CN113236252B - Long-distance drilling and grouting method for overlying strata with single-entry and non-pillar segmental caving method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a long-distance drilling grouting method for a single-access bottom-column-free sublevel caving method coverage rock, which aims at the grouting problems of closed area, long distance and position change of the bottom-column-free sublevel caving method coverage rock. The branch vein of the metal deposit adopts a single-route sublevel caving method without a bottom pillar, and the grouting method is more applicable.

Description

Long-distance drilling and grouting method for overlying strata with single-entry and non-pillar segmental caving method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of caving mining methods in underground mines, and in particular relates to a long-distance drilling and grouting method for covering rock formations with a single-entry path and no bottom pillar sub-section caving method.

Background technique

Pillarless segmental caving method has the advantages of simple process structure, high mining intensity, high efficiency, high degree of mechanization, safety, and low mining cost, and has been widely used in the world.

The standard non-pillar segmental caving method is to divide the ore body into several stages, and then divide the stages into several segments with mining roadways, and carry out mining segment by segment from top to bottom. Sectional rock drilling, ore-breaking and ore-extracting work are all carried out in the mining roadway from the end of the mining roadway to the direction of the entry end of the mining roadway, and a smaller ore-breaking step is mined at a time. The ore-breaking step is generally 1.5m-2m.

The caving ore is drawn under the overlying rock stratum. Due to the direct contact between the ore and the rock, the ore will be mixed into the rock while releasing the ore, resulting in a large loss of ore dilution. The problem of large ore loss and dilution in mining under the overburden rock formation has not been well resolved, and it is a major problem that plagues the mining industry.

There are cover rocks and waste rocks mixed in from the front, top and side of the cover rock formation. A lot of practice shows that the front cover rocks and waste rocks are mixed the most. As long as the front waste rocks can be prevented from mixing, the loss of ore will be greatly reduced. If grout is injected into the cover rock, the cover rock is glued together, and the ore is drawn under the grouted cover rock layer, which can effectively reduce the frontal mixing of waste rocks and effectively prevent the mixing of waste rocks.

During the production process of the non-pillar segmental caving method, the overburden rock above the back-mined ore body must be grouted, and the upper segment can only be grouted for the lower segmental overburden rock. Due to the safety requirements of the non-pillar segmental caving method , the upper segment mining must be more than 20m ahead of the lower segment, or mining layer by layer, the grouting position has been covered by overburden rock, and people cannot enter the grouting position, and because of the non-pillar segmental caving method, only one smaller one is mined at a time. The step distance of the ore collapse, with the mining of each step distance of the mine collapse, the position where the grouting needs to be changed every time. Therefore, the overburden grouting of the segmental caving method without pillars is a closed area of overburden rock, long-distance, and position changes The grouting problem is a big problem.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the problems existing in the overburden grouting of the above-mentioned segmental caving method without bottom pillars, and proposes a method for long-distance drilling and grouting of the overburden rock strata with the subsection caving method without bottom pillars, so that ore mining can be carried out in the overburden with glue The ore is drawn under the rock, effectively reducing the loss and dilution of the ore.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

The method for long-distance drilling and grouting of overlying rock formations by the sub-section caving method of the single approach of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

Step 1. Arrange drilling and grouting channels

In the uppermost section of the connecting road of the non-pillar subsection caving method, the geological horizontal directional drilling machine is used to drill the grouting drilling channels in the two side walls of the uppermost section of the recovery roadway. After the drilling construction is completed, the injection The orifice end of the grout drilling channel is inserted into a connecting pipe, one end of the connecting pipe is sealed and connected to the orifice end of the grouting drilling channel, and the other end is connected to the grouting equipment, and the grouting equipment is arranged in the uppermost section In the connecting road, and then carry out the retreating mining work of the uppermost segmented mining roadway from the end to the entrance end;

Step 2. Carry out cover rock grouting work

When the second segment is mined, the retreating mining is also carried out from the end of the mining roadway in the second segment to the direction of the entry end, and the ore drawing of one ore-breaking step is completed, and the overburden falls to the end of the working face. The grouting equipment in the segmented connecting road passes through the grouting drilling channel to fill the overburden rock at the end of the working face of the second segmented recovery roadway until the grout flows out of the working face, and then inject water for 1-2 minutes to clean and inject With the recovery of each ore-breaking step, the grouting position is automatically adjusted to the position required for grouting, and then the next ore-breaking step is recovered, then grouted, and then recovered until the second After the subsection mining roadway is completed, the grouting work of the overburden rock is completed. The following subsections do not need to be grouted again, and the ore is mined by the traditional subsection caving method without bottom pillars.

Preferably, the hole diameter of the grouting drilling channel is 60mm-150mm, its horizontal position B is 0.3m-0.5m away from the side wall of the uppermost subsection mining roadway, and the height position H is:

H=(0.5-0.7)T

In the formula: H is the distance from the grouting drilling channel to the bottom of the uppermost segmental mining roadway; T is the distance from the bottom hole of the fan-shaped medium-deep hole to the bottom of the uppermost segmental mining roadway.

Preferably, the grouting equipment adopts a water pump or a grouting machine.

Preferably, the grouting is solid sodium silicate grouting material, which needs to be dissolved in water to form a grouting solution before grouting. The ratio of solid sodium silicate to water is 1: (5-20), and the grouting amount at one The ratio of the rock volume to be grouted to be covered is 1: (5-20).

The advantages of the present invention are: since the present invention directly drills the grouting holes on both sides of the mining roadway, the grouting position is automatically adjusted to the position required for grouting with the recovery of each ore collapse step, and the operation is simple and the construction speed is fast. It is safe and reliable, and it is suitable for the segmental caving method without pillars with single access and straight mining roadway.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section along the strike of the grouting drilling channel arranged by the sub-level caving method with no bottom pillar in a single approach.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of grouting holes arranged on both sides of the uppermost segmental mining roadway.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described,

As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the method for long-distance drilling and grouting of the overlying rock stratum by the subsection caving method of the single approach without bottom pillar of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

Step 1. Arrange drilling and grouting channels

In the connection road 9 of the uppermost segment of the segmental caving method without pillars, the geological horizontal directional drilling machine is used to drill the grouting drilling channel 2 in the two side walls of the uppermost segmental mining roadway 1 full length, and the drilling construction is completed. Finally, insert the connecting pipe 3 at the orifice end of the grouting drilling channel 2, one end of the connecting pipe 3 is sealed and connected with the orifice end of the grouting drilling channel 2, and the other end is connected with the grouting equipment 4, and the The grouting equipment 4 adopts a water pump or a grouting machine; the grouting equipment 4 is arranged in the connecting road 9 of the uppermost section, and then carries out the retreating mining work of the uppermost section mining roadway 1 from the end to the entrance end direction;

Step 2. Carry out cover rock grouting work

When back mining the second subsection, also carry out retreating type back mining from the end of the second subsection mining roadway 5 to the direction of the entry end, and the ore drawing of one ore-breaking step is completed, and the overburden 6 falls to the end of the working face. Utilize the grouting equipment 4 in the connecting road 9 of the uppermost section to pass through the grouting drilling channel 2 to grout the overburden 6 at the end of the working face of the second subsection mining roadway 5, and the grouting is solid silicic acid Sodium grouting material needs to be dissolved in water to form a grouting solution before grouting. The ratio of solid sodium silicate to water is 1: (5-20), and the ratio of one-time grouting volume to the volume of overburden rock to be grouted is 1: (5-20);

Until the grout flows out of the working face, inject water for 1-2 minutes to clean the grouting drilling channel 2. With the recovery of each ore-breaking step, the grouting position is automatically adjusted to the position required for grouting, and then the next ore-collapsing is carried out Mining at step intervals, re-grouting, and then mining until the mining of the second section of the mining roadway 5 is completed, that is, the grouting of the overburden rock is completed. The following sections do not need to be grouted again, and traditional sub-column caving is adopted. Law back to mining ore.

The grouting drilling channel 2 has an aperture of 60-150mm, its horizontal position B is 0.3-0.5m away from the side wall surface of the uppermost segmented mining roadway 1, and its height position H is:

H=(0.5-0.7)T

In the formula: H is the distance between the grouting drilling passage 2 and the bottom of the uppermost segmental mining roadway 1; T is the distance from the fan-shaped medium-deep hole bottom hole 7 to the bottom of the uppermost segmental mining roadway 1.

Among the figure, 10 is a fan-shaped medium-deep hole, 8 is the grouted overburden rock after grouting, 11 is the wing-shaped ore body left on both sides of the mining roadway after mining, and 12 is the ore body to be mined.

Adopting the method of long-distance drilling and grouting in the covering rock layer by the single-entry, non-bottom-pillar segmental caving method of the present invention, the cost of grouting is low, and the ore mining can be carried out under the grouting covering rock, which can effectively prevent the ore drawing process. The mixing of waste rocks in the front is not only easy to operate, fast in construction speed, but also safe and reliable. It realizes the purpose of grouting for long-distance and position-changing overburden rocks in the segmental caving method without pillars, thereby improving the ore recovery effect of the caving method. , Effectively reduce ore loss and dilution.

Claims (3)

1. A method for long-distance drilling and grouting of the overlying stratum by the segmental caving method with no bottom pillar in a single approach, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step 1. Arrange drilling and grouting channels In the uppermost section of the connecting road of the non-pillar subsection caving method, the geological horizontal directional drilling machine is used to drill the grouting drilling channels in the two side walls of the uppermost section of the recovery roadway. After the drilling construction is completed, the injection The orifice end of the grout drilling channel is inserted into a connecting pipe, one end of the connecting pipe is sealed and connected to the orifice end of the grouting drilling channel, and the other end is connected to the grouting equipment, and the grouting equipment is arranged in the uppermost section In the connecting road, and then carry out the retreating mining work of the uppermost segmented mining roadway from the end to the entrance end; The aperture of the grouting drilling passage is 60mm-150mm, its horizontal position B is 0.3m-0.5m away from the side wall of the uppermost subsection mining roadway, and the height position H is: H=(0.5-0.7)T In the formula: H is the distance between the grouting drilling channel and the bottom of the uppermost segmental mining roadway; T is the distance from the bottom hole of the fan-shaped medium-deep hole to the bottom of the uppermost segmental mining roadway; Step 2. Carry out cover rock grouting work When the second segment is mined, the retreating mining is also carried out from the end of the mining roadway in the second segment to the direction of the entry end, and the ore drawing of one ore-breaking step is completed, and the overburden falls to the end of the working face. The grouting equipment in the segmented connecting road passes through the grouting drilling channel to fill the overburden rock at the end of the working face of the second segmented recovery roadway until the grout flows out of the working face, and then inject water for 1-2 minutes to clean and inject With the recovery of each ore-breaking step, the grouting position is automatically adjusted to the position required for grouting, and then the next ore-breaking step is recovered, then grouted, and then recovered until the second After the subsection mining roadway is completed, the grouting work of the overburden rock is completed. The following subsections do not need to be grouted again, and the ore is mined by the traditional subsection caving method without bottom pillars. 2 . The method for long-distance drilling and grouting of overlying strata by the single-entry non-bottom-pillar segmental caving method according to claim 1, wherein the grouting equipment adopts a water pump or a grouting machine. 3. the method for long-distance drilling and grouting of the overlying rock strata by the subsection caving method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the grouting is a solid sodium silicate grouting material, and the grouting needs to be done before the grouting. It is dissolved in water to form a grouting solution, the ratio of solid sodium silicate to water is 1: (5-20), and the ratio of one-time grouting volume to the volume of overburden rock to be grouted is 1: (5-20).

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