CN114961728B - Method for mining area without coal pillars for comprehensively preventing and controlling rock burst and gas - Google Patents
Method for mining area without coal pillars for comprehensively preventing and controlling rock burst and gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN114961728B CN114961728B CN202210694884.XA CN202210694884A CN114961728B CN 114961728 B CN114961728 B CN 114961728B CN 202210694884 A CN202210694884 A CN 202210694884A CN 114961728 B CN114961728 B CN 114961728B
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 181
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010017740 Gas poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mining area coal pillar-free mining method for comprehensively preventing and controlling rock burst and gas. Pre-splitting a coal body before mining, pre-pumping gas and preventing rock burst by utilizing a pre-mining area arranged in a coal seam for coal transportation and uphill construction pre-splitting pumping bedding hole; meanwhile, the rail ascending is arranged in a rock stratum of a coal seam bottom plate, the comb-shaped drill holes are used for full-stage gas extraction, and the comb-shaped drill holes are used for returning air ascending in a rear mining area, so that the requirement of special returning air ascending can be met without influencing the recovery of the ascending coal pillars in the front mining area. The invention can realize the comprehensive control of rock burst and gas, and can greatly improve the control effect of gas and the recovery rate of coal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock burst and gas prevention and control in coal mining, in particular to a mining area coal pillar-free mining method for comprehensively preventing and controlling the rock burst and the gas.
Background
Rock burst refers to the dynamic phenomenon of sudden and violent destruction of coal and rock masses around a roadway or a working face due to the instantaneous release of elastic deformation energy, often accompanied by coal and rock mass throwing, loud sound and air waves, and is one of the major disasters of coal mines. Meanwhile, gas is usually present in the coal seam, and coal and gas outburst is easily generated when rock burst and gas coexist, so that the rock burst and the gas need to be prevented and controlled during coal seam mining, and the aim is to reduce the gas outburst (impact) caused by the gas on one hand and reduce the harm of the gas to mine ventilation, such as gas poisoning and gas explosion on the other hand. In the prior art, the prevention and control of rock burst are mostly pre-splitting pressure relief, and the technology is mature; to the gas prevention and cure problem, the Y type ventilation mode of commonly using improves the gas emission effect, and it sets up dedicated return air at the mining area border and goes up the mountain, changes the U type ventilation mode of traditional one time of advancing into the Y type ventilation mode of two one-in-one-out, has improved the gas emission effect greatly, but this kind of ventilation mode is owing to set up a dedicated return air more and goes up the mountain, consequently can improve the tunnelling work load in tunnel and increased the coal column simultaneously and reserve the volume of establishing, has wasted coal resource.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for mining area coal pillar-free mining by comprehensively preventing and controlling rock burst and gas, which can improve the gas control effect and the coal recovery rate and comprises the following steps:
a. tunneling the upper mountain of the track of the mining area and the upper mountain of the coal transporting of the mining area, wherein the upper mountain of the track of the mining area is positioned in the rock stratum at the lower part of the coal seam on the left side, and the upper mountain of the coal transporting of the mining area is positioned in the coal seam on the right side; excavating an air inlet gallery of the mining area and a coal transporting gallery of the mining area from the top of the coal transporting of the mining area to the left along the trend, and respectively communicating the air inlet gallery of the front mining area and the coal transporting gallery of the front mining area; the connection roadway of the horizontal roadway of the mining area is driven upwards from the track of the mining area and is respectively connected with the air inlet horizontal roadway of the mining area and the coal transporting horizontal roadway of the mining area;
b. taking the upward mountain of the track of the front mining area as the upward mountain of the return air of the mining area;
c. constructing pre-splitting extraction bedding drill holes in coal bodies from the coal transporting upward mountains to the left side and the right side of a front mining area, and performing coal body cracking pressure relief and gas pre-extraction;
d. constructing comb-shaped drilling holes from the upper mountain of the track of the front mining area to the right rock stratum;
e. taking a harvesting roadway of a front mining area as a cutting hole of the mining area;
f. adopting a gob-side entry retaining technology to carry out working face stoping, and adopting a Y-shaped ventilation mode to carry out ventilation on the working face of the mining area;
g. and in the stoping process of the working face of the mining area, the comb-shaped drill holes are used for continuously extracting gas.
Preferably, the strike longwall face is arranged only on the left side in the mining area, and mining is sequentially carried out from top to bottom.
Preferably, in the step b, a return air connecting roadway is tunneled from the upper mountain of the track of the front mining area to the upper return air roadway to form the upper mountain of the return air of the mining area.
Preferably, in the step d, the comb-shaped drill hole comprises a comb-shaped drill hole horizontal section located in the coal seam and a comb-shaped drill hole vertical section which vertically extends to the coal seam from the comb-shaped drill hole horizontal section at intervals, and the comb-shaped drill hole is used for gas pre-extraction.
Preferably, in the step d, the density of the comb drilling constructed below the O-shaped slit ring is greater than that of the comb drilling constructed at other positions, and/or the density of the vertical section of the comb drilling constructed below the O-shaped slit ring is greater than that of the comb drilling constructed at other positions.
Preferably, in the step f, air is fed from an air inlet gallery of the mining area and a coal transporting gallery of the mining area, and air is returned from the coal transporting gallery of the mining area along the gob-side entry retaining section.
Has the advantages that: 1. according to the invention, the longwall working face is arranged on the left side of the mining area, the coal pillars on the upper mountain of the mining area of the front mining area are directly arranged in the working face of the rear mining area, and the gob-side entry retaining is adopted, so that the non-coal pillar mining of the whole mining area is realized, and the rock burst caused by stress concentration formed by the retained coal pillars is avoided.
2. The method comprises the steps of constructing pre-splitting extraction bedding drill holes by utilizing a coal conveying upward construction arranged in a coal seam in a front mining area, and performing coal body pre-splitting, gas pre-extraction and rock burst prevention before mining; meanwhile, the rail is arranged in the rock stratum of the coal seam bottom plate, and the comb-shaped drilling holes are used for full-stage gas extraction (before mining, during mining and after mining), so that the danger of rock burst, gas explosion and poisoning of the working face can be solved, and the danger of gas explosion and fire hazard of a goaf can be solved.
3. The invention can realize the comprehensive control of rock burst and gas, and can greatly improve the control effect of gas and the recovery rate of coal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of a stope pillar-free mining method for the comprehensive control of rock burst and gas in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of stoping of a coal pillar-free mining method for a mining area for comprehensive control of rock burst and gas in the invention;
in the figure: the method comprises the following steps of (1) a main transportation roadway 1, a main return air roadway 2, a return air connection roadway 3, a pre-splitting extraction bedding borehole 4, a comb borehole 5, a comb borehole horizontal section 51 and a comb borehole vertical section 52;
the method comprises the following steps of (1) ascending F1 on a track of a front mining area, ascending F2 on coal conveying of the front mining area, a connecting roadway F3 of a drift of the front mining area, an air inlet drift F4 of the front mining area, a coal conveying drift F5 of the front mining area, a working roadway F6 of the front mining area and a goaf F7 of the front mining area;
the method comprises the following steps of ascending the mountain B1 on the track of the mining area, ascending the coal transporting roadway B2 of the mining area, connecting roadway B3 of the roadway of the mining area, air inlet roadway B4 of the mining area, coal transporting roadway B5 of the mining area, cutting hole B6 of the mining area, working surface B7 of the mining area, goaf B8 of the mining area and gob-side entry retaining section B9 of the coal transporting roadway of the mining area.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a method for mining without pillars in a mining area for comprehensive control of rock burst and gas comprises the following steps:
a. upwards digging a track upper mountain B1 entering and exiting the mining area and a coal transporting upper mountain B2 of the mining area from a large transportation roadway 1 along a trend, wherein the track upper mountain B1 of the mining area is positioned in stable sandstone of about 15m at the left part of the lower part of a coal bed, the coal transporting upper mountain B2 of the mining area is positioned in the coal bed at the right part, and the horizontal distance between the two is 30m; the utilization rate of the track ascending is high, the track ascending is used for bearing the work of drainage, waste rock discharge, material transportation and the like, the track ascending is arranged in a rock stratum, the maintenance is facilitated, the transport ascending is mainly used for bearing the coal transportation work, the influence of other production processes is small, namely, a roadway is small in disturbance and can be arranged in a coal seam, the construction progress is improved, and the mining area can be favorably and quickly enter a production stage;
the coal conveying upper mountain B2 of the mining area is excavated towards the left to enter and exit the air inlet gallery B4 of the mining area and the coal conveying gallery B5 of the mining area, and the air inlet gallery F4 of the front mining area and the coal conveying gallery F5 of the front mining area are respectively communicated to form a working surface B7 of the mining area, the air inlet gallery B4 of the mining area is positioned on the upper side of the inclination and is close to the air return upper mountain 2, and the air inlet gallery B4 of the mining area and the coal conveying gallery B5 of the mining area are both arranged in a coal bed; 4 working faces are designed in the mining area in the same way, the width of each working face is about 200m, and the propelling length is about 1000m;
a roadway connection roadway B3 of the mining area is excavated from the upper left part of the upper mountain B1 of the track of the mining area to connect an air inlet roadway B4 of the mining area and a coal transporting roadway B5 of the mining area;
b. the front mining area on the left side and the main mining area on the right side adopt the same roadway arrangement, gas extraction and coal body extraction modes; upwards tunneling a return air connecting roadway 3 to a return air main roadway 2 from the upper end part of the track ascending F1 of the front mining area to form return air ascending of the mining area;
c. constructing pre-splitting extraction bedding drill holes 4 from a coal transporting upward mountain F2 of a front mining area to coal bodies on the left side and the right side, firstly carrying out fracturing on the coal bodies to be stoped through the pre-splitting extraction bedding drill holes 4 to form a gas migration channel, simultaneously carrying out pressure relief after the coal bodies are fractured to have a prevention and control effect on impact ground, and then carrying out gas pre-extraction by using the pre-splitting extraction bedding drill holes 4 (only the pre-splitting extraction bedding drill holes 4 are indicated in a second working face of the mining area in figures 1-2), wherein the extracted gas is transported from an air returning upward mountain of the mining area to the ground through a gas extraction pipeline;
bedding drilling is a well-known gas drilling construction mode in the field, wherein the whole drilling is arranged in a coal seam, drilling is carried out along the coal seam, a gas migration channel is formed by fracturing a coal body after the drilling construction is finished, and then gas extraction is carried out; the long drilling hole is adopted to construct along the working face, so that the moving times of the drilling machine can be reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved; the construction quantity, the spacing and the pre-splitting pressure of bedding drill holes can be comprehensively determined according to the gas endowment quantity, the gas adsorption strength, the gas extraction radius and the like;
d. constructing a comb-shaped drilling hole 5 from the upward F1 of a track of a front mining area to the right, wherein the comb-shaped drilling hole 5 comprises a comb-shaped drilling hole horizontal section 51 positioned in a rock layer and a comb-shaped drilling hole vertical section 52 vertically extending upwards to the coal layer at intervals from the comb-shaped drilling hole horizontal section 51, gas pre-extraction is carried out by utilizing the comb-shaped drilling hole (the comb-shaped drilling hole 5 is only indicated in a third working face in the figure 1-2), and extracted gas is transported from the return air upward of the mining area to the ground through a gas extraction pipeline; when the comb-shaped drilling hole is constructed, the horizontal section can be constructed in parallel to a coal seam; the construction density of the comb-shaped drilling hole 5 below the O-shaped slit ring is higher than that of other positions, and/or the construction density of the comb-shaped drilling hole vertical section 52 below the O-shaped slit ring is higher than that of other positions.
The comb-shaped drilling hole is a gas extraction drilling hole arrangement form emerging in recent years, and is a special form of directional drilling hole, and as the disturbance on the hole wall of the drilling hole at the turning position is large during the construction of the directional drilling hole, the hole is easy to collapse, the comb-shaped drilling hole, particularly a horizontal section (a main hole section) of the comb-shaped drilling hole needs to be constructed in a stable rock stratum, while the invention comprehensively considers the maintenance requirement of going up the mountain, the construction requirement of the gas extraction drilling hole and an extraction process, and carries out the selection and collocation of construction positions;
bedding drilling is a common drilling arrangement mode for gas extraction, and has the advantages of high construction speed, high efficiency and good early treatment effect; however, the existing adsorbability of gas in a coal seam in China is strong, the gas is influenced by the construction quality of the drill hole, the gas pre-extraction amount of the front-stage bedding drill hole is limited, when a working face is exploited, a coal body is greatly disturbed by exploitation, a large number of cracks develop and are communicated, so that a large amount of gas is gushed, and the bedding drill hole is difficult to play a role in the working face recovery process.
e. The left side of the mining area is only provided with a strike long wall working face, and mining is carried out sequentially from top to bottom; performing gob-side entry retaining (inclined along a goaf F7 of the front mining area) at a receiving position of the front mining area, reserving a receiving entry F6 of the front mining area as a cutting hole B6 of a next mining area, namely the current mining area, and directly moving coal mining equipment (such as a coal mining machine, a hydraulic support, a scraper conveying and receiving machine, a crusher, a reversed loader and the like) positioned in the last (namely the lowest) working face of the front mining area into the cutting hole of the first (namely the uppermost) working face of the current mining area through the receiving entry F6 of the front mining area;
f. stoping the working face B7 of the mining area by adopting a gob-side entry retaining technology (along the trend of the goaf B8 of the mining area), namely using a coal-conveying gallery of the previous working face as an air inlet gallery of the next working face; meanwhile, ventilation of a working face B7 of the mining area is carried out in a Y-shaped ventilation mode, namely air is fed from an air inlet gallery B4 of the mining area and a coal transporting gallery B5 of the mining area, and air is returned from a gob-side entry retaining section B9 of the coal transporting gallery of the mining area;
wherein, the coal transportation line specifically is: from the coal mining position, passing through a coal transporting roadway B5 of the mining area, a coal transporting uphill B2 of the mining area and a large transporting roadway 1; the pedestrian line reaches the coal mining position through a main transportation roadway 1, a track climbing B1 of the mining area, a gallery connecting roadway B3 of the mining area and an air inlet gallery B4 of the mining area.
The ventilation circuit specifically is: fresh air enters a coal mining position through a main transportation roadway 1, a track climbing roadway B1 of the mining area, a roadway connection roadway B3 of the mining area, an air inlet roadway B4 of the mining area and a coal transporting roadway B5 of the mining area to become ventilation air, and then the ventilation air is discharged through a gob-side entry retaining section B9 of the coal transporting roadway of the mining area, a roadway connection roadway F3 of the front mining area, a return air climbing (comprising the track climbing roadway F1 of the front mining area and the return air connection roadway 3) of the mining area and a return air main roadway 2; meanwhile, an air door is arranged in the roadway to guide an air flow line.
Through the arrangement of the mining areas and the working faces in the mining areas in the steps a-b and f, the coal pillar-free mining of the whole mining area can be realized, namely, the coal pillars on the mountains of the mining area and the section coal pillars between the working faces in the prior art are cancelled, the coal pillar-free mining of the whole mining area is realized, and the phenomenon that the reserved coal pillars form stress concentration and further rock burst is generated is avoided.
g. In the stoping process of the working face B7 of the mining area, the comb-shaped drill holes 5 are used for continuously extracting gas, so that not only can the coal body to be mined be pre-extracted, but also the gas in the goaf can be extracted, and the fire is effectively prevented and extinguished; and the extracted gas is transported to the ground from the return air uphill of the mining area through a gas extraction pipeline.
Claims (5)
1. A stope pillar-free mining method for comprehensively preventing rock burst and gas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. tunneling the upper mountain of the track of the mining area and the upper mountain of the coal transporting of the mining area, wherein the upper mountain of the track of the mining area is positioned in the rock stratum at the lower part of the coal seam on the left side, and the upper mountain of the coal transporting of the mining area is positioned in the coal seam on the right side; excavating an air inlet gallery of the mining area and a coal transporting gallery of the mining area from the coal transporting uphill to the left along the trend of the mining area, and respectively communicating the air inlet gallery of the front mining area and the coal transporting gallery of the front mining area; the connection roadway of the horizontal roadway of the mining area is driven upwards from the track of the mining area and is respectively connected with the air inlet horizontal roadway of the mining area and the coal transporting horizontal roadway of the mining area;
b. taking the upward mountain of the track of the front mining area as the upward mountain of the return air of the mining area;
c. constructing pre-splitting extraction bedding drill holes in coal bodies from the upward mountains of the coal transported in the front mining area to the left side and the right side, and performing coal body fracturing pressure relief and gas pre-extraction;
d. constructing comb-shaped drilling holes from the upper mountain of the track of the front mining area to the right rock stratum;
e. taking a harvesting roadway of a front mining area as a cutting hole of the mining area;
f. adopting a gob-side entry retaining technology to carry out working face stoping, and adopting a Y-shaped ventilation mode to carry out ventilation on the working face of the mining area;
g. in the stoping process of the working face of the mining area, the comb-shaped drill holes are used for continuously extracting gas.
2. The stope pillar-free mining method according to claim 1, wherein only the left side in the stope is provided with a strike longwall face, and mining is performed sequentially from top to bottom.
3. The mining method without the coal pillars in the mining area according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step b, a return air connecting roadway is tunneled from the upper mountain of the track of the front mining area to the upper return air main roadway to form the upper return air mountain of the mining area.
4. The mining area coal pillar-free mining method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step d, the comb-shaped drill hole comprises a comb-shaped drill hole horizontal section located in the rock stratum and a comb-shaped drill hole vertical section vertically extending upwards to the coal stratum at intervals from the comb-shaped drill hole horizontal section, and the comb-shaped drill hole is used for gas pre-extraction.
5. The mining method without coal pillars in the mining area according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step f, the Y-shaped ventilation mode is air intake from an air intake gallery of the mining area and a coal transporting gallery of the mining area, and air return is performed from the coal transporting gallery of the mining area along the gob-side entry retaining section.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210694884.XA CN114961728B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Method for mining area without coal pillars for comprehensively preventing and controlling rock burst and gas |
| ZA2023/04365A ZA202304365B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2023-04-12 | Mining method without coal pillar in mining area for comprehensive prevention and control of rock burst and gas |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210694884.XA CN114961728B (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Method for mining area without coal pillars for comprehensively preventing and controlling rock burst and gas |
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| CN114961728A CN114961728A (en) | 2022-08-30 |
| CN114961728B true CN114961728B (en) | 2022-12-13 |
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| CN116971817B (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-12-12 | 太原理工大学 | High-gas working face ventilation method for alternately entering and returning air in gallery |
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| CN107725097A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-23 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method is controlled altogether without coal pillar mining gas and coal spontaneous combustion in a kind of Qie Dingcheng lanes |
| CN107725053A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-23 | 山东科技大学 | Lane is reserved for one's own use without pillar mining method suitable for the exploiting field of gently inclined seam |
| CN109798116A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-05-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Realize double-vane arrangement working face exploiting field or zone entirely without coal column method |
| CN111255456A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Mine advancing type filling roadway mining method |
| CN114592866A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-06-07 | 太原理工大学 | Residual coal resource mining area full mining method with paste partially filled |
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|---|---|
| ZA202304365B (en) | 2023-11-29 |
| CN114961728A (en) | 2022-08-30 |
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