CN113236252B - Single-route bottomless column sublevel caving method cover stratum long-distance drilling grouting method - Google Patents
Single-route bottomless column sublevel caving method cover stratum long-distance drilling grouting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113236252B CN113236252B CN202110588306.3A CN202110588306A CN113236252B CN 113236252 B CN113236252 B CN 113236252B CN 202110588306 A CN202110588306 A CN 202110588306A CN 113236252 B CN113236252 B CN 113236252B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
Abstract
The invention relates to a long-distance drilling grouting method for a single-access bottom-column-free sublevel caving method coverage rock, which aims at the grouting problems of closed area, long distance and position change of the bottom-column-free sublevel caving method coverage rock. The branch vein of the metal deposit adopts a single-route sublevel caving method without a bottom pillar, and the grouting method is more applicable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground mine caving mining methods, and particularly relates to a single-access non-bottom-column sublevel caving method covering stratum long-distance drilling grouting method.
Background
The sublevel caving method without the bottom column has the advantages of simple process structure, high mining strength, high efficiency, high mechanization degree, safety, low mining cost and the like, and is widely applied worldwide.
The standard sublevel caving method without bottom pillars is to divide ore bodies into a plurality of stages, divide the stages into a plurality of segments by stoping roadways, and perform stoping from top to bottom one by one. The sectional rock drilling, ore caving, ore drawing and other works are back-type stoping from the tail end of the stoping tunnel to the inlet end of the stoping tunnel in the stoping tunnel, and the stoping is carried out at a time by a small ore caving step distance which is generally 1.5m-2m.
The caving ore is put under the overburden, and the ore is put into rock while being put out due to direct contact between the ore and the rock, so that the loss and dilution of the ore are large. The problem of great loss and dilution of the ore in the ore deposit under the cover stratum is not solved well, and is a great difficulty puzzling the mining industry.
The cover rock waste rock of the front, top and side surfaces of the cover rock ore is mixed under the cover rock stratum, and a great deal of practice shows that: the front cover rock waste rock is mixed most, and the loss and dilution of the ore are greatly reduced as long as the front cover rock waste rock is prevented from being mixed. If grouting is carried out in the cover rock, the cover rock is glued, ore drawing is carried out under the grouting cover rock stratum, the front mixing of waste rocks can be effectively reduced, and the mixing of the waste rocks can be effectively prevented.
In the production process of the sublevel caving method without a bottom column, the covering rock on the stoping ore body is subjected to grouting, the covering rock can only be subjected to grouting for the lower sublevel by the upper sublevel, the sublevel caving method without the bottom column is required to perform grouting, the stoping of the upper sublevel is required to be performed in advance by more than 20m, or the stoping is performed layer by layer, the grouting position is covered by the covering rock, a person cannot enter the grouting position, and the sublevel caving method without the bottom column is required to perform stoping for only a small ore caving step at a time, and the grouting position required to perform grouting is changed every time along with the stoping of the ore caving step, so that the grouting of the covering rock by the sublevel caving method without the bottom column is a grouting problem of a covering rock sealing area, a long distance and a position change.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the coverage rock grouting of the non-bottom-column sublevel caving method, the invention provides a single-route non-bottom-column sublevel caving method coverage rock remote drilling grouting method, so that ore extraction is carried out under the glue-containing coverage rock, and the loss and dilution of ores are effectively reduced.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme.
The invention relates to a single-access bottomless column sublevel caving method cover stratum long-distance drilling grouting method which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
In a connecting channel of the uppermost section of the bottomless column section caving method, adopting a geological horizontal directional drilling machine, respectively drilling grouting drilling channels in two side walls of the full length of the uppermost section stoping roadway, after drilling construction is finished, inserting a connecting pipe at the orifice end of the grouting drilling channel, wherein one end of the connecting pipe is in sealing connection with the orifice end of the grouting drilling channel, the other end of the connecting pipe is connected with grouting equipment, the grouting equipment is arranged in the connecting channel of the uppermost section, and then carrying out rollback stoping operation of the uppermost section stoping roadway from the tail end to the inlet end;
When the second section is extracted, the back extraction is carried out from the tail end of the second section extraction roadway to the direction of the inlet end, the ore drawing of one ore caving step distance is finished, the cover rock falls to the end of the working face, grouting filling is carried out on the cover rock at the end of the working face of the second section extraction roadway through a grouting drilling channel by grouting equipment in the uppermost section communication channel until slurry flows out of the working face, water is injected for 1-2 minutes to clean the grouting drilling channel, along with the extraction of each ore caving step distance, the grouting position is automatically adjusted to the position where grouting is needed, the extraction of the next ore caving step distance is carried out, grouting is carried out again, and extraction is carried out again until the extraction of the second section extraction is finished, namely the grouting work of the cover rock is completed, grouting is not needed for the following sections, and ore is extracted by adopting a traditional non-bottom column section falling method.
Preferably, the aperture of the grouting drilling passageway is 60 mm-150 mm, the horizontal position B is 0.3-m-0.5 m away from the side wall of the uppermost section stoping roadway, and the height position H is:
H=（0.5-0.7）T
wherein: h is the distance between the grouting drilling channel and the bottom of the uppermost section stoping roadway; t is the distance from the bottom hole orifice of the sector medium-length hole to the bottom of the uppermost section stoping roadway.
Preferably, the grouting equipment adopts a water pump or a grouting machine.
Preferably, the grouting is solid sodium silicate grouting material, water is needed to be dissolved into grouting solution before grouting, and the ratio of the solid sodium silicate to the water is 1: (5-20), the ratio of the primary grouting amount to the volume of the covering rock to be grouting is 1: (5-20).
The invention has the advantages that: the grouting holes are directly drilled at the two sides of the stoping roadway, the grouting position is automatically adjusted to the position to be grouted along with stoping of each ore caving step, the operation is simple, the construction speed is high, the method is safe and reliable, and the method is suitable for a single-route and stoping roadway straight sublevel caving method without a bottom column.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a single-access bottomless column sublevel caving method with grouting drilled channels along a longitudinal section of the course.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of grouting holes arranged on two sides of the uppermost section stoping roadway.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings,
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the single-route bottomless column sublevel caving method of the invention is a method for remotely drilling and grouting a cover rock stratum, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
In a connecting channel 9 of the uppermost section of the bottomless column section caving method, a geological horizontal directional drilling machine is adopted, grouting drilling channels 2 are respectively drilled in two side walls of the whole length of the uppermost section stoping roadway 1, after drilling construction is finished, connecting pipes 3 are inserted into the orifice ends of the grouting drilling channels 2, one ends of the connecting pipes 3 are in sealing connection with the orifice ends of the grouting drilling channels 2, the other ends of the connecting pipes are connected with grouting equipment 4, and the grouting equipment 4 adopts a water pump or a grouting machine; the grouting equipment 4 is arranged in the uppermost-segment connecting channel 9, and then the rollback stoping of the uppermost-segment stoping roadway 1 from the tail end to the inlet end is carried out;
When the second section is extracted, the back extraction is also carried out from the tail end of the second section extraction roadway 5 to the direction of the inlet end, the ore drawing of an ore caving step distance is finished, the cover rock 6 falls to the end of the working face, grouting is carried out on the cover rock 6 at the end of the working face of the second section extraction roadway 5 by using grouting equipment 4 in a connecting passage 9 of the uppermost section through a grouting drilling passage 2, the grouting is solid sodium silicate grouting material, water is needed to be dissolved into grouting solution before grouting, and the ratio of solid sodium silicate to water is 1: (5-20), the ratio of the primary grouting amount to the volume of the covering rock to be grouting is 1: (5-20);
and (3) cleaning the grouting drilling channel 2 by injecting water for 1-2 minutes until the slurry flows out of the working face, automatically adjusting the grouting position to the position required to be grouting along with the stoping of each ore caving step, carrying out stoping of the next ore caving step, grouting again, stoping again, completing grouting of the covering rock until the stoping of the second section stoping roadway 5 is finished, and stoping ores by adopting a traditional bottom-column-free section caving method in the following sections without re-grouting.
The aperture of the grouting drilling passageway 2 is 60-150mm, the horizontal position B is 0.3-0.5m away from the side wall surface of the uppermost section stoping roadway 1, and the height position H is:
H=（0.5-0.7）T
wherein: h is the distance between the grouting drilling channel 2 and the bottom of the uppermost section stoping roadway 1; t is the distance from the orifice of the sector medium-length hole bottom hole 7 to the bottom of the uppermost section stoping roadway 1.
In the figure, 10 is a sector medium-length hole, 8 is grouting cover rock after grouting, 11 is wing-shaped ore bodies left on two sides of a stoping roadway after stoping, and 12 is a body to be mined.
The single-access sublevel caving method is adopted to remotely drill and grouting the cover rock stratum, has low grouting cost, can lead ore recovery to carry out ore drawing under the grouting cover rock, can effectively prevent the mixing of waste rocks on the front surface in the ore drawing process, has simple operation, high construction speed, is safe and reliable, realizes the grouting purpose of remote and position change of the cover rock of the sublevel caving method, thereby playing the role of improving the ore recovery effect of the caving method and effectively reducing the loss and dilution of ores.
Claims (3)
1. A single-access non-bottom-column sublevel caving method cover stratum long-distance drilling grouting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, arranging drilling grouting channels
In a connecting channel of the uppermost section of the bottomless column section caving method, adopting a geological horizontal directional drilling machine, respectively drilling grouting drilling channels in two side walls of the full length of the uppermost section stoping roadway, after drilling construction is finished, inserting a connecting pipe at the orifice end of the grouting drilling channel, wherein one end of the connecting pipe is in sealing connection with the orifice end of the grouting drilling channel, the other end of the connecting pipe is connected with grouting equipment, the grouting equipment is arranged in the connecting channel of the uppermost section, and then carrying out rollback stoping operation of the uppermost section stoping roadway from the tail end to the inlet end;
the aperture of the grouting drilling channel is 60 mm-150 mm, the horizontal position B is 0.3-m-0.5 m away from the side wall of the uppermost section stoping roadway, and the height position H is:
H=（0.5-0.7）T
wherein: h is the distance between the grouting drilling channel and the bottom of the uppermost section stoping roadway; t is the distance from the bottom hole orifice of the sector medium-length hole to the bottom of the uppermost subsection extraction roadway;
step 2, performing cover rock grouting work
When the second section is extracted, the back extraction is carried out from the tail end of the second section extraction roadway to the direction of the inlet end, the ore drawing of one ore caving step distance is finished, the cover rock falls to the end of the working face, grouting filling is carried out on the cover rock at the end of the working face of the second section extraction roadway through a grouting drilling channel by grouting equipment in the uppermost section communication channel until slurry flows out of the working face, water is injected for 1-2 minutes to clean the grouting drilling channel, along with the extraction of each ore caving step distance, the grouting position is automatically adjusted to the position where grouting is needed, the extraction of the next ore caving step distance is carried out, grouting is carried out again, and extraction is carried out again until the extraction of the second section extraction is finished, namely the grouting work of the cover rock is completed, grouting is not needed for the following sections, and ore is extracted by adopting a traditional non-bottom column section falling method.
2. The single-access bottomless column sublevel caving method cover stratum remote drilling grouting method of claim 1, wherein the grouting equipment adopts a water pump or a grouting machine.
3. The single-access bottomless column sublevel caving method cover stratum remote drilling grouting method of claim 1, wherein the grouting is solid sodium silicate grouting material, water is needed to be dissolved into grouting solution before grouting, and the ratio of solid sodium silicate to water is 1: (5-20), the ratio of the primary grouting amount to the volume of the covering rock to be grouting is 1: (5-20).
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| CN111980707A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-24 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for reinforcing fault broken zone bottom column by natural caving method |
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| RU2127809C1 (en) * | 1998-05-12 | 1999-03-20 | Руслан Борисович Юн | Method for opencast development of deposits |
| CN101566062A (en) * | 2009-06-07 | 2009-10-28 | 姜仁义 | Caving mining method cap comminution granulation |
| RU2558090C1 (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2015-07-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Татнефть" имени В.Д. Шашина | Horizontal well operation method |
| CN105964678B (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-11-14 | 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 | Soil and underground water injection in situ --- high-pressure rotary-spray injection in-situ remediation system and method |
| CN107829742B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-08-20 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Caving-filling-open stope-caving mining method |
| CN112392431A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2021-02-23 | 陈存强 | Technology for preventing and treating water damage of coal seam roof by dynamic pressure-maintaining grouting and plugging of horizontal long drill hole in mining fracture zone |
| CN110617029B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-06-30 | 中国矿业大学 | Drilling segmented retreating type grouting method |
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| CN111749696B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Method capable of completely acquiring ore residues after caving method ore drawing simulation test |
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Patent Citations (2)
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| CN102619517A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-08-01 | 辽宁科技大学 | Overlaying rock cemented pillarless sublevel caving method |
| CN111980707A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-11-24 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for reinforcing fault broken zone bottom column by natural caving method |
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