RU2462593C1 - Method of development of thick steep coal bed in straps downstream - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method of development of thick steep coal bed in straps downstream includes preparation of extraction pillar by driving of conveyor and ventilation gates, preparation of extraction line by driving flank and near chutes along dip line near layer soil from conveyor to ventilation gate along both sides of line, driving of mounting chamber near ventilation gate, support pillar being left, mounting of expandable back-connected overlap of support in it, coal layer mining in mining face by development machine with actuating element designed as horizontal directed drum with cutters, forced transportation of coal along face by self-propelling car and ventilation of cleaning face due to mine ventilating pressure drop. Soil of each layer is tapered not exceeding slope angle allowed for development machine and self-propelling car, coal is transported along mining face by self-propelling car to flank chute when slope of extracted layer is towards near chute, or to near coal chute when slope of extracted layer is towards flank chute. Change in direction of layer slope is performed when self-propelling car and development machine are changed over and turned in chamber, which is driven outside mining line and used again during extraction of neighbouring mining line with balanced orientation of extracted layers.

EFFECT: invention allows increasing efficiency and safety of extraction.

6 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to mining, in particular to the development of powerful steep coal seams with long columns along strike, taken out by strips along the dip.

An analogue of this method is the development of steeply inclined coal seams in a shield system, in which a mining column is prepared by conducting ventilation and transport drifts, a mining strip is prepared by running, ventilation and transport furnaces, and a mounting chamber. A sectional shield is mounted in the mounting chamber and then cleaning operations are carried out under the shield using drilling and blasting operations and mechanization means for delivering broken coal along the face to the coal-blasting furnace [1]. The disadvantage of this method is the use of drilling and blasting operations, which in themselves are dangerous for humans and affect the massif, causing the collapse and clogging of coal-blast furnaces and wells, i.e. - breakdown accident rate.

The prototype adopted a method of mechanized development of a steep coal seam in a shield system, including preparing a dredging column by conducting drifts, preparing a dredging strip by drawing slopes along the dip line from the conveyor to the ventilation drift on both sides of the strip, holding the mounting chamber at the ventilation drift, leaving supporting pillars, installation on the supporting pillars of a sliding shield and a tunneling machine underneath it, drilling of coal-run wells, mining of coal with a tunneling comb layers in a descending order under the overlap, controlling the overlapping of the pillar of the pillar pillars as the treatment works are immersed, and the working face is aired due to mine depression [2]. The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- low productivity of the working face, limited by the productivity of the swept executive body of a roadheader;

- increased complexity of the organization of work in a layer of two roadheaders;

- increased dust content (double) of the working space of one of the working faces associated with the passage of the entire ventilation stream through it.

These disadvantages reduce the efficiency and safety of the method of developing powerful steep coal seams.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and safety of coal extraction from powerful steep seams through the use of high-performance mechanization tools both for breaking coal from the massif and for transporting it along the face, as well as by constructing a chamber outside the extraction strip and organizing a turn therein means of mechanization.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of developing a powerful steep coal seam with stripes in the dip, including preparing a excavation column by conducting conveyor and ventilation drifts, preparing a mining strip by conducting flank and near slopes along the fall line at the formation soil from the conveyor to the ventilation drift on both sides of the strip , installation of the mounting chamber at the ventilation drift with the support pillars remaining, installation of the sliding shield panel and tunneling on the support pillars a bane under it, coal excavation by a tunneling machine in descending order under the overlap, control of the overlap of the pillar of the pillars as the work is immersed, ventilation of the working face due to mine depression and drilling, coal mining is carried out with a front-end combine with an executive body made in the form horizontally oriented drum with cutters, coal transport along the face is carried out by a self-propelled wagon, the soil of each layer is given a slope of no more than an allowable angle and for the combine and the self-propelled carriage, coal transport along the face is carried out on the flank slope, when the layer to be pulled out toward the side of the ramp, or to the near carbon slope, when the layer to be pulled out to the side of the ramp, change the direction of the layer slope after changing the places of the self-propelled carriage and combine harvester and turning them in the chamber, which is carried out outside the excavation strip and reused when excavating an adjacent mining strip with a symmetrical orientation of the layers to be removed, remaining in Yedelev recessed strip pillars removed executive bodies sliding sections of the shield cap, and drilling is performed when the recess conveyor roadway safety pillar.

The invention is illustrated by diagrams. Figure 1 shows a diagram of the preparation and development of the excavation column strips in the fall; figure 2 - layout of equipment in the mounting layer (cross section); figure 3 is a diagram of the working position of the shield slab in the face (cross section); figure 4 is a diagram of the intermediate state of mining the excavation strip; figure 5 - diagram of the drilling of wells in the space of the excavation strip at the final stage; Fig.6 is a diagram of the construction of the reversal chamber outside the excavation strip.

The method can be implemented as follows. A long extraction column is prepared by carrying out conveyor 1 and ventilation 2 drifts. The excavation strip is outlined by conducting at the far boundary of the column (on the flank) a coal slope 3 at the formation soil and at the near border - a coal slope 4 in a similar manner. At the ventilation drift 2, a mounting chamber 5 is constructed with the support pillars 6 and 7 being left so that the depth of the front ditch 8 is greater than the height of the combine body. On the supporting pillars, sections of the shield sliding floor 9 [3], equipped with a swept cutting body 10, are mounted, and under them a front-end harvester 11, for example, of the JOY 17CM type, and a self-propelled carriage 12, for example B15K, are mounted.

Airing of the working face is carried out due to the mine depression according to the return flow pattern: drift 1, slope 3, face space, slope 4, ventilation drift 2.

In the initial position, sections 9 are installed in a line close to each other on the support pillars with the sliding part towards the formation soil and laterally between the roof and the soil. The extraction of coal is carried out in layers, starting from the near boundary of the extraction strip. In this case, the drivers of the combine and self-propelled car should always be located on the side of the formation soil. The shearer 11, not reaching the near boundary of the excavation strip, begins to cut into the soil of the front ditch and load the beaten coal into the self-propelled carriage 12. At the same time, the shearer gives the soil of the removable layer I a bias towards the near coal slope 4, but no more than an acceptable angle of inclination for used mechanization means - combine and self-propelled wagon. A self-propelled carriage 12, in turn, transports coal to a flank slope 3. In this case, the thickness of the layer to be removed is taken from the condition of preventing breakthrough of collapsed rocks into the working space, approximately equal to the height of the sections of the sliding shield.

After the extraction of the first (I) slightly inclined layer, the combine 11 and the self-propelled car 12 are returned to the place of the initial notch - the front ditch 8. Service personnel enter the working space of layer I and, being located under adjacent sections of the shield sliding overlap, successively destroys the supporting pillar by the executive bodies 10 6 and lowering the sections of the shield cover from the soil side of the formation; beaten coal remains on the soil of the layer. As a result, the sliding shield in the area of the spent slightly inclined layer I will occupy the working position (Fig. 3), in which the space under the ceiling will be well ventilated due to the mine depression and will increase the load on the bottom due to the gas factor.

After moving the overlap sections in the zone of the first layer (I), coal in the second layer (II), which will be slightly longer than the first, is likewise taken out. At the same time, the combine harvester not only takes out and loads beaten coal in this layer, but also loads beaten coal from pillar 6 of the first layer. After the combine and self-propelled car are returned to the front ditch, the maintenance personnel performs sequential (sectional) cutting of the pillar 7, lowering the overlap sections from the side of the formation roof, cutting the pillar 6 from the side of the formation soil and lowering the sections from this side. Then, in the same way, the described operations are performed in the third (III), fourth (IV) layers and so on. When there is limited space in the front ditch 8, which can accommodate only the combine 11 and the self-propelled car 12, the combine 11 cleans the soil of the current inclined layer to the near coal slope 4 and then carries out the excavation and registration of the reversal chamber outside the excavation strip. At the same time, the combine 11 takes out coal to a height slightly higher than the height of its body near the seam roof, extends beyond the excavation strip above the near coal slope 4 and, making a reciprocating motion with a fan, cuts a horizontal T-shaped chamber 13 in the coal mass and soil rocks of the seam The outcrops of the formation roof in the T-shaped chamber are fixed with anchor support 14, and the part of the chamber located in the soil of the formation is fixed with traditional frame support 15.

After the construction of the reversal chamber 13, the combine 11 and the self-propelled car 12 are deployed in it and swapped. Then the combine 11 and the car 12 idle distill over the soil of the spent layer, which from this moment will be the transport, to the flank slope 3, where they begin to excavate the next layer, tilting it towards the flank slope 3, i.e. in the opposite direction. In this case, the transport of broken coal is carried out by a self-propelled carriage 12 along the soil of the transport layer to the near coal slope 4.

Next, the layers are removed in a similar way until there is a space in the transport layer that can accommodate only the combine 11 and the self-propelled car 12. Then the car 11 and the combine 12 are returned to the reversal chamber 13 in reverse, where they are again deployed and swapped. Then, the self-propelled carriage 11 and the combine 12 at the next transport excavation are returned to the limits of the excavation strip and the next cycle of excavation of the layers begins in the same way, but already with the transportation of the beaten-off coal to the flank ramp 3.

When the next transport output is reduced to a minimum size, a pivoting chamber 16 is formed outside the extraction strip, etc.

At the final stage of the excavation of the strip between the sections of the overlap 9 and the conveyor drift 1, the safety pillar 17 is left, the combine 11 and the self-propelled car 12 are led out onto one of the carbon ramps onto the conveyor drift. The remaining safety pillar 17 is removed by the executive bodies 10 sections of the shield sliding floor 9. The coal beaten off while drilling 18, drilled from the conveyor drift in the alignment with each overlap section 9, flows to conveyor drift 1 by gravity 1. After the pillar 17 is removed from the overlap section 9 in turn starting from the flank, output to the conveyor drift 1.

The space of the spent strip is isolated with jumpers, leaving the possibility of using all reversal chambers for the same purposes when excavating the adjacent cutting strip, in which the directions for working out the layers and their inclination are taken symmetrically with respect to the spent cutting strip.

The features of the method, distinguishing it from the prototype and analogues, are:

- due to the organization of the excavation of layers with an inclination in different directions, not only is the operation of cutting a combine harvester into the next layer much simpler and easier, but it also becomes possible to form a reusable reversal chamber outside the extraction strip, which greatly simplifies the organization of work on excavating the layers;

- due to the extraction of the bulk of the coal with a high-performance front-facing combine, it is possible to increase the productivity of the face many times, and the installation of overlapping sections of coal bedding not only improves ventilation, but also increases the load on the face by the gas factor;

- modern front-end combines are equipped with dust extraction systems directly in the working face, which significantly improves the condition of the mine atmosphere in the treatment area, and the turn of the combine and the self-propelled car in the reversal chamber improves the safety of work, because the drivers of these means of mechanization are protected by sections of the shield sliding floors.

Currently, in the development of powerful steep coal seams, a shield development system is almost not used. In previous years, the load on the face was often 1000 or more tons / day using unsafe explosive technology. The proposed method allows to mechanize the basic operations of the technological cycle, to increase not only the safety of mining operations, but also the efficiency (load up to 5000 or more tons / day) of developing steep coal seams. This indicates the achievement of the purpose of the invention.

Information sources

1. The technology of shield mining of coal deposits. / Kurlenya M.V., Zvorygin L.V., Lebedev A.V. - Novosibirsk: Science, Sib. Department, 1988, p.27, fig. 1.11 (analogue).

2. A way to develop a powerful steep coal seam. / RF patent No. 2134785, publ. 08/20/1999, bull. No. 23 (prototype).

3. Board sliding floor. / RF patent №2134790, publ. 08/20/1999, bull. Number 23.

Claims (1)

A method for developing a powerful steep coal seam in strips along the fall, including preparing a excavation column by carrying out conveyor and ventilation drifts, preparing a excavation strip by conducting flank and near slopes along the fall line at the formation soil from a conveyor to a ventilation drift on both sides of the strip, holding an installation chamber near the ventilation drift with the support pillars being left, mounting on the supporting pillars of a sliding shield covering and a roadheader below it, coal excavation with a tunneling to layers in descending order under the overlap, controlling the overlapping of the pillar of the pillars as the sinking operations and airing the face due to the mine depression, characterized in that the coal is mined with a front-end harvester with an actuator made in the form of a horizontally oriented drum with cutters, coal transport along the face is carried out by a self-propelled wagon, the soil of each layer is given a slope of not more than the allowable angle of inclination for the combine and self-propelled wagon, coal transport along the face is carried out on the flank slope, when the take-out layer is sloping towards the near slope, or on the near coal slope, when the take-out layer is sloping towards the flank slope, the layer slope is changed after changing the positions of the self-propelled wagon and the combine and turning them into the chamber, which is carried out outside the excavation strip and reused when excavating an adjacent excavation strip with a symmetrical orientation of the layers to be removed, remaining within the excavation strip of the pillar of the strip Executive bodies of sections of sliding shield overlap are pushed, and wells are drilled in alignment with each section from a conveyor drift when a safety pillar is excavated.

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