RU2463769C1 - Fruit catcher for cucurbits crops, with active in-roller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to vehicles designed to harvest the fruits of cucurbits crops. The fruit catcher comprises a frame, a closed chain contour with flexible blades, an in-roller, and a delivery tray. The in-roller comprises a flexible conveyor belt with fruit-catching blades in the form of fingers of elastic-flexible material. The fingers have a spherical thickening on the end and are fixed to the flexible conveyor belt with cross rows with the distance between the fingers t=40 … 60 mm. The conveyor belt is fixed in the support rod of the in-roller on the top with covering corners, on the bottom with a groove. On the frame of the closed chain contour a fruit-catching grid is provided consisting of fingers with the distance between the fingers, providing easy access of the fingers of the flexible conveyor belt. To copy the soil surface by the support rod it is provided a support wheel on its end. The drive of the conveyor belt is made from the hydraulic motor using hydraulic pump of the tractor hydraulic system.

EFFECT: invention provides the capture of fruits and their supply to the fruit-lifting circuit without damage.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines designed for harvesting gourds.

Known fruit picker for melons, containing an endless conveyor with fingers mounted on it, in which, in order to reduce damage when selecting fruits of various sizes and shapes, the fingers are spring-loaded and pivotally mounted on the conveyor with a step close to the size of the smallest fruits; articulated spring fingers in the working area are covered with elastic material and have a pear-shaped thickening at the end (copyright certificate SU No. 397154, microliter A01D 45/00, A01D 51/00).

The disadvantages of the described picker include low technical reliability, low productivity, large fruit losses.

Known fruit picker for melons and gourds, containing a support frame, a lift made in the form of a series of guides, and a feeding device with leashes, in which, in order to increase the completeness of selection and reduce damage to the fruit, the feeding device consists of separate endlessly flexible hinged relative to the frame and guides elements on which leashes are fixed with an arrangement between the guides and inclined in the direction of movement of the flexible elements (copyright certificate SU No. 886803, label ³ A01D 45/00).

The disadvantages of this picker include the complexity of the design, the low reliability of the selection of fruits, their mechanical damage at the time of capture and transportation, as well as the inability to select only standard fruits.

Known picker of gourds, containing a frame, a drum with meshes, a roll-in and a receiving tray, the drum is made in the form of a closed chain contour, the lifting branch of which is inclined in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the picker, and is equipped with a conveyor belt and elastic blades forming the mesh while the conveyor belt covers the chain contour from the outside, and the elastic blades are connected with the chain contour and the conveyor belt and are perpendicular to them (copyright certificate SU No. 1588307, M.L. ⁵ A01D 45/00).

The disadvantages of this picker are injury to the fruit during collision from the right and left feeders, imperfections in construction when aggregated with a tractor and the inability to select fruits for a standard size.

Known picker of gourds, containing a frame, a roll-in, a closed chain loop, the lifting chain of which is tilted in the direction opposite to the direction of movement, and a conveyor belt covering the chain loop from the outside, and elastic blades rigidly connected to the chain loop and conveyor belt, each blade of the chain contour is made [-shaped and located to the chain contour at an angle of 60 ... 70 °, and its side posts are lined with elastic material, while the blade has a bend in the opposite direction the movement of the pick-up, and the frame is tilted back at an angle of 60 ... 70 °, the conveyor belt covering the chain contour is made in the form of a grid with cells whose size is larger than the minimum size of the picked fruits, the pick-up frame is mounted on the tractor, and the chain contour is connected with the drive wheel of the tractor, the pick-up swather has strips that are mounted on the supporting beam fixed in the lower part of the frame and fixed on the tractor frame by means of adjustable stretching (patent RU No. 2262224, IPC ⁷ A01D 51/0).

The disadvantage of this picker is the injury to the fruit by the roll-in, which has passive slats installed at an angle to the direction of movement.

The closest technical solution is a pick-up loader of gourds, containing a frame, a closed chain circuit with a conveyor belt and elastic blades, a roll-in and a receiving tray, while the roll-in includes a two-strand chain loop with blades, the frame of which is rigidly fixed to the chain loop in the direction of movement pick-ups having a horizontal elastic shelf in the form of tensioned slings fixed to a horizontal shelf of the frame and a shelf parallel to the chain contour, the upper part of the frame Asa blades has a bend made in radius greater than the radius of the maximum fruit size, elastic and elastic slings are stretched between the upper and lower shelves of the blade frame, the drive chain of the roll-in is made from a hydraulic motor, the chain circuit is mounted on a carrier bar, pivotally mounted on the frame of the pick-up loader and having adjustment of the installation angle to the direction of movement, and behind the roll-in there is a control fetal-shifting bar (patent for invention RU No. 2238105 C1, A01D 51/00, A01D 45/00).

The disadvantages of this pick-up loader include the use of a double-strand chain contour with blades as a roll-in, which do not provide the supply of fruits to the fruit-lifting contour without injuring them, and the use of chains complicates the design.

The task to which the invention is directed is to simplify the design, ensure the capture of the fruits and their supply to the fruit-lifting circuit without injury.

The technical result is a reduction in injury to the fruit, increased operational reliability and simplified design.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known gourmet fruit picker with an active roll-in containing a frame, a closed chain circuit with elastic blades, a roll-in and a receiving tray, according to the invention, the roll-in includes an elastic conveyor belt with fruit-catching blades in the form of fingers of elastic material having spherical thickening at the end of the finger and transverse rows fixed on an elastic conveyor belt with a distance between the fingers t = 40 ... 60 mm, the transporter itself The cutter tape is fixed in the roll-in carrier bar from above by covering corners, from below - by a groove, on the frame of the closed chain contour, a pick-up grill is provided, consisting of fingers with a distance between the fingers providing free passage of the fingers of the elastic conveyor belt; the end of the support wheel, the conveyor belt drive is made from a hydraulic motor using a tractor hydraulic pump.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a picker of gourds mounted on a tractor, side view.

Figure 2 is a view In figure 1.

Figure 3 is a view A in figure 2.

Figure 4 - section bb in figure 2.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed technical solution is as follows.

The gourd fruit pick-up loader includes a tractor 1, on the hinged system 2 of which a fruit-lifting contour 3 is installed in the form of a volumetric trapezoid, which contains a frame 4 covered by a closed chain contour 5 mounted on sprockets 6. The blades are fixed to the chain contour 7. The blades 7 are fixed between the chain loop 5 and the conveyor loop surrounding it 8. The frame 4 is tilted back in the opposite direction of the pick-up direction at an angle of 70 ... 80 ° to the horizontal, and the blades 7 are located on the frame 4 to the chain path 5 of perpens ikulyarno. The chain circuit 5, covered by a conveyor circuit 8 with blades 7, is a fruit-lifting circuit. The trapezoidal frame 4 has brackets with which it is attached to the hydraulic hinged system 2 of the tractor 1. The lower side of the trapezoid is equal to the required area for rolling in fruits, and the upper side is equal to the unloading zone, while the zone for rolling in fruits is 1.5 ... 2 times the discharge zone . The belts 8 of the fruit-lifting contour 3 have trolleys 9 for driving the chain contour 5. To feed the fruits into the inter-blade space of the fruit-lifting contour 3, a roll-in is provided, which is pivotally mounted to the frame 4 using the bracket 10.

The pick-up is based on the copying wheel 11. At the top of the fruit-lifting contour, a pick-up tray 12 with a stacker 13 is provided. In front of the tractor, a swather is installed on the supporting beam 14, which includes support copy wheels 15. The oblique slats 16 are fixed to them. The pick-up 17 includes an elastic conveyor belt 18 mounted on the supporting beam 19 with the help of brackets 20, 21 on the frame of the fruit-lifting circuit 3. A protective strip 22 is installed behind the drive unit 23. A hydraulic motor 23 is installed on the drive unit Fruit-gripping blades 24 in the form of fingers of an elastic material and having a spherical seal at the end of the finger are fixed to the reverse tape. The fingers are fixed on the conveyor belt in transverse rows with a distance between the fingers t = 40 ... 60 mm. The conveyor belt is fixed in the carrier bar of the roll-in at the top - covering corners 25, at the bottom - with a groove. On the frame 4 of the closed chain loop 5, a fruit picking grid 26 is provided, consisting of fingers, with a distance between the fingers, providing free passage of the fingers of the elastic conveyor belt.

Picker loader of gourds is as follows.

After selective harvesting of marketable fruits for sale that have a market price, it is necessary to select from the field all standard fruits suitable for use for food purposes or processing for seeds, juice and pulp.

When the unit moves, the fruits lying on the field surface in front of the wheels of the moving tractor are captured by the oblique rails 16 of the swather and form a roll passed between the wheels of the tractor 1. The fruits formed in the swath are captured by the blades 24 of the roll-in and sent to the interscapular space of the fruit-lifting contour 3. Fruits received on the belts 8, are captured by the straps 7 and begin to move them along the movement of the unit. When the transport circuit 8 is bent, fruits having a size smaller than standard ones pass between the belts and remain on the field surface. The standard fruits of melons are raised by the straps 7 to the upper part of the fruit-growing contour 3. When the transport circuit is bent, the straps 7 occupy a vertical position, and the fruits arrive on a ramp tray 12, which has a slope to the field surface. The fruits received on the ramp tray are moved to the stacker 13, which directs them to the place of unloading.

The developed design of the unit allows selection of fruits from the field surface, separate cleaning of standard fruits with their loading in the vehicle with minimal mechanical damage, while the design and layout of the unit is greatly simplified.

Claims (1)

A gourmet fruit picker with an active roll-in, comprising a frame, a closed chain circuit with elastic blades, a roll-in and a pick-up tray, characterized in that the roll-in includes an elastic conveyor belt with fruit-catching blades in the form of fingers made of elastic material having a spherical thickening at the end of the finger and fixed on an elastic conveyor belt in transverse rows with a distance between the fingers t = 40 ... 60 mm, the conveyor belt itself is fixed in the carrier bar of the roll-in from above about by rolling corners, from the bottom by a groove, on the frame of the closed chain contour, a pick-up grill is provided, consisting of fingers with a distance between the fingers providing free passage of the fingers of the elastic conveyor belt, a support wheel is provided at the end for copying the soil surface with the carrier bar, the conveyor belt drive is made from a hydraulic motor using a tractor hydraulic pump.

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