RU2472467C2 - Method of preventing and treating gastroenteritis, caused by bacteriosis, in calves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: claimed invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular, to methods of prevention and treatment of gastroenteritis, caused by bacteriosis, in calves. Method of prevention and treatment of gastroenteritis, caused by bacteriosis, in calves includes introduction of resistance-increasing animal preparation. As resistance-increasing preparation used is sorbent - wastes of processes of wine material demetallisation and clarification, which is introduced into diet of newborn calves with beestings in amount 1% calculated per dry substance of forage.

EFFECT: application of claimed invention will make it possible to make calf breeding in conditions of bacteriosis cheaper, prevent gastrointestinal tract dysfunctions, reduce death of newborn animals and improve general state.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of veterinary medicine, in particular to methods for the prevention and treatment of calf gastroenteritis.

Known methods for increasing the resistance of the body of calves with impaired function of the gastrointestinal tract.

In order to prevent gastroenteritis, cows and calves obtained from them are subcutaneously injected with hyperimmune serum: to cows 20-30 days before calving at a dose of 440-50 ml per animal, calves at a dose of 20 ml on the first, third and sixth days of life (Molokanov V.A., Molokanova V.V., 1998).

For the prevention of dyspepsia of newborn calves effective regimens, which include drugs ATP and Dostim. The animals are injected twice, subcutaneously, with an interval of 10 days, with the ATP drug at a dose of 1 mg / kg of body weight simultaneously with twice vaccination with the Dostim drug, which is administered in a dose of 1 ml initially and repeatedly, in the same dose after 7 days. In this case, there is an improvement in the general condition of the animals, relief of signs of gastrointestinal disturbances, normalization of venous blood parameters and an increase in weight gain (Zenkin S.A., 2001).

For complex treatment of calves with dyspepsia, sodium hypochlorite is used at a concentration of 370 mg / l in a dose of 150 ml intravenously once a day. Clinical recovery, normalization of blood morphological parameters occurs after two days of therapy (S.S. Abramov, Yu.K. Kovalenko, 1990).

In severe dyspepsia in calves, abomasum washing, cleansing enemas, the introduction of activated charcoal and lignin, a suppleural novocaine blockade according to V.V. Mosin are used by introducing a 0.5% solution of novocaine 200 ml each side to the sup pleural fiber or visceral blockade according to V. Gerov by injection of a 1% solution of novocaine into the abdominal cavity at a dose of 1 ml / kg (Mityushin V.V., 1989). This method is taken as the closest analogue.

The disadvantages of the described methods is that the preparations used for their implementation are difficult to manufacture and application patterns, in particular, individual intramuscular administration is required.

Objectives of the invention: the development of a simpler and more cost-effective way to increase the effectiveness of the prevention and treatment of outbreaks of calf gastroenteritis caused by bacteriosis.

This goal is achieved by introducing into the diet of calves a ferrocyanide-bentonite sorbent - ХЖ - 90 (PBS) - the waste of demetallization and clarification of wine materials containing ferrocyanides of iron (III) and other transition metals. In this case, FBS is added to the calves in colostrum daily in an amount of 1% of the diet, calculated on the dry matter of the feed.

The inventive to increase the effectiveness of the prevention and treatment of outbreaks of gastroenteritis of calves and piglets from farms in which there is no full guarantee of feeding the animals free from opportunistic bacteria feed, sorbent is administered to newborn calves with colostrum in an amount of 5 g (1% of dry matter of feed) per animal in one go, daily, until bacteriosis is eliminated.

The technical and economic advantages of the proposed method consist in cheaper methods for raising calves of different ages under conditions of bacteriosis of known and unknown nature, causing acute gastrointestinal disturbances, neutralizing their effects, treating and preventing disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, improving the general condition, and reducing the death of newborns animals.

Ferrocyanide-bentonite sorbent in the form of a precipitate is formed in large quantities during the processing of wine materials. During demetallization (removal of excess iron and other metal ions) and clarification of wine, a solution of yellow blood salt, gelatin and natural bentonite are added to it according to the existing technology, while the iron (III) ferrocyanides and other metals formed in the solution are captured by bentonite particles and settle in the form of sediment. After sedimentation, the precipitates are dried, ground in a ball mill and used as a feed additive. The presence of small amounts of organic acids (tartaric, malic, etc.), residues of fruits and berries, gelatin, microelements in the FBS composition increases the nutritional value of feeds and contributes to their better digestibility.

The method is as follows.

1. Clinical and epizootological examinations of newborn calves of the colostrum period (up to 10 days of age) are carried out, confirming that they have an acute upset gastrointestinal tract under conditions of both bacteriosis and an unknown nature.

2. The FBS preparation is administered to calves inside from a nipple drinker mixed with colostrum. 2 l of colostrum is poured into the nipple drinker and a weighed sample of PBS (1% of the dry matter of the feed) is poured into it, followed by shaking for uniform mixing. In this case, take into account that the average amount of dry matter in colostrum is in the range of 22.5%.

The method was tested on 50 calves. In this case, 5 groups of calves were identified, including a control group of 10 animals in each, ill with colibacteriosis and pseudomonosis in an associative form. When testing the FBS drug, its therapeutic and prophylactic dose was determined.

Table 1 Determination of the therapeutic and prophylactic dose of PBS Group Type of animals, number n Dose to dry matter feed Duration of treatment, days Multiplicity of introduction Recovered Fatal outcome, % Note calves g % one 10 2 0.5 10 thirty 9 90 10 2 10 5 one 10 thirty 10 one hundred 0 3 10 10 2 10 thirty 10 one hundred 0 four 10 fifteen 3 10 thirty 10 one hundred 0 5 10 - - - - 7 70 thirty

To the calves of the first group, the drug was administered orally with colostrum at a dose of 2 g (0.5% of the colostrum dry matter), the second 5 g (1%), the third 10 g (2%), the fourth 15 g (3%), the fifth group was the control, the drug with colostrum was not drunk.

As can be seen from table 1, the results revealed the optimal therapeutic dose of the drug in the experiment on calves. It amounted to 1% of colostrum dry matter (5 g).

In the experiment on calves at a dose of 2% to the dry matter of colostrum and more (4th group). Recovery of animals proceeded at the same level with the 2nd group. However, the introduction of the drug in a dose of 2 g (0.5%) for the calf was not effective enough and did not provide 100% safety (life) of the animals.

Experience 1. In newborn calves up to 10 days of age, the clinical picture of diarrhea was noted after the 2nd-3rd drinking of colostrum, decreased appetite, dehydration, and on the 2nd-4th day, the mass death of animals. Microbiological examination of pathological material from dead calves isolated the causative agent of streptococcosis (Streptococcus fecalis) and pathogenic culture of E. coli (E. coli).

To prevent further death of newborn calves, two schemes for the prevention and treatment of the disease were used. In the first scheme, treatment with gentamicin and other antibiotics at the recommended doses, diffusion of Ringer-Locke rehydration solutions and 10% glucose were undertaken. As a result of such procedures, out of 71 births, 21 calves fell (29%).

The second regimen included the prevention and treatment of the disease with Fupedin orally in the first 3-4 drinks with colostrum and simultaneously in the first day of life a single injection of the antibiotic abactan at a dose of 5 mg per 1 kg of calf weight. Ill animals that were not treated with abactan were treated with the same dose - 3-5 times injection once a day, and 50 ml of fupedine was given inside, followed by the delivery of saline before triple drinking with colostrum three times according to the mentioned scheme. After such preventive and therapeutic measures, out of 21 calf born after 12 days, one fell (5%).

According to the third scheme, 12 born calves were given daily for 10 days with colostrum sorbent ХЖ-90 in the amount of 5 g per animal. Within 10 days, the calves showed no signs of diarrhea, all the calves survived.

The test results show that the sorbent from winemaking waste introduced into colostrum in the amount of 5 g per animal from the first to the 10th day of life has sorption properties against toxic bacterioses and leads to a decrease in the clinical manifestations of acute gastrointestinal disorders and preservation the lives of calves.

Example. In a newborn calf up to 3 days of age, after a second colostrum, a clinical picture of diarrhea, decreased appetite, and dehydration of the body were noticed. Bacteriological studies have found that acute intestinal disorder is caused by pathogens of streptococcosis (Streptococcus faecalis) and E. coli (Escherichia coli). For therapeutic and prophylactic effectiveness according to the tested method, FBS was used. The results of the experiment are shown in table 2.

table 2 Number of animals (n) Purpose of introduction The term of treatment (prevention) in days Multiplicity of introduction Recovered Fatal outcome Note one Prevention 3 9 one - No signs of illness one Treatment 7 21 one - Signs of recovery occurred on the 3rd day one Control denied. - - - one Sick on the 2nd day of life and death occurred on the 7th day

As can be seen from table 2, the results of the experiment indicate that the most effective protection of the animal from bacteriosis is the prophylactic administration of the drug. The calf did not get sick and subsequently had a healthier appearance in comparison with the treated animals. The recovery of a sick calf lasted 7 days, during which time he had a low increase in live weight.

In the control, FBS was not used. The calf, being in conditions with a sick animal, became infected by the end of 2 days of life and fell ill. Clinical signs were characterized by the described disease. After 4 days of illness, he died.

Literature

1. Abramov et al. Prevention of non-communicable diseases of young animals. - M .: Agropromizdat, 1990. - P.175.

2. Mityushin V.V. Treatment of calves in acute digestive disorders // Veterinary medicine, 1985. - No. 10. - S.15.

3. Molokanov V.A. et al. Prevention of dyspepsia of calves // M-ly interuniversity. scientific and practical conf. / relevant. problems vet. honey. life, social science and training in the Southern Urals. - Troitsk, 1998 .-- Part 1. - P.76.

Claims (1)

A method for the prevention and treatment of gastroenteritis due to bacteriosis in calves, including the introduction into the body of an animal drug that increases resistance, characterized in that as a drug that increases resistance, sorbent is used - waste material demetallization and clarification of wine materials that are introduced into the diet of newborn calves with colostrum in a volume of 1% calculated on the dry matter of the feed.