CN113236252A - Single-route bedpost-free sublevel caving method for covering rock stratum long-distance drilling and grouting method - Google Patents
Single-route bedpost-free sublevel caving method for covering rock stratum long-distance drilling and grouting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113236252A CN113236252A CN202110588306.3A CN202110588306A CN113236252A CN 113236252 A CN113236252 A CN 113236252A CN 202110588306 A CN202110588306 A CN 202110588306A CN 113236252 A CN113236252 A CN 113236252A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a single-drift non-sill pillar sublevel caving method overlying rock stratum remote drilling grouting method, which aims at the grouting difficult problem of non-sill pillar sublevel caving method overlying rock closed area, remote distance and position change. The branch ore vein of the metal deposit adopts the single-route sill pillar-free sublevel caving method, and the grouting method is more applicable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground mine caving mining methods, and particularly relates to a single-drift sill-pillar-free sublevel caving method overburden rock stratum remote drilling and grouting method.
Background
The sublevel caving method without the sill pillar has the advantages of simple process structure, high mining strength, high efficiency, high degree of mechanization, safety, low mining cost and the like, and is widely applied in the world.
The standard sublevel caving method without sill pillar is to divide the ore body into a plurality of stages, then to divide the stages into a plurality of subsections by using a mining roadway, and to perform mining one by one from top to bottom. And performing backspacing type stoping from the tail end of the stoping roadway to the inlet end of the stoping roadway in all the sectional rock drilling, ore caving, ore removal and other work, and stoping at one time by a smaller ore caving step distance, wherein the ore caving step distance is generally 1.5m-2 m.
Ore caving is carried out under the overburden rock, and because ore and rock are in direct contact, the ore is released and mixed into the rock, so that the loss and dilution of the ore are large. The problem of large loss and dilution of ore drawing under the overburden rock stratum is not well solved all the time, and the problem is a big problem which puzzles the mining community.
Overlying rock drawing under an overlying rock stratum has overlying rock waste rocks mixed in from the front, the top and the side, and a large number of practices show that: the most mixing of the face cover rock waste rocks, so long as the mixing of the face cover rock waste rocks can be prevented, the loss and depletion of ores can be greatly reduced. If slip casting is carried out in the overlying rock, the overlying rock is adhered, ore drawing is carried out under the slip casting overlying rock layer, the front mixing of the waste rock can be effectively reduced, and the mixing of the waste rock is effectively prevented.
The method is characterized in that the covering rock on the mined ore body is grouted in the production process of the sublevel caving method without the sill pillar, the covering rock on the mined ore body can only be grouted in the upper subsection, because of the safety requirement of the sublevel caving method without the sill pillar, the sublevel caving mining must be advanced by more than 20m from the lower subsection, or the sublevel caving is performed layer by layer, the grouting position is covered by the covering rock, people cannot enter the grouting position, and because the sublevel caving method without the sill pillar only adopts a small caving step distance once, the position needing grouting changes every time along with the mining of each caving step distance, therefore, the grouting of the covering rock of the sublevel caving method without the sill pillar is a grouting problem of covering rock in a closed area, long distance and position change, and is a great problem.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in overlying rock grouting by a sill pillar-free sublevel caving method, the invention provides a remote drilling and grouting method for an overlying rock stratum by a single-route sill pillar-free sublevel caving method, so that ore is mined under the rubber-containing overlying rock, and the loss and dilution of the ore are effectively reduced.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention discloses a single-route bedpost-free sublevel caving method overburden rock stratum remote drilling grouting method which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
In a connecting channel of the uppermost subsection of the sublevel caving method without a sill pillar, a geological horizontal directional drilling machine is adopted, grouting drilling channels are respectively drilled in two side walls of the full length of the stoping roadway of the uppermost subsection, after drilling construction is finished, a connecting pipe is inserted into an orifice end of each grouting drilling channel, one end of each connecting pipe is hermetically connected with the orifice end of each grouting drilling channel, the other end of each connecting pipe is connected with grouting equipment, the grouting equipment is arranged in the connecting channel of the uppermost subsection, and then backspacing stoping work of the stoping roadway of the uppermost subsection from the tail end to the inlet end is carried out;
When the second subsection is mined, the backspacing mining is carried out from the tail end to the input end of the second subsection mining roadway, ore drawing of one ore caving step is finished, covering rocks fall to the end of a working face, grouting and filling are carried out on the covering rocks at the end of the working face of the second subsection mining roadway through a grouting drilling channel by using grouting equipment in a communication channel of the uppermost subsection until slurry flows out of the working face, water is injected for 1-2 minutes to clean the grouting drilling channel, along with the mining of each ore caving step, the grouting position is automatically adjusted to the position needing grouting, the mining of the next ore caving step is carried out again, grouting is carried out again, the mining is carried out again until the mining of the second subsection mining roadway is finished, namely, the grouting work of the covering rocks is finished, the following subsections do not need to be grouted again, and the ore is mined by adopting the traditional sill pillar-free subsection caving method.
Preferably, the aperture of the grouting drilling channel is 60 mm-150 mm, the horizontal position B is 0.3 m-0.5 m from the side wall of the uppermost subsection mining roadway, and the height position H is as follows:
H=（0.5-0.7）T
in the formula: h is the distance between the grouting drilling channel and the bottom of the stoping roadway of the uppermost subsection; and T is the distance from the bottom hole orifice of the fan-shaped medium-length hole to the bottom of the uppermost subsection stoping roadway.
Preferably, the grouting equipment adopts a water pump or a grouting machine.
Preferably, the grouting is a solid sodium silicate grouting material, a grouting solution needs to be dissolved by water before grouting, and the ratio of the solid sodium silicate to the water is 1: (5-20), the proportion of the primary grouting amount to the volume of the covered rock to be grouted is 1: (5-20).
The invention has the advantages that: because the grouting holes are directly drilled at the two sides of the stoping roadway, the grouting position is automatically adjusted to the position needing grouting along with the stoping of each ore caving step, the method is simple to operate, high in construction speed, safe and reliable, and suitable for the straight sill pillar-free sublevel caving method of the single-pass stoping roadway.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section of a single-access bottomless column sublevel caving method for arranging a grouting drilling channel along the trend.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of grouting holes arranged on two sides of an uppermost subsection stoping roadway.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings,
as shown in fig. 1-3, the single-access bottomless sublevel caving method for overburden rock stratum long-distance borehole grouting of the invention is characterized by comprising the following steps:
In a connecting channel 9 of the uppermost subsection of the sublevel caving method without a bottom pillar, a geological horizontal directional drilling machine is adopted, grouting drilling channels 2 are respectively drilled in two side walls of the full length of the stoping roadway 1 of the uppermost subsection, after drilling construction is finished, a connecting pipe 3 is inserted into an orifice end of each grouting drilling channel 2, one end of each connecting pipe 3 is hermetically connected with an orifice end of each grouting drilling channel 2, the other end of each connecting pipe is connected with grouting equipment 4, and each grouting equipment 4 adopts a water pump or a grouting machine; the grouting equipment 4 is arranged in the communication channel 9 of the uppermost section, and then the back-off type stoping work of the uppermost section of the stoping roadway 1 from the tail end to the inlet end is carried out;
When the second subsection of stoping, also from the end of second subsection stoping tunnel 5 to the entering end direction back down the formula stoping, the ore drawing of a caving step of stoping finishes, and the working face tip falls in covering rock 6, and the slip casting equipment 4 in the tie way 9 of utilizing the uppermost subsection passes through slip casting drilling passageway 2, carries out the slip casting to covering rock 6 of 5 working face tips in second subsection stoping tunnel, the slip casting is solid sodium silicate grouting material, and the required water dissolves into slip casting solution before the slip casting, and the ratio of solid sodium silicate and water is 1: (5-20), the proportion of the primary grouting amount to the volume of the covered rock to be grouted is 1: (5-20);
and (3) injecting water for 1-2 minutes to clean the grouting drilling channel 2 until the slurry flows out of the working face, automatically adjusting the grouting position to the position needing grouting along with the recovery of each ore caving step, then performing the recovery of the next ore caving step, re-grouting, and re-recovering until the recovery of the second sublevel recovery roadway 5 is finished, namely completing the grouting work of the overlying rock, wherein the grouting is not needed in the following sublevel, and the ore is recovered by adopting the traditional sill-pillar-free sublevel caving method.
The aperture of the grouting drilling channel 2 is 60-150mm, the horizontal position B is 0.3-0.5m away from the side wall surface of the uppermost subsection mining roadway 1, and the height position H is as follows:
H=（0.5-0.7）T
in the formula: h is the distance between the grouting drilling channel 2 and the bottom of the uppermost subsection stoping roadway 1; and T is the distance from the hole opening of the bottom hole 7 of the fan-shaped medium-length hole to the bottom of the uppermost subsection stoping roadway 1.
In the figure, 10 is a fan-shaped medium-length hole, 8 is grouting covering rock after grouting, 11 is a wing-shaped ore body left on two sides of a stoping roadway after stoping, and 12 is a body to be mined.
The single-route sill-pillar-free sublevel caving method for long-distance drilling and grouting of the overburden rock is low in grouting cost, ore can be mined under the grouting overburden rock, mixing of front waste rocks in the ore mining process can be effectively prevented, the operation is simple, the construction speed is high, safety and reliability are achieved, the purpose of grouting long-distance and position change of the sill-pillar-free sublevel caving method overburden rock is achieved, the ore mining effect of the caving method is improved, and loss and dilution of ores are effectively reduced.
Claims (4)
1. A single-access bottomless column sublevel caving method for overburden rock stratum remote drilling and grouting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, arranging a drilling grouting channel
In a connecting channel of the uppermost subsection of the sublevel caving method without a sill pillar, a geological horizontal directional drilling machine is adopted, grouting drilling channels are respectively drilled in two side walls of the full length of the stoping roadway of the uppermost subsection, after drilling construction is finished, a connecting pipe is inserted into an orifice end of each grouting drilling channel, one end of each connecting pipe is hermetically connected with the orifice end of each grouting drilling channel, the other end of each connecting pipe is connected with grouting equipment, the grouting equipment is arranged in the connecting channel of the uppermost subsection, and then backspacing stoping work of the stoping roadway of the uppermost subsection from the tail end to the inlet end is carried out;
step 2, performing overburden rock grouting work
When the second subsection is mined, the backspacing mining is carried out from the tail end to the input end of the second subsection mining roadway, ore drawing of one ore caving step is finished, covering rocks fall to the end of a working face, grouting and filling are carried out on the covering rocks at the end of the working face of the second subsection mining roadway through a grouting drilling channel by using grouting equipment in a communication channel of the uppermost subsection until slurry flows out of the working face, water is injected for 1-2 minutes to clean the grouting drilling channel, along with the mining of each ore caving step, the grouting position is automatically adjusted to the position needing grouting, the mining of the next ore caving step is carried out again, grouting is carried out again, the mining is carried out again until the mining of the second subsection mining roadway is finished, namely, the grouting work of the covering rocks is finished, the following subsections do not need to be grouted again, and the ore is mined by adopting the traditional sill pillar-free subsection caving method.
2. The single-access sill-pillar-free sublevel caving method overburden rock stratum remote borehole grouting method according to claim 1, wherein the bore diameter of the grouting borehole channel is 60 mm-150 mm, the horizontal position B is 0.3 m-0.5 m from the side wall of the uppermost sublevel stoping roadway, and the height position H is as follows:
H=（0.5-0.7）T
in the formula: h is the distance between the grouting drilling channel and the bottom of the stoping roadway of the uppermost subsection; and T is the distance from the bottom hole orifice of the fan-shaped medium-length hole to the bottom of the uppermost subsection stoping roadway.
3. The single-access bottom-pillar-free sublevel caving overburden rock remote borehole grouting method of claim 1, wherein said grouting equipment employs a water pump or a grouting machine.
4. The single-access bottomless column sublevel caving method overburden rock stratum remote borehole grouting method according to claim 1, wherein the grouting is a solid sodium silicate grouting material, a grouting solution needs to be dissolved by water before grouting, and the ratio of solid sodium silicate to water is 1: (5-20), the proportion of the primary grouting amount to the volume of the covered rock to be grouted is 1: (5-20).
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| CN202110588306.3A CN113236252B (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | Single-route bottomless column sublevel caving method cover stratum long-distance drilling grouting method |
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