RU2316934C1 - Fruit pickup apparatus for vine crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, harvesting of vine crops.

SUBSTANCE: pickup apparatus has frame, fruit gripping device, and loading conveyor. Fruit-gripping device is made in the form of pair of chain-type conveyors inclined to horizontal plane and provided with working device, and is further equipped with fruit guide positioned forward of it. Each working device has L-shaped carcass with strips arranged at an angle of 65-75 deg. Plastoelastic connection webs are positioned between carcass strips. Lower strip of L-shaped carcass positioned in forward part of fruit gripping device is extending in parallel with field surface.

EFFECT: reduced damage to fruit and increased efficiency of pickup apparatus.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines designed for harvesting gourds.

Known fruit picker for melons, containing an endless conveyor with fingers mounted on it, in which, in order to reduce damage when selecting fruits of various sizes and shapes, the fingers are spring-loaded and pivotally mounted on the conveyor with a step close to the size of the smallest fruits; articulated spring fingers in the working area are covered with elastic material and have a pear-shaped thickening at the end (SU, certificate of authorship No. 397154, M. class A01D 45/00, A01D 51/00. Selector of gourds. / B. G. Chechin, M.Yu.Topolsky, E.G. Volkov, V.A. Rumyantsev and others. - Claimed 09/21/1971; publ. 09/17/1973).

The disadvantages of the described pick-up include low technical reliability, low productivity and large losses.

Known picker of fruits of melons, containing a support frame, a lift made in the form of a series of guides, and a feeding device with leashes, in which, in order to increase the completeness of selection and reduce damage to fruits, the feeding device consists of separate endless flexible elements hinged relative to the frame and guides, the leashes on which are fixed with an arrangement between the rails and are tilted in the direction of movement of the flexible elements (SU, copyright certificate No. 886808, M. cl ^3. A01D 45/00. Fruit picker / V.I. Perepelitsa, V.I. Protasov, V.V.Grezhyanu, S.F. Shtelmakh - Declared 12/22/1976; publ. 07/12/1981).

The disadvantages of this picker include the complexity of the design, the low reliability of the selection of fruits, their mechanical damage at the time of capture and transportation, as well as the inability to select only standard fruits.

Known picker of gourds, containing a frame, a drum with meshes, a roll-in and a receiving tray, the drum is made in the form of a closed chain contour, the lifting branch of which is inclined in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the picker, and is equipped with a conveyor belt and elastic blades forming the mesh while the conveyor belt covers the chain contour from the outside, and the elastic blades are connected to the chain contour and the conveyor belt and are perpendicular to them (SU, copyright certificate 1588307, cl ⁵ M. A01D 45/00 Pick melons fruits / V.G.Abezin and L.N.Chaban - Stated 02.06.1987;... Published 30.08.1990, Bul №32)...

The disadvantages of this picker are injury to the fruit during collision from the right and left feeders, imperfection of the design when aggregated with a tractor, and the inability to select fruits for a standard size.

Known picker of gourds, containing a frame, a roll-in, a closed chain loop, the lifting chain of which is tilted in the direction opposite to the direction of movement, and a conveyor belt covering the chain loop from the outside, and the elastic blades are rigidly connected to the chain loop and conveyor belt, according to the invention, the blade of this circuit is made [-shaped and located to the chain circuit at an angle of 60 ... 70 °, and its side posts are lined with elastic material, the blade has a bend in the direction opposite to the pick-up, and the frame is tilted back at an angle of 60 ... 70 °, the conveyor belt covering the chain contour is made in the form of a grid with cells the size of which is larger than the minimum size of the picked fruits, while the pick-up frame is mounted on the tractor and the chain contour is connected with the drive wheel of the tractor, the pick-up swather has strips that are mounted on the supporting beam fixed in the lower part of the frame and fixed on the tractor frame by means of adjustable stretching (RU, patent No. 2262224, IPC ⁷ , A01D 51/00. Picker for gourds. / V.G. Abezin, V.V. Karpunin, A.N. Tseplyaev, M.N. Shaprov, A.M. Saldaev, V.P. Boromensky, D.A. Abezin. - Announced on 06/09/2004; publ. 10/20/2005, bull. No. 29).

The disadvantages of this picker are injury to the fruit by the roll-in, the inability to select the fruits of the minimum size, since the cell size is larger than the size of the fruits and the coverage of the conveyor belt of the chain loop, which is structurally impossible.

Known fruit picker for melons, containing a fruit-capturing device made in the form of a pair of conveyors with working bodies arranged in a horizontal plane at an angle to each other, and a transport device made in the form of a pair of inclined conveyors with working bodies, while the conveyors of the conveying device are installed at an angle 30 ... 40 ° to the fruit-capturing device, and the working bodies of the conveyors of this device and the fruit-capturing device are L-shaped, with volume the working bodies of the device for transporting fruits are mounted in greater increments than the working bodies of the fruit-picking device, and vertical elastic straps are mounted on each 4-5 working body of the inclined conveyor (SU, copyright certificate No. 1658885. A01D 51/00, 46/00. Sorter fruits of gourds. / V.G. Abezin, publ. 06/30/1991, bull. No. 24).

The disadvantages of the described picker include injury to the fruit during their transfer from horizontal conveyors, where they are unloaded.

This sorter is accepted by us as the closest analogue.

The invention consists in the following.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to reduce injury to the fruit and simplify the design.

The technical result is an increase in productivity and operational reliability.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the well-known picker of gourds, containing a fruit-capturing device made in the form of a pair of chain inclined conveyors with working bodies and having a fruit guide in front, the working bodies have an L-shaped frame with an angle between the shelves of 65 ... 75 °, conveyor shafts are installed at an angle of 65 ... 75 ° to the horizontal, the lower shelf of the L-shaped frame in front of the fruit-picking device is parallel to the field surface, between the shelves the frame is secured by arcuate elastomeric jumpers, the fruit picking device is mounted on a frame resting on a support plethora roller, the working bodies of the chain inclined conveyors rest on the pallet in the lower part, and the guiding tray is mounted in the upper part of the fruit picking device, conveyor.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a picker of fruits of gourds, side view.

Figure 2 is the same, top view.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The pick-up comprises an inclined frame 1 located at an angle of 15 ... 20 ° to the horizontal. Four shafts 2 with asterisks 3 and chain contours 4 are mounted on the frame 1. Fruit-capturing blades 5 are fixed to the links of the chain contours 4, covered with elastic material and made in an L-shape. Moreover, in the front of the frame 1, the lower shelf of the blade 5 is parallel to the surface of the gourd. Between the lower and lateral flanges of the blade 5, arcuate elastomeric jumpers 6 are fixed. A hydraulic motor 7 is provided for driving the chain circuits 4, and a transmission from the hydraulic motor 7 through a gear reducer is made for synchronous drive of the second chain circuit. In the upper part of the frame 1 there is a fruit receiving tray 8 with a loading conveyor (not shown due to fame). The frame 1 is supported by a pletho-skating rink 9. In the front of the pick-up, roll-in rollers 10 are provided. Each roll-in 10 is made in the form of slanting bars that rest on the copy wheels (not shown). In the lower part of the frame 1, a pallet 11 is installed, which fixes the blades 5 with the fruits. The upper part of the frame 1 has a guide track 12 for fixing the blades 5 in a vertical plane.

The picker works as follows.

When moving along the melon field, the strips of the roll-in 10 capture the fruits located on the surface of the field and direct them to the fruit-capturing device. In this case, the blades 5 capture the fruits and move them to the pallet 11. The interaction of the chain circuits with the blades 5 and jumpers 6 is similar to the capture of fruits by human hands.

The fruits captured by the blades 5 are moved along the pallet 11 and fed to the fruit receiving tray, from which they are captured by the loading conveyor and fed into the vehicles.

The use of a fruit-capturing device in the form of chain contours with blades located at the moment of capture in such a way that the lower shelf is parallel to the surface of the earth prevents injury to the fruit and significantly increases the pick-up capacity.

Claims (3)

1. A picker of gourds, containing a frame, a loading conveyor and a fruit-picking device made in the form of a pair of chain conveyors inclined to the horizon with fixed working bodies and having a fruit guide mounted on the front, characterized in that each working body has an L-shaped frame with inclined each other with shelves, with an angle between them equal to 65 ÷ 75 °, while the conveyor shafts are installed at an angle of 65 ÷ 75 ° to the horizontal, and the lower shelf of the L-shaped frame in front of the fruit-capturing the structure is located parallel to the surface of the field, and between the said shelves of the frame are fixed arcuate elastomeric jumpers. 2. The sorter according to claim 1, characterized in that the fruit-capturing device is mounted on a frame equipped with a pallet and a support plethora roller, the working bodies of the chain inclined conveyors in the lower part are interfaced with the pallet, and in the upper part of the working bodies are placed in guides. 3. The sorter according to claim 1, characterized in that in the rear part of the fruit picking device, a fruit receiving tray is coupled to the loading conveyor.

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