310 inside the reservoir 300. Figure 4 shows the pipe 312 for understanding the essence in the form of a line, however, it should be understood that the pipe 312 may have any corresponding shape when placed inside the tank 300. The spiral shape pipes 312 reinforce the reservoir 300 from the inside. The tank 300 can be easily made by forming a polymer spiral tube, as shown in FIG. 4 (which can be placed around the barrel 310 and connected to it or not placed around the barrel 310 and not connected to it). An impermeable liner 316 may be applied to the outer surfaces of the pipe 312 by thermoforming and glued thereto. The reservoir 300 may comprise an outer wrapping material 318 made of fiberglass, ordered polyolefin, ordered polyester and / or graphite fiber in a suitable curable material such as epoxy . In those embodiments in which the central shaft 310 is included, end stiffeners such as conformal components 320 and 322 are used, configured to provide axial load distribution and provide reinforcement, as well as the ability to provide mounting devices. By bonding the barrel 310 to components 320 and 322, or by transferring the load using threaded or similar joints, axial stress locking is ensured in the reservoir 300.

5 shows an energy system 400 for living quarters or other small spaces in accordance with several embodiments of the present invention. The system 400 comprises solar panels 402 configured to receive solar energy and convert said energy into heat and electricity for rooms. Said heat can be extracted from the solar panels 402 by means of a working fluid such as air and / or water, by passing said fluid from the first main pipe 404a to the second main pipe 404b. In addition, the system 400 may include an engine 410 and a generator 412 similarly to the systems 100 and 200 described above. The exhaust gases from the engine 410 and the generator 412 can be transferred to a heat exchanger 414 inside the container 416. The container 416 is any space in which the heat of the exhaust gases, including an oven or a room heating device, can be used. The heat exchanger 414 is configured to use countercurrent air by moving two fluids against each other, as shown by arrows 414a. According to other embodiments, the exhaust gases pass through a thermal storage tank 418. The thermal storage tank 418 may contain a medium 419 with a high specific heat and / or phase transition material, for example, Glauber's salt (Na2SO4 · 10H2O) or paraffin for heating or cooling fluid environment adaptively circulating in the thermal storage tank 418. The main pipelines 404a, 404b are configured to direct heat from the solar panels 402 to the thermal storage p reservoir of 418 to further use elsewhere.

System 400 may include a reservoir 430 and exhaust pipes 432 passing through reservoir 430 and a condensate collector 434 similar to systems 100, 200 described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. Fluid in reservoir 430 may optionally be heated from the exhaust gases from the engine 410 or from the thermal storage tank 418. The tank 430 may include heat storage coils 431 surrounding the tank 430. The hot fluid in the tank 430 may be cycled to the heat exchanger 44 0 on the floor or wall of the room in order to heat said room before returning to the tank 430. System 400 may include a controller 420 that controls the engine 410 and / or generator 412, and sensors that receive information about temperature and / or humidity. The controller 420 is adapted to adaptively control the circulation of working fluids in various parts of the system 400. In addition, the system 400 may include a geothermal storage return elbow 442 that extends below the surface of the earth, where temperatures are generally more moderate than on the surface of the earth. The fluid in the return bend 442 may be driven by a pump 444 or other appropriate discharge equipment. The heat exchanger 440 is configured to transfer heat to the return elbow 442, which is configured to transfer said heat to a geothermal storage below the surface of the earth. System 400 is configured to circulate water from a well or water cooled in a heat exchanger (not shown) that is buried in the ground and is at a sufficient depth to allow water circulating in the heat exchanger 440 to reach an average annual air temperature. On most continents, the saturation zone of groundwater aquifers remains very close to the average annual air temperature plus one degree for every 80 overburden layers to that surface. During the colder months of the year, this groundwater is warmer than the ambient temperature. During the warmer months of the year, the specified groundwater is usually 20–40 ° F colder than the ambient temperature, and may well serve as a heat sink for cooling the rooms. Similarly, in areas near deep ocean waters, it is often found that cold water from the depths of the ocean may well serve to cool the rooms.

In the present description, unless the context obviously requires otherwise, the word “contain” and its forms such as “contains” and “containing” should be construed in an inclusive sense, and not in an exclusive and not exhaustive sense; in other words, in the sense of "including, but not limited to." Words used in the singular or plural include the plural and singular, respectively. When the word “or” is used in the claims, in relation to a list of one or more positions, this word covers all interpretations of the specified word: any position in the specified list, all positions in the specified list, any combination of positions in the specified list.

The various embodiments described above may be combined to form other embodiments. All US patents, publications of applications for US patents, applications for US patents, foreign patents, applications for foreign patents and patentless publications referred to in this description and / or listed in the data relating to this application are incorporated herein by reference in in their entirety. Aspects of the present invention may be modified, if necessary, to use fuel injectors and ignition devices of various configurations, and other embodiments of the present invention may be proposed through concepts of various patents, applications, and publications.

These and other changes may be made in accordance with the foregoing detailed description. In a general sense, the terms used in the following claims should not be construed to limit the present invention to the specific embodiments disclosed in the present description and claims, but should be construed to include all the systems and methods described in accordance with paragraphs claims Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the present description, and the scope of the present invention should be defined broadly by the following claims.

Claims (37)

1. The energy system for the premises, containing
internal tank;
a generator inside the inner reservoir, the inner reservoir containing a first fluid surrounding at least a portion of the generator, which is configured to generate electricity for said rooms;
an external reservoir comprising at least a portion of an internal reservoir that is at least partially immersed in a second fluid;
an exhaust channel configured to connect to a generator for receiving exhaust gases from the generator, the exhaust channel passing through a second fluid to exchange heat between the exhaust gases and the second fluid; and
a fluid outlet port configured to connect to an external reservoir for delivering a heated second fluid from an external reservoir for use in said rooms. 2. The energy system according to claim 1, in which the fluid in the external reservoir contains drinking water. 3. The energy system according to claim 1, in which the first fluid contains at least one of such substances as a high-temperature organosilicon compound, fluorocarbon, eutectic solution, self-extinguishing fluid, dielectric fluid, sulfur hexafluoride, sand, potassium hydroxide or metal balloons. 4. The energy system according to claim 1, in which the outlet channel contains an outlet and a fluid manifold configured to collect water from the exhaust gases. 5. The energy system according to claim 1, additionally containing
a fuel line configured to supply fuel to a generator;
an air intake configured to supply air to the generator, the generator comprising an internal combustion engine; and
an inlet pipe to an external tank located at the bottom of the external tank. 6. The energy system according to claim 1, in which the exhaust channel contains a spiral pipe passing through an external reservoir. 7. The energy system according to claim 1, in which the exhaust channel contains an elongated pipe having a sickle-shaped cross section in order to improve heat transfer from the exhaust gases to the second fluid. 8. The energy system according to claim 1, in which
the external reservoir comprises a substantially cylindrical vertical reservoir;
moreover, the inner reservoir as a whole is located in the central part inside the outer reservoir near the upper part of the outer reservoir; but
the outlet channel comprises an elongated pipe extending helically around an axis at least generally parallel to the cylindrical vertical external reservoir. 9. The energy system according to claim 1, in which the inner reservoir contains a top hole, and gases from the first fluid move toward the surface of the first fluid and out through the top hole. 10. The energy system according to claim 1, in which the outlet pipe for the fluid further comprises a pressure sensor configured to discharge part of the second fluid from the external reservoir when the pressure inside the external reservoir reaches a threshold value. 11. The energy system according to claim 1, in which the inner reservoir is configured to absorb heat, vibration and acoustic energy from the generator and with the possibility of transferring energy to the second fluid in the form of heat. 12. The energy system of claim 1, wherein the generator is configured to receive energy from the engine and to store at least a portion of said energy in the flywheel. 13. The energy system according to claim 1, further comprising a solar battery and a heat exchanger configured to remove heat from said solar battery and to transmit said heat to a second fluid. 14. The energy system of claim 1, further comprising a heat exchanger configured to receive a second fluid and to transfer heat from said second fluid to the rooms. 15. The energy system according to 14, in which the heat exchanger contains a group of pipelines made with the possibility of passing through them a second fluid, and the specified group of pipelines is located on the inner surface of these premises. 16. The energy system according to claim 1, in which the exhaust channel contains a pipe having a spiral shape, and in which the external reservoir contains a lid that overlaps the outer periphery of the spiral shape. 17. The energy system according to clause 16, in which the specified cover is made of at least one material such as fiberglass, ordered polyolefin, ordered polyester and graphite fiber in a suitable thermosetting epoxy resin. 18. The energy system of claim 1, further comprising a thermal storage tank configured to receive heat from the exhaust gases and storing said heat, the thermal storage tank being made of at least one of a substance such as Glauber's salt (Na2SO4 · 10H2O) or paraffin. 19. The energy system according to claim 1, in which the exhaust channel is configured to transfer heat from the exhaust gas to the heat chamber. 20. The energy system according to claim 19, in which the heat chamber comprises heat chambers that are connected through a network of heat exchangers configured to exchange heat between said heat chambers. 21. A method of transferring energy to rooms, containing
controlling an engine located inside a first reservoir containing a first fluid medium that is configured to absorb energy from said engine in the form of at least one of such energies as acoustic, vibrational and thermal energy;
conducting exhaust gases from the specified engine through the exhaust channel; and
heat exchange between the exhaust gases and the second fluid located inside the second tank, with at least a portion of the first tank immersed in the second fluid inside the second tank, and the second fluid is configured to absorb energy from the first fluid inside the first tank. 22. The method according to item 21, in which the second fluid medium contains drinking water, and this method further comprises dosing of drinking water from the second tank after heat exchange between the exhaust gases and drinking water. 23. The method according to item 21, in which the engine control comprises starting the generator, configured to generate electricity for the premises. 24. The method according to item 21, in which the engine comprises an internal combustion engine. 25. The method according to item 21, in which the engine contains a solar battery. 26. The method according to item 21, further comprising transferring heat from the second fluid to the rooms. 27. The method according to p, in which the heat transfer from the second fluid to the premises contains
pumping the heated second fluid from the second tank through a group of pipelines near the inner surface of the premises, so that heat from the second fluid is transferred to the specified rooms; and
returning the second fluid to the second tank after heat transfer by the second fluid to said rooms through the inner surface of said rooms. 28. The method according to item 21, further comprising cycling the second fluid from the second reservoir into a geothermal reservoir. 29. The method according to item 21, additionally containing the release of gases from the first tank into the external environment. 30. The method according to item 21, further comprising collecting water condensate from the exhaust gases. 31. The method according to item 21, further comprising
power supply of the external device through the engine; and
heat transfer from the specified external device to the second fluid in the second tank. 32. The method according to item 21, further comprising transferring heat from the exhaust gases to an external device for the purpose of powering said external device. 33. An energy system comprising
means of generating electricity and heat;
an exhaust gas discharge line adapted to receive exhaust gases from means for generating electricity and heat;
a fluid storage tank configured to store a fluid, the exhaust gas outlet line passing through the fluid storage tank to exchange heat with said fluid in the fluid storage tank;
means for collecting water condensed in the exhaust line; and
a heat exchanger configured to connect to a fluid storage tank and to receive said fluid from a fluid storage tank and to deliver heat from said fluid to the rooms. 34. The energy system according to clause 33, in which the heat exchanger is placed within the inner surface of the premises. 35. The energy system according to clause 33, further comprising an inverter configured to connect to means for generating electricity, said inverter configured to deliver electricity to the premises. 36. The energy system according to claim 33, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a geothermal storage return elbow that extends into the ground and which is configured to transfer heat from the premises to the ground. 37. The energy system according to clause 33, in which means for generating electricity and heat are placed inside the reservoir for storing a fluid medium, which is configured to absorb heat and vibration energy from these means for generating electricity and heat.

Images